© Emond Montgomery Publications Limited Geography Grade 9, Academic CGC 1D Lesson Plans prepared by Paul Galpern © Emond Montgomery Publications Limited Course Content Allotted Time 33 hours Classes 22 periods Unit TItle Unit One Natural Systems 25.5 hours 17 periods Unit Two Human Systems 24.75 hours 16.5 periods Unit Three Humans in the Environment 27.75 hours 18.5 periods Unit Four Global Connections 7.5 hours 5 periods Final Project The final project will consist of a course review assignment that through an oral test assesses many of the overall expectations of the course, while giving students an opportunity to review for the exam. Assessment and Evaluation Seventy percent of the final grade will be made up of marks gathered throughout the semester. The remaining 30 percent will consist of a final project and final exam that together assess all overall expectations in the course. For the 70 percent of course work, scores in the four areas of the achievement chart are tracked independently. For each area, most consistent and most recent student performances on major assignments will carry most weight in producing the score. The scores will be combined in the following proportions to produce a course work score: Knowledge/Understanding Thinking/Inquiry Communication Application 20% 20% 20% 20% © Emond Montgomery Publications Limited Geography Grade 9, Academic CGC 1D LESSON PLANS Prepared by Paul Galpern © Emond Montgomery Publications Limited Resource List for Lesson Plans Andrew, W., and G. Draper. 1999. Perspectives: Canadian Geography. Toronto: Irwin Publishing. Clark, B.W., and J.K Wallace. 1999. Making Connections: Canada’s Geography. Scarborough: Prentice Hall Ginn. Espenshade, E.B., Jr. ed. 1995. Goode’s World Atlas. 19th ed. Rand McNally. ESRI Canada. 2000. ArcView GIS. Software. Moore, M. 1998. The Big One. Alliance Video. Stanford, Q.H., ed. 1998. Canadian Oxford School Atlas. 7th ed. Don Mills: Oxford University Press. Geography, Academic, Gr.9 – Lesson Plans – Page 1 © Emond Montgomery Publications Limited Unit One – Natural Systems Activity 1. Introduction to course 2. What is geography? a. Types of geography Time (pds) 1 1 b. Glossary of geographic terms Methodology Resources Distribute course title page. Discuss expectations in course. Course overview course title page Complete a geography trivia quiz as a diagnostic activity. Discuss answers with class elaborating to interest students in Canadian and world events Introduction to Geography Quiz Assessment Take a note on the types of geography (social, economic, physical, and historical) giving examples of how these are put into practise in the everyday world. Create a glossary of geographic terms with space for written and illustrated definitions of terms. Terms include place, scale, coordinates, region, equator, latitude, longitude, topographic map, etc... Glossary of Geographic Terms organizer 3. Geographic skills review a. Place names of Canada and the world 1 Complete an assignment that has students label important and newsworthy places on maps of Canada, North America, Ontario, and the world. Room is provided for notes from a class discussion about a selection of these places. Where are you? Where am I? assignment sheet; outline maps of Canada, North America, Ontario, and the world. completion of assignment (score) b. Topographic maps 2 Introduce topographic maps with a local map for the community. Complete a worksheet on topographic map features, including contour lines, scale, map symbols, and four and six digit grid references. Topographic Map Features worksheet; portions of a local topo map (e.g. Severn Lake 1:50 000 federal series) completion of worksheet (score) Complete a topo map hunt for the local area. Complete a second topo map assignment for another part of the country with completely different features of the natural and built environments. Create a profile of a hill on one of the maps (e.g. from Perspectives, p. 12) Bearskin Lake Topo Map Hunt worksheet; Hamilton-Burlington Topo Map study worksheet using Making Connections p. 32 completion of topo map worksheets and hill profile (score) Do several reinforcement activities on map scales and map distances. Reading Different Map Scales worksheet (source unknown) Geography, Academic, Gr.9 – Lesson Plans – Page 2 © Emond Montgomery Publications Limited Unit One – Natural Systems Activity Time (pds) c. Plan a topographic adventure assignment 1 d. Pear Island mapping assignment 1 4. Natural systems in Northern Ontario 1 5. Physical features 5. Climate 1 1 Methodology Resources Assessment Complete a short assignment in which students create their own topographic map adventure similar to those they have already completed. They must use four and six digit grid references, contour lines, and