Europe in the 21st Century
New York University
School of Continuing and Professional Studies
M.S. Program in Global Affairs
Y45.1105.001
Spring 2010
Wednesdays, 6:30-9:10pm
Woolworth 214
January 20 – April 28
Colette Mazzucelli, MALD, PhD
cgm7@nyu.edu
(212) 992-8380 (Global Affairs Program)
Spring Office Hours: Thursdays, 3:15-4:15 pm or by appointment
Office: Woolworth Building Campus, Room 441
Pedagogy, Research and Technology Assistance to Dr. Mazzucelli
Miss Erin Carey (pedagogy)
Miss Laurie Cohen (PDFs)
Mr. Michael Viola (PPTs)
Miss Laura Wicks (research)
SYLLABUS
I. Course Objectives
Europe is a region in transition. The European Union has transformed most of the
continent from the source of the world's deadliest wars to its biggest bloc of peaceful
democracies. Today Europe still faces ethnic tensions, including the challenge of
immigration, unstable new democracies on the Union’s borders and the vexed
problem of a revisionist Russia, which is searching for a post-communist identity.
This course analyzes the development of the European project in the postwar context
through a focus on the successive enlargements of the European Community/Union
and the specific policy areas that were influenced by this historical evolution.
Integration theory helps to explain the development and dynamics within the
Community/Union from its origins to the present day.
We begin with an analysis of pluralism, functionalism, neo-functionalism and
federalism in the historical postwar context of the founding of the Communities by
the original Six Member States. The EU institutions and their roles interacting with
the Member States to shape negotiations are identified in daily policymaking and
intergovernmental conferences to revise the Founding Treaties. The extent of
integration in specific policymaking areas, namely, the single European market and
Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), are discussed in the present context.
The evolution of the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) is analyzed in the
context of intra-European dynamics and transatlantic relations. The enlargement to
the EU 27 is assessed in the context of the newer challenges to the integration process
as historically conceived by the Founding Fathers - Monnet, Schuman, Adenauer,
Spaak and Hallstein. The changes introduced by the Lisbon Treaty are analyzed by
practitioners responsible for the Presidency of the European Council in light of the
long debate about the European Constitution and the Reform Treaty.
Our attention turns next to a detailed consideration of the post September 11 context
and the war in Iraq as these events impact on intra-European relations and the EuroAtlantic area. Can and should Europe develop “hard power” as a global actor to
match its considerable “soft power?” Is an increasingly united Europe to be a partner
or rival to the United States? We rely on our knowledge and understanding of
integration theory to identify some of the difficulties confronted by what is defined as
the transatlantic “security community” in light of the enlargements to come.
The prospect of enlargement aims to encourage democracy and open markets in
neighbouring states. Yet, this process must be critically examined in light of the
unprecedented challenges presented by two potentially transformative applicants to
the Union, Turkey and Ukraine. The mixed successes of democratization in Europe
are a testing ground for theories of democratic change. The course ends with a twoweek European Council crisis scenario pertaining to Turkish enlargement,
emphasizing the use of Blackboard and Skype technology within the learning
community.
Students are encouraged to focus on the following goals in the learning process:
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To acquire and create knowledge about the various theories which define the field
of European integration: pluralism; functionalism; neo-functionalism; and
federalism in the context of the historical development of the integration process;
To grapple with the tensions between the intergovernmentalist and
supranationalist perspectives and assess their relevance to our understanding of
the European project in the world today;
To understand the challenges inherent in European policymaking relying on
knowledge about the European institutions and the interests of the Member States;
To learn from the case studies analyzing enlargement and the changes introduced
by the Lisbon Treaty, which distinguish the European polity from traditional
international organizations;
To assess the changes in the internal dynamics within the European Union after
the fall of the Berlin Wall, 11/09/1989, as well as the developments in
transatlantic relations after the attacks on the World Trade Center and the
Pentagon, 09/11/2001, and their implications for world order.
The course syllabus is a contract between the Professor and each member of our learning
community, which each one of us is required to fulfill in a spirit of mutual respect. If you
have questions, please contact Professor Mazzucelli as soon as possible. Thank you in
advance for your understanding.
II. Required Textbooks
The following volumes are required and available for purchase:
 Geir Lundestad. “Empire” by Integration The United States and European
Integration, 1945-1997. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998.
 Fritz Stern. Five Germanys I Have Known. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux,
2006.
 Helen Wallace, William Wallace, and Mark A. Pollack, eds. Policy-Making in the
European Union. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005.
 Philippe de Schoutheete. The Case for Europe. Boulder and London: Lynne
Rienner, 2000.
 Jan Zielonka. Europe as Empire. The Nature of the Enlarged European Union.
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007.
 Dominique Moïsi. The Geopolitics of Emotion. New York: Doubleday, 2009, pp.
1-56.
 Mark Leonard. Why Europe Will Run the 21st Century. New York, Public Affairs,
2005.
III. Required Subscription
Weekly Reading of Foreign Affairs including online subscription to
http://www.foreignaffairs.com/ with Foreign Affairs LIVE You Tube archived program
events
N.B. The readings on reserve in Bobst Library, as well as those archived in PDF
version on Blackboard, are meant to help you engage in plenary discussions,
prepare the crisis scenario and undertake research analysis.
The readings for each module session aim to give you background knowledge about the
questions raised in the syllabus. The use of Blackboard allows students flexibility to
continue group dialogue beyond the traditional classroom.
IV. Methodology
The class is inspired by the tradition of critical pedagogy, which is an interest of mine in
education at Teachers College Columbia University. The method of inquiry in this class
is anchored in constructivist principles of learning. Each module includes a lecture to
frame the week’s topic and plenary discussion involving the entire learning community.
Computers may be used in class for note taking and relevant content-related searches.
Please respect your classmates and your learning potential by observing this rule at all
times. Through a study of various enlargements of the European Community/Union and
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specific policies, we explore the different theories of integration and assess their
relevance in the 21st century.
V. Course Activities
-‘How I Learn’ Essay (1-2 pages)
-Plenary Class Discussions
-Written Contributions to Atlantic-Community.org
-Oral Presentation (pertaining to a member state’s interests in Turkish accession)
-Crisis Scenario
-Final Paper (15-20 pages)
VI. Course Requirements and Grading
1. Attendance at lectures, active participation in plenary discussions incorporating
the use of Blackboard, and individual contributions to Atlantic-Community.org
make up an integral part of the course, including the ‘How I Learn’ essay in
which each student discusses an example or two of a prior constructive learning
experience. (40%)
2. The crisis scenario, including a preparatory oral presentation as well as
background research throughout the semester, offers students the opportunity to
think critically about the role of the European Council evaluating various theories
of European integration as these pertain to successive enlargements. Please see
the Appendix (Page 5) for an explanation of how the crisis scenario is to be
organized. (30%)
3. The final paper topic is chosen in consultation with me. Please drop by my office
or schedule an appointment by mid-semester to discuss your choice. See the
Appendix (Page 20) for a range of topic choices. (30%)
N.B. Absence Policy. In accordance with CGA/SCPS/NYU policy, more than three (3)
absences during a semester course will impact negatively on the final grade.
N.B. Incomplete Policy. Incompletes are only granted in extreme cases such as illness
or other family emergency and only where almost all work for the semester has been
successfully completed. A student’s procrastination in completing his/her paper is not a
basis for an Incomplete.
A. Attendance and Lateness Policy: All students must attend class regularly. Your
contribution to classroom learning is essential to the success of the course. Every student
must be in class on time. It is disruptive to classroom learning when someone enters the
room after class has started. Attendance and lateness will count in the calculation of final
grades. Attendance will be taken at the start of each class session.
B. Technology-Mediated Learning via Blackboard, Atlantic-Community.org: In
Blackboard the contributions reflect exchanges each week about the syllabus questions.
Each student is requested to contribute 1-2 postings per week that enrich the group’s
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discussion by the following Monday after each Wednesday class meeting. Please also
join Atlantic-Community.org and participate in policy dialogues of relevance to the
course.
In our learning community, technology is not intrinsically good or bad. It is the way in
which Skype, ITunes and Twitter, in addition to the Blackboard learning system, are used
that determines its impact as an educational tool or a brainwashing device for mindless
consumers. Our choice in Europe in the 21st Century is to use technology to reaffirm
diversity and facilitate inclusiveness rather than to promote homogeneity and perpetuate
exclusivity.
We may well ask in this course if technology-mediated learning is destined to remain an
academically elitist project for a select group. Years from now it may be one approach to
community building from dialogue. Our efforts this spring have the potential to establish
a norm that opens possibilities in global communication presently viewed as unattainable.
For this reason, our critical exchanges in the Blackboard forum and on AtlanticCommunity.org pave the way to a new frontier. The physical borders we redefine in our
classroom are those same borders we change in our minds.
C. Course Bibliography: This is a regional course that provides a foundation upon
which to build for your thesis research at New York University. Each student is required
to develop his/her own course bibliography, the ‘negotiated curriculum,’ according to
personal interests. Please use readings to orient your choices for each theory of European
integration and relate the materials to other courses you attend as part of your MSGA
Program, particularly the core offerings. Appointments are encouraged for one-on-one
mentoring discussions to accomplish our objectives in this context and maximize student
learning in the course.
Appendix
Crisis Scenario
A diplomat in one of the Union’s member state Permanent Missions to the United
Nations will join us to explain negotiating procedures in the European Council. The
learning community participants will make oral presentations about their countries
of choice in the crisis scenario, which explores Turkish enlargement as we look
ahead to 2017. Blackboard is used to present relevant factual information as well as
position briefs prior to the negotiation scenario.
15-20 Page Research Analysis for e-Portfolio
The research analysis will be due on April 28, the last day of class. Select a theory or
theories of European integration and assess its/their relevance to explain the
dynamics of your topic of choice.
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Structure the assignment as follows with headings in the text please: (I) Critique the
principles of the theory you choose to frame your analysis, focusing on its strengths and
weaknesses to explain the dynamics of European integration; (II) Present the context,
historical case or current event, which you have chosen to explore; (III) Assess the
relevance of theory to analyze the context of choice. Identify those aspects in context that
the theory cannot explain.
Cite the relevant course literature in bibliographic format within your research
analysis. The case analysis may eventually be posted online to begin the creation of
e-Portfolios for each member of the learning community to profile his/her work for
prospective employers. Each participant is required to submit a case analysis outline
to me in print form during the week of March 8th. No exceptions please!!
Please do not cite Wikipedia as a source. There are other encyclopedias available,
including Britannica Online, which are more appropriate sources.
Please consult ‘Guidelines for Research and Writing,’ a Word document posted to
Blackboard, to prepare your research analysis.
COURSE OUTLINE/ASSIGNMENTS
o Readings for Module Plenary Discussion
 Foreign Affairs Readings (archived web resources)
Carnegie Council YouTube Channel (archived video clips)
 YouTube/Perspectives on Europe Videos
 Independent Readings for Thesis Research
Module 1: The Perils of Nationalism and Foundations of Postwar Reconstruction Pluralism (January 20)
o Learning Community Participant Introductions, Course Outline, Explanation of
Pedagogy, Presentation of Methodology, “How I Learn” Narrative, Expectations
for Class Assignments, Questions
Orientation Questions: Why is nationalism relevant to the experience of European
states? What are the characteristics of pluralism as a theory of integration? What role
did the United States play in the postwar European context? Identify Jean Monnet and
define his goals for France and Europe in the international system. What is the nature
of the German problem?
o E.H. Carr. Nationalism and After. London: Macmillan, 1968.
o Charles Pentland. International Theory and European Integration. London: Faber
and Faber, 1973, pp. 29-63.
o Geir Lundestad. “Empire” by Integration The United States and European
Integration, 1945-1997. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998, pp. 1-39.
 Connor Cruise O’Brien, “The Wrath of Ages: Nationalism’s Primordial Roots,”
Foreign Affairs
November/December 1993 72 (5): 1-5 online,
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http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/49418/conor-cruise-o-brien/the-wrath-ofages-nationalism-s-primordial-roots
Carnegie Council YouTube Channel, Laurent Cohen-Tanugi: It’s A Multipolar
World, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EghlN8yV_OE
Recommended Texts (“negotiated curriculum” to develop questions for thesis research):

