AP Biology Chapter 8 Study Test Question Answers
1. b. exergonic, spontaneous
2. e. catabolism
3. c. they consume energy to build up polymers from monomers
4. a. energy cannot be created or destroyed.
5. a. dehydration synthesis (recall water is lost as two monomers join to form larger
molecule; getting more organized
6. b. the organism ultimately must obtain energy for life from its environment (to keep itself
from succumbing to entropy or becoming disordered.
7. a. an organism (exchanging material with environment always.)
8. a. is consistent with the second law of thermodynamics ( b looks like a good choice but
entropy is not DUE to evolution; evolution still a theory).
9. d. metabolism is a property of all organismal life (note: a is not a good choice because
you still metabolize when you aren’t eating; some think E is correct but metabolism consists
of BOTH catabolism (increase entropy) plus anabolism (decrease entropy).
10. d. every chemical reaction must increase the total entropy of the universe. (remember,
this question is asking about the SECOND law, not the FIRST, so choice e is not correct.
11. d. entropy of the universe. (if this does not make sense, please ask during our
discussion).
12. c. delta G isteh change in free energy (ΔH = enthalpy or heat; Δ S = entropy or disorder)
13. e. no net change
14. b. the reaction proceeds with a net release of free energy
15. d. read page 147 carefully…important!!
16. a. endergonic (note: many go for choice b: endothermic: endothermic is similar to
endergonic but “thermic” refers to heat only; the gonic refers to free energy change. Please
ask if you are still uncertain.
17. b. the heat content of a system.
18. b. it provides energy coupling between exergonic and endergonic reactions. (read over
bottom of page 148 and top of 149..phosphate bonds not so high in energy; just easily
hydrolyzed.).
19. c. RNA nucleotide (recall A, T , C and G nucleotides of DNA)
20. c. energy coupling.
21. d. heat is lost to the environment.
22. c. this should be obviously active transport (anytime you maintain a high concentration
gradient, that takes energy!!..keeping calcium “uphill”; not diffusing in one direction).
23. a. the reaction is faster than the same reaction in the absence of the enzyme.
24. c. the activation energy barrier cannot be surmounted.
25. b. the delta G stays the same at -20 kcal/mol. You are NOT changing the reaction
energies because the same type of chemical bonds are being broken!!!
26. d. add a catalyst
27. b. activation energy
28. a. it is a competitive inhibitor. (competing for binding site to enzyme’s active site)
29. b. it is exergonic
30. d. the delta G will be the same with or without enzyme because, again, the chemical
players are the same; same bond energies; enzyme just make the reaction happen faster and
at lower temperatures.
31. a. negative ΔG, spontaneous
32. a. a substrate (not an intermediate since it is the initial reactant)
33. b. feedback inhibition
34. d. ATP is an intermediary
35. e. it would be shown in clockwise direction at the top of the figure (endergonic means
requires energy; the energy released at the top (“ATP”) is harnessed as the reaction proceeds
to the right….)
36. d. page 156, 3rd paragraph.