make reference to several different human features of the landscape. Plan a Topographic Adventure assignment; selection of interesting topographic maps (e.g. from Ontario topo50 software). Students create their own full-colour topographic map of a pear shaped island, requiring contours, human builts features and other elements. They must also create a short written description of their trip to the island. Introduce the Natural Systems unit by considering elements of these systems in Northern Ontario. Using a series of detailed maps of northern Ontario (north of 50oN), complete information on major population centres, landforms, soil types, drainage basins, vegetation types, wildlife from teacher led overheads. Pear Island Mapping Exercise assignment sheet; grid paper From this information students complete a comparison of different locations within Northern Ontario in terms of these features (e.g. Fort Severn vs. Sioux Lookout). Complete a worksheet on landforms in Canada, including the western cordillera, interior plains, Canadian shield, and Appalachian regions. Answer questions on the nature of these landforms Ontario North of 50oN comparison worksheets completion of worksheets (score) Landforms Across Canada worksheet completion of worksheet (score) Read and answer several questions on how the land has been shaped by water and ice. readings and questions from Perspectives, p. 16 completion of readings and questions (score) Complete a worksheet on climate emphasizing local and global factors with information extracted from a textbook reading. Climate Canada worksheet; Perspectives p. 21- 25. completion of worksheet (score) completion of the assignment (checklist) completion of the assignment (checklist) Ontario North of 50oN Physical Features outline maps; data on overheads from Ontario North of 50oN atlas; Geography, Academic, Gr.9 – Lesson Plans – Page 3 © Emond Montgomery Publications Limited Unit One – Natural Systems Activity Time (pds) Methodology 6. Vegetation & soil 1 Complete a worksheet on vegetation and soil types in Canada, that also emphasizes how soil is made. Information is extracted from a textbook reading, and figures copied from Perspectives. 7. Land use a. What is land use? 1.5 Introduce the concept of land use and a land use plan. Discuss the six types of land usages common in Canada, giving examples of how these may apply in Northern Ontario in a graphic and text note. Add terms to glossary as necessary. b. Urban planning 8. Ecozones a. What are ecozones? b. Personal ecozone evaluation assignment 1.5 1 Resources Assessment Vegetation & Soil Canada; Making Connections p. 145 – 155; Fig 1.9d in Perspectives. completion of worksheet (score) Complete a worksheet where students create and draw an “urban” plan for their community, locating residential, industrial, recreational and commercial land use areas in appropriate locations. Students construct their own concept of the ecozone by recreating climate region, soil region and vegetation region maps for Canada, and then discerning patterns to create their own Ecozone map of Canada. Their concept of an ecozone is compared to the standard definition. Urban Planning worksheet completion of worksheet (score) Four Steps to an Ecozone assignment; completion of assignment (score) Using photos of ecozones (from textbook) discern characteristics of each ecozone. Complete a worksheet with this information. Ecozones Canada worksheet; Making Connections p. 158-163. completion of worksheet (score) Using information about ecozones, students choose an ecozone where they would like to reside, and give reasons. Personal Ecozone Evaluation assignment sheet completion of assignment (checklist) Geography, Academic, Gr.9 – Lesson Plans – Page 4 © Emond Montgomery Publications Limited Unit One – Natural Systems Activity Time (pds) Methodology Resources 9. A new national park 3 Complete a multi-step authentic assignment designing a new national park in a chosen ecozone. Assignment requires interpretation of ecozone maps, knowledge of ecozone conditions, and understanding of national parks and recreational land usage. The final product is an electronically produced brochure used to advertise the new national park. A New National Park assignment sheet and blank electronic brochure; Canada’s National Parks and Terrestrial Ecozones wall map (from Parks Canada); collection of national parks information brochures (available from Parks Canada) My Canadian Photo Album assignment sheet; 10. A photo album of Canada’s ecozones 2 Using an Internet Google Image search students create scrapbook of images from a selection of ecozones. They must past together their photo album with captions, and complete an organizer describing the various elements of each ecozone chosen, and how it is reflected in the picture they have selected. 