Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade ©State of Idaho 2003 McRel Alignment Go to Writing Process Go to Composition Structure Go to Basic Grammar and Usage Go to Conventions: Capitalization Go to Conventions: Punctuation Go to Conventions: Spelling State Standards ISAT Cut Scores New Vocabulary Capitalization State Standard and Benchmark 1 Composition and Structure Local Curriculum Learning Continuum and other Performance Objectives Grammar and Usage Sample Assessment and Sample Quizzes Sample Sequence Punctuation Minimum Hours Allotted Writing Process Sample Teaching Strategy Sample Resource s Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade State Standard and Benchmark Local Curriculum Learning Continuum and other Performance Objectives Sample Assessment and Sample Quizzes Writing Composition and the Writing Process Pre-Writing Skills 726.01. a Understand and use the writing process (brainstorming/ outlining) Learning Continuum Teacher Observable DWA ECA ISAT For Learning: Teacher observation: Colors should reflect good organization and emphasis on the preponderance of red Of Learning: RIT 201-210 RIT 211-220 RIT 221-230 Sample Sequence Minimum Hours Allotted ©State of Idaho 2003 Sample Teaching Strategy Return to Top Make a power point presentation listing the steps of the writing process and make a bulletin board that you can refer to often. Expository Writing Brainstorm selected topic using computer software or graphic organizers such as cluster/web. Convert this into an outline. Model and practice compound sentence as possible topic sentence. After writing sample paragraph, highlight the outline and conclusion in green, transitions in yellow and details in red. Explain that there should be mostly red because the details are important. Sample essay outline Narrative Writing Brainstorm verbiage such as figurative language and rich word choices 2 Sample Resource s Family Links: Sample writing prompts-- Six Traits Prompts Webpage Step up to Writing Section 2-7 Organizing paragraphs Section 220 Topic sentences www.sophri swest.com Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade State Standard and Benchmark Drafting and Revising Skills 726.01.c Identify and use appropriate style and vocabulary for a particular audience 726.02b Incorporate a variety of elements of writing: Alliteration Simile Metaphor Personification Word Choice 726.02c Convey clear and focused main ideas 3 Local Curriculum Learning Continuum and other Performance Objectives Sample Assessment and Sample Quizzes Learning Continuum For Learning: Teacher observable Written first draft follows outline. Uses clear and specific details and example Selected format reflects good choice for topic and audience Teacher Observable DWA ECA ISAT Revising – use Write Traits rubric on the 1st 5 traits or use a teacher generated rubric (see sample teaching strategy on next row) with columns for peer and student checks Of Learning: RIT 201-210 RIT 211-220 RIT 221-230 Sample Sequence Minimum Hours Allotted ©State of Idaho 2003 Sample Teaching Strategy Drafting - Demonstrate drafting by following the outline generated in pre-writing turning items into sentences or groups of sentences. Try having students choose a variety of formats using the same topic and explore the impact of each format. (examples newspaper article, short descriptive essay, persuasive paper, letter, diary entry) Revising - Have the students do at least two readings of their writing. First, focus on the article’s content and organization. Teacher may generate questions, such as: Does the introduction state the main idea? Are there sufficient details? Do the details logically support each point? Does the conclusion summarize the body paragraphs and refer to the main idea? This could be set up in rubric form giving tips for revision techniques. Write Trait’s focus will be on ideas and content, organization. In the second reading, the focus is on style, they should go back and look for ways to make the writing sound better. The write traits, word choice, sentence fluency, and voice, are the focus in this second reading. Possible Mini lessons: writing a variety of sentences from simple to complex for sentence fluency combining sentences to make compound and complex sentences using infinitive phrases to denote emphasis writing an inviting lead to hook the reader writing strong conclusions using a thesaurus to enhance word choice Sample Resource s Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade State Standard and Benchmark Use Editing and Proofreading Processes 726.02.a Determine and apply rules and conventions Local Curriculum Minimum Hours Allotted Learning Continuum and other Performance Objectives Sample Assessment and Sample Quizzes Learning Continuum For Learning: Teacher Observable Papers submitted will be checked for accuracy using a teacher generated rubric (see sample teaching strategy) or Write Traits rubric Practice editing on transparencies with the overhead projector. Then have them edit own paper with a peer. Two sets of eyes are better than one when trying to find mistakes. Use a rubric to check off that paper was checked for: punctuation capitals complete sentence Of Learning: RIT 201-210 RIT 211-220 RIT 221-230 Sample writing rubric Teacher Observable DWA ECA ISAT Writing Composition and Structure Appropriate Format 726.01.b Write in a variety of formats 726.03.b Sample Sequence ©State of Idaho 2003 Learning Continuum Teacher Observable DWA ECA ISAT Sample Teaching Strategy Return to Top For Learning: Teacher Observable Student writing Of Learning: RIT 201-210 RIT 211-220 RIT 221-230 Paragraph organization (refer to Prewriting skills) Model and use graphic organizers for letter, essay, newspaper article, memo, limerick, poetry etc. Writing a news report Poem organizer? Variety of Formats 726.01.b Write in a variety of formats 4 Learning Continuum Teacher Observable DWA ECA ISAT Sample Resource s For Learning: Teacher observable Student writing Of Learning: See Composition Forms for Sample Test Items Try having students choose a variety of formats using the same topic and explore the impact of different formats. (examples newspaper article, short descriptive essay, persuasive paper, letter, diary entry) Purposes: to express self to inform to create to explain to persuade to entertain Family Links: Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade State Standard and Benchmark Appropriate Style and Vocabulary 726.01.c identify and use appropriate style and vocabulary for a particular audience 726.02c Convey clear and focused main ideas 726.04.c Figurative Language Variety of Elements 726.05a 726.02b Incorporate a variety of elements of writing: Alliteration Simile Metaphor Personification Word Choice 5 Local Curriculum Learning Continuum and other Performance Objectives Sample Assessment and Sample Quizzes Learning Continuum For Learning: Teacher observable Student writing Teacher Observable DWA ECA ISAT Sample Sequence Minimum Hours Allotted ©State of Idaho 2003 Sample Teaching Strategy Read several beginning paragraphs from good literature, then brainstorm the commonalities observed in the sample opening paragraphs. Model the different lead types for the same story. Have students pick the best. Then have them write several beginning paragraphs for a certain narrative type letting classmates choose the most effective. When doing DOL, also have students identify the sentence types, declarative, imperative, interrogative, and exclamatory. This gives daily practice and review Learning Continuum Teacher Observable DWA ECA ISAT For Learning: Teacher Observable Student Writing Write a poem “If You’re Not from Idaho” Write a simple 8 line-rhyming poem using figurative language to describe some unique aspect about Idaho. Idaho poem rubric Collect figurative language examples from real literature, put on transparencies and daily put one up to have the students identify it. This familiarity will soon show up in their writing. Sample Resource s Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade State Standard and Benchmark Details 726.02c Convey clear and focused main ideas Composition Forms 726.01.b Write in a variety of formats 726.03 Write to inform and explain 726.04 Lit. Response 726.05 726.05.c Write to critically analyze and evaluate / persuade 726.06 Write research finding 726.07 Write technical information 6 Local Curriculum Learning Continuum and other Performance Objectives Sample Assessment and Sample Quizzes Learning Continuum For Learning: Teacher Observable DWA ECA ISAT Learning Continuum Teacher Observable DWA ECA ISAT Sample Sequence Minimum Hours Allotted ©State of Idaho 2003 Sample Teaching Strategy Sample Resource s Give students sample paragraphs and have them highlight the details. During pre-writing, student can be taught to cluster details for a given paragraph using software or paper. For Learning: Teacher Observable Student writing Of Learning: RIT 201-210 RIT 211-220 RIT 221-230 Share a number of limericks and help the students discover the rhyming scheme and format. Then model writing one with the class. Make a sample rhyming dictionary having the students come up the rhyming words. Then they may use their dictionary as a resource in writing their limerick Limerick rubric Collect passages that inform, explain, analyze, evaluate, and have students practice identifying the defining characteristics of each. Instruct students how to write in each of the following formats: research report, how to essay, book report, and an informative article. How to..rubric Book Review