Isaiah Berlin. Against the Current Essays in the History of Ideas. Princeton and
Oxford: Princeton University Press, 1955, pp. 333-355.
 Fritz Stern. Five Germanys I Have Known. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux,
2006, pp. 3-193.
 François Duchêne. Jean Monnet The First Statesman of Interdependence. New
York and London: W. W. Norton & Company, 1994, pp. 147-80.
 Walt W. Rostow, ‘Marshall Plan Commemorative Sections: Lessons of the Plan:
Looking Forward to the Next Century,’ Foreign Affairs May/June 1997 76 (3): 14 online, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/53058/walt-w-rostow/marshallplan-commemorative-section-lessons-of-the-plan-lookingModule 2: The European Coal and Steel Community - “How I Learn” Narrative
Due (January 27)
Guest Speaker: Dr.Volker Berghahn, Seth Low Professor of History, Columbia
University
Use of Skype Technology for Global Outreach in the Learning Community
Orientation Questions: Why is the European Coal and Steel Community significant in
the postwar experience of European states? Define the interests of the original Six
member states in the initial Community? Discuss the different historical
interpretations of the United States role in European integration during this period.
Reflect on how the German question has evolved since this early period in light of its
experiences and in the words of its leaders, particularly Adenauer, Brandt and
Genscher.
o John Gillingham, “Jean Monnet and the European Coal and Steel Community: A
Preliminary Appraisal,” in Douglas Brinkley and Clifford Hackett, eds. Jean
Monnet: The Path to European Unity. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1991, pp.
129-62.
o Robert Marjolin, “What Type of Europe?,” in Douglas Brinkley and Clifford
Hackett, eds. Jean Monnet: The Path to European Unity. New York: St. Martin’s
Press, 1991, pp. 163-83.
o Geir Lundestad. “Empire” by Integration The United States and European
Integration, 1945-1997. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998, pp. 126-53.
o François Duchêne. Jean Monnet The First Statesman of Interdependence. New
York and London: W. W. Norton & Company, 1994, pp. 181-225.
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 Konrad Adenauer, “The German Problem, A World Problem,” Foreign Affairs
October 1962 41 (1): 1-3 online, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/23447/
konrad-adenauer/the-german-problem-a-world-problem
 Willy Brandt Discusses ‘German Unification and World Peace’ at DePauw,
http://www.depauw.edu/news/index.asp?id=17907
http://www.depauw.edu/av/ubben/willy-brandt2.mp3
 Fora.TV, German Unification Twenty Years Later – Hans-Dietrich Genscher,
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sXPFiWzcEx4
Recommended Texts (“negotiated curriculum” to develop questions for thesis research):

