Mannerism, High Renaissance, Baroque Review
MANNERISM
High Renaissance
Content
Narrative
Space
Composition
Proportions
Figures
Colors
Substance
Andrea Del Sarto:
Madonna of the Harpies
Pontormo:
Visitation
Joseph in Egypt
Mannerism
Rosso Fiorentino
Descent From the Cross
Moses Defending the Daughters of Jethro
Parmigiano
Madonna of the Long Neck
Bronzino
Venus, Cupid, Folly, and Time
NORTHERN RENAISSANCE
Unit Concepts:
1. Though Northern Europe did experience a renewed interest in the arts, it was based more on
Medieval styles than Greco-Roman because their roots were in the Medieval traditions.
2. It was very realistic and used ordinary objects to symbolize religious subjects and truths.
3. It was different from the Italian Renaissance in that
a. The use of oil paints produced vibrant, rich color not seen in frescoes
b. The use of oil allowed the painter to create a surface realism rather than relying on
the Italian emphasis on underlying structure, linear perspective, and ordered
proportions to achieve realism.
VOCABULARY
10. etching
1. grisaille
11. anamorphic image
2. triptych
12. polyptych
3. nominalism
13. lunette
4. genre detail
14. miniatures
5. alla prima
15. surrealism
6. impasto
16. monochromatic
7. flamboyant style
17. glazes
8. woodcut
18. diptych
9. engraving
15th Century Flanders
1. Method of painting:
a. Monochromaticb. Glazes
2. Characteristics
a. Rich color tones
16th Century Germany
MATTHIAS GRUNEWALD
Isenheim Altarpiece
Deposition
Annunciation
Resurrection
ALBRECHT DURER
b. Glowing light
Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse
c. Surface appearance vs.
structure
Fall of Man
d. Tilted picture planes
Self-Portrait
e. Symbolism
The Hare
Four Apostles
ROBERT CAMPIN
HANS HOLBEIN THE YOUNGER
Merode Altarpiece
The French Ambassadors
JAN VAN EYCK
Thomas More
Ghent Altarpiece
Henry VIII
Marriage of Arnolfini
16th Century Netherlands
ROGIER VAN DER WEYDEN
PIETER BRUEGEL THE ELDER
The Escorial Deposition
Hunters in the Snow
Portrait of a Lady
The Wedding Feast
HIERONYMOUS BOSCH
The Blind Leading the Blind
Garden of Earthly Delights
Paradise and Hell
HUGO VAN DER GOES
Portinari Altarpiece/ Adoration of the
Shepherds
16th Century Spain
EL GRECO
Burial of Count Orgaz
View of Toledo
BAROQUE
Unit Concepts: BAROQUE ART
1. During the Baroque period, truly national styles of art were developing.
2. They followed two dominate, different influences. Those influences were the
natural, darker style of Caravaggio (Aristotelian) and the softer, classical style of
Caracci (Neo-Platonic.)
3. Art from this time was also highly influenced by either the Reformation or the
Counter-Reformation.
4. A common characteristic in all art from this period was the manipulation of TIME,
LIGHT, and SPACE.
5. Art is highly personal, emotional, and dramatic.
Historical Background
1. Protestant Reformation:
a. Who?
b. Date?
c. Catholic Counter-Reformation: Importance to art?
d. Which countries went which way?
i. Catholic
Protestant
e. Caravaggio vs. Caracci: Countries went which way?
Caravaggio
Caracci
Vocabulary
1. virtuoso:
7. architectural space:
2. illustionistic:
8. impasto:
3. baldacchino:
9. chiaroscuro:
4. quadro ripportato:
10. opulent:
5. tenebrism:
11. undulating:
6. painterly style:
ITALIAN BAROQUE
Unit Concepts: (Don’t have to memorize on test, but good to know for essays)
1. In Italy, Baroque art resulted directly from the Catholic-sponsored Counter-Reformation
movement and the Council of Trent, which wanted to reform the art of the Mannerism
period.