Holt Elements of Language Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade State Standard and Benchmark Variety of Components 726.02c Convey clear and focused main ideas 726.04b 726.05.b Thesis/ Supporting Details 7 Local Curriculum Learning Continuum and other Performance Objectives Learning Continuum Teacher Observable DWA ECA ISAT Sample Assessment and Sample Quizzes For Learning: Given a passage, students will correctly identify the type of writing Given a well organized passage without indentation , the student will be able to put the paragraphs in the right place Of Learning: RIT 201-210 (Develop Paragraphs) RIT 211-220 (Develop Paragraphs) RIT 221-230 (Develop Paragraphs) Sample Sequence Minimum Hours Allotted ©State of Idaho 2003 Sample Teaching Strategy Use different graphic organizers to explain the variety of methods of organization i.e. order of events examples to main idea main ideas to examples sequential instruction most important to least important least to most important Take a well organized passage, take out all the indentations and make it into one big paragraph. Have students read and decide where the paragraphs should be. Do this as a group then have the students work independently on another passage or more. Sample Resource s Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade State Standard and Benchmark Local Curriculum Learning Continuum and other Performance Objectives Basic Grammar and Usage Variety of Sentences 726.02.a Write and edit for correctness and clarity Sample Assessment and Sample Quizzes Return to Top Sample Sequence Minimum Hours Allotted ©State of Idaho 2003 Sample Teaching Strategy http://www.ncte.org/positions/grammar.shtml Learning Continuum For Learning: Exercises where students identify verb tenses of given sentences Teacher Observable DWA ECA Of Learning: RIT 201-210 RIT 211-220 RIT 221-230 Compare verb tenses with the basic forms of water. Discuss how the forms are all water yet are very different. Illustrate the four basic verb forms on a chart: 1. present, 2. present participle 3. past 4. past participle Put : I play. He is playing. She played. They have played. in the proper column. Have students generate more verbs to fill the chart, including irregular verbs as well. Practice with teams filling in a blank chart on board or overhead with the proper verb tense to give their team points or having a correct answer giving them rights to shoot for a basket. 8 Sample Resource s Family Links: Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade State Standard and Benchmark Sentence Structure / Type / Kind 726.02.a Write and edit for correctness and clarity Local Curriculum Learning Continuum and other Performance Objectives Sample Assessment and Sample Quizzes Learning Continuum For Learning: Teacher Observable DWA ECA ISAT Students will do exercises independently to show learning Of Learning: RIT 201-210 RIT 211-220 RIT 221-230 Sample Sequence Minimum Hours Allotted ©State of Idaho 2003 Sample Teaching Strategy Sample Resource s In daily oral language, also identify the parts of speech for each word in the sentence pointing out the sentence patterns noun-verb, nounverb-noun, noun-verb-verb. Use sentence diagramming to visually show the difference between compound, complex, and compound- complex starting with an anchor sentence and build upon it. Becoming familiar with the common beginning words of subordinate clauses in complex sentences such as who, whose, which, that, after, as, if, since, and when would be helpful in spotting a complex sentence. Subject-verb agreement 726.02.a Write and edit for correctness and clarity 9 Learning Continuum Teacher Observable ISAT ECA DWA For Learning: Student independent work Student writing Of Learning: RIT 201-210 RIT 211-220 RIT 221-230 Put a series of sentences on the board such as: He is. They are. She was. Show how a predicate adjective is needed to finish the complete idea. To introduce subject-verb agreement, write these two nonsense sentences on the chalkboard: The ama (plin, plins) the corbh. The amas (plin, plins) the corb. Ask students to select the correct “verb” and to explain how they were able to make the correct choices. Ask volunteers to replace the nonsense words in each sentence with real words. Tell students to notice how the s endings in sentence 1 are different from those in sentence 2. Do more sentences for guided practice and then have them do some for independent practice. Holt, Rinehart, and Winston (2004) Family Links: Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade State Standard and Benchmark Noun Forms 726.02.a Write and edit for correctness and clarity Local Curriculum Learning Continuum and other Performance Objectives Sample Assessment and Sample Quizzes Learning Continuum For Learning: Student writing and exercises. Teacher Observable DWA ECA ISAT Of Learning: RIT 201-210 RIT 211-220 RIT 221-230 Sample Sequence Minimum Hours Allotted ©State of Idaho 2003 Sample Teaching Strategy Bring in a piece of concrete and explore how you can see, touch, taste, hear, and smell it. Explain that with concrete nouns you are also able to use the senses. Discuss other nouns that are concrete. Then introduce abstract nouns as nouns of the heart and mind, like freedom, liberty, and, honesty. Have them write sentences using both kinds of nouns after doing a sorting activity with a group of concrete and abstract nouns. Possessive Nouns Give the students the sentence. The actors will wear the final versions of lion masks, each attached to a frame holding the mask above the actor’s head. Ask students to tell how the words actors and actor’s are different. Remind students that both words are nouns because they name a person, place, thing, or idea. Point out that actor’s is the possessive noun. Explain that a possessive noun is the name of an owner, and that all possessive nouns have an apostrophe. Highpoint Level C Hampton Brown (2001) Discuss the rules for forming possessive nouns. (plural, plural irregular , and singular) Review the rules on plural nouns, both regular and irregular. 10 Sample Resource s Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade State Standard and Benchmark Pronoun Forms 726.02.a Write and edit for correctness and clarity Local Curriculum Sample Sequence Minimum Hours Allotted ©State of Idaho 2003 Learning Continuum and other Performance Objectives Sample Assessment and Sample Quizzes Learning Continuum For Learning: Student writing Identify pronouns as substitutes for nouns in the Daily Oral Language practice Teacher Observable DWA ECA ISAT Of Learning: RIT 201-210 RIT 211-220 RIT 221-230 Divide into groups, and ask each group to write a paragraph on a topic such as a field trip, project, or sport. One student begins by writing a sentence containing a personal pronoun and underlining the pronoun and identifying the type. The students take turns adding related sentences, each of which contains an underlined example of another type of pronoun: reflexive, nominative, possessive, and objective. Each group would write three five sentence paragraphs so that each student writes three sentences using the same type of pronoun. Ask a volunteer from each group to read one of the sentences aloud. Holt, Rinehart, and Winston (2004) Sample Teaching Strategy Using DOL sentences practicing compound subjects with I (John and I) and objective pronoun use (John and me. Point out the helpful strategy of leaving out “John and” to see which fits best, I or me. Point out to students the connection between numbers and indefinite pronouns: both name quantities. Most indefinite pronouns name a vague quantity, but some, such as one and none, are very precise. Discuss this connection with students. Students can even arrange the pronouns according to quantity, from none to all, along a number line. 11 Sample Resource s Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade State Standard and Benchmark Noun / Pronoun Antecedent 726.02.a Write and edit for correctness and clarity Verb Tenses 726.02.a Write and edit for correctness and clarity Irregular Verb Forms 726.02.a Write and edit for correctness and clarity 12 Local Curriculum Learning Continuum and other Performance Objectives Sample Assessment and Sample Quizzes Learning Continuum For Learning: Student writing Teacher Observable DWA ECA ISAT Learning Continuum Of Learning: RIT 201-210 Teacher Observable DWA ECA ISAT Learning Continuum Teacher Observable DWA ECA ISAT Sample Sequence Minimum Hours Allotted ©State of Idaho 2003 Sample Teaching Strategy Have the students work at the chalkboard as you dictate sentences containing pronouns. Ask students to circle the pronouns and to draw arrows to the pronouns’ antecedents. For Learning: See Variety of Sentences Student sentences Of Learning: RIT 201-210 RIT 211-220 RIT 221-230 Be sure to include past and present tense perfect For Learning: Student sentences Divide the class into groups of three. Have each group make flashcards of the verbs listed in the common irregular verbs chart. Next, group members should shuffle the cards and randomly choose five each. Each group member then presents his or her verbs to the group, giving the four principal parts of the verb and categorizing the formation of its past and past participle as changing vowels, changing consonants, changing vowels and consonants, or making no change. Group members shuffle the cards again and work together to write three sentences using the past or past participle of three randomly chosen verbs. Have groups share their sentences with the class. (HRW) 2004 Of Learning: RIT 201-210 RIT 211-220 RIT 221-230 Sample Resource s Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade State Standard and Benchmark Adjective Forms 726.02.a Write and edit for correctness and clarity Local Curriculum Learning Continuum and other Performance Objectives Sample Assessment and Sample Quizzes Learning Continuum For Learning: Have students write a comparison/contrast essay emphasizing adjective use Teacher Observable DWA ECA ISAT Of Learning: RIT 201-210 RIT 211-220 RIT 221-230 Sample Sequence Minimum Hours Allotted ©State of Idaho 2003 Sample Teaching Strategy Use DOL sentences to identify adjectives Give students a number of adjectives such as tall, little, big, and have them write them in comparative and superlative form. He is taller. He is tallest. He is taller than me. Spelling Review: be sure to give some that include the spelling rule y to i for suffixes beginning with a vowel. Give some that are irregular i.e. good, bad, some Take a few nouns such as inspiration and show how to change them to an adjective by adding the suffix al i.e. inspirational. Have them use both in correctly in sentences. Review usage of well and good, pointing out that well is an adverb, while good is an adjective. Give them some practice using them correctly. Masterpiece sentence activity, expanding a short sentence with adjectives or similes telling, which one, what kind, or how many. Sometimes called painting the subject. 