Fritz Stern. Five Germanys I Have Known. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux,
2006, pp. 194-303.
 Alan S. Milward. with the assistance of George Brennan and Federico Romero.
The European Rescue of the Nation-State. Second Edition. London and New
York: Routledge, 2000, pp. 1 – 118.
 François Duchêne, “Jean Monnet’s Methods,” in Douglas Brinkley and Clifford
Hackett, eds. Jean Monnet: The Path to European Unity. New York: St. Martin’s
Press, 1991, pp. 185-209.
 YouTube, Tight Trade Restrictions in Europe Just after WW2, http://www.
youtube.com/watch?v=x_cLQKGwmio
Module 3: The Original Six Member States / Defeat of the European Defense
Community – Functionalism (February 3)
Orientation Questions: Discuss the origins of the European ambition for a common
army? What are the characteristics of functionalism as a theory of integration? How
did conflict on the Korean peninsula influence the development of European defense
integration? Why was the European Defense Community defeated in the French
National Assembly? What is Eurocorps? Why is this joint initiative relevant in the
21st century?
o Charles Pentland. International Theory and European Integration. London: Faber
and Faber, 1973, pp. 64-99.
o François Duchêne. Jean Monnet The First Statesman of Interdependence. New
York and London: W. W. Norton & Company, 1994, pp. 226-57.
o Geir Lundestad. “Empire” by Integration The United States and European
Integration, 1945-1997. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998, pp. 40-57.
o Craig Parsons. A Certain Idea of Europe. Ithaca & London: Cornell University
Press, 2003, pp. 67-89.
 Altiero Spinelli, “Atlantic Pact or European Unity?,” Foreign Affairs July 1962
40 (4): 1-5
online, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/23416/altierospinelli/atlantic-pact-or-european-unity
 The reality of Eurocorps not yet fulfilled, http://www.youtube.com/watch
?v=1n0fDcVnbWU&feature=related
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Recommended Texts (“negotiated curriculum” to develop questions for thesis research):