10. Unit test & review 2 Complete a review of all knowledge and skills developed in the unit Unit 1 Review worksheet Write a paper and pencil test. Unit 1 Test Assessment completion of assignment (rubric) completion of assignment (checklist) completion of test (score) Geography, Academic, Gr.9 – Lesson Plans – Page 5 © Emond Montgomery Publications Limited Unit Two – Human Systems Activity Time (pds) Methodology Resources Assessment 1. Introduction to geographic information systems (G.I.S.) 0.5 Take a graphic and text note about G.I.S. computer software (use overhead transparencies analogy when describing layers). 2. Population a. Population distribution using G.I.S. 3 Complete an introductory tutorial assignment using G.I.S. software, which introduces students to the major functions in the ArcView package. It also creates population distribution map of Canada, which s printed and several questions are answered about it. Introduction to G.I.S. assignment sheet (adapted from Arcview tutorial) completion of assignment sheet (score) b. Settlement patterns using G.I.S. Complete a worksheet on settlement patterns in Canada using G.I.S. Answer several questions based on the on-screen maps, and questions from a reading about the location of cities. Settlement Patterns Canada worksheet; readings from Perspectives p. 100-101 completion of worksheet (score) c. Population density using G.I.S. Complete a worksheet on population density in Canada using G.I.S. Answer several questions based on the on-screen maps. Population Density Canada worksheet completion of worksheet (score) Introduce the concepts of natural increase rate, net migration rate, and population growth rate with the help of a textbook figure. Complete several application and thinking questions requiring calculations of population growth rates and doubling times. Demographics worksheet; Making Connections p. 169. completion of worksheet (score) Discuss the age structure of certain populations and how a population pyramid can show this. Illustrate several examples of different population age structures. Complete a worksheet requiring the interpretation and creation of population pyramids. The impacts of baby boomers and an aging population are considered in questions Population Pyramids Canada worksheet including Perspectives Fig 3.3b completion of worksheet (score) 3. Demographics a. Concepts b. Population pyramids 1.5 Geography, Academic, Gr.9 – Lesson Plans – Page 6 © Emond Montgomery Publications Limited Unit Two – Human Systems Activity 4. Ethnicity a. Interpreting data Time (pds) 1 b. Racism and hate propaganda 5. Immigration a. Immigrants and refugees 1.5 Methodology Resources Complete a worksheet requiring interpretation of ethnicity data, graphing data from Statistics Canada, and reviewing the major ethnic groups in Canada. Ethnicity is defined. Ethnicity Canada worksheet Discuss the concept of racism and hate propaganda. Review a Stop the Hatred pamphlet and game, and consider the various manifestations of hate against a target population Stop The Hatred pamphlet (Canadian Human Rights Commission) Assessment completion of worksheet (score) Take a short text note defining immigrants, and distinguishing them from refugees. Push and pull factors, and the point system are also defined. b. Interpreting data Complete a worksheet package assignment requiring interpretation of data about sources of immigration to Canada. Immigration Canada: The Numbers worksheet (adapted from a Statistics Canada classroom resource) completion of worksheet (score) c. The point system Discuss the point system and how it works. Complete a case study worksheet where students determine if immigration applicants are eligible for entrance to Canada. Immigration Canada: The Points System worksheet; summary of the point system from Internet Population: Putting the Pieces Together package completion of worksheet (score) Population Oral Test oral test (rubric for each question) 6. Population Test a. Putting the pieces together b. Oral test 3 Complete a review package which requires students to look over the various worksheet packages in this unit so far, and construct a more complete understanding of how all the pieces fit together in geographic context. Using an oral test format where students are given the questions beforehand, students answer selected questions orally, one-on-one with the teacher during a 10 minute test. Geography, Academic, Gr.9 – Lesson Plans – Page 7 © Emond Montgomery Publications Limited Unit Two – Human Systems Activity 7. Transportation a. Transportation types Time (pds) 1 Methodology Resources Assessment Brainstorm the various ways to move people and cargo in and around Canada. Moving People and Cargo Brainstorm