13 Sample Resource s Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade State Standard and Benchmark Adverb Forms 726.02.a Write and edit for correctness and clarity Negative Forms 726.02.a Write and edit for correctness and clarity Phrases 726.02.a Write and edit for correctness and clarity 14 Local Curriculum Learning Continuum and other Performance Objectives Sample Assessment and Sample Quizzes Learning Continuum For Learning: Teacher Observable: Masterpiece sentences Group writing exercise with proper adverb use. Teacher Observable DWA ECA ISAT Of Learning: RIT 201-210 RIT 211-220 Learning Continuum For Learning: Informal teacher observation Teacher Observable DWA ECA ISAT Learning Continuum Of Learning: RIT 201-210 RIT 211-220 RIT 221-230 Teacher Observable DWA ECA ISAT Of Learning: RIT 201-210 RIT 211-220 RIT 221-230 For Learning: Informal teacher observation Sample Sequence Minimum Hours Allotted ©State of Idaho 2003 Sample Teaching Strategy Masterpiece sentence activity, expanding a short sentence with adverbs or adverb phrases telling how, when and where the action took place. To give students extra practice with comparative and superlative forms, have students in groups of four use the words, easily, swiftly, politely, and thoughtfully to create a group story. Have students count off from one to four. Assign students 1 and 3 to use comparative forms in the story and students 2 and 4 use superlative forms. Find some examples of double negatives in dialogue from real literature, if possible. Put them up for the students to view and read them carefully pointing out that it reads opposite from the meaning intended. i.e. “I don’t know nothing” actually means that you know something. Using DOL sentences, have students underline the subject once and the verb phrase twice. Doing this daily as a quick review of verb phrases. To demonstrate whether a prepositional phrase is used as an adjective or adverb, diagram a sentence on the board showing that if it modifies a verb it is an adverb and if it modifies a noun, it is an adjective phrase. Have them work in pairs on a few sentences and have pairs come up to the overhead and to show their work, identifying each prepositional phrase. Sample Resource s Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade State Standard and Benchmark Clauses 726.02.a Write and edit for correctness and clarity Subject and Predicate 726.02.a Write and edit for correctness and clarity 15 Local Curriculum Learning Continuum and other Performance Objectives Sample Assessment and Sample Quizzes Learning Continuum For Learning: Student sentences Teacher Observable DWA ECA ISAT Of Learning: RIT 201-210 RIT 211-220 RIT 221-230 Learning Continuum For Learning: Student sentences Teacher Observable DWA ECA ISAT Sample Sequence Minimum Hours Allotted ©State of Idaho 2003 Sample Teaching Strategy Introduce the subject of sentences and sentence fragments by comparing the sentence to a car. A car needs both a body and an engine to work; in a similar way, a sentence needs both a subject and a verb to be complete. Ask volunteers for a list of subjects and verbs, and write students’ suggestions on the chalkboard. Have students combine the subjects and verbs to practice forming sentences. Then have them change the sentences into subordinate clauses to add to simple sentences making complex sentences. Becoming familiar with the common beginning words of subordinate clauses in complex sentences such as who, whose, which, that, after, as, if, since, and when would be helpful in a complex sentence. Have them underline the main clause once and the subordinate clause twice. (HRW 2004) Using DOL sentences have students underline the subject for daily practice. Sample Resource s Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade State Standard and Benchmark Run-ons and Fragments 726.02.a Write and edit for correctness and clarity Local Curriculum Learning Continuum and other Performance Objectives Sample Assessment and Sample Quizzes Learning Continuum For Learning: 16 Minimum Hours Allotted Learning Continuum Teacher Observable DWA ISAT ECA Sample Teaching Strategy Fix DOL run-on sentences with conjunctions and commas, a semicolon, or breaking it into two sentences. Teacher Observable DWA ECA ISAT Conventions: Capitalization Fundamental Rules: Beginning Capitalization 726.02.a Write and edit for correctness and clarity Sample Sequence ©State of Idaho 2003 Compare a complete sentence again with a car that needs both a body and an engine. If either are missing it won’t run. It is the same with a complete sentence; it needs both a subject and a predicate. Otherwise, it is a sentence fragment. Have students practice with fragments completing them with the subject or the predicate. Find examples from student writing for the class to fix. Return to Top For Learning: Student letters Student writing of dialogue Of Learning: RIT 201-210 RIT 211-220 RIT 221-230 ID-L06-78 2 Practice writing a letter with the students capitalizing the first word in the greeting and in the closing of the letter. Use DOL sentences to practice dialogue capitalization. Have students write dialogue between chalk and an eraser after a day of school. Sample Resource s Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade State Standard and Benchmark Capitalization: Adjectives & Titles 726.02.a Write and edit for correctness and clarity Capitalization: Proper Nouns 726.02.a Write and edit for correctness and clarity Capitalization: Fundamental Rules 726.02.a Write and edit for correctness and clarity 17 Local Curriculum Learning Continuum and other Performance Objectives Sample Assessment and Sample Quizzes Learning Continuum For Learning: Student writing Teacher Observable DWA ECA ISAT Of Learning: See Test Items in Next Row Learning Continuum For Learning: Informal teach observation Student writing Teacher Observable DWA ISAT ECA Learning Continuum Teacher Observable DWA ECA ISAT Of Learning: RIT 201-210 RIT 211-220 RIT 221-230 For Learning: Bulletin board results Of Learning: Of Learning: See Other Test Items in this Section of Guide Sample Sequence Minimum Hours Allotted Sample Teaching Strategy 2 Use a sorting activity with a number of nouns and sort into proper and common nouns categories. Be sure to then capitalize the proper nouns. Daily practice using DOL sentences ID-L06-87 Sample Resource s Use DOL sentences to practice distinctions of when to capitalize directions i.e. east - East, title i.e. Doctor – doctor, and in dialogue. ID-L06-81 ID-L06-84 ©State of Idaho 2003 Practice daily using DOL sentences Assign two capitalization rules to each student. Then, ask students to find examples of each use of the rule in newspapers or magazines. Have the students cut out the examples and use them to assemble a bulletin board display of capitalization rules and examples. Explain that newspapers and magazines often use their own styles, which may differ from standard rules. Family Links: Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade State Standard and Benchmark Local Curriculum Learning Continuum and other Performance Objectives Conventions: Punctuation Use Appropriate End Punctuation 726.02.a Write and edit for correctness and clarity Sample Assessment and Sample Quizzes For Learning: Student writing Teacher Observable DWA ISAT ECA Of Learning: RIT 201-210 RIT 211-220 Learning Continuum Teacher Observable DWA ISAT ECA Minimum Hours Allotted ID-L06-90 2 Sample Teaching Strategy Use DOL sentences to practice dialogue punctuation, abbreviation, and comma use. ID-L06-93 3 Of Learning: RIT 201-210 RIT 211-220 RIT 221-230 18 Learning Continuum For Learning: Student writing Teacher Observable DWA ISAT ECA Of Learning: RIT 201-210 RIT 211-220 RIT 221-230 Family Links: Give students writing assignments with minilessons on these skills, with use of a rubric, and peer editing to check for errors in their writing. To show students that some phrases are nonessential, write on a large strip of paper a sentence containing an unnecessary appositive phrase. You might want to use a sentence such as, (A gymnast, Mrs. Shaw, will coach us.) fold the strip to hide the