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Raymond Aron. Memoirs Fifty Years of Political Reflection. New York and
London: Holmes & Meier, 1990, pp. 180-98.
Philip Gordon. A Certain Idea of France. Princeton: Princeton University Press,
1993, pp. 3-52.
Raymond Aron and Daniel Lerner, eds. France Defeats EDC. New York:
Praeger, 1957.
Module 4: The Institutions in the European Economic Community – NeoFunctionalism (February 10)
Orientation Questions: Why are the Community institutions significant in the history
of European integration? What are the characteristics of neo-functionalism as a theory
of integration? Discuss the roles of the European Commission, the Council of
Ministers, and the European Parliament in the policy making process. Distinguish
between the Monnet method and intergovernmental cooperation among states.
o Charles Pentland. International Theory and European Integration. London: Faber
and Faber, 1973, pp. 100-46.
o Helen Wallace, “The Institutions of the EU: Experience and Experiments” in
Helen Wallace and William Wallace. eds. Policy Making in the European Union.
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996, pp. 37-68.
o B. Guy Peters, “Bureaucratic Politics and the Institutions of the European
Community,” in Alberta M. Sbragia, ed. Euro-Politics Institutions and Policy
Making in the “New” European Community. Washington, DC: The Brookings
Institution, 1992, pp. 75-122.
 Paul-Henri Spaak, “The Search for Consensus,” Foreign Affairs January 1965 43
(2):
1-5
online,
http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/23657/paul-henrispaak/the-search-for-consensus
 European Navigator, The Authoritative Multimedia Reference on the History of
Europe, The Signing of the Rome Treaties, Interviews with Statesmen (in French,
German and English), http://www.ena.lu/
Recommended Texts (“negotiated curriculum” to develop questions for thesis research):

Helen Wallace, “An Institutional Anatomy and Five Policy Modes,” in Helen
Wallace, William Wallace, and Mark A. Pollack, eds. Policy-Making in the
European Union. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005, pp. 49-90.
 Alan S. Milward. with the assistance of George Brennan and Federico Romero.
The European Rescue of the Nation-State. Second Edition. London and New
York: Routledge, 2000, pp. 318 – 344.
 Frank Church, “US Policy and the ‘New Europe,’” Foreign Affairs October 1966
45 (1): 1-5 online, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/23832/frank-church/us-policy-and-the-new-europe
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Module 5: Enlarging From Six to Nine: Difficulties of British Accession and
European
Political
Cooperation
–
Federalism
vs.
Intergovernmentalism (February 17)
Orientation Questions: Discuss the differences between Charles De Gaulle and Walter
Hallstein in the early years of the European Economic Community. Why did the
General veto Britain’s applications to accede to the European Communities? What
are the characteristics of federalism as a theory of integration? Define
intergovernmentalism with concrete examples of states with this vision of European
cooperation. Explain the interests of the states in the first enlargement of the
European Community.
Oral Presentations
o Charles Pentland. International Theory and European Integration. London: Faber
and Faber, 1973, pp. 147-86.
o Geir Lundestad. “Empire” by Integration The United States and European
Integration, 1945-1997. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998, pp. 58-107.
o Philippe de Schoutheete. The Case for Europe. Boulder and London: Lynne
Rienner, 2000, pp. ix-40.
 Paul-Henri Spaak, “Hold Fast,” Foreign Affairs July 1963 41 (4): 1-4 online,
http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/23520/paul-henri-spaak/hold-fast
 European Navigator, The Authoritative Multimedia Reference on the History of
Europe, The United Kingdom and its Applications for Accession to the Common
Market, Interviews with Statesmen (in French, German and English),
http://www.ena.lu/
 YouTube, Sir Edward Heath signs EEC Treaty of Accession 1 January 1973,
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6ouLu4Vncqs
Recommended Texts (“negotiated curriculum” to develop questions for thesis research):

Stanley Hoffmann, “Obstinate or Obsolete? France, European Integration and the
Fate of the Nation-State,” in The European Sisyphus. Essays on Europe, 19641994. Boulder and Oxford: Westview Press, Inc., 1995, pp. 71-106.
 Simon J. Nuttall. European Political Cooperation. Oxford: Clarendon Press,
1992, pp. 1-80.
 J. H. Huizinga, ‘Which Way Europe?,’ Foreign Affairs April 1965 43 (3): 1-7
online,
http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/23690/j-h-huizinga/which-wayeurope
 Harold van B. Cleveland, “The Common Market After De Gaulle,” Foreign
Affairs July 1969 47 (4): 1-7 online, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/24090
/ harold-van-b-cleveland/the-common-market-after-de-gaulle
 Edward L. Morse, “Why the Malaise?,” Foreign Affairs January 1973 51 (2): 1-6
online,
http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/24407/edward-l-morse/why-themalaise
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Module 6: From Nine to Ten to Twelve: The Mediterranean Accession and the
Relaunch of Europe via Treaty Reform (February 24)
Orientation Questions: Why was the accession of Greece, Spain, and Portugal to the
European Community significant economically, politically, and socially for those
countries? Discuss the importance of the Single European Act in the history of
European integration? What was the 1992 initiative? What role did European
Commission President Jacques Delors play in this period? Explain the purpose of the
structural funds as the Community enlarged.
Oral Presentations
o David R. Cameron, “The 1992 Initiative: Causes and Consequences,” in Alberta
M. Sbragia, ed. Euro-Politics Institutions and Policy Making in the “New”
European Community. Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution, 1992, pp. 2374.
o Andrew Moravcsik, “Negotiating the Single European Act: National Interests and
Conventional Statecraft in the European Community,” International Organization
45, 1 (1991): 651-88.
o Gary Marks, “Structural Policy in the European Community,” in Alberta M.
Sbragia, ed. Euro-Politics Institutions and Policy Making in the “New” European
Community. Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution, 1992, pp. 191-224.
o Philippe de Schoutheete. The Case for Europe. Boulder and London: Lynne
Rienner, 2000, pp. 41-69.
 David Watt, ‘The European Initiative,’ Foreign Affairs America and the World
1978 57 (3): 1-9 online, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/31966/davidwatt/the-european-initiative
 Stanley Hoffmann, ‘The European Community and 1992,’ Foreign Affairs Fall
1989 68 (4): 1-10 online, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/44890/stanleyhoffmann/the-european-community-and-1992
 European Navigator, The Authoritative Multimedia Reference on the History of
Europe, 1980-1986 Enlargement to the South and the Single European Act, News
Articles, Speeches, Official Documents, Interviews with Statesmen (in French,
German and English), http://www.ena.lu/
Recommended Texts (“negotiated curriculum” to develop questions for thesis research):

