1
conditionals
if-clause + main clause (result clause)
1) Zero:
2) First:
if + V1

V1 / Ving (Present Simple/ Present Continuous)
if + V1/Ving/ have+V3 (Present Simple/Present Continuous/Present Perfect) 
will /may/can/ must +V1

3) Second: if+ V2 / were / was ,were +Ving ( Past Simple/ Past Continuous)
would / could/ might + V1
4) Third:
if + had+ V3 (Past Perfect)  would/could/might + have + V3
5) Mixed: if + V2/ were ( 2nd type)  would have + V3 ( 3rd type)
Type/
Translation
ZERO
Настоящее
время


Condition
If-clause
Main/result clause
Always true
One real
action always
follows
another
1. When water freezes,
2. When I travel by boat,
3. If / When you mix red and
yellow,
. …it turns to ice.
…I’m always sick.
1. If you behave yourself,
2. If we’re leaving soon,
3. If I’ve finished,
….you can come.
….I’ll get home early.
….I’ll be able to come.
….you get orange.
FIRST
Будущее
время
Real possible
event in the
present or future
SECOND
Если бы…
Unreal situation 1. If I had enough money,
in the present or 2. If I lost my job,
future
…I’d retire.
…I might go abroad for a
while.
THIRD
Если бы….
Unreal situation
that didn’t happen
in the past
….I would have helped him.
….I couldn’t told you the
answer.
MIXED
Смесь 2го и
3го типов
When a past event 1. If you hadn’t invited me,
has an effect in
(= I’m at the party now)
the present
2. If you were more sensible,
1. If Ben had asked me,
2. If you’d asked,
…I wouldn’t be here now.
….you wouldn’t have spoken
to your boss like that.
2
CONDITIONALS (Practice)-7th form
Exercise 1. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.
1) If you......(busy), I.......(leave) you alone.
2) If I.....(see) her, I.....(be) glad.
3) If I....(live) in Moscow, I.....(visit) the
Tretyakov Gallery every year.
4) If I.....(get) the ticket, I....(go) to the show.
5) If my father.....(return) early, we.....(watch)TV
together.
6) If she....(know) English, she ......(try) to enter
the university.
7) If my friend....(come) to see me, I....(be) very
glad.
8) If my mother......(buy) a cake, we.....(have) a
very nice party.
9) If it.....(rain), we’ll have to stay at home.
10) I’d be delighted if I....(have) such a beautiful
fur-coat.
Exercise 2. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.
1) If he....(work) hard, he would have achieved
great progress.
2) If it is not too cold, I .....(not/put) on my coat.
3) I......(write) the composition long ago if you
had not disturbed me.
4) If he.....(not/read) so much, he would not be so
clever.
5) If my friend.....(be) at home, he’ll tell us what
to do.
6) If he were not such an outstanding actor,
he.....( not/have) so many admirers.
7) If you give me your address, I......(write) you a
letter.
8) If she .......(not/be) so absent-minded, she
would be a much better student.
9) If my sister does not go to the south,
we.....(spend) the summer in St.Petersburg.
10) If they .....( not/go) to Moscow last year, they
would not have heard that famous musician.
11) If you......(not/get) tickets for the
Philharmonic, we’ll stay at home.
12) If you were not so careless about your health,
you......(consult) the doctor.
13) If she......(ask) me yesterday, I’d certainly
have told her all about it.
14) If you.....(do) your morning exercises every
day, your health would be much better.
15) If he is not very busy, he.....(agree) to go to
the museum with us.
16) If I.....(not/be) present at the lesson, I would
not have understood this difficult rule.
17) If he reads 50 pages every day, his vocabulary
......(increase) greatly.
18) If they.....(know) it before, they would have
taken measures.
19) If I....(get) this book, I’ll be happy.
20) If you really loved music, you.....(go) to the
Philharmonic much more often.
Exercise 3. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.
1) If you had not wasted so much time,
you....(not/miss) the train.
2) If you......(not/miss) the train, you would have
arrived in time.
11) If I.....(have) this book, I’d lend it to you.
12) The dish would have been much more tasty if
she....(be) a better cook.
13) He never....(phone) you if I hadn’t reminded
3
3) You.....(not/miss) the teacher’s explanation if
you had arrived in time.
4) If you.....(understand) the rule, you would have
written the test successfully.
5) If you had written the test successfully,
you......(not/get) a ‘two’.
6) Your mother.....(not/scold) you if you had not
got a ‘two’.
7) If it......(snow), the children will play
snowballs.
8) If I......(not/know) English, I would not be able
to go to Britain.
9) I....(not/do) it if you did not ask me.
10) You will never finish your work if you
.....(waste) your time like that.
him to do that.
14) Your brother....( become) much stronger if he
took cold baths regularly.
15) If he.....(be) more courageous, he would not
be afraid.
16) If the fisherman had been less patient,
he.....(not / catch) so much fish.
17) If you....(put) the ice-cream into the fridge , it
would not have melted.
18) If I....(know) the result now, I would phone
her immediately.
19) If you had let me know yesterday, I......(bring)
you my book.
20) If you......(ring) me up, I’ll tell you a secret.
Test 1. Conditionals . Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.
1) She would have come to dinner if we......(invite) her.
2) If you had locked the door, the burglars .......(not/get) in.
3) Were I you, I ......... (put on) some warmer clothes.
4) Joan ........ (be able to) come to the party if she wasn’t working.
5) Paul ........(ruin) his shirt if he climbs that tree.
6) If Mark .........(be) younger, he could join the army.
7) She would have stayed at home if she......... (know) there would be so much traffic.
8) If you ......... (put) your keys in your pocket, you wouldn’t have lost them.
9) She will be here at eight unless she......... (lose) her way.
