Frame Relay Lab: Physical Interfaces, Point-to-point Ethernet 0 172.25.10.1/24 S0/DTE 172.25.1.1 RouterA DLCI=100 S0 DCE S1 DCE Frame Relay Sw itch (Router) PVC Router A (DTE) version 12.0 ! hostname RouterA ! interface Serial0 ip address 172.25.1.1 255.255.255.0 encapsulation frame-relay frame-relay lmi-type ansi ! interface FastEthernet0 ip address 172.25.10.1 255.255.255.0 no keepalive ! router rip network 172.25.0.0 Router B (DTE) version 12.0 ! hostname RouterB ! interface Serial0 ip address 172.25.1.2 255.255.255.0 encapsulation frame-relay frame-relay lmi-type ansi ! interface FastEthernet0 ip address 172.25.20.1 255.255.255.0 no keepalive ! router rip network 172.25.0.0 1 S0/DTE 172.25.1.2 DLCI=101 RouterB Ethernet 0 172.25.20.1/24 Frame Relay Switch (DCE) Current configuration: ! hostname FrameSwitch ! frame-relay switching ! interface Serial0 no ip address encapsulation frame-relay clockrate 56000 frame-relay lmi-type ansi frame-relay intf-type dce frame-relay route 100 interface Serial1 101 interface Serial1 no ip address encapsulation frame-relay clockrate 56000 frame-relay lmi-type ansi frame-relay intf-type dce frame-relay route 101 interface Serial0 100 Notes: 1. A router is not normally used as a Frame Relay switch. This feature is typically sued in test and demonstration situations. 2. Loopback interface can be used to simulate actual physical interfaces. 3. The Frame Relay switch is acting as the DCE device, which would be a normal situation. 2 Lab 1: Inverse ARP Save running-configs to startup-configs Reboot Frame Relay switch After Frame Relay switch has rebooted, reboot RouterA and RouterB Monitoring and Testing the Configuration On the Frame Relay Switch, perform the following commands: 1. Router# show frame-relay route FrameSwitch#show frame-relay route Input Intf Input Dlci Output Intf Serial0 100 Serial1 Serial1 101 Serial0 Output Dlci 101 100 Status active active At your appropriate router, RouterA or RouterB, perform the following commands: 1. Router# show inter s 0 What is the encapsulation? What is the LMI type and other LMI information? Is the router DTE or DCE? RouterA#show inter s 0 Serial0 is up, line protocol is up Hardware is PowerQUICC Serial Internet address is 172.25.1.1/24 MTU 1500 bytes, BW 128 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255 Encapsulation FRAME-RELAY, loopback not set Keepalive set (10 sec) LMI enq sent 132, LMI stat recvd 132, LMI upd recvd 0, DTE LMI up LMI enq recvd 0, LMI stat sent 0, LMI upd sent 0 LMI DLCI 0 LMI type is ANSI Annex D frame relay DTE Broadcast queue 0/64, broadcasts sent/dropped 93/0, interface broadcasts 49 (Partial Output) 2. Router# show frame-relay map What IP address is it showing and how did it get it? What is it dynamic and not static? (Inverse ARP!) RouterA#show frame-relay map Serial0 (up): ip 172.25.1.2 dlci 100(0x64,0x1840), dynamic, broadcast,, status defined, active 3 3. Router# show frame-relay pvc What is the DLCI number and why? What is the PVC status? What other information is it giving you? RouterA#show frame-relay pvc PVC Statistics for interface Serial0 (Frame Relay DTE) Local Switched Unused Active 1 0 0 Inactive 0 0 0 Deleted 0 0 0 Static 0 0 0 DLCI = 100, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial0 input pkts 130 output pkts 127 in bytes 22121 out bytes 21802 dropped pkts 0 in FECN pkts 0 in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0 out BECN pkts 0 in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0 out bcast pkts 107 out bcast bytes 19722 pvc create time 00:25:50, last time pvc status changed 00:25:40 4. Router# show ip route What is the routing table showing you? Does it show both the directly connected and the remote Loopback networks? RouterA#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, Gateway of last resort is not set R C C 172.25.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets 172.25.20.0 [120/1] via 172.25.1.2, 00:00:16, Serial0 172.25.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0 172.25.10.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0 5. Router# ping remote-router-ip-address Can you ping the remote router’s serial interface? (Yes) Can you ping the remote router’s loopback interface? (Yes) 6. Router# show frame-relay lmi What is the LMI type? RouterA#show frame-relay lmi LMI Statistics for interface Serial0 (Frame Relay DTE) LMI TYPE = ANSI Invalid Unnumbered info 0 Invalid Prot Disc 0 Invalid dummy Call Ref 0 Invalid Msg Type 0 Invalid Status Message 0 Invalid Lock Shift 0 Invalid Information ID 0 Invalid Report IE Len 0 Invalid Report Request 0 Invalid Keep IE Len 0 Num Status Enq. Sent 180 Num Status msgs Rcvd 180 Num Update Status Rcvd 0 Num Status Timeouts 0 4 LAB 2: Frame-Relay Map Statements (No Inverse ARP) We will now disable inverse-arp on the routers and replace the inverse-arp process with frame-relay map statements. Remember, you can either one of these, but not both! (Note: There are times when this will work, but unexpected results may occur. See my presentation on Frame Relay configurations to understand why.) Removing Inverse-ARP and Configuring Frame-Relay map statements 1. At both routers, RouterA and RouterB, do: Router(config)# inter s 0 Router(config-if)# no frame-relay inverse-arp <- Disables inverse-arp Router(config-if)# shutdown <- Wait about 30 seconds. Router(config-if)# no shutdown 2. Perform the following commands and examine the results: Router# show inter s 0 (No change) Router# show frame-relay map (No results) Router# show frame-relay pvc (DLCI Usage = Unused) Router# clear ip route * Router# show ip route (Will only see directly connected networks) Router# ping remote-router-ip-addresses (Cannot ping remote interfaces) 3. Lets replace inverse-arp with frame-relay map statements: At RouterA: RouterA(config)# inter s 0 RouterA(config-if)# frame-relay map ip 172.25.1.2 100 What is the 172.25.1.2 and the 100? At RouterB: RouterB(config)# inter s 0 RouterB(config-if)# frame-relay map ip 172.25.1.1 101 What is the 172.25.1.1 and the 101? 