Stanley Hoffmann, “Reflections on the Nation-State in Western Europe Today,”
in The European Sisyphus. Essays on Europe, 1964-1994. Boulder and Oxford:
Westview Press, Inc., 1995, pp. 211-26.
 John C. Loulis, ‘Papandreou’s Foreign Policy,’ Foreign Affairs Winter 1984/85
63 (2): 1-7 online, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/39389/john-cloulis/papandreous-foreign-policy?page=show
 Helen Wallace and Alasdair Young, “The Single Market,” in Helen Wallace,
William Wallace, and Mark A. Pollack, eds. Policy Making in the European
Union. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005, pp. 93-112.
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Module 7: From Twelve to Fifteen: Analyzing the Dynamics in Europe’s Union:
Implications for Transatlantic Relations (March 3)
PUBLIC EVENTS: In Print With James F. Hoge, Jr.
Jack F. Matlock, Jr. Superpower Illusions: How Myths and False Ideologies Led
America Astray – And How to Return to Reality
Orientation Questions: Discuss the dynamics of German unification, the end of
Europe’s division, and the implications of these changes for European integration.
What were the objectives of the Intergovernmental Conferences on Economic and
Monetary Union and Political Union? Define the interests of the different member
states during the intergovernmental conferences.
Oral Presentations
o Philippe de Schoutheete. The Case for Europe. Boulder and London: Lynne
Rienner, 2000, pp. 71-106.
o Stanley Hoffmann, “The Case for Leadership,” in The European Sisyphus. Essays
on Europe, 1964-1994. Boulder and Oxford: Westview Press, Inc., 1995, pp. 26779.
o Geir Lundestad. “Empire” by Integration The United States and European
Integration, 1945-1997. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998, pp. 108-53.
o Colette Mazzucelli, “A Separate Peace? Economic Stabilization-Development and
the New Faultline of European Security,” in Carl Cavanagh Hodge, ed.
Redefining European Security. New York and London: Garland, 1999, pp. 73-92.
 Claude Imbert, “The End of French Exceptionalism,” Foreign Affairs Fall 1989
68 (4): 1-6
online, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/44892/claudeimbert/the-end-of-french-exceptionalism
 Charles A. Kupchan, ‘Reviving the West: For an Atlantic Union,’ Foreign Affairs
May-June 1996 75 (3): 1-6 online, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/52041/
charles-a-kupchan/reviving-the-west-for-an-atlantic-union
 European Navigator, The Authoritative Multimedia Reference on the History of
Europe, The Treaty on European Union, News Articles, Speeches, Official
Documents, Interviews with Statesmen (in French, German and English),
http://www.ena.lu/
Recommended Texts (“negotiated curriculum” to develop questions for thesis research):


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Fritz Stern. Five Germanys I Have Known. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux,
2006, pp. 399-520.
Stanley Hoffmann, “Balance, Concert, Anarchy, or None of the Above,” in The
European Sisyphus. Essays on Europe, 1964-1994. Boulder and Oxford:
Westview Press, Inc., 1995, pp. 281-300.

Andrew Moravcsik. “Idealism and Interest in the European Community: The Case
of the French Referendum” French Politics & Society, Vol. 11, No. 1 (Winter
1993): 45-69.
 Walter Goldstein, “Europe After Maastricht,” Foreign Affairs Winter 1992/93 71
(5): 1-7 online, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/48468/walter-goldstein/
europe-after-maastricht
 Ronald Tiersky, “Mitterrand’s Legacies,” Foreign Affairs January/February 1995
74 (1): 1-4 online, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/50572/ronald-tiersky/
mitterrands-legacies
Module 8: A Federation by Any Other Name… or an Empire? From the Fifteen to
the Twenty Five: European Monetary Union (March 10)
Guest Speaker: Mr. Staffan Hemra, Permanent Mission of Sweden to the United
Nations
Use of Skype Technology for Global Outreach in the Learning Community
Orientation Questions: Discuss the dynamics of Economic and Monetary Union in
the 1990s. Why was EMU so important to the integration process? Define the
convergence criteria the member states had to fulfill to join in the first wave? Why
did Britain not join EMU?
o Kathleen R. McNamara. “Economic and Monetary Union,” in Helen Wallace,
William Wallace, and Mark A. Pollack eds. Policy Making in the European
Union. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005, pp. 141-60.
o Jan Zielonka. Europe as Empire. The Nature of the Enlarged European Union.
Oxford: Oxford Univesity Press, 2007, 1-22.
o Adam S. Posen, “Who Will Sustain Globalization?,” Current History November
2009, http://www.currenthistory.com/article-category.php?ID=13
 Peter Sutherland, ‘The Case for EMU: More Than Money,’ Foreign Affairs
January/February 1997 76 (1): 1-3 online, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/
52635/peter-sutherland/the-case-for-emu-more-than-money
 YouTube, Thatcher “No! No! No!,” http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
U2f8nYMCO2I
Recommended Texts (“negotiated curriculum” to develop questions for thesis research):



Amy Verdun, “An American-European Divide in European Integration Studies,”
in Erik Jones and Amy Verdun, eds. The Political Economy of European
Integration pp. 11- 24.
Michel R. Gueldry. France and European Integration Toward a Transnational
Polity? Westport, CT: Prager, 2001, pp. 119-46.
Loukas Tsoukalis. “Economic and Monetary Union” in Helen Wallace and
William Wallace, eds. Policy Making in the European Union. Oxford: Oxford
University Press, 2000, pp. 149-78.
13