appositive phrase to show students that the sentence makes sense without the phrase. Emphasize that when the phrase is reinserted, it must be set off from the sentence by commas. Use masterpiece sentence to show how starting sentences with an adverb or adjective phrase need a comma after them. Use Apostrophes 726.02.a Write and edit for correctness and clarity Sample Resource s Return to Top Learning Continuum For Learning: Use Commas Appropriately 726.02.a Write and edit for correctness and clarity Sample Sequence ©State of Idaho 2003 ID-L06-96 2 See possessive nouns Have students prepare a poster with the pairs of helping verbs and helping verbs contractions Example Will not – won’t Is not -- isn’t Are not – aren’t Family Links: Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade State Standard and Benchmark Appropriate Marks in Dialogue 726.02.a Write and edit for correctness and clarity Use underlining for titles 726.02.a Write and edit for correctness and clarity Comma Usage: Prepositional, Participle and Appositive Phrases 726.02.a 19 Local Curriculum Learning Continuum and other Performance Objectives Sample Assessment and Sample Quizzes Learning Continuum For Learning: Teacher Observable DWA, ISAT ECA Of Learning: RIT 201-210 (Enclosing Punctuation) RIT 211-220 (Enclosing Punctuation) Learning Continuum For Learning: Student writing Teacher Observable DWA ECA ISAT Of Learning: RIT 211-220 RIT 221-230 Learning Continuum For Learning: Teacher Observable DWA ECA ISAT Of Learning: See Test Items Under Commas Sample Sequence Minimum Hours Allotted ID-L06-99 2 ©State of Idaho 2003 Sample Teaching Strategy Sample Resource s See capitalization Family Links: ID-L06-102 Write on the chalkboard the following list of categories: Book Play Newspaper/magazine Movie Television series Have the students write his or her favorite specific title for each category. Tell students to underline all titles. Then, have each student use his or her favorite title for each category in a sentence. Ask volunteers write some of their sentences on the chalkboard, and have the rest of the class check to make sure the title has been underlined. (HRW 2004) Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade State Standard and Benchmark Comma Usage: Dependent and Independent Clauses 726.02.a Write and edit for correctness and clarity Local Curriculum Learning Continuum and other Performance Objectives Sample Assessment and Sample Quizzes Sample Sequence Learning Continuum For Learning: Student writing ID-L06-105 Teacher Observable DWA ECA ISAT Of Learning: See Test Items Under Commas Learning Continuum 20 Sample Teaching Strategy Sample Resource s To help students distinguish a compound complex sentence from a simple sentence with a compound verb, write the following sentence pairs on the chalkboard: Fred loves to eat yet hates meat that is grilled. Fred loves to eat, yet he hates meat that is grilled. Point out that a comma is used only between independent clauses and not with the subordinate clauses. Conventions: Spelling High Frequency Spelling Words 726.02.a Write and edit for correctness and clarity Minimum Hours Allotted ©State of Idaho 2003 Teacher Observable DWA ISAT ECA Return to Top For Learning: Spelling tests Student writing Of Learning: RIT 201-210 RIT 211-220 RIT 221-230 ID-L06-111 6 Drill and practice Use a variety of spelling games that encourage practice. It is also helpful to let students test out on the words they know with a pre-test, and have them work through the list of high frequency words for mastery. Provide spelling dictionaries for students to use as they edit their writing. Make them accountable for words in the spelling dictionary. Teacher may write in other words not considered high frequency for students as needed for certain assignments. Spelling Lists Family Links: Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade State Standard and Benchmark Spelling: Conventional Rules 726.02.a Write and edit for correctness and clarity Local Curriculum Learning Continuum and other Performance Objectives Sample Assessment and Sample Quizzes Sample Sequence Learning Continuum For Learning: Student writing ID-L06-114 Teacher Observable DWA ECA ISAT Spelling tests Of Learning: See Test Items Under High Frequency Words Minimum Hours Allotted ©State of Idaho 2003 Sample Teaching Strategy Use the verse i before e except after c as a memory aid A good technique for remembering spelling words correctly is to have students use the good spelling habits: 1. pronounce the word slowly 2. write the word as it sounds. 3. break the word into syllables and make sure each syllable matches a sound in the word 4. write down comments that might help me remember the correct spelling of the words Learning Continuum Spelling: Application of Rules (prefixes / suffixes) 726.02.a 21 Teacher Observable DWA ECA ISAT For Learning: Of Learning: See Test Items Under High Frequency Words Sample Resource s Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade ©State of Idaho 2003 APPROVED ISAT PROFICIENCY SCORES Return to Top Approved by the State Board of Education March 6, 2003 READING Basic Proficient Advanced 2 174 182 193 3 185 193 204 4 192 200 211 5 198 206 217 6 203 211 222 7 207 215 226 8 210 218 229 9 213 221 232 10 216 224 235 LANGUAGE Basic Proficient Advanced 2 176 184 197 3 186 194 207 4 193 201 214 5 200 208 221 6 204 212 225 7 207 215 228 8 211 219 232 9 213 221 234 10 214 222 235 MATH Basic Proficient Advanced 2 174 185 201 3 185 196 212 4 194 205 221 5 202 213 229 6 208 219 235 7 214 225 241 8 222 233 249 9 229 240 256 10 231 242 258 PROFICIENCY LEVELS DEFINITIONS Approved by the State Board of Education March 6, 2003 ADVANCED: Exceeds Standards Back to Top The student demonstrates thorough knowledge and mastery of skills that allows him/her to function independently above their current educational level. The student demonstrates a comprehensive understanding of all relevant information relevant to the topic at level. The student demonstrates comprehension and understanding of knowledge and skills above his/her grade level. The student can perform skills or processes independently without any significant errors. PROFICIENT: Meets Standards Back to Top The student demonstrates mastery of knowledge and skills that allow them to function independently on all major concepts and skills related to their educational level. The student demonstrates a comprehensive understanding of all information relevant to the topic, at level. The student can perform skills or processes independently without any significant errors. BASIC: Below Standards 22 Back to Top Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade ©State of Idaho 2003 The student demonstrates basic knowledge and skills usage but cannot operate independently on concepts and skills related to his/her educational level. Requires remediation and assistance to complete tasks without significant errors. The student has an incomplete knowledge of the topic and/or misconceptions about some information. The student requires assistance and coaching to complete tasks without errors. BELOW BASIC: Critically Below Standards Back to Top The student demonstrates significant lack of skills and knowledge and is unable to complete basic skills or knowledge sets without significant remediation. The student has critical deficiencies of relevant knowledge of topic and/or misconceptions about some information. The student cannot complete any skill set without significant assistance and coaching. Idaho State Standards—Writing/Language—6th Grade Return to Top 669. LANGUAGE ARTS/COMMUNICATIONS STANDARDS. 01. Languages and Communications. Language, the gateway to learning, provides our most powerful and readily available tool to represent the world to ourselves as well as ourselves to the world. Not only a means of communications, language serves as our primary instrument of thought, a defining feature of culture, and an unmistakable mark of personal identity. Encouraging and enabling students to effectively use language remains one of society’s most significant tasks. Educators, parents, and communities share responsibility in helping students prepare for productive performance. When students exit high school, they will be able to use reading, writing, listening, speaking, and viewing for personal use, as a citizen and consumer, in the workplace, for cultural enrichment, in the Fine Arts, and for lifelong learning. 02. Local District Book Lists. Local districts may determine book lists to support the Language Arts/ Communications Standards. If needed, the State Department of Education’s English Language Arts Specialist can provide suggested grade-level lists. 724. LANGUAGE ARTS/COMMUNICATIONS STANDARDS - GRADE 6, SECTIONS 725 THROUGH 729. The samples associated with the content standards are meant to illustrate meaning and to represent possible areas of applications. They are not intended to be an exhaustive list, but are samples of applications that would demonstrate learning. 726. WRITING. Rationale: Students write to demonstrate skills and conventions according to purpose and audience. 