worksheet; completion of brainstorm (score) Complete a reading assignment on the various methods of moving people and cargo in Canada (car, bus, rail service, air, ferry, trucks, containers, air freight, laker, sea freighter, etc.) Transportation Canada worksheet; readings from Making Connections p. 375-386 completion of worksheet (score) b. Plan a vacation in Canada 2 Complete an authentic assignment where students must plan a trip from where they live to a town somewhere in Canada that they have never before visited. After creating maps showing two different ways of getting their (using G.I.S. software), students call the appropriate travel companies to find the fare and timetable information required to complete their trip using both routes. A detailed itinerary for each trip is submitted. Plan a Vacation in Canada assignment sheet; toll-free numbers for a variety of relevant air, bus, and rail carriers. completion of assignment (checklist) c. Transport and the environment 2 Don’t Idle Poster assignment sheet completion of assignment (checklist) 8. Communications a. Communications technology 1.5 Students choose a form of transportation used in their community, and use the internet to investigate the pollutants produce by it. A poster is created with an image of the vehicle in the centre surrounded by data and information about the effects of that vehicle on the environment. Posters may be posted for public viewing. Complete a worksheet reviewing the main types of communications technology currently used in Canada. Information is obtained from a textbook reading. Communications Canada worksheet; Making Connections p. 394-400 completion of worksheet (score) Complete a series of case studies where students must solve a problem of transport and communication in Canada by suggesting the most appropriate technology to use, and say why. Transport & Communication Cases worksheet completion of worksheet (score) b. Communications & transportation problems Geography, Academic, Gr.9 – Lesson Plans – Page 8 © Emond Montgomery Publications Limited Unit Three – Humans in the Environment Activity 1. What is the environment? a. Values and the environment 2. Ecological Footprints a. What are they? Time (pds) 1 2 b. Determining your ecological footprint 3. Preview of natural resources a. What are they? b. Extractive industries 1 Methodology Resources Brainstorm 16 different elements that make up the environment, and construct a definition of what this means. Complete an organizer with several parts of the environment distinguishing its ecosystem and instrumental values. What is the Environment? worksheet Complete a short worksheet on the value of wilderness, that ask students to describe various ways of using wilderness, and evaluate how they feel about it. Wilderness Canada worksheet; readings from Perspectives p. 144 – 147. Assessment completion of worksheet (score) Take a short note introducing ecological footprints. Use ecological footprints as a window to all the ways humans impact on the environment to be reviewed in this unit. Complete an ecological footprint questionnaire to determine one’s own ecological footprint Ecological Footprint Questionnaire (e.g. Recycling Council of Ontario) Design an ecological footprint questionnaire to be given to residents of local community. Use a fill-in-the-blank empty survey with questions to be developed in categories including housing, food, transportation, purchases and waste. Complete an overview worksheet package which introduces the major natural resources in Canada (fish, minerals, forestry, soil (agriculture), water, and furs). Treading Lightly Survey assignment sheet completion of assignment (checklist) Ontario’s Natural Resources (fact sheet) worksheet package (source unknown) completion of worksheet package (score) Complete an organizer with a list of common products that come from natural resources. Determine the natural resource used, and name the extractive industry chosen from a list provided. Natural Resource Industries Canada worksheet completion of worksheet (score) Geography, Academic, Gr.9 – Lesson Plans – Page 9 © Emond Montgomery Publications Limited Unit Three – Humans in the Environment Activity 4. Forestry a. The forest industry Time (pds) 1 b. The forest around us 1 5. Mining a. The mining industry 1 b. Mine development 6. Fisheries a. The fishing industry b. Comparing east and west coast fisheries 1.5 Methodology Resources Assessment Complete an overview worksheet package which introduces forestry, distinguishing hardwood and softwood industries, products, and location of forestry operations in Northern Ontario. Forestry in Ontario worksheet package (source unknown) completion of worksheet package (score) Complete a short reading assignment on the forest industry, and answer