Amy Verdun and Tal Sadeh. ‘Explaining Europe's Monetary Union: A Survey of
the Literature,’ International Studies Review, Vol 11 No 2 (June) 2009, pp. 277301.
Module 9: Enlargements in Historical Perspective: From the Twenty Five to the
Twenty Seven – The Impact of Cohesion and Globalization in a
Larger Union (March 24)
Guest Speaker (via Skype, Facebook and Twitter): Dr. István Hegedűs, Chairman,
(President) Hungarian Europe Society
Orientation Questions: Explain the challenges facing countries in central and eastern
Europe to join the European Union considering the Hungarian case. What was the
rationale behind the big bang enlargement in 2004? How is the Union responding to
the dynamics of globalization? Has the accession to Romania and Bulgaria
complicated European decision-making? How does Zielonka define the Union?
o István Hegedüs, “After the accession talks, facing the referendum,” Central
European Political Science Review, 2003, http://www.europatarsasag.hu/index.
php?option=com_content&task=view&id=106& Itemid =32
o Ulrich Sedelmeier, “Towards a European EU,” in Helen Wallace, William
Wallace, and Mark A. Pollack eds. Policy Making in the European Union.
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005, pp. 401-28.
o Jan Zielonka. Europe as Empire. The Nature of the Enlarged European Union.
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007, 91-115.
o Dominique Moïsi. The Geopolitics of Emotion. New York: Doubleday, 2009, pp.
90-128.
o Colette Mazzucelli, “The Future of the European Union and Implications for
European-American Cooperation: An Interview with Secretary General Jürgen
Trumpf, Parliamentary State Secretary István Szent-Iványi and Ambassador
Carlos Westendorp,” ECSA Review IX, 3 (Fall 1996): 14-21
Carnegie Council YouTube Channel, George Friedman: Poland as a Great Power,
http://www.youtube.com/carnegiecouncil#p/u/275/ETwCBz_kedU
Recommended Texts (“negotiated curriculum” to develop questions for thesis research):

Tony Judt. Postwar A History of Europe Since 1945. New York: The Penguin
Press, 2005, pp. 749-800.
 Kalypso Nicolaïdis. “We, the Peoples of Europe…” Foreign Affairs,
November/December 2006 83 (6): 1-6 online, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/
articles /60273/kalypso-nicolaidis/we-the-peoples-of-europe
 YouTube, Alex Romanovich on CNBC, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v
=I4ymeOjMTKE
14
Module 10: Questions of Comparative Regional Integration (March 31)
Guest Speaker: Professor Everett Meyers, Center for Global Affairs, New York
University
Use of Skype Technology for Global Outreach in the Learning Community
Orientation Questions: Discuss the ways in which European integration may be
relevant for Asia. How does Moïsi define the Asian experience in terms of the
geopolitics of emotion compared to that of European states? How does Leonard
analyze Europe’s role in this century?
o Dominique Moïsi. The Geopolitics of Emotion. New York: Doubleday, 2009, pp.
1-56.
o Mark Leonard. Why Europe Will Run the 21st Century. New York, Public Affairs,
2005.
o Joshua Kurlantzick, “The New Schizophrenia: Asia Between Integration and
Isolation,” Current History January 2010, http://www.currenthistory.com/
o Jan Zielonka. Europe as Empire. The Nature of the Enlarged European Union.
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007, 117-63.
o Geir Lundestad. “Empire” by Integration The United States and European
Integration, 1945-1997. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998, pp. 154-69.
o David P. Calleo, “How to Govern a Multipolar World,” Current History
November 2009, http://www.currenthistory.com/article-category.php ?ID=13
 Adrian Karatnycky and Alexander J. Motyl, “The Key to Kiev,” Foreign Affairs
May/June 2009 88 (3): 1-7 online, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/64953/
adrian-karatnycky-and-alexander-j-motyl/the-key-to-kiev
Carnegie Council YouTube Channel, Ian Bremmer: G-20 Observations,
http://www.youtube.com/user/carnegiecouncil#p/search/1/rqW_q0wNEVM
Recommended Texts (“negotiated curriculum” to develop questions for thesis research):