23 Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade Standard - The student will: 01. Understand and use the writing process. a. Return to Prewriting Skills Content Knowledge and Skills: Understand and use steps of the writing process: - Brainstorm; - Draft; - Revise; - Edit; - Publish. i. ii. iii. iv. v. Return to Appropriate Format Write in a variety of formats to record, generate, and reflect upon ideas. i. Create learning logs, personal learning records, notes, and journals for the following purposes: To express self To inform To create To explain To persuade To entertain c. Identify and use appropriate style and vocabulary for a particular audience. i. Select precise and appropriate words that are suitable to audience. Return to Composition Forms Return to Approp. Style/Vocab 24 Samples of Applications: Brainstorm Share ideas, respond to his/her/other drafts and provide constructive feedback. Generate ideas for writing topics. Use such brainstorming techniques as free writing and clustering. Use life experiences as a basis for writing ideas. Draft Write a rough draft. Revise Use self-evaluation techniques to assess own writing and determine an area needing improvement. Use such organizing techniques as outlining. Edit a written composition for meaning; discard irrelevant sections. Vary sentence structure. Use vivid, non-repetitive, precise, and appropriate words. Rearrange ideas to enhance meaning. Use proper paragraph structure. Revise for unity, coherence, and sentence structure. Edit Apply standard rules and conventions to proofreading work. Use appropriate peer editing and selfediting techniques. Publish Share finished product in a variety of settings. Submit work to school, local, or national publication. b. Return to Variety of Formats Return to Drafting/Revising ©State of Idaho 2003 Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade 02. Write and edit for correctness and clarity. a. Return to Editing/Proofing Return to Variety of Sentences Determine and apply rules and conventions for the following: - Grammar; - Punctuation; - Capitalization; - Spelling; - Legibility. i. Return to Sent. Struct/Type/Kind Return to GRAMMAR SECTION Return to CAPITALIZATION SECTION Return to PUNCTUATION SECTION Return to SPELLING SECTION ii. iii. iv. Return to Drafting/Revising b. Incorporate a variety of elements of writing: - Alliteration; - Figurative language; - Simile; - Metaphor; - Personification; - Vocabulary. c. Convey clear and focused main ideas that are appropriately supported by details and examples for selected topic, audience, and purpose. - Use topic sentences, appropriate word Return to Variety of Elements Return to Drafting/Revising Return to Approp. Style/Vocab Return to Details 25 i. ii. iii. iv. ©State of Idaho 2003 Grammar Demonstrate proficiency using subjectverb agreement, pronouns, verbs, and modifiers. Use a variety of sentence types: declarative, imperative, interrogative, and exclamatory. Use complex sentence structure. Use appositives to increase sentence variety. Apply appropriate word usage to specific applications. Identify parts of speech within a sentence or paragraph: nouns, pronouns, verbs, interjections, and modifiers. Identify and correct sentence fragments and run-ons. Identify sentence subject and predicate. Use a thesaurus to find and use synonyms and antonyms in written work. Punctuation Follow proper rules regarding periods, commas, quotation marks, titles, apostrophes in contractions and possessives, and abbreviations. Capitalization Use to begin proper nouns. Use to begin adjectives, titles, and sentence beginnings within a quote. Spelling Practice, use, and apply spelling rules in daily writing. Use appropriate prefixes and suffixes. Identify base words. Identify meaning of some Latin and Greek roots. Spell sixth-grade high-frequency words with ninety percent accuracy. Correctly spell commonly misspelled words with ninety percent accuracy. Correctly use homonyms. Write descriptive, compare/contrast, and cause/effect paragraphs. Use specific supporting details. Write clear introductions and conclusions. In writing, summarize the main idea and Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade choices, variety of sentence structures, transitions, paragraphing, indentation, organization, and documentation of sources; - Choose tone, voice, style, mood, and persona that are appropriate for various purpose, disciplines, and audiences. Return to Variety of Components 03. Write to inform and explain. ©State of Idaho 2003 supporting details in a piece of writing. a. Use facts, data, and processes from technical and non-technical materials to inform through writing. i. Use resources such as newspapers, magazines, manuals, Internet sites, encyclopedias, CD-ROM, almanacs, dictionaries, and literary works from which to collect. Return to Appropriate Format b. Produce documents in appropriate format to inform and explain. i. Respond in writing to a teacher-prepared expository prompt. 04. a. Compose a response using ideas and techniques from a variety of literature and fine arts that represent many cultures and perspectives. i. Compare artist's painting style to an author's style when contained in the same novel. Contrast similar stories, fables, folktales, and myths from various cultures. Respond to a particular piece of literature and relate to own experiences. Return to Composition Forms Write for literary response and expression. ii. Return to Composition Forms iii. Return to Variety of Components b. Appropriately use a thesis and supporting evidence. i. ii. Return to Approp. Style/Vocab c. Write and publish original creative works that include figurative and descriptive language. i. ii. 05. Write to critically analyze and evaluate. Return to Composition Forms Return to Variety of Elements a. Analyze for the following elements: - Purpose; - Ideas; - Style; - Structure; - Effectiveness. i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. 26 Write an evaluative essay of a favorite book or movie. Respond to essay questions in paragraph form. Use a topic sentence, supporting details, and conclusion. Produce samples of poetry, friendly letters, business letters, short stories, essays, summary reports, and personal narratives. Incorporate simile, metaphor, personification, alliteration, and imagery. Compare an author's purposes from several of author's books. Analyze author's effectiveness to write persuasively. Compare/contrast such poetic elements as rhyme, rhythm, figurative language, and meter. Analyze elements using personal, peer, and professional writing, current events, visual and performing arts, advertising, and political/civic discourse. Compare such elements in formal and informal poetry as rhyme scheme, figurative language, rhythm, and voice. In a small group, write and act out dialogues that might occur between a student and a friend, a student and a parent, and a student and a teacher. Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade Return to Variety of Components Return to Composition Forms b. c. Use a thesis/main idea and appropriate supporting evidence to persuade and inform a specific audience. i. Use writing to persuade. i. ii. ii. 06. Write to gather, synthesize, and communicate research findings. a. Return to Composition Forms b. With teacher support, incorporate a variety of technological and informational resources to do the following: - Appropriately paraphrase, quote, and cite to avoid plagiarism; - Formulate thesis or focus and relevant support; - Formulate and support main idea with evidence. i. Present research findings. i. ii. iii. ii. iii. 07. Write technical information. Return to Composition Forms 27 a. Produce technical document. i. ii. iii. iv. v. ©State of Idaho 2003 Produce a critique, review, proposal, and editorial. Explain personal perspective related to the arts or other cultural perspective. Write a response analyzing the effectiveness of print advertising and commercials. Compare a letter of inquiry to an imaginary employer using a business letter format. Practice note taking. Include two-column and outlining. Produce news articles, individual and collaborative reports, brochures, proposals, critiques, and multimedia presentations. Create a research paper: Choose and limit topic; prepare research questions Locate reference materials; prepare bibliography and note cards and paraphrase resource materials Gather relevant information from at least two sources Outline gathered information Write a two-to-three page report Share research findings with a younger audience via a "trade show" presentation. Display finished work in media center, hallways, or other areas of the school. Produce classroom publication for distribution. Identify, select, and prioritize web sites. Communicate with others via computer. Interpret and organize information. Prioritize existing list of web sites. Send e-mail to fellow sixth graders related to a content-area topic. vi. Interpret and organize information using the Internet and HyperStudio to create a multimedia presentation. vii. Arrange and format text with a processor. Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade ©State of Idaho 2003 ISAT “Sub-Goal” RIT 201-210 RIT 211-220 RIT 221-230 Capitalization Adjectives & Titles Return to Curriculum Guide 29 Capitalize first word of a quotation Distinguish sentences using quotations that are not capitalized correctly Capitalize the first word in the sentence and the first word of a quotation Capitalize the first word in the sentence, the first word of a quotation, and proper nouns Capitalize the beginning of each sentence in a group of sentences, including quotations within sentences In a quotation, capitalize only the first word if the sentence continues past the part identifying the speaker Compass directions – when to and not to capitalize them Full names, including titles In a quotation, capitalize only the first word if the sentence continues past the part identifying the speaker All titles Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade ©State of Idaho 2003 ISAT “Sub-Goal” RIT 201-210 Fundamental Rules Return to Curriculum Guide Fundamental RulesBeginning Capitalization Return to Curriculum Guide 30 Format: Most of the items in this range require correct identification of more that one capitalization error, either missing capitals or incorrect capitals Format: Longer passages in many of the items Generalize rules of when to capitalize the first word: sentences, poems, letter greetings Differentiate between similar common and proper nouns Radio and TV station initials All titles: which words should and should not be capitalized Compass directions: when they are correctly and incorrectly capitalized Capitalize the first word in the greeting and closing of a letter Capitalize the first word in the sentence Capitalize only the first word in a multi-word greeting or closing RIT 211-220 Format: Most items also call on finer distinctions between common and proper nouns, depending on how they are used in the sentence (Mother, my mother) Format: Sentences contain various combinations of correctly and incorrectly used capital letters, generally relating to use in quotations, but also first words in sentences, proper/common nouns, capitalizing multiple sentences in a paragraph All titles: what to capitalize and what not to capitalize Generalize capitalization rules Capitalize only the first word in the greeting and closing of a letter with no proper nouns RIT 221-230 Format: Sentences contain various combinations of correctly and incorrectly used capital letters, generally relating to use in quotations, but also first words in sentences, and proper/common nouns Distinctions between common and proper nouns, depending on how they are used in the sentence (Mother, my mother) Generalization of capitalization rules – classifying types of nouns that should be capitalized When to capitalize family relationships Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade ©State of Idaho 2003 ISAT “Sub-Goal” RIT 201-210 Proper Nouns Return to Curriculum Guide Full names, including titles and initials Particular places, points of interest, buildings, monuments Teams, organization, government bodies Countries and continents Historical events and eras Companies, stores, products Classes, schools Ships Identify proper nouns RIT 211-220 Countries, nationalities, languages Holidays, special events Places, rivers, parks, bridges, monuments… Artistic groups Buildings, businesses, stores Return to Curriculum Guide 31 Combine sentences into paragraph structure Look for patterns of organization in a paragraph Order sentences into a concise paragraph Give directions in a systematic order Use correct business letter structure Define parts of a research paper Define purposes of poetry (i.e. feelings, moods, expressions) Define paragraph by genre Identify parts of the newspaper Writing Composition and Structure Appropriate Format RIT 221-230 Use standard forms of indentation Review several paragraphs and choose the best organization Determine the pattern of organization in a lengthy passage Full names, professional and family titles Holidays and special events Nationalities, languages, countries, continents Towns, cities, particular geographic locations (___ Valley, Mt. ___) Organizations, clubs, teams, groups Classes, courses Religions Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade ©State of Idaho 2003 ISAT “Sub-Goal” RIT 201-210 Appropriate Style and Vocabulary Focus on exclamatory sentence structure Choose the best definition for the term “topic sentence” RIT 211-220 Return to Curriculum Guide Composition Forms Choose best opening paragraph in a narrative piece of writing Use of vocabulary of declarative, imperative, interrogative and exclamatory terms Write limericks Define composition forms in lengthy passages Select clear details for paragraph Edit sentences into multiparagraphs Determine method of organization (i.e. order of events, from examples to main idea, go from main idea to examples) Return to Curriculum Guide Details RIT 221-230 (221-230) Select sentences that support topic sentences Select sentences that support conclusion Identify all four sentence forms within a lengthy paragraph (231-240) Find the four sentence types within a given paragraph Return to Curriculum Guide Variety of Components Return to Curriculum Guide 32 (221-230) Identify topic sentence when it is not the first sentence of the paragraph (231-240) Edit sentences to create complete paragraphs Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade ©State of Idaho 2003 ISAT “Sub-Goal” RIT 201-210 Variety of Elements RIT 211-220 RIT 221-230 (221-230) Determine mode by reading a lengthy passage Return to Curriculum Guide Variety of Formats Return to Curriculum Guide Grammar and Usage 33 (221-230) Write in the persuasive mode Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade ©State of Idaho 2003 ISAT “Sub-Goal” RIT 201-210 Adjective Form Return to Curriculum Guide RIT 211-220 Use comparatives “less, least” correctly Understand the meaning of comparative adjectives Identify adjectives used in a sentence Recognize correctly and incorrectly used comparative forms Adverb Form Return to Curriculum Guide 34 Understand that adverbs can tell “where, when, or how”; Identify adverbs that tell “when” Use comparative adverbs correctly Understand the meaning of comparative adverbs RIT 221-230 (221-230) Recognize that adjectives are words that describe things Recognize correctly and incorrectly used comparative forms, use tricky Use comparatives “-y, -ier, -iest” context clues to determine correct correctly use Understand that there are names for various parts of speech; identify which word in a sentence is the adjective Understand the use of the adjective-forming suffix “-al” when added to nouns ending in “– tion” (inspiration, inspirational) Understand that comparative –er means to compare two things Understand the correct use of “good” as an adjective, not an adverb Format: Longer sentences, more difficult vocabulary Recognize correct and incorrect use of adverbs, including comparative adverb forms Recognize correct and incorrect comparative adverb forms for words ending in –ly Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade ©State of Idaho 2003 ISAT “Sub-Goal” RIT 201-210 Clauses Return to Curriculum Guide 35 Understand the intended meaning of a particular clause RIT 211-220 Identify the main clause in a sentence RIT 221-230 (221-230) Identify a dependent clause Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade ©State of Idaho 2003 ISAT “Sub-Goal” RIT 201-210 Format: Difficulty of vocabulary Irregular increases in this RIT range Verb Forms Return to Curriculum Guide 36 Determine which verb to use in sentences with or without auxiliary verbs Recognize the correct use of only one negative in a sentence: no more than; hasn’t any Recognize that two negatives in a sentence is not Standard English Use “n’t” contractions correctly Return to Curriculum Guide Negative Forms RIT 211-220 Identify troublesome irregular verbs (lie/lay, sit/set, etc.) Recognize the correct use of negatives “hardly” and “scarcely” RIT 221-230 (221-230) Determine which verb to use in a sentence with or without an auxiliary verb Identify correct form of less commonly used irregular verbs (221-230) Recognize the correct and incorrect use of negatives “hardly” and “scarcely” Recognize the correct use of only one negative in a sentence: haven’t anything (231-240) Recognize the correct and incorrect use of negatives “hardly” and “barely” Recognize the correct use of only one negative in a sentence with complex phrasing: has nothing; aren’t any; hasn’t he ever; isn’t any; scarcely had we Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade ©State of Idaho 2003 ISAT “Sub-Goal” RIT 201-210 Noun Forms Return to Curriculum Guide Recognize the correct plural form of a noun Understand the meaning of a singular possessive noun Recognize the correct irregular plural form of a noun Identify which word is not a plural noun Recognize the correct use of a plural noun in a sentence Distinguish possessive nouns from contractions Recognize a collective noun as being singular, distinguishing it from plural nouns RIT 211-220 Recognize which is not a correct irregular plural noun Identify a plural possessive noun Distinguish plural nouns from singular collective nouns, nouns that end in ‘s’, and possessive nouns Identify a noun that is an idea or a feeling, not just a person, place, or thing RIT 221-230 (221-230) (231-240) 37 Understand the meaning of a plural possessive noun Recognize the correct possessive form of a word Distinguish a possessive noun from a plural noun or a noun used as a contraction with ‘s for “is” Recognize the correct irregular plural form of nouns not commonly used (Latin roots like data-datum; open compounds like lady in waiting) Distinguish irregular plurals from words that are not plural Recognize the correct plural spelling of a noun ending in “y” when just an ‘s’ is added Recognize the correct plural forms of irregular and not frequently used plurals Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade ©State of Idaho 2003 ISAT “Sub-Goal” RIT 201-210 NounPronoun Antecedent Return to Curriculum Guide Phrases Return to Curriculum Guide RIT 211-220 Identify the noun replaced by a pronoun Replace more than one noun with the correct pronouns, matching gender and type of pronoun: nominative, objective, and possessive Use the correct pronoun in one sentence to match the number and gender in another: them Vocabulary: prepositional phrase Identify