several questions. Forestry Canada worksheet; readings from Perspectives p. 6063. completion of worksheet (score) Take students on a field trip through the local forest (on snowshoes if appropriate). Use an illustrated key to local trees to identify tree species. Upon returning complete a worksheet about the local effects and impacts of forest fires, and potential forest extraction. Complete an overview worksheet package which introduces mining, distinguishing types of mining, and products of mining. The Forest Around Us worksheet; a key to local tree species; snowshoes completion of worksheet (score) Mining in Ontario worksheet package (source unknown) completion of worksheet package (score) Complete a short reading assignment on the mining industry, and answer several questions about types of mining, prospecting, and mine development. Mining Canada worksheet; readings from Perspectives p. 7682. completion of worksheet (score) Complete an overview worksheet package which introduces fisheries, distinguishing inshore, offshore fisheries, methods and types of fish caught. The Atlantic Fisheries worksheet package (source unknown) completion of worksheet package (score) Read a short newspaper article on life in Newfoundland after the cod stocks disappeared. Answer several questions. The Fish Vanished questions completion of questions (score) Complete a short reading assignment comparing the east and west coast fishing industries, methods used, and impacts on human populations. Fisheries Canada worksheet; readings from Perspectives p. 5459. completion of worksheet (score) Geography, Academic, Gr.9 – Lesson Plans – Page 10 © Emond Montgomery Publications Limited Unit Three – Humans in the Environment Activity Time (pds) Methodology 7. Energy 0.5 Complete a worksheet interpreting data on energy use in Canada from a variety of sources. 8. Water a. Water sources 1.5 Take a graphic and text note on sources of water in Canada. Using an image of the water cycle to explain it. List a series of names for freshwater bodies in Canada. Distinguish these from saltwater bodies. b. Water conservation and pollution Resources Assessment Energy Canada worksheet completion of worksheet (score) Each student completes an assessment of their household’s water use. Class data is collected, summarized, and interpreted. Household Water Use assignment sheet completion of assignment (score) Complete a worksheet analyzing the water flow in the community, and identify sources and reasons for pollution. Complete an assignment using tables, graphs and charts obtained from a recent Atlas of Canada to develop a map of Canada which emphasizes the primary resource industry in each province. Water Use Flow Chart worksheet completion of worksheet (score) Natural Resources Canada assignment sheet; Natural Resources Canada Data Sheet with figures and tables from the Oxford Atlas of Canada. completion of assignment sheet (score) 9. Natural Resources a. Canadian resources in geographic context 1 b. A natural resources fact sheet 2 Choose any of the natural resources we have considered in the course (add agriculture), and use textbook, atlas, and internet sources to produce a graphic and text fact sheet on this resource in Canada (facts required include geography, extractive information, processing information, impacts on the natural environment associated with extracting and processing the resource, etc.) Natural Resources Fact Sheet assignment sheet; various textual reference sources completion of assignment (checklist) c. Evaluating a resource deal 1 After reading an imaginary case study of a mineral find adjacent to the community, and the deal proposed to extract it, students evaluate the benefits and costs associated with signing this deal for the community and the natural environment. Evaluating a Resource Deal assignment sheet completion of assignment (rating scale) Geography, Academic, Gr.9 – Lesson Plans – Page 11 © Emond Montgomery Publications Limited Unit Three – Humans in the Environment Activity 10. Unit test & review Time (pds) 2 Methodology Resources Complete a review of all knowledge and skills developed in the unit Unit 3 Review worksheet Write a paper and pencil test. Unit 3 Test Assessment completion of test (score) Geography, Academic, Gr.9 – Lesson Plans – Page 12 © Emond Montgomery Publications Limited Unit Four – Global Connections Activity Time (pds) Methodology Resources Assessment 1. Introduction to world geography 1 Complete a diagnostic quiz that asks students for their general knowledge on a series of world geography questions and issues. Do you know the world? Quiz a. Place names 2 Label the World assignment completion of assignment (score) 2. Country Profiles 2 Review the location of series of place names in the world of