2. The artistic goal of the Counter-Reformation was to woo Catholic souls lost to the Puritan
Reformation movement back into the fold.
3. Art was to teach, inspire, and emotionally involve the people. Above all, it had to be
clearly understood.
4. It manipulated time, light, and space to involve the viewer.
PAINTING
CARAVAGGIO (MICHELANGELO
MERISI)
The Sick Bacchus:
SCULPTURE
GIANLORENZO BERNINI
Balducchino for St. Peter’s
The Calling of St. Matthew:
The Conversion of St. Paul:
David
Rape of Persephone
Apollo and Daphne
Death of the Virgin:
St. Teresa in Ecstasy
David and Goliath:
ARCHITECTURE
Judith and Holofernes:
ARTEMISIA GENTILESCHI
Judith Slaying Holofernes
Judith and Maidservant with the Head
of Holofernes
ANNIBALE CARACCI
Flight into Egypt
Farnese Gallery
FRANCESCO BORROMINI
San Carlo Alle Quattro Fontane
St. Ivo
St. Agnese
BERNINI
Colonnade for St. Peter’s
FLANDERS
PETER PAUL RUBENS
SPAIN
JOSE DE RIBERA
The Consequences of War
The Martyrdom of St. Bartholomew
Medici Cycle- Marie de Medici
Arrives in Marseilles or Debarkation of
Marie de Medici
The Clubfoot
DIEGO VELAZQUEZ
Descent from the Cross
Old Woman Frying Eggs
Daniel in the Lion’s Den
Water Seller of Seville
Portrait of Isabella Brant
Bacchus
ANTHONY VAN DYCK
Charles I of England
Juan de Pareja
Innocent X
Las Meninas
HOLLAND
FRANCE
REMBRANDT VAN RIJN
GEORGES DE LA TOUR
The Feast of Belshazzar
Repentant Magdalen
The Night Watch
The Conspiracy of Claudius Civilis
St. Joseph in the Carpenter’s Shop
NICOLAS POUSSIN
Dr. Tulp’s Anatomy Lesson
A Bacchanalian Revel
Self-Portraits
Rape of the Sabine Women
JOHANNES (JAN) VERMEER
The Art of Painting
The Girl with the Pearl Earring
The Milkmaid
Woman with a Water Jug
Dance to the Music of Time
FRANCOIS MANSART
Chateau de Blois
CHARLES LEBRUN
East Façade of the Louvre
JULES HARDOUIN-MANSART
Versailles
Big Concepts: (Outline ideas for numbers 1,2, and 3. Then choose another four of the Baroque. Use
the backside and bottom of this page, and attach another page if needed.)
1. In what specific ways does Mannerism reject Italian Art? Think of specific characteristics and
examples.
2. How was the Northern Renaissance different than the Italian Renaissance?
3. What are some of the major characteristics that set the Northern Renaissance apart?
4. How did emerging nations influence art in the Baroque time period? Does each nation have a
unique style? Or are there some similar elements that unite all Baroque art?
5. Baroque art emphasized time, light, and space? How? Give some specific examples.
6. What makes Baroque art dramatic, personal, and emotional? Give some examples.
7. Compare and contrast Caravaggio and Bernini? How are they similar and different as men?
As Artists?
8. Baroque painting was divided between two painters: Caravaggio and Caracci? Which painters
followed whom? Can you give specific examples and works?
9. During the Baroque, commissions for portraits came from patrons with increasing frequency.
Compare and contrast the styles of Vermeer, Rembrandt, Rubens, and Van Dyck.
10. How did the Reformation and the Counter-Reformation influence Baroque art? Give
specifics.
11. Las Meninas, by Diego Velazquez, has been considered by many one of the greatest paintings
ever created. Why? What are some of the symbols, meanings, and illusions that Velazquez
plays with in this painting?
12. During the Baroque time period, France became a political and cultural center. Describe
Versailles and how it is symbolic of Louis XIV’s cultural and political power.