10) If I were you, I.......... (not/go) out in this weather.
Test 2. Conditionals . Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
Emily ...........(call) me if she had changed her mind.
If you like Tom Cruise, you ...........(love) this film.
Dave..........(be ) home at six o’clock, provided he catches the five o’clock bus.
If the machine stops, you........... (press) this button.
If you help me with this exercise, I...........(do) the same for you one day.
If it.......(be) fine tomorrow, we’ll go to the coast.
If I .........(know) you were coming, I’d have met you at the airport.
I don’t know how to play baseball, but I’m sure that if I ........(do) , I’d play a lot better than anyone in this awful
team.
9) Mark isn’t a serious athlete . If he trained harder, he.....(be) quite a good runner.
10) Ted never catches anything when he goes fishing. And if he caught a fish, he.......(throw) it back.
Test 3. Conditionals (Type 2) . Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.
1) If someone......(play) loud music late at night, I would complain.
2) If Tom won the lottery, he........(buy) a house in the country.
3) If she ..........(study) harder, she would do better in her exams.
4) If I........(buy) this jacket for you, would you wear it?
5) If the team........(try) harder, they would win the championship.
6) If Bill drove to work, he.........(get) there faster.
7) If I............(be) you, I would buy her a scarf.
8) If we moved house, I...........(miss) my friends.
9) If Julie...........(have) time, she would learn how to type.
10) If Tom............(be) taller, he would become a basketball player.
4
Test 4. Conditionals (Type 2).
I.
1)
2)
3)
4)
Complete the sentences .
If I studied harder,...........................
If I went to the supermarket,.............
If I were older,..................................
If I was ill,.........................................
5) If I lived near the sea, .......................
6) If I spoke Spanish fluently,.................
7) If my favourite football team won the
championship,...........
II. Rewrite the sentences below, as in the example.
Example: I won’t buy it. I don’t have enough money.  If I had enough money, I would buy it.
8) She won’t call you because she doesn’t have your telephone number.
9) I won’t make my bed. I don’t have time.
10) He won’t go to the theatre because he doesn’t like plays.
11) I won’t watch it. I don’t enjoy watching horror films.
Test 5 Practice: (8th form-intermediate)
1) If I ………(go) to the doctor, I……..(not have) a headache.
2) I……..(get) a “5” in my English test if I ……….(not miss) my lessons.
3) If she …..(come), she’ll help me with my French.
4) If I ………..(see) him tomorrow, I ……..(invite) him to the party.
5) If I ………….(be) more attentive, I wouldn’t make so many mistakes.
6) If I ……..(earn) more, I ……..(buy) you the car.
7) If I …..(go) to America last summer, I ……(brush up) my English.
8) If Ann ………(not come) in 5 minutes, we………(begin) our performance.
9) If it ……….(rain), we’re going to get wet.
10) If you ……….(become) a millionaire, you might be unhappy.
11) If the machine ….(stop), you ………(press) this button.
12) If you ………(help) me with this test, I……(do) the same for you one day.
13) According to the timetable, if the train………(leave) on time, we……(arrive) at 5.30.
14) If it………(be) fine tomorrow, we…………(go) to the coast.
15) I don’t like this flat. I think I…………(be) happier if I ……..(live) in a house in the country.
16) If you ……..(take) these tablets every day, then you ………..(lose) weight.
17) Why didn’t you tell me? If you ………(tell) me, I ……….(help) you.
18) Let me give you some advice. If you ……..(smoke) less, you ……….(feel) so tired.
19) If Bill ……..(drive) so fast, his car ………(crash) into a tree.
20) Mark isn’t a serious athlete. If he ……..(train) harder, he…….(be) quite a good runner.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Test (Conditionals- 8th -9th form: Intermediate)
Explain the situation using Conditionals (zero, 1st,2nd and 3rd types)
I.
1)
2)
3)
4)
II.
She never goes jogging and she doesn’t feel fit. However I doubt that she will do it.
Some people like animals and they keep a lot of pets at home.
She overslept and she was late for an important meeting.
We hope that he’ll come and then we’ll discuss this problem.
Answer the questions
5) What would you do or have if you were a millionaire?
6) What would your parents have given you if it had been your birthday last Sunday?
7) Where will you go if you have three days off?
III.
Put each verb in brackets into a suitable tense.
8) It’s a pity you were busy yesterday. If you……..(come) with us to the cinema, you…….(enjoy) the film.
9) It’s a beautiful thing. I ……..(buy) it if I ……..(can) afford it, but it is too expensive.
10) If Tom …….(take) my advice, he ……….(not get) into trouble. But now it’s too late to change anything.
5
11) Dick has got a new well-paid job. If he ……(save) some money, he ……..(buy) a car. I’m sure he can do
it.
IV.
There are mistakes in some sentences. Correct them.
12)
13)
14)
15)
If she had asked me the way, she would find this house yesterday.
If he knew English well, he could be offered a good job.
Ann will come to Sarah if she’ll call her in the evening.
He can’t drive . If he can drive, they would go to the South by car.
Practice Test : Conditionals #6
Choose the correct item.
1) If you had given me more time, I…. ( would make/ made/ would have made) a better report last
week.
2) If you …….(took/ have taken/ take) more exercise, you would feel better.
3) The team wouldn’t have lost the game if they ……..(trained/ would train / had trained) harder.
4) I’ll give you my address when I ……..(would find/ find/ found) somewhere ro live.
5) Many people would be out of work if that factory ………(will close down/ closes down/ closed
down).
6) If I was offered the job, I think I ………(take/ took/ would take) it.
7) Do you think he would be angry if I ……….(shall ask/ asked/ have asked) him to help me?
8) If I have time, I ……..(shall/ have/ will have) go to the meeting.
