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Study Questions Chapter8 with key
演讲的艺术考试
Study Questions for English Public Speaking
Chapter 8
Beginning and Ending the Speech
True-False Questions
1. T
T
2.
3.
4. T
F
5.
6.
F
7.
F
8.
F
9.
F
F
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10.
F
11.
F
12.
F
13. T
It is seldom a good idea to discuss the importance of your topic in the
introduction of a speech.
If your topic is clear in the body of the speech, there is no need to state it in
the introduction.
A startling introduction is effective only if it is firmly related to the speech topic.
Opening your speech with a lengthy quotation is an excellent way to gain the attention
of your audience.
Credibility is the audience's perception of whether a speaker is qualified to speak
on a given topic.
One function of a preview statement is to signal that the body of the speech is about
to begin.
The preview statement is usually the last component of an introduction and serves
as a bridge to the body of the speech.
A preview statement is usually necessary in the introduction even when a speaker is
addressing an audience that is well-informed about the topic. Under normal
circumstances the introduction should constitute about 10 to 20 percent of a speech.
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Under normal circumstances, you should work out the exact wording of your introduction
after you have finished preparing the body of your speech.
As your textbook explains, working out a speech introduction in detail can help reduce
a speaker’s sense of stage fright.
A “rhetorical question” is a question that the audience answers mentally rather
than out loud.
One function of a speech conclusion is to establish the credibility of the speaker.
14. T
It is inappropriate for a public speaker to say anything so obvious as “in
conclusion.”
The only way to convey that your speech is ending is through the use of words such
as “In conclusion.”
A speech conclusion that builds in power and intensity as it moves toward the closing
line is known as a crescendo ending.
A speech conclusion that builds in power and intensity as it moves toward the closing
line is known as a dissolve ending.
The crescendo conclusion is essentially a matter of the speaker getting louder and
louder as the speech comes to an end.
The conclusion of Martin Luther King’s “I Have a Dream” is a good example of a
crescendo ending.
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It is overly repetitious to restate the central idea in the conclusion of a speech.
Using a quotation is one of the most common and effective ways to conclude a speech.
When concluding a speech, it is inappropriate to refer back to ideas mentioned in
the introduction.
The conclusion should normally comprise about 5 to 10 percent of a speech.
One function of a speech conclusion is to reinforce the speaker’s central idea.
15. T
16.
17. T
18. T
20. T
21.
F
22. T
23.
F
24.
F
19.
F
F
Multiple Choice Questions
question by circling the correct letter.)
the following is a basic objective of a speech introduction?
37. Which of
a. b. c. d. * e. reinforce the central idea preview the main points
38.
gain the attention of the audience all of the above b and c only
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All of the following are basic objectives of a speech introduction except a. establish
credibility and goodwill. * b. support your main points.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
d. preview the body of the speech.
e. get the audience’s attention and interest.
Even when you use other interest-arousing lures in a speech introduction, you should
always a. b. * c. d. e.
startle the audience.
use a rhetorical question.
relate the topic to the audience. tell an interesting story. present striking
statistics.
When preparing a speech introduction, you should usually a. b. c. * d. e.
preview the main points to be discussed in the body. gain the attention and interest
of your audience. establish your credibility on the speech topic. all of the above.
a and b only.
When preparing a speech introduction, you should usually a. b. c. d. * e.
reveal the topic of the speech.
support the central idea with evidence. preview the main points of the speech. all
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of the above. a and c only.
Which of the following would you be most likely to find in a speech introduction?
a. * b. c. d. e.
a visual aid
a preview statement an internal summary a research citation a quotation
Which of the following would you most likely find in a speech introduction? a. b.
c. * d. e.
a transition
an internal summary a lengthy quotation a startling statement a causal argument
Which of the following would you most likely find in a speech introduction? * a. a
credibility statement
45.
46.
48.
c. d. e. a causal argument an internal summary a call to action
Which of the following would you least likely find in a speech introduction? a. b.
c. d. * e.
a preview statement
an announcement of the topic a brief quotation
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a credibility statement an internal summary
Which of the following would you least likely find in a speech introduction? a. *
b. c. d. e.
a preview statement a call to action
a credibility statement a provocative quotation a startling statement
In the introduction of his speech on the Special Olympics, Mason mentioned that he
had attended the events last year to cheer on a family friend who was competing in
some races. Sharing this information with the audience helped Mason achieve which
goal of a speech introduction? a. b. c. * d. e.
relating to the audience generating emotional appeal
stating the importance of the topic establishing credibility previewing the body
49.
Which objective of a good speech introduction is fulfilled by the following statement?
Today we will explore the three most important forms of intellectual property
protection—copyrights, trademarks, and patents.
* a. b. c. d. e. preview the body
establish the speaker’s goodwill state the importance of the topic summarize the
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introduction relate to the audience
50.
The following passage from a speech introduction is an example of After attending
a seminar on currency security, I became fascinated by the technology developed by
the Treasury Department to prevent the counterfeiting of paper money. I learned more
about the subject by reading information from the Treasury Department, as well as
by interviewing Donna Marshall, a security expert at Bank of America.
51.
a. b. c. * d. e. revealing the topic previewing the body
stating the importance of the topic establishing the speaker’s credibility relating
to the audience
Tobias began his informative speech by saying:
You hear a noise under the hood of your car, so you pull over to the side of the road.
Your engine goes dead; you try to start the car, but it just sits there. Then you
see a lot of black smoke. What’s happened? Why won’t your car go anywhere?
52.