Philomena Murray, ed. Europe and Asia: Regions in Flux. Houndmills,
Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008.
 Manuel Lafont Rapnouil, “A European View on the Future of Multilateralism,”
The Washington Quarterly July 2009 32 (3): 181-96.
 Anne-Marie Slaughter, The Real New World Order, Foreign Affairs
September/October 1997 76 (5): 1-6 online, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/
articles/53399/anne-marie-slaughter/the-real-new-world-order
Carnegie Council YouTube Channel, Anne-Marie Slaughter: Int’l Institutions,
http://www.youtube.com/carnegiecouncil#p/u/283/PUHjqv-mSUE
 Bill Emmott, “Managing the International System over the Next Ten Years,” in
Managing the International System over the Next Ten Years: Three Essays A
Report to the Trilateral Commission. New York, Paris and Tokyo: The Trilateral
Commission, 1997, pp. 1-28.
15
 John Edwin Mroz and Oleksandr Pavliuk, ‘Ukraine: Europe’s Lynchpin
Preserving Independence,’ Foreign Affairs May-June 1996 75 (3): 1-5 online,
http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/52038/john-edwin-mroz-and-oleksandr-pa
vliuk/ukraine-europe%C3%82%E2%80%99s-linchpin-preserving-independence
 Erik Gartzke, “Power Shuffle: Will the Coming Transition Be Peaceful?,”
Current History November 2009, http://www.currenthistory.com/articlecategory.php?ID=13
Module 11: European Treaty Reform: From Maastricht to Lisbon and Beyond
(April 7)
Guest Speaker: Mrs. Ceta Noland, Permanent Mission of the Netherlands to the
United Nations
Use of Skype Technology for Global Outreach in the Learning Community
Orientation Questions: Constrast Moravcsik’s liberal intergovernmentalism with the
analyses of Parsons and Beach to explain European treaty reform. Situate treaty
reforms since Maastricht, particularly in foreign and security policy, in the context of
transatlantic relations. Did the Union require a Constitution? Why did France and the
Netherlands reject the Constitutional Treaty? Why did Ireland reject the Lisbon
Treaty? Identify some of the major innovations of the Lisbon Treaty.
o Andrew Moravcsik. The Choice for Europe. Ithaca: Cornell University Press,
1998, pp. 379-471.
o Craig Parsons. A Certain Idea of Europe. Ithaca & London: Cornell University
Press, 2003, pp. 202-30.
o Derek Beach. The Dynamics of European Integration. Why and When EU
Institutions Matter. Houndmills, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005, pp.
o Colette Mazzucelli. France and Germany at Maastricht Politics and Negotiations
to Create the European Union. New York and London: Garland Publishing, Inc,
1999, second edition, paperback, pp. 174-95.
 Laurent Cohen-Tanugi, “The End of Europe?,” Foreign Affairs
November/December 2005 84 (6): 1- 6 online, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/
articles/61198/laurent-cohen-tanugi/the-end-of-europe
 YouTube Channel, EU Ambassador to the US, John Bruton, on the Lisbon Treaty,
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NVi6PESPopA&feature=related
 YouTube Channel, Ireland to hold referendum on EU’s Lisbon Treaty,
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6GnUL69fjNs&feature=related
Carnegie Council YouTube Channel, Nikolas Gvosdev: The New Global Order,
http://www.youtube.com/carnegiecouncil#p/u/425/JCDqNrOIEZ0
Recommended Texts (“negotiated curriculum” to develop questions for thesis research):

16
Colette Mazzucelli, “Drawing Lessons in the Chair: Assessing the Dutch
Presidency’s Impact during the Maastricht and Amsterdam Conferences,” in





Derek Beach and Colette Mazzucelli, eds. Leadership in the big bangs of
European integration. Houndmills, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007, pp.
38-57.
Simon J. Nuttall. European Foreign Policy. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2000, pp.
149-275.
Stephen F. Szabo. Parting Ways: The Crisis in German-American Relations.
Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution, 2004.
Colette Mazzucelli, “The French Rejection of the European Constitutional Treaty:
Two-Level Games Revisited,” in Finn Laursen, ed. The Rise and Fall of the EU’s
Constitutional Treaty. Leiden and Boston: Nijhoff/Brill, 2008, pp. 161-79.
Derek Beach. The Dynamics of European Integration. Why and When EU
Institutions Matter. Houndmills, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005, pp.
214-44.
Colette Mazzucelli, “Leadership in the European Union: Assessing the
Significance of the Trio Council Presidency,” in Joseph Masciulli, Mikhail A.
Molchanov, and W. Andy Knight, eds. The Ashgate Research Companion to
Political Leadership. Ashgate, 2009, pp. 309-33.
Module 12: The Limits and Strengths of Europe as a Global Actor: Proliferation
and E3 Diplomacy with Iran (April 14)
Guest Speaker: Ambassador Richard Butler, Center for Global Affairs, New York
University
Use of Skype Technology for Global Outreach in the Learning Community
Orientation Questions: Discuss the challenges of proliferation, as identified by Butler,
and the Union’s response, as defined by Leonard. Contrast Kagan’s arguments with
those of Nicolaïdis in thinking about America and Europe in the 21st century. How
does Wallace explain the evolution of the European Union’s foreign and security
policy?
o Richard Butler. Fatal Choice. Boulder: Westview Press, 2001.
o Mark Leonard. Can EU diplomacy stop Iran’s nuclear programme? Brussels:
Centre for European Reform, 2005.
o Colette Mazzucelli, “E3 Diplomacy with Iran Reaching the Limits of the
European Union as a Global Actor,” in Finn Laursen, ed. The EU in the Global
Political Economy. Nijhoff/Brill, 2009, pp. 315-39.
o Robert Kagan. Of Paradise and Power. America and Europe in the New World
Order. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2003.
o Kalypso Nicolaïdis, “The Power of the Superpowerless,” in Tod Lindberg, ed.
Beyond Paradise and Power: Europe, America, and the Future of a Troubled
Partnership, Routledge, 2004.
o William Wallace, “Foreign and Security Policy The Painful Path from Shadow to
Substance,” in Helen Wallace, William Wallace, and Mark A. Pollack, eds. Policy
17
Making in the European Union. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005, pp. 42956.
 Timothy Garten Ash, ‘Europe’s Endangered Liberal Order,’ Foreign Affairs
March/April 1998 77 (2): 1-7 online, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles
/53806/timothy-garton-ash/europes-endangered-liberal-order
Carnegie Council YouTube Channel, Amb. Thomas Pickering: U.S.-Iran
Relations, http://www.youtube.com/user/carnegiecouncil#p/search/8/cw5EvbfY3
8Q
 YouTube Channel, John Bruton, ‘the EU’s man in Washington,’
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8EQdrdtLlPY
o Stephanie Anderson, Interest Section Sponsors Symposium on Transatlantic
Relations with Ambassador John Bruton, EUSA Review Summer 2008,
http://www.eustudies.org/publications_review_summer08.php#list-3
Recommended Texts (“negotiated curriculum” to develop questions for thesis research):