9) Would they come if we ……….(invited/ shall invite/ invite) them?
10) If I ……..(had known/ knew/ will know) his address, I would tell you.
11) If you ………(will study/ would study/ studied) more, you could learn English quickly.
12) If I …….(don’t go/ didn’t go/ won’t go) to the party, they would be offended.
13) What will you do if he …….(will not pay/ hasn’t pay/ doesn’t pay) you tonight?
14) If I were you, I…….(will sell/ would sell/ would have sold) this car.
15) If he ………(was looking/ had been looking/ have been looking ) where he was going, he wouldn’t
have walked into the wall.
16) If Ann ……..(doesn’t lend/ hadn’t lent/ hasn’t lent) me the money, I wouldn’t have been able to buy
the car.
17) This soup would taste better if it …….( has/ had/ will have) more salt in it.
18) He’ll be furious if he ever ……( finds out/ found out/ find out) about this.
19) I ……..(would run/ ran/ would have run) home if I’d known the football match was on TV.
20) The animals at the Zoo…….(died/ will die/ would die) unless they’re fed.
21) He……..(will buy/ would buy/ bought) a car provided that he passes his driving test.
22) If I were you, I……….(would see/ will see/ would have seen) a doctor.
23) If you ……….(didn’t take/ don’t take/ won’t take) your medicine, you won’t get better.
24) If I were you, I………..(will confess/ would have confessed/ would confess) my crime.
25) If she ………(wasn’t exhausted/ isn’t exhausted/ hadn’t been exhausted), she wouldn’t have gone
home early.
26) If you ………(don’t finish/ doesn’t finish/ didn’t finish) the book, you won’t understand the story.
27) Provided that you stay still, the bee………(won’t sting/ doesn’t sting/ didn’t sting) you.
28) If I ………(locked/ had locked/ has locked) my car, nobody would have stolen it.
29) I wish I …….(was knowing/ know/ knew) the answer.
30) He’ll give you some money as soon as he ……….(get/ will get/ gets) his salary.
31) If I ……….( saw/ had seen/ would see) her before, I would have recognized her .
32) Should you drink too much coffee, you ……..(won’t be able/ wouldn’t be able/ aren’t able) to sleep.
33) Had you brought a map, we……….(wouldn’t have got/ wouldn’t get/ didn’t get) lost.
34) Had he known about the meeting, I’m sure he…………(would come/ came/ would have come)
6
35) If the babysitter had not needed to leave, she …….( would stay/ would have stayed/ stayed) longer.
36) Unless the neighbours stop shouting, I ………(call/ shall call/ called) the police.
37) Would Tim mind if I ………(borrowed/ have borrowed/ would borrow) his bicycle without asking
him?
38) If somebody ………..(walked/ have walked/ would have walked) in here with a gun, I’d be very
frightened.
39) I’m sure Sue ………(understand/ will understand/ understands) if you explain the situation to her.
40) What would you do if you …….(won/ have won/ will win) a lot of money?
(Total: 40 marks)
Practice Test : Conditionals #7.
I.
Put the verbs in brackets into the appropriate form.
1. We wanted to go out yesterday but the weather was appalling. If it…….(be) a sunny day, we
………(go) for a picnic.
2. Mary was here not long ago. If you …….(come round) earlier, you ………(see) her.
3. Apparently , the government is planning to close the port in this town. If that …….(happen),
the town ……..(lose) a great deal of money.
4. I ……..(help) you with your maths homework if I ………(have) more time but I’m afraid I
haven’t got any spare time at all at the moment.
5. The government is expecting to win the next election, but if it …….(lose), the Prime
Minister …….(resign) from politics.
6. I am so glad that you took me to your friend’s birthday party. If we …….(go) there, I
……..(never meet) Steven.
7. It’s ridiculous that trains are so expensive. If fares …….(be) cheaper, I’m sure more people
……….(use) the train and …….(leave) their cars at home.
8. If she ……….(get) that job she’s applied for, she …….(be) delighted. I assume she’s got a
good chance of getting it.
9. Fortunately, the explosion took place at night when the streets were deserted. It ………(be)
a disaster if it ……(happen) in the middle of the day.
10. If I ……….(be) you, I ………(study) harder during the academic year. Now it is too late!
11. They’ve been married for twenty-five years now. However, I don’t think she …….(marry)
him if she …….(know) what a mean man he was.
12. He …….(have to) retake the exam next year if he …….(pass) it tomorrow.
25 marks
II.
Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first
sentence.
13. I only told you because I thought you would be interested. (TOLD) I ……you if I thought
you weren’t interested.
14. I won’t organize the party unless you arrange the food. (LONG)
I’ll organize the
party………arrange the food.
15. I think it would be a good idea to speak to the manager first. (WERE)
If …….speak to
the manager first.
16. If you do the washing up I’ll make the coffee. (PROVIDED)
I’ll make the
coffee……….the washing up.
7
17. You never enter competitions so you’ll never win anything. (MIGHT) If you entered
competitions……..something.
18. The reason I haven’t got much money is because they didn’t give me promotion. (POOR) If
they had given me promotion I ……..now.
19. I’ve been so happy since I met you. (MIGHT)
I……happy if I hadn’t met
you.
20. You have never been to the Bahamas. (WOULD)
If I……….to the Bahamas
on holiday.
8 marks
Total: (33 marks)
Practice Test : Conditionals #8.
Put the verbs in brackets into the appropriate form.
1) If my friend …….(have) green eyes, she’d look like a cat!
2) Water …….(boil) if you …….(heat) it to 100°C.
3) If it rains, I suppose I……..(have to use) my umbrella.
4) If a person …….(have) no oxygen to breathe, he or she quickly ………(die).