a prepositional phrase Recognize a phrase telling “which” 38 RIT 221-230 (231-240) Recognize clear or unclear pronouns-antecedents Recognize what part of the sentence a prepositional phrase modifies Recognize a prepositional phrase used as an adjective Recognize the meaning of a verb phrase (221-230) Recognize a simple noun phrase Recognize and identify a prepositional phrase containing ‘in’, ‘toward’, ‘with’, ‘around’, ‘into’ (231-240) Recognize and identify a prepositional phrase containing ‘within’ Recognize adverb and adjective phrases Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade ©State of Idaho 2003 ISAT “Sub-Goal” RIT 201-210 Pronoun Forms Return to Curriculum Guide Recognize the correct and incorrect use of nominative, objective, possessive, and demonstrative pronouns Use objective pronouns correctly in a complex sentence: Everyone except ___… Recognize correct and incorrect use of “their, they’re, and there” Use reflexive pronouns correctly: themselves RIT 211-220 Run-on Sentences & Fragments Return to Curriculum Guide 39 Recognize complete and incomplete sentences (first time this term appears) Recognize a group of words as an incomplete sentence or a question Identify which word in a sentence is the pronoun Recognize the correct and incorrect use of reflexive, nominative, possessive, and objective pronouns Understand the meaning of a pronoun: “all of us” = “we” Use nominative case pronouns correctly Use nominative pronouns correctly in compound subjects Recognize the correct and incorrect use of “I” in a compound subject or in a list Recognize the correct and incorrect use of reflexive pronouns: themselves, itself, herself, ourselves Use indefinite pronouns in a phrase correctly: “___ of the people were…” (few, each, one, either) Identify sentence fragments RIT 221-230 (221-230) Recognize the correct and incorrect use of nominative and objective case pronouns in complex sentences Use nominative pronouns followed by a noun correctly: We boys will… Use nominative pronouns correctly as the first word in a compound subject Use indefinite pronouns correctly: “___ of the girls is …” (many, some, either, several) Distinguish “that” used as a pronoun from “that” used as an adjective Recognize the correct and incorrect use of “who, who’s, and whose” Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade ©State of Idaho 2003 ISAT “Sub-Goal” RIT 201-210 Sentence Structure/ Type/Kind Return to Curriculum Guide Identify compound sentences Identify sentence patterns (some articles and possessive pronouns used in short, simple sentences): noun–verb, noun-verb-noun Change the word order and keep the same meaning Add a phrase to form a complete sentence Verbalize what sentence part is needed to form a complete sentence: subject, object, adjective, or subordinate clause RIT 211-220 Subject & Predicate Return to Curriculum Guide 40 Name the two main parts of a sentence RIT 221-230 Identify sentence patterns (sentences with articles, simple adjectives): noun-verb, noun-verbnoun, noun-verb-verb Identify a sentence as simple or compound Complete sentences correctly with words or phrases Recognize sentences with clear meaning and correct form Name the part of the sentence needed to complete a sentence: adjective to complete the linking verb Recognize complete complex sentences (221-230) Identify sentence patterns (sentences containing adjectives and helping verbs): noun-verb, noun-verb-noun, noun-linking verb-noun Determine the correct verb forms or verb phrases to use in compound or complex sentences (231-240) Identify a complex sentence Identify the subject of a sentence (221-230) Identify the predicate of a sentence Identify the part needed to complete a sentence: subject, object, or adjective to complete the linking verb Verbalize that a predicate contains a verb Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade ©State of Idaho 2003 ISAT “Sub-Goal” RIT 201-210 Subject/Verb Agreement Recognize the correct use of subjects or verbs in the following cases: o Singular subject – linking verb o Singular subject – main verb o Plural subject – linking verb o Plural subject – auxiliary verb Recognize the correct use of subjects or verbs in the following cases: o First person singular subject – main verb o Identify a singular subject by recognizing form of the verb in the predicate Sentences have more complex syntax and phrasing, more difficult vocabulary Identify sentences that tell past, present, or future Understand that sentences tell past, present, or future Identify which sentence tells past Return to Curriculum Guide Variety of Sentences Return to Curriculum Guide 41 RIT 211-220 RIT 221-230 (221-230) Recognize the correct use of subjects or verbs in the following cases: o Complex subject (“one of the __s”, “all of the __s”) – linking verb o “There” – linking verb – plural noun o Indefinite pronoun – linking verb Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade ©State of Idaho 2003 ISAT “Sub-Goal” RIT 201-210 Verb Tenses Return to Curriculum Guide Understand the tense and meaning of verbs, replace with similar verbs of the same tense and meaning Determine the correct verb tense to use in a sentence Determine the correct verb form to use in a sentence: irregular verbs, verbs used with auxiliary verbs Identify present tense verbs Determine the correct verb phrase to use in a sentence RIT 211-220 Determine the correct verb form to (221-230) use in a sentence Recognize sentences in which the subject of the sentence is the Identify the verb form not used “doer” of the action correctly in a sentence Recognize verbs that have the same form for both present and past tense Understand that there are names for various parts of speech; identify which word in a sentence is the verb Determine which verb to use in a sentence in which the auxiliary verb is separated from the main verb Understand the meaning of a complex verb phrase Determine which verb form is correctly used in a complex sentence Punctuation Appropriate Marks in Dialogue Return to Curriculum Guide 42 Use quotations in titles Use parentheses around nonessential phrases RIT 221-230 Use quotations in quoted material Use single quotation inside quotation marks Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade ©State of Idaho 2003 ISAT “Sub-Goal” RIT 201-210 Dependent and Independent Clauses/ Comma Usage Use commas between two main clauses in a complex sentence Use commas after participial phrases in a lengthy paragraph Use apostrophes in possessive plurals Use apostrophes with helping verb and “not” RIT 211-220 RIT 221-230 Use commas between two main clauses in a compound complex sentence Return to Curriculum Guide Prepositional, Participle and Appositive PhrasesComma Usage (231-240) Use commas around dependant clauses in compound, complex sentences Return to Curriculum Guide Use Apostrophes Return to Curriculum Guide 43 Use apostrophes for subject and helping verb contractions (221-230) Use apostrophes for plural possessives in a compound sentence Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade ©State of Idaho 2003 ISAT “Sub-Goal” RIT 201-210 Use Appropriate End Punctuation Return to Curriculum Guide Use Commas Appropriately Return to Curriculum Guide Use Underlining in Titles Return to Curriculum Guide Spelling 44 RIT 211-220 RIT 221-230 Identify different meanings of the same sentence when end punctuation is changed Identify incorrect end punctuation Identify periods when given a paragraph Use commas after a direct address in an imperative sentence Use commas after participial phrases in a lengthy paragraph Use commas in non-essential parenthetical phrases Use commas around interrupting phrases contained within the sentence Use commas in a direct quotation Use commas around non-essential phrases (221-230) Use commas to separate adverbial introductory clauses in a complex sentence Underline movie titles Underline magazine titles Identify correct punctuation in a 16-20 word compound sentence Use correct punctuation when sentence ends with an abbreviation Identify correct punctuation in a 57 sentence paragraph Underline play titles Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade ©State of Idaho 2003 ISAT “Sub-Goal” RIT 201-210 Accuracy and HighFrequency Words RIT 211-220 RIT 221-230 Format: Generally more difficult, commonly misspelled words Return to Curriculum Guide Application of Rules (prefixessuffixes) Recognize correctly and incorrectly applied basic spelling rules when adding endings or affixes Recognize when to double final consonant before adding ending Return to Curriculum Guide Conventional Rules Return to Curriculum Guide Distinguish the correct spelling of a word from incorrect versions Identify which word is or is not spelled correctly Writing Process 45 Troublesome spelling patterns: -ance/-ence ei/ie -ary/-ery plural form of words ending in “o” Tricky, troublesome words Distinguish which homograph is not correctly used Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade ©State of Idaho 2003 ISAT “Sub-Goal” RIT 201-210 Drafting and Revising Skills Return to Curriculum Guide Editing and Proofreading Processes Return to Curriculum Guide RIT 211-220 Use participial phrases in correct word order Use of figurative speech in context Select the best title for a piece of work Use precise language Correct use of transitional expressions Use vivid descriptors Use adverbial clauses in complex sentences Avoid run-on sentences Use sentence variety Use correct word order when using adjective phrases Use capitals in magazine, newspaper, essay and titles Use commas in letter