Reinhardt Rummel, ed. with the assistance of Colette Mazzucelli. The Evolution
of an International Actor: Western Europe's New Assertiveness. Boulder &
Oxford: Westview Press, 1990.
Elizabeth Pond. Friendly Fire. Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution, 2004.
Robert Cooper. The Breaking of Nations Order and Chaos in the Twenty-First
Century. New York: Atlantic Monthly Press, 2003.
Laurent Cohen-Tanugi. An Alliance at Risk. The United States and Europe since
September 11. Baltimore and London: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2003.
Colette Mazzucelli, “The Importance of Europe’s Strategic and Diplomatic
Cultures,” in Michel Gueldry, ed. How Globalizing Professions Deal with
National Languages: Studies in Cultural Conflict and Cooperation. New York:
Edwin Mellen Press, 2009, not yet released, (as PDF), pp. 1-21.
Module 13: Future Accession Candidates (April 21)
Guest Speaker: Professor Oya Dursun-Özkanca, Elizabethtown College
Use of Skype Technology for Global Outreach in the Learning Community
Orientation Questions: What are the challenges to Turkish accession to the European
Union? Assess the options for Turkey in terms of its relations with the Union.
Identify other candidates in line to join the Union. Explain the arguments Gordon and
Taspinar make to address Turkey’s relations with America and Europe.
o Oya Dursun-Özkanca, “Turkey: The Potential Impact of EU Membership” in
Sven Biscop and Johan Lembke, eds. EU Enlargement & the Transatlantic
Alliance. Boulder and London: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2008, pp. 119 -136.
Carnegie Council YouTube Channel, Ann Dismorr: Turkey Decoded,
http://www.cceia.org/resources/video/data/000220
18
o Philip H. Gordon and Omer Taspinar. Winning Turkey. Washington, DC: The
Brookings Institution, 2008.
o Jan Zielonka. Europe as Empire. The Nature of the Enlarged European Union.
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007, 164-91.
 David L. Phillips, “Turkey’s Dreams of Accession,” Foreign Affairs
September/October 2004 83 (5): 1-5 online, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/
articles/60100/david-l-phillips/turkeys-dreams-of-accession
 Philip H. Gordon, “Their Own Army?,” Foreign Affairs July/August 2000 79
(4): 1-4 online, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/56229/philip-h-gordon/
their-own-army
Carnegie Council YouTube Channel, Russia, Iran, and Turkey (Political Futures
Jan
09),
http://www.youtube.com/user/carnegiecouncil#p/search/1/TEDvLWAdX0
Recommended Texts (“negotiated curriculum” to develop questions for thesis research):


Kori Schake. The US elections and Europe: The coming crisis of high
expectations. Brussels: Centre for European Reform, 2007.
Rajan Menon, “Pax Americana and the Rising Powers,” Current History
November 2009, http://www.currenthistory.com/article-category.php?ID =13
Carnegie Council YouTube Channel, Ann Dismorr: Women’s Rights in Turkey,
http://www.youtube.com/user/carnegiecouncil#p/search/3/45IL-Qibo4Q
Carnegie
Council
YouTube
Channel,
France
and
Burqas,
http://www.youtube.com/carnegiecouncil#p/u/143/v5VbiqgGu4c
Module 14: European Council Crisis Scenario – Negotiation Dynamics of
Enlargement to Turkey circa 2017 (April 28)
Orientation Questions: Follow up in European Council negotiations on the basis of
the oral presentations in earlier module sessions and individual member state papers
on Blackboard to address the crisis scenario pertaining to Turkish enlargement.
 Soner Cagaptay, “Is Turkey Leaving the West?,” Foreign Affairs 2009: 1-2
online,
http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/65634/soner-cagaptay/is-turkeyleaving-the-west
Carnegie Council YouTube Channel, Ann Dismorr: Where is Turkey Heading?,
http://www.youtube.com/user/carnegiecouncil#p/search/4/FwZwB6R9FIc
Recommended Texts (“negotiated curriculum” to develop questions for thesis research):
 Michael S. Teitelbaum and Philip L. Martin, “Is Turkey Ready for Europe?”
Foreign
Affairs
May/June
2003
82
(3):
1-6
online,
http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/58977/michael-s-teitelbaum-and-philip-lmartin/is-turkey-ready-for-europe
Carnegie Council YouTube Channel, Ann Dismorr: Turkish Foreign Policy,
http://www.youtube.com/user/carnegiecouncil#p/search/2/VAtkuzaLiI4
19
Potential Research Topics
1. Has the 2007 enlargement to 27 member states, including Romania and Bulgaria,
paralyzed the Union’s decision making?
2. Did the European Union require a Constitution? If so, what were the goals of the
2007 German Presidency in this context?
3. How has Germany’s European policy changed in the last decade after the Kohl
era?
4. Is NATO still relevant to European security in the aftermath of the demise of the
former Soviet Union?
5. How do energy politics impact on the Union’s relationship with Russia? Why is
this significant in a post 9/11-11/9 environment?
6. Choose one of the Union’s newer members and assess the impact of enlargement
on its economic, political and social evolution.
7. What did the failure of referenda in the France, the Netherlands and Ireland reveal
about popular attitudes toward European integration?
8. What are the options for America’s policy toward European integration after the
Cold War?
9. Discuss the differences between the US and several of its European allies regarding
the Iraq crisis. How should the US and Europe cooperate today in Iraq?
10. Should Turkey be a member of the European Union? Discuss the pros and cons of
this question and the likelihood of Turkish enlargement in the near future.
11. How should Europe address its Muslim populations in various member states, i.e.
Germany, France, or the Netherlands?
12. What are the perspectives for enlargement to the Balkan states in the medium to
long term?
13. Is the French-German relationship still the ‘motor’ of European integration? If
not, is there a new ‘engine’ likely to take its place?
14. Discuss the ways in which European integration may be a model for closer
regional development in Asia over time.
15. Is there a new ‘great project’ after the Euro to sustain European integration? If so,
identify this area and explain its relevance to integration today.
20