5) If you ……..( eat) meat, it goes off in a few days, and you have to throw it away.
6) If I …….(be) rich and beautiful, I…..(ask) Brad Pitt to marry me!
7) If you …….(scratch) my back, I…….(scratch) yours!
8) I’m quite poor, but if I ………(give) a million dollars, I could buy a Porsche.
9) If I run a bit late tonight, I…….(give) you a ring.
10) Can you tell Tim to call me if you ………(run) into him this morning?
11) Our boss, Richard, would love to run the London Marathon, but if he ever …….(do) ,
I…………(eat) my hat!
12) Tim’s very good-looking: if ……..(smile), all the girls swoon!
13) If you drop a fresh egg onto a hard floor, it …….( not always break). Eggshells are
surprisingly tough!
14) If you ……(sing) that terrible song again, I……(kill) you!
15) Did you know you can get cheaper rail tickets in the UK if you……..a student?
16) If he …….(ask) me out, I …….(may say) “Yes” or I may not!
17) If the sun …….(shine) in England, everything looks so beautiful and green. It’s just a pity
that the sun doesn’t shine so often.
18) Nobody has ever asked me to marry her. If somebody …….(do), I ……(have) a clue what to
say.
19) I’ll try to do my homework, but if it ……….(be) too difficult, I………(leave) it till
tomorrow and ask the teacher in class.
20) If the ice ……..(be) thick enough, we’ll be able to walk across the river.
21) I’m not going to wait for you if you ………..(be) late.
22) If you ……….(be) wrong this time, nobody will ask for your opinion again.
23) If she ……….(pass) the exams, we are going to take a long holiday.
24) If I ……..(be) you, I …….(never speak) to him again.
25) What ………(buy) today, if you ………(have) enough money)?
26) I think you were rude to her. If I …….(be) you, I …..(apologise).
27) Sorry, she’s not here at the moment. If I ………(see) her, I ……..(tell) her you’re looking
for her.
28) If you …….(do) that again, I………(kill ) you!
29) She …….(never come) to Spain if her brother ……….(be) there.
30) If you ……….(be) in my situation, what ………(do)?
8
31) If you ………(smoke) so many cigarettes, you wouldn’t cough so much.
32) You find it much easier to get up in the morning if you ……..(go) to bed earlier.
33) If she ……..(not find) a job in that office, she …..(not meet) the man she finally married.
34) If you …….(buy) two cheeseburgers, you ……..(get) one free.
35) If I ………(not get up late) , I …………(not miss) the train, and if I ……….(not miss ) the
train , I would not have been late ) for work.
Total 55 marks
Test #9 A
Conditionals.
I. What would you do if those things happened to you? Finish the sentences.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
If I went to New York, ……………….
If I found a rare animal, ………………
If I forgot to do my homework,……….
If I saw a bank robber,………………….
If I won a lot of money,…………………
5 marks
II.
Choose the correct item.
6. If you had given me more time, I…. ( would make/ made/ would have made) a better
report last
week.
7. If you …….(took/ have taken/ take) more exercise, you would feel better.
8. The team wouldn’t have lost the game if they ……..(trained/ would train / had trained)
harder.
9. I’ll give you my address when I ……..(would find/ find/ found) somewhere ro live.
10. Many people would be out of work if that factory ………(will close down/ closes down/
closed down).
11. If I was offered the job, I think I ………(take/ took/ would take) it.
12. Do you think he would be angry if I ……….(shall ask/ asked/ have asked) him to help
me?
13. If I have time, I ……..(shall/ have/ will have) go to the meeting.
14. Would they come if we ……….(invited/ shall invite/ invite) them?
15. If I ……..(had known/ knew/ will know) his address, I would tell you.
10 marks
III. Put the verbs in brackets into the appropriate form.
16. If my friend …….(have) green eyes, she’d look like a cat!
17. Water …….(boil) if you …….(heat) it to 100°C.
18. If it ……..(rain) , I suppose I……..(have to use) my umbrella.
19. If a person …….(have) no oxygen to breathe, he or she quickly ………(die).
20. If you ……..( eat) meat, it goes off in a few days, and you have to throw it away.
9
21. If I …….(be) rich and beautiful, I…..(ask) Brad Pitt to marry me!
22. If you …….(scratch) my back, I…….(scratch) yours!
23. I’m quite poor, but if I ………(give) a million dollars, I could buy a Porsche.
24. If I run a bit late tonight, I…….(give) you a ring.
25. Can you tell Tim to call me if you ………(run) into him this morning?
15 marks
Total: 30 marks
Test #9 B
Conditionals.
I. What would you do if those things happened to you? Finish the sentences.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
If I found $1000, ………………………..
If I forgot my best friend’s birthday,………
If I met somebody famous,……………..
If I lost my friend’s favourite book,…….
If I became the President,……………………
5 marks
II.
Choose the correct item.
6. If you ………(will study/ would study/ studied) more, you could learn English quickly.
7. If I …….(don’t go/ didn’t go/ won’t go) to the party, they would be offended.
8. What will you do if he …….(will not pay/ hasn’t pay/ doesn’t pay) you tonight?
9. If I were you, I…….(will sell/ would sell/ would have sold) this car.
10. If he ………(was looking/ had been looking/ have been looking ) where he was going, he
wouldn’t have walked into the wall.
11. If Ann ……..(doesn’t lend/ hadn’t lent/ hasn’t lent) me the money, I wouldn’t have been
able to buy the car.