closure Punctuate introductory dependant clauses Capitalize inside addresses Punctuate non-essential parenthetical phrases with commas RIT 221-230 Revise syntax for correct order Use subject-verb agreement Use a variety of sentences from simple to complex Use infinitive phrases to denote emphasis Use subordinating clauses Edit for misplaced modifiers Combine sentences to make compound and complex Use parts of a news story for complete description of an event Write strong conclusions (221-230) Use exaggeration to make statement Use adverbial clauses Ask leading questions Use gerund phrases (231-240) Use metaphors as a figure of speech Use commas in a series of participial phrases Use strong topic sentences with strong verbs Use capitals in a letter closure Use abbreviations in appropriate places (221-230) (231-240) 46 Use complex sentence order in paragraph Use verb phrases Use exaggerated figures of speech for emphasis Identify strong adverbs Identify indefinite pronouns Use metaphors for emphasis Conjugate irregular verbs correctly Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade ©State of Idaho 2003 ISAT “Sub-Goal” RIT 201-210 Pre-Writing Skills Return to Curriculum Guide RIT 211-220 Choose formal or informal language Select purpose of paragraph Choose syntax that illustrates point of view Outline expository mode Create comprehensive outlines Use compound sentence selection Outline verbiage for imaginative stories Categorize using main topic as guideline RIT 221-230 (221-230) Select words based on main topic Outline a complex topic selection Choose appropriate words for a selection Evaluate possible point of views (i.e. personification) Choose vivid descriptors Select method for brainstorming New Vocabulary Goal RIT 161-170 Capitalization Back to top capital letter, capitalized, underlined, sentence, missing words RIT 171-180 RIT 191-200 47 direct quotation, proper noun, place, phrase, address, magazine pronoun, name RIT 181-190 RIT 201-210 closing, book title, paragraph greeting, letter, title, note, list RIT 211-220 No new vocabulary above last RIT band. Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade ©State of Idaho 2003 New Vocabulary Goal RIT 161-170 Writing Composition and Structure Back to top poem, letter, story, ad, statement, command, question, exclamation, style, sentence, rhyme, book, paragraph RIT 171-180 RIT 191-200 title, information, review, author’s purpose, narration, persuasion, sequence, composition RIT 221-230 48 descriptive writing, incomplete sentence RIT 181-190 missing word, first, ending, last, greeting, describe RIT 201-210 exclamatory sentence, encyclopedia, supporting detail RIT 231-240 topic sentence, best order, correct order, chronological order, parts of a letter, passage, complete sentence, main idea RIT 211-220 limerick, formal essay, drama, declarative sentence, imperative sentence, interrogative sentence, tone, mood, pattern of organization Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade ©State of Idaho 2003 New Vocabulary Goal RIT 161-170 Grammar and Usage Back to top RIT 171-180 underlined, missing word, more than one, complete sentence, Standard English, pronoun, correct RIT 191-200 simple sentence, comparative forms, suffix 49 noun phrase, dependent clause, possessive noun, conjunction subject, predicate, incomplete sentence, runon sentence, phrase, verb, plural, question, paragraph, singular, action word, verb phrase, clause RIT 211-220 modifies, main clause, plural possessive, irregular verb, simple sentence, compound sentence, complex sentence, compound-complex sentence RIT 201-210 RIT 221-230 noun, past tense, wrong, word order RIT 181-190 fragment, compound sentence, prepositional phrase, present tense, adjective, nonstandard English, linking verb, adverb, possessive, dependent clause RIT 231-240 adverb phrase, adjective phrase, pronoun’s antecedent Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade ©State of Idaho 2003 New Vocabulary Goal RIT 161-170 Punctuation Back to top comma, contraction, punctuate, right mark, sentence RIT 171-180 RIT 191-200 quotation marks, possession, address, phrase, salutation, colon, semicolon RIT 221-230 50 plural possessive punctuation mark, exclamation point, question mark, apostrophe, period RIT 201-210 parentheses, hyphen, rough draft RIT 231-240 RIT 181-190 letter, ownership RIT 211-220 possessive noun Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade ©State of Idaho 2003 New Vocabulary Goal RIT 161-170 Writing Composition and the Writing Process Back to top sentence, letter, picture, period, capital letter, misspelled, proofread, missing word, choose, list, question, correct order RIT 171-180 underlined, phrase, describe, story, question mark, incomplete sentence, topics, main topic, outline, complete sentence RIT 181-190 comma, initials, compound sentence, main headings, punctuation mark, exclamation point, poem, book report, fairy tale, directions, advertisement, mood, catalog RIT 191-200 comparison, point of view, persuasive argument, narrative, description, quotation marks, syntax, title, revising, first draft, editing RIT 201-210 RIT 221-230 51 nonparallel construction, sentence fragment, faulty tense change, irony, exaggeration, fragment run-on sentence, formal and informal language, composition, simile, subheading, detail, subdetail, style, figure of speech, suffix, capitalization, caret (editing mark), research report, apostrophe RIT 231-240 RIT 211-220 tone, summary, synonym, personification, metaphor, fantasy, complex sentence, rough draft, personal narrative Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade ©State of Idaho 2003 APPROVED ISAT PROFICIENCY SCORES Return to Top Approved by the State Board of Education March 6, 2003 READING Basic Proficient Advanced 2 174 182 193 3 185 193 204 4 192 200 211 5 198 206 217 6 203 211 222 7 207 215 226 8 210 218 229 9 213 221 232 10 216 224 235 LANGUAGE Basic Proficient Advanced 2 176 184 197 3 186 194 207 4 193 201 214 5 200 208 221 6 204 212 225 7 207 215 228 8 211 219 232 9 213 221 234 10 214 222 235 MATH Basic Proficient Advanced 2 174 185 201 3 185 196 212 4 194 205 221 5 202 213 229 6 208 219 235 7 214 225 241 8 222 233 249 9 229 240 256 10 231 242 258 PROFICIENCY LEVELS DEFINITIONS Approved by the State Board of Education March 6, 2003 ADVANCED: Exceeds Standards Back to Top The student demonstrates thorough knowledge and mastery of skills that allows him/her to function independently above their current educational level. The student demonstrates a comprehensive understanding of all relevant information relevant to the topic at level. The student demonstrates comprehension and understanding of knowledge and skills above his/her grade level. The student can perform skills or processes independently without any significant errors. PROFICIENT: Meets Standards Back to Top The student demonstrates mastery of knowledge and skills that allow them to function independently on all major concepts and skills related to their educational level. 52 The student demonstrates a comprehensive understanding of all information relevant to the topic, at level. The student can perform skills or processes independently without any significant errors. Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade BASIC: Below Standards ©State of Idaho 2003 Back to Top The student demonstrates basic knowledge and skills usage but cannot operate independently on concepts and skills related to his/her educational level. Requires remediation and assistance to complete tasks without significant errors. The student has an incomplete knowledge of the topic and/or misconceptions about some information. The student requires assistance and coaching to complete tasks without errors. BELOW BASIC: Critically Below Standards Back to Top The student demonstrates significant lack of skills and knowledge and is unable to complete basic skills or knowledge sets without significant remediation. The student has critical deficiencies of relevant knowledge of topic and/or misconceptions about some information. The student cannot complete any skill set without significant assistance and coaching. Sample Test Items Basic Grammar and Usage RIT 201-210 Return Return Return Return Return Return Return Return Return Return Return Return Return Basic Grammar and Usage RIT 211-220 53 Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade 54 Return Return Return Return Return Return Return Return Return Return Return Return ©State of Idaho 2003 Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade ©State of Idaho 2003 Basic Grammar and Usage RIT 221-240 Return Return Return Return Return Return Return Return Return Return Capitalization RIT 201-210 Return Return Capitalization RIT 211-220 Return Return Capitalization RIT 221-240 Return Return Composing and Writing Process RIT 201-210 Return 55 Return Return Return Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade Composing and Writing Process RIT 211-220 Return Return Return Composing and Writing Process RIT 221-230 Return Return Return Composition Structure RIT 201-210 Return Return Return Return Composition Structure RIT 211-220 Return Return Return Return Composition Structure RIT 221-240 Return 56 Return Return Return ©State of Idaho 2003 Idaho State Curriculum Guide Language/Writing 6th Grade ©State of Idaho 2003 Punctuation RIT 201-210 Return Return Return Return Punctuation RIT 211-220 Return Return Return Return Return Punctuation RIT 221-240 Return Return Return Resources Return Return Return Return Return Return Return Return Return Return Return Return Return 57