economic, trade, political, and current affairs significance. Label the world using G.I.S. software and printing the result. Complete a short organizer from teacher lecture about these places. Choose a country from each of six continents, and using available Atlas resources profile each each of these countries in terms of its climate, natural environmental, demographic social indicators, nutrition, economy and transportation, agriculture, energy, minerals and trade. Profiles are completed on blank profile worksheets Country Profiles assignment sheet completion of assignment (checklist) 3. World Development a. Degrees of development 2 Complete a worksheet on developed and developing countries based on a textbook reading. Developed and Developing Countries worksheet; Making Connections p. 406-409 completion of worksheet (score) b. Quality of Life Evaluate your own quality of life using a rating scale worksheet. Compare this to the quality of life in several other countries in the world. My Quality of Life worksheet based on Perspectives p. 256 question 2. completion of worksheet (score) c. Canada’s foreign aid Complete definitions of types of foreign aid provided by Canadian government (ODA). Examples include clean water, sanitation, infrastructure, human rights, democraticization, and environmental protection. Tied aid and the role of NGOs is also considered Geography, Academic, Gr.9 – Lesson Plans – Page 13 © Emond Montgomery Publications Limited Unit Four – Global Connections Activity 4. Trade a. Trade connections b. Multinational corporations and sweatshops Time (pds) 1 Methodology Using an organizer, take notes and record teacher and class generated examples about how Canada connects with the rest of the world in terms of trade in goods, peacekeeping/diplomacy, culture, sports, immigration, development, organizations, and tourism. Complete questions based on organizer and a textbook reading Resources Assessment Global Connections Canada worksheet; Making Connections p. 422-424. completion of worksheet (score) 0.5 Complete a text note on the ubiquity of multinational corporations, globalization, and typical conditions in many sweatshops run by multinationals. 0.5 Read excerpts from an article in the Village Voice discussing how a consumer struck back at Nike and its reputation for sweatshops. Answer comprehension questions on these excerpts. Making Nike Sweat Questions worksheet; excerpts from the Village Voice completion of question (score) Complete an assignment requiring examining articles of clothing for country of manufacture. Compare this information with data provided about a series of brands and the conditions in their factories. Behind the Label assignment sheet; data from No Logo by Naomi Klein completion of assignment (score) 1.5 Watch the humorous movie The Big One in which movie-maker Michael Moore investigates multinationals, lay-offs, and Nike. Answer interpretation questions based on this viewing. The Big One Questions worksheet; video of The Big One completion of questions (score) c. Fair Trade 1 1 Fair Trade Canada; readings from Perspectives p. 191-193 Global Warming Canada; sources from the Internet completion of worksheet (score) 4. Global Environmental Issues a. Global warming Complete a worksheet on fair trade. Answer questions from a reading about how fair trade reduces the injustices of globalization. Take a graphic and text note on the greenhouse effect and global warming using the organizer provided. Include the impacts that it will have on Canada, and Northern Ontario (e.g. winter roads), and the Kyoto accord and its intentions. Answer thought questions based on this information. 1 completion of worksheet (score) Geography, Academic, Gr.9 – Lesson Plans – Page 14 © Emond Montgomery Publications Limited Unit Four – Global Connections Activity Time (pds) Methodology Resources b. Ozone depletion 0.5 Take a graphic and text note on the ozone layer and its depletion. Include a discussion on the health and environmental impacts associated with this. c. Advocating for the environment 2.5 Using selected internet resources, gather information on global warming, ozone depletion, or the destruction of wildlife habitat. Following steps on an assignment sheet, compose a short letter to an appropriate level of government (Prime Minister’s Office, United Nations) that is brief, focused, clear about views and positions, not emotional, and requests a reply with a specific question. The letter is sent. Letter Writing for a Better Planet assignment sheet; notes from Perspectives p. 268-269 5. Unit test & review 2 Complete a review of all knowledge and skills developed in the unit Unit 4 Review worksheet Write a paper and pencil test. Unit 4 Test Assessment completion of assignment (checklist) completion of test (score)