12. This soup would taste better if it …….( has/ had/ will have) more salt in it.
13. He’ll be furious if he ever ……( finds out/ found out/ find out) about this.
14. I ……..(would run/ ran/ would have run) home if I’d known the football match was on TV.
15. The animals at the Zoo…….(died/ will die/ would die) unless they’re fed.
10 marks
III. Put the verbs in brackets into the appropriate form.
16. If you ……….(be) wrong this time, nobody will ask for your opinion again.
17. If she ……….(pass) the exams, we are going to take a long holiday.
18. If I ……..(be) you, I …….(never speak) to him again.
19. What ………(buy) today, if you ………(have) enough money)?
20. I think you were rude to her. If I …….(be) you, I …..(apologise).
21. Sorry, she’s not here at the moment. If I ………(see) her, I ……..(tell) her you’re looking
for her.
10
22. If you …….(do) that again, I………(kill ) you!
23. If you ……….(be) in my situation, what ………(do)?
24. If you ………(smoke) so many cigarettes, you wouldn’t cough so much.
15 marks
Total: 30 marks
CONDITIONALS.
WISH and IF ONLY
We use the verb wish and the expression if
Verb tense
+ past simple / past 
I wish / if only
continuous



+ past perfect

only (which is more emphatic than wish) to express a wish.
I wish I were a millionaire. (but I’m not)
If only I had blonde hair. (but I don’t)
I wish we were travelling by train. (but we
aren’t)
If only Ted wasn’t living so far away. (but
he is)
I wish I had taken their advice. (but I
didn’t)
If only I had studied harder. (but I didn’t)
Use
To say that we would
like something to be
different in the present
To express regret about
something
which

happened or didn’t
happen in the past.
+ subject + would
 I wish you would stop playing your music To express:
so loudly.
 Polite imperative
 If only the wind would die down.
 Desire
for
a
situation
or
someone’s
behaviour
to
change
! After the subject pronouns I and WE, we use COULD instead of would. * I wish I could come with you.
! We can use WERE instead of WAS after WISH or IF ONLY. * If only he was/were more patient.
! We can form conditionals by using :
 UNLESS * Unless you help me, I won’t finish on time. (= If you don’t help me……….)
 PROVIDING/PROVIDED THAT
* I’ll water the plants providing/ provided (that) I have time this
afternoon. (……….if I have time……..)
 SO/ AS LONG AS
* So/ As long as you promise to be back by midnight, you can go to the party. (If
you promise……)
 ON CONDITION THAT
* He agreed to work Saturdays on condition that he was paid overtime.
(……if he was paid…….)
 WHAT IF
* ‘ I’ll take Dad’s car tomorrow night’. ‘What if he needs it?’ (=What will you do if he
needs it?)
 SUPPOSE/ SUPPOSING
* Suppose/ Supposing you were fired, what would you do? (= If you were
fired,…………)
 OTHERWISE
* We’d better leave now. Otherwise we’ll miss our flight. (If we don’t leave now, we’ll
miss our flight.)
 BUT FOR / AND * But for your advice, I wouldn’t have been able to solve my problems. (If you hadn’t
advised me,………..) * Do that again and I’ll punish you. / Don’t do that again or I’ll punish you. ( If you
do that again……….)
 EVEN IF
* I wouldn’t go to the party even if they invited me.
 IN CASE OF/ IN THE EVENT OF * In case of/ In the event of a fire, sound the alarm. (If there is a
fire,…………)
Exercise 1. Complete the sentences as in the example:
I’m so shy. I don’t know what to say to people. – I wish I weren’t so shy. If only I knew what to say to people.
11
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
11)
12)
13)
14)
15)
16)
17)
I get embarrassed so quickly. I wish…………..
I can’t relax. I wish……………..
I find it so difficult to make friends. I wish………….
I’m not good-looking. I wish…………..
My ears are so big. If only……….
If only the children ……(stop) yelling. I’ll ask them to be quiet.
I wish John…….(listen) to my advice. You should try talking to him again.
I wish you………..(pay) more attention to your teacher’s instructions yesterday. But I did, Mum.
If only we …(attend) the performance of Romeo and Juliet yesterday. We could go on Sunday if you like.
I wish I……….(know) how to cook. Don’t worry, I’ll teach you.
If only you ……..(be) here, Mum! Don’t worry, I’ll be there tomorrow.
Will Sue be going with you to New York? She wishes she …….(come) , but unfortunately she’s very busy at
the moment.
If only people ……(not throw) their rubbish in the streets. Fortunately, the town council is setting up a
campaign next month.
I wish he………(explain) exactly what he wants me to do every day. Why don’t you ask him to be more clear?
I wish you……..(help) me with the housework more often. I’m sorry, I’ll try to do so from now on.
I wish they……(study) more. Their exams start soon.
If only I…..(not forget) to post that letter. Never mind, you can post it tomorrow instead.
Exercise 2. Some people are complaining about the things they would like other people to do or to stop doing.
Complete the sentences, using the expressions:
* take their litter home
*pick the flowers * clean the bath after they’ve used it * do their homework on
time
* feed the animals
* keep together on a tour
1) A zoo keeper: ‘I wish people………….’
2) A teacher: ‘I wish my students……..’
3) A hotel chambermaid:’ If only guests………’
4) A park keeper: ‘I wish people……………’
5) A street cleaner: ‘ If only people…………..’
6) A travel guide: ‘ I wish people…………….’
Exercise 3. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence.
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
I’d love to have more money. I wish………………….
I’m very sorry I was rude to Jim’s wife. I wish………..
Why doesn’t Peter listen to me! If only……………….
Ann is sorry she ate so much chocolate. Ann wishes………
I’d really like to live in the country. I wish………………….
Why can’t we find a cure for cancer! If only…………………
Why doesn’t it stop raining! I wish…………………………..
Exercise 4.
Fill in IF or UNLESS
1) ………..you decide to come to the party, give us a call.
2) ………..you give up junk food , you won’t lose any weight.