5 Monitoring and Testing the Configuration At your appropriate router, RouterA or RouterB, perform the following commands: 1. Why did you use the ip address and DLCI number as given in the previous step? 2. Router# show frame-relay map What IP address is it showing? What is it dynamic and not static? RouterA#show frame-relay map Serial0 (up): ip 172.25.1.2 dlci 100(0x64,0x1840), static, CISCO, status defined, active 3. Router# show frame-relay pvc (DLCI Usage = Local) 4. Router# show ip route What is the routing table showing you? Does it show the remote Ethernet networks? Why not? RouterA#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, Gateway of last resort is not set C C 172.25.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets 172.25.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0 172.25.10.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0 5.. Router# ping remote-router-ip-address Can you ping the remote router’s serial interface? (Yes) Can you ping the remote router’s Ethernet interface? (No) What is the problem? 6. Solution: RIP uses broadcasts to exchange routing tables. Change the frame-relay map statesments to the following: At RouterA: RouterA(config)# inter s 0 RouterA(config-if)# frame-relay map ip 172.25.1.2 100 broadcast At RouterB: RouterB(config)# inter s 0 RouterB(config-if)# frame-relay map ip 172.25.1.1 101 broadcast 6 7. Note: To clear and update the DLCIs and the routing tables: shutdown the serial interfaces no shutdown the serial interfaces clear the routing tables: clear ip route * If that doesn’t work, save your running-configs and reboot RouterA and RouterB 8. Now look at the routing tables: RouterA#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, Gateway of last resort is not set R C C 172.25.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets 172.25.20.0 [120/1] via 172.25.1.2, 00:00:02, Serial0 172.25.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0 172.25.10.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0 9. Notice the new information in the frame-relay map: RouterA#show frame-relay map Serial0 (up): ip 172.25.1.2 dlci 100(0x64,0x1840), static, broadcast, CISCO, status defined, active 10. Can you ping all interfaces? (Yes!) RouterA#ping 172.25.1.2 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.25.1.2, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 64/64/64 ms RouterA#ping 172.25.20.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.25.20.1, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 64/64/68 ms 11. Note: Look at the running-config: Even if you did not use the command, no framerelay inverse-arp , when you use the frame-relay map statements, inverse-arp is automatically disabled and the command no frame-relay inverse-arp is automatically put into the running config! interface Serial0 ip address 172.25.1.1 255.255.255.0 encapsulation frame-relay frame-relay lmi-type ansi frame-relay map ip 172.25.1.2 100 broadcast no frame-relay inverse-arp (Happens automatically when frame-relay map statement is used. 7 LAB 3: Configuring LMI Autosense (No frame-relay lmi-type) We will remove the command, frame-relay lmi-type ansiand see what happens. (Note: You must be running Cisco IOS version 11.2 or higher.) This lab may be done using inverse-arp, as in Lab 1, or with frame-relay map statements, as in Lab 2. Removing the LMI 1. To remove the lmi-type, at both routers, RouterA and Router B, the command is: Router(config-if)# shutdown Router(config-if)# no frame-relay lmi-type ansi Router(config-if)# no shutdown The interface should now be configured as: RouterA Example: interface Serial0 ip address 172.25.1.1 255.255.255.0 encapsulation frame-relay frame-relay map ip 172.25.1.2 100 broadcast no frame-relay inverse-arp 2. Lets see the LMI Autosense in action: Router# debug frame-relay lmi 3. Turn the interface back on, and LMI Autosense will begin! Router(config-if)# shutdown (wait until the interface shuts down) Router(config-if)# no shutdown 4. After a couple of minutes, turn of debug with: Router# undebug all 8 Monitoring and Testing the Configuration 1. Router# show frame-relay lmi What is the LMI type? How did it get it? (Using the autosense feature.) RouterA#show frame-relay lmi LMI Statistics for interface Serial0 (Frame Relay DTE) LMI TYPE = ANSI Invalid Unnumbered info 0 Invalid Prot Disc 0 Invalid dummy Call Ref 0 Invalid Msg Type 0 Invalid Status Message 0 Invalid Lock Shift 0 Invalid Information ID 0 Invalid Report IE Len 0 Invalid Report Request 0 Invalid Keep IE Len 0 Num Status Enq. Sent 199 Num Status msgs Rcvd 198 Num Update Status Rcvd 0 Num Status Timeouts 3 2. Is everything else working? Note: All of the following commands should show normal working results. Router# show inter s 0 Router# show frame-relay map Router# show frame-relay pvc Router# show ip route Router# ping remote-router-ip-addresses 9