3) ………..you forget your keys, you can use my spare ones.
4) …………there is a lot of traffic, I’ll be home early.
5) …………they call while I’m out, tell them I’ll be back later.
6) …………she studied hard, she’ll pass the exams.
7) ………….he passes his driving test, he can’t buy a car.
8) ………….they invite him to the party, he won’t go.
9) ………….you find any clues, call me.
10) ………….there is a delay, her train will arrive at 6.
11) …………they start saving money now, they won’t be able to go on holiday next summer.
12) …………we finish the project before Friday, the boss will be very pleased.
Exercise 5. Choose the correct verb.
1) If they ……..(were looking/ had looked) at the map before they left, they wouldn’t have got lost.
2) If they ……(eat/ are eating) dinner, I won’t disturb them.
3) If Sue has invited us to the party, we ………(should buy/buy) her a gift.
12
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
11)
12)
13)
14)
15)
If I don’t feel well tomorrow, I ………(couldn’t/ won’t ) go to work.
If the car alarm …….(goes off/ is going off) , press the button on my key-ring to stop it.
I wonder if she ……(is remembering/ will remember to post the letter.
If the mayor ……..(should/ would) call, tell him I’m busy.
If you ……..(don’t/ haven’t) finish your homework, you can watch your favourite programme.
If it……….(is raining/rains) when you leave, take an umbrella.
If you…….(will wait/ are waiting), I’ll see if the doctor can see you.
If Sam…….(has laid/ is laying) the table, I can serve dinner.
Does water turn into ice when it ….(will freeze/ freezes)?
If you ……..(will behave/ behave) yourself, Dad may take you to the park.
If he ………(will finish/ finishes) work early, he may go to the theatre.
If I …..(went/ would go) to bed earlier, I wouldn’t be late for work so often.
Exercise 6. Give the short form of the conditionals.
1) If you should need a loan, ask the bank manager.
2) If you had followed my directions, you wouldn’t have got lost.
3) If he were more sociable, he would have more friends.
4) If they should need a place to stay, I can put them up.
5) If Lewis had gone to the party, he would have seen Jane.
6) If you should see Ben, please ask him to contact me.
7) If Mike were the manager, he would make lots of changes.
8) If Pete had left earlier, she would have caught the bus.
9) If James had more free time, he would join a gym.
10) If Alex were younger, he would have got the job.
11) If you should be bored on Saturday, give me a call.
12) If Bill should call while I’m out, tell him I’ll be back soon.
Exercise 7. Fill in the gaps with an appropriate verb.
1) I’m not very tall, but I wish I……….
2) She doesn’t understand Maths, but she wishes she………
3) He can’t ride a horse, but he wishes he ………..
4) I haven’t got a house of my own, but I wish I……..
5) They probably won’t lend me the money, but I wish they……….
6) We didn’t go to the wedding, but we wish we……….
7) He can’t speak German fluently, but he wishes he ………..
8) I’m not very artistic, but I wish I……….
9) She hasn’t got any sisters, but she wishes she……..
10) They didn’t see the play, but they wish they…….
11) He can’t go to the football match, but he wishes he…….
12) I didn’t watch the film on TV, but I wish I……..
Exercise 8.
Rewrite the following sentences to express either a regret or a desire for a situation or
someone’s behaviour to change.
1) Karen talks all the time in class. I wish Karen………
2) I broke my brother’s new toy car.
3) Kevin leaves all his books on the floor.
4) I’m not old enough to go on holiday alone.
5) I haven’t got a pet.
6) I haven’t been to London.
7) I don’t know how to ride a bicycle.
8) I didn’t study for the Geography test.
9) I forgot my best friend’s birthday.
10) Liz practises playing the drums late at night.
11) I argued with my boss yesterday.
12) Tony always forgets to lock the back door.
13) I would like to go to Joe’s party, but I can’t.
14) I didn’t ask him to help me.
Exercise 9.
Choose the correct item.
13
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
11)
12)
13)
14)
15)
16)
If you hadn’t eaten all those sweets, you……….. ( won’t have / don’t have/ wouldn’t have) stomach ache.
If we ……..(had left/ leave/ left) now, we’ll catch the last bus.
……….(Were/ Had/ Should) she been more careful, she wouldn’t have broken her arm.
If I got lost in the forest, I………..(would have used/ would use/will use) a compass to help me find my way.
I wish Sandra ………(would/ could/ might) let me use her computer.
When you ……..(could peel/ had peeled/ peel) an onion, your eyes water.
If you ……..(would have been/ could be/ had been) more experienced, you would have got the job.
I don’t know if Carol ……..(will agree/ agree/ should agree) to sell the house.
………(Would/ Will/ Should) you need any help moving, give me a call.
………(If/ Unless/ Providing) you hang up your clothes, they’ll get creased.
If the museum is open tomorrow, we……….(will go/ have gone/ would go) to the exhibition.
Were he more sensitive, he………(wouldn’t/ couldn’t/ mustn’t) have said such a horrible thing.
If he hadn’t fought with his boss, he ………(wouldn’t have lost/ don’t lose/ will lose) his job.
If I ………(will get up /had got up/ get up) now, I won’t be late for work.
………..( Will/ Should/ Would) you need any more information, ask John.
……….(Would/ Should/ Unless) you have already made plans, we can go to the supermarket this afternoon.
Exercise 10.
Choose the correct item
1) I’ll lend you the money ……..(on condition that / unless) you pay it back soon.
2) ………(Even if/ But for) her help, I’d be in trouble now.
3) ………(Unless/ Provided) it stops raining, we won’t be going to the park.
4) I couldn’t lend them the money……..(even if/ or) I wanted to.
5) Try to be here on time,…….(and/ otherwise) we’ll miss the beginning of the film.
6) ‘I’ll wear Mum’s necklace for the party’. ………(What if/ Otherwise) you lose it?
7) ………(Supposing/ Providing) we went to London- what could we do there?
8) Be late again…….(provided/ and) you’ll have to see the manager.
9) ……….(In case of/ On condition that) an emergency, call this number.
10) You can go to the party…….(in case of/ as long as) you are at home before 11 pm.
11) Don’t shout ……(or/ what if) you’ll wake the baby.
Test 1. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
11)
12)
13)
14)
15)
I wish Paul ………(tell) me what is wrong with him. Yes. He seems very upset, doesn’t he?
I wish I ………….(not shout) at the children like that. Why? They were being very naughty.
I wish you……..(tidy) your room more often. Sorry. I’ll try to.
I wish I ………..(practice) harder before the concert. I thought you performed very well.
If only Stuart ………(call) me. Don’t worry. I’m sure he’ll phone soon.
I wish I ……..(be) back at school again. Those were great days, weren’t they?
I wish Mark……..(stop) playing his music so loudly. Why don’t you ask him to turn it down?
If only I ……….(buy) those shoes we saw today. Why not go back and buy them tomorrow?
I wish you……….(try) harder with your Maths homework. Sorry. I find it very difficult.
If only we………(go) to France last summer. We could go this year if you like.
I wish I …………(afford) some new CDs. Would you like to borrow some of mine?
If only it………….(stop) raining. Yes. Then we could go for a walk.
Are you going to Joanne’s party on Saturday? No. I wish I ……….(go) , because I’m sure it will be fun.
I wish you ……….(help) with the housework more often. What would you like me to do?
I’m bored. I wish I ……..(arrange) to go out this evening. I’m going to the cinema. Why don’t you come, too?
Test 2. Choose the correct item.
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
If you …….(don’t hurry/ will hurry), you’ll miss the train.
What ..(can/ will ) I do if she refuses to listen to me?
His French won’t improve …..(provided/ unless) he studied more.
If I ………(had/ will have) more time , I would take up tennis.
If I …….(were/ would be) in your position, I’d buy a new suit.
I ………(had been/ would have been/ would be/ will be) happy to advise you if you’d asked me.
If she……..(would have passed/ has passed/ passed/ had passed) her driving test, she would have bought a car.
I wouldn’t have lent him the money if he……..(has not been/ wasn’t been/ hadn’t been/ couldn’t be) desperate.
If you’d run faster, you……..(should’ve caught/ wouldn’t catch/ could’ve caught/ might catch) the bus.
14
10) If I hadn’t worked hard when I was young I ……(won’t have been/ would be/ hadn’t been/ wouldn’t be)
where I am now.
11) I wish I ……..(have/ had/ will have/ has) more money.
12) If only I ……(will be/ be/ being/were) a little bit slimmer.
13) I do wish you …….(to/ will/ did/ would) make less noise.
14) I wish we…….(were traveling/ will travel/ would travel/ had traveled) on the same flight tomorrow.
15) If only I …….(have had/ will have/ was having/ had had) the chance to study when I was younger.
Test 3.
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
11)
12)
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in brackets.
Bruce wishes he…….(have) more money so he could buy a new sweater.
I wish it ……..(snow) now that it’s Christmas.
I wish I …….(be) taller so that I could be in the basketball team.
I wish you……(stop) watching television while I am talking to you.
I wish you……..(do) that. It annoys me.
I wish the holidays ……..(come) so we could go off to the seaside.
I wish they ……(build) that block of flats right in front of our window.
Of course Tom wishes he……..(come) with us Paris, but he has to stay here and work.
I wish we……..(go) to the match on Saturday but we’re visiting my uncle instead.
I wish you………(keep) your mouth shut yesterday. Now Mary knows everything.
If only……..(lose) all my money. Now I’m broke.
Peter is always late. If only he………….(turn up) on time for a change!
Test 60 (Grammar 6). Choose the correct item.
1) Peter………..spending money.
1) a) hate
b)hating
2) She…………….like cold weather.
2) a)doesn’t
b)don’t
3) How many students……….there in your class?
3) a)is
b)are
4) Tara’s…………..a friendly smile.
4) a)has
b)got
5) ……………I have some water, please?
5) a)Do
b)Am
6) What……….Laura do? She’s a dancer.
6) a)does
b)can
7) I’m…………..my friend this evening.
7) a)see
b)seeing
8) Sarah and I………..from Italy.
8) a)haven’t
b)isn’t
9) This is a picture of………and my father.
9) a)me
b)I
10) Look at………… They’re crying.
10) a)their
b)them
11) Where…….Sue from?
11) a)is
b)do
12) ………….Ann like eating spaghetti?
12) a)Do
b)Does
13) Excuse me, I …….for Mrs Smith.
13) a)looks
b)am looking
14) I……..cooking an hour ago.
14) a)finished
b)finish
15) He ……….to smoke but he doesn’t anymore.
15) a)used
b)use
16) ……………I come to the park with you?
16) a)Have
b)Do
17) They………..flying to NY in two hours.
17) a)are
b)can
18) What………..you usually do in the evenings?
18) a)does
b)do
19) I always drive to work but yesterday I…….the bus.
19) a)took
b)take
20) He…………….got two brothers and a sister.
20) a)haven’t
b)have
c)hates
c)hasn’t
c)have
c)have
c)Can
c)has
c)sees
c)aren’t
c)my
c)they
c)are
c)Is
c)look
c)finishing
c)uses
c)Can
c)have
c)are
c)takes
c)has
Test 70 (Grammar -7 when/if ) Put the verbs in brackets into the future simple or the present continuous.
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
The repairman ………(come) to fix the washing machine tomorrow.
A: I’m cold. B: I……….(get) you an extra blanket.
……………(you/drive) me to the airport on Tuesday?
Rachel…….(fly) to the Bahamas next week.
My son………..(be) five in August.
She ……………(have) lunch with Den this afternoon.
…………….(you/do) the washing-up please?
Rob and Molly…………..(celebrate) their wedding anniversary on Sunday.
When…………….(the Greens/ leave) for Lima.
People…………….(live) in underwater cities in the future.
Test 71 (Grammar-7 when/if ) Put the verbs in brackets into the present simple or future simple.
15
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
If Mark………(repair) the boat , we………….(go) fishing.
When you…………..(come) home, I …………(read) you the letter.
When I………..(grow) up, I………..(become) an astronaut.
If she………….(call me, I………(tell) her the news.
If he……..(not/cook) dinner, we ………………..(order) a pizza.
When
Barbara …………..(open) the door, we………..(sing) Happy Birthday.
You……….(burn) yourself if you………(not/be) careful.
If Debbie………..(not/finish) late, she………..(do) the shopping.
When Ann………….(graduate) she…………..(travel) abroad.
I………….(buy) you a magazine when I……….(come) home from work.
Test 72 (Grammar-7 when/if ) Fill in the gaps with IF or WHEN and correct form of the verbs in brackets.
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
…………..you get to the end of the street, you………(see) a bank.
………..he works hard, he…………..(become) successful.
…………..I don’t study, I……..(not/pass) the exams tomorrow.
……….Amanda graduates, she……..(start) looking for a job.
I………….(call) my doctor tomorrow, ……………I don’t feel well.
………….I get to the office, I ………….(send) a fax.
…………..I am 18, my father………(buy) me a car.
I…………..(tell) Karen to give you a ring…………..she wakes up.
………..Jim…………..(not/arrive) on time they will leave without him.
You……….(catch) a cold………..you don’t wear your coat.
Test 73 (Grammar-7 when/if ) Fill in the gaps with the correct TIME WORD and correct form of the verbs in
brackets.
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
A: Can we start painting the house? B: No. We…....(paint) it …(when/until) I ……..(buy) some paint.
A: I…….(not/have) dinner……….(as soon as/until) you get home. B: OK. I………….(not/be) late.
A: If Jeff calls……….(before/while) I……………(leave), let me know.
B: Alright.
A: We…………..(have) a big party………..(after/while) he………..(graduate). B: That’s a great idea!
A: You forgot to put petrol in the car again. B: Oh ,dear! I promise I………..(do) it ………(before/until)
I……………………(go) to work tomorrow morning.
A: ………….(you/visit) us ……….(while/when) you…………(be) in town? B: Of course I will.
A: I………….(water) the plants…….(when/while) I……….(finish) cooking.
B: OK.
A: Is your dog dangerous? B: No, it isn’t. It only………..(bark)……….(when/before) it ………..(see) a
stranger.
…………….( Before/ As soon as) we……….(finish) dinner, I’ll serve some ice cream.
Susan ……….(call ) us ……….(until/when) she………..(arrive).
Test 74.
(Grammar-7 time words) Put a tick next to the sentences which are correct and cross out the
unnecessary word in the sentences that are incorrect.
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
As soon as we will reach Crete, we must try some of the local dishes.
Take the rubbish out before you will go.
After I will do my shopping, I’ll have lunch with a friend.
By the time I will leave university, I’ll be twenty-two.
When you see Ross, tell him I was looking for him.
If you will run into John, give him my regards.
After we finish studying, we’ll go to the park.
You have to see the doctor before you will leave hospital.
16
9) When will he post the parcel?
10) I really don’t know when he will come back.
Test 75 (Grammar-7 when/ if )
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
11)
12)
13)
14)
15)
16)
17)
18)
19)
20)
Before you…..(cross) the park, you ………..( come) to the supermarket.
If you……….(translate) this article into Russian, I….(use) it in my report.
When my friend………….(come) to St Petersburg, we……….(go) to the Russian Museum.
If you……….(not/hurry), you……..(miss) the train.
What will you be doing when he…..(come) to your place?
Don’t forget to pay for your dinner before you………..(leave) the canteen.
Where ……….(you/go) when ……..(you/come) to London?
What………..(you/do) if you……….(not/finish) your homework tonight?
What ……….(he/do) if his TV set……….(break)?
As soon as I ………(return) from school, I………..(ring) you up.
I …………(stay) at home till she……….(come).
After I………..(finish) school, I………(enter) the University.
When he….(return) to St Petersburg, he ………..(call) on us.
If I ……..(see) him, I ……….(tell) him about their letter.
We………..(gather) at our place when my brother………….(come) back from Africa.
What ……….(you/do) when you ………..(come) home?
When they ………….(cross) the road, they……..(see) the hotel.
Before she ………..(get) to the theatre, she………(go) past the shopping center.
What ……….(she/do) if she ……….(see) her best friend again?
If it…….(be) very cold tonight, our car……….(not/ start) in the morning.
Test 76. ( Grammar-7 time words)
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
Choose the correct item.
(As soon as/ Until ) he had finished his lunch, he went back to work.
We didn’t touch anything (until/ as) the police arrived.
Please return the books (while/ as soon as) you have finished with them.
I saw the accident (since/ while) I was working in the garden.
(When/Since) we got home, we realized our dog was missing.
The taxi arrived (as/ whenever) I was locking the door.
(After / While) he had checked into the hotel, he went to get something to eat.
I’d love to see you (before/ by the time) you leave.
Can you buy me a carton of orange juice (when/ until) you go shopping, please?
(Since/ As long as) he moved to the countryside he’s been more relaxed.