What method for gaining attention and interest did Tobias use? a. * b. c. d. e.
establishing goodwill with the audience arousing the curiosity of the audience
stating the importance of the topic presenting a startling statement
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establishing his credibility as a speaker
Rachel began her speech as follows:
I want all of you to think about your day. What did you eat? How active were you?
How late will it be before you get to bed? These are the kinds of questions I would
like to talk about this evening.
53.
What method(s) for gaining attention and interest did Rachel use? a. b. c. d. * e.
questioning the audience
stating the importance of the topic relating the topic to the audience all of the
above a and c only
When used in a speech introduction, telling a story, asking a question, making a
startling statement, and referring to the occasion are all methods of a. previewing
the body of the speech. b. enhancing the speaker’s credibility.
55.
c. establishing goodwill with the audience. d. revealing the topic of the speech.
* e. gaining the attention of the audience.
Jason began the introduction of his informative speech with these words:
How many of you just can’t wait until spring break? How many of you plan to hit the
road about a minute after your last class lets out? How many of you are looking forward
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to having a great time?
56.
57.
58.
60.
Which objective of a speech introduction were these words designed to fulfill? a.
b. * c. d. e.
reveal the topic of the speech
indicate the importance of the topic gain the attention of the audience enhance the
credibility of the speaker preview the main points of the speech
If Celine Dion were to deliver a speech on international diplomacy, her main task
in the introduction would be to a. b. c. * d. e.
reveal the topic of her speech. gain attention and interest.
preview the body of her speech. establish her credibility on the topic. state the
importance of her topic.
When you advocate a highly unpopular position, it is particularly important to in
the introduction of your speech. a. b. c. d. * e.
tell a story
define unclear terms
have a concise preview statement state the importance of the topic
establish goodwill toward the audience
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When preparing an introduction for a speech to a hostile audience, you should be
especially careful to a. * b. c. d. e.
preview the body of the speech. establish credibility and goodwill. state the
importance of the topic. use statistics in the introduction. arouse the curiosity
of the audience.
A clear, concise preview statement is especially important in the introduction of
a(n)
speech.
* a. informative
b. persuasive
c. commemorative
d. acceptance
e. after-dinner
62. For the introduction of an informative speech, it is especially important to
a. preview the main points to be discussed in the body.
the audience.
*
b. establish goodwill with
c. use visual aids to gain attention.
d. prepare the introduction before the body of the speech.
e.
personalize the central idea with vivid examples.
63. When preparing a speech introduction, you should usually
introduction no more than two or three times.
up 25 percent of the speech.
speech.
a. practice the
b. make sure the introduction takes
* c. complete the introduction after the body of the
d. stick with the first introduction that comes to mind.
use humor to gain the audience’s attention and interest.
e.
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64. The best time to work out the exact wording of a speech introduction is
a. shortly
after you determine the central idea.
b. before you work out the conclusion.
c.
when you prepare your speaking outline.
* d. after you prepare the body of the speech.
e. as you rise to deliver an extemporaneous speech.
65. According to your textbook, the best time to work out the exact wording of a speech
introduction is
a. while you are researching the speech.
b. as you rise to deliver
a persuasive speech.
c. at the same time you formulate the specific purpose.
body of the speech.
* d. after you prepare the
e.
before you finish phrasing the central idea.
66. What does your textbook say about preparing an effective speech conclusion?
a.
Make your conclusion about 5 to 10 percent of the entire speech.
b. Work especially hard on establishing your credibility in the conclusion.
an eye out for concluding materials as you research the speech.
d. all of the above
* e.
a and c only
67.
What does your textbook say about preparing effective speech conclusions?
68.
69.
70.
71.
c. Keep
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b. c. * d. e. The best conclusion is likely to be the one that comes to mind first.
Leave most of the conclusion to chance so it will sound natural. Make your conclusion
about 5 to 10 percent of the entire speech. Use an extended example in the conclusion
for emotional appeal.
According to your textbook, which of the following statements about speech
conclusions is true?
a. The conclusion should take up about 25 percent of a speech.
b. Ending a speech abruptly is an excellent way to reinforce the speaker’s
central idea.
c. The last sentence of a speech should usually offer to answer questions from
the audience.
* d. All four methods of reinforcing the central idea can be combined in a single
conclusion.
e. It is usually best to let a conclusion grow out of the inspiration of the
moment. Which of the following does your textbook mention as a means of reinforcing
the central idea in the conclusion of a speech? * a. b. c. d. e.
end with a quotation end with a visual aid
end with thanking the audience all of the above a and c only
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Which of the following is recommended in your textbook as a way to reinforce the
central idea in a speech conclusion? a. * b. c. d. e.
speed up your rate of delivery refer back to the introduction
ask for questions from the audience all of the above b and c only
Which of the following is recommended in your textbook as a way to reinforce the
central idea in a speech conclusion? a. b. c. * d. e.
end with a quotation
make a dramatic statement refer to the introduction all of the above a and b only
77.
78.
80.
a. b. * c. d. e.
a causal argument an extended example a provocative quotation a rhetorical question
an internal preview
The conclusion of Martin Luther King’s “I Have a Dream” speech is an example of
a a. b. * c. d. e.
dissolve ending. connective ending. crescendo ending. cascade ending. diminutive
ending.
According to your textbook, when a speaker concludes a speech by fading out on an
emotional note she or he is using a
ending. a. b. c. * d. e.
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descending crescendo cascade dissolve reflective
Referring back to your introduction in the conclusion of your speech is recommended
as a way to a. b. c. * d. e.
secure the audience’s attention.
reinforce your credibility as a speaker. move the audience to action.
give the speech psychological unity. develop a dissolve ending.
Short Answer Questions
84. What are the four major objectives of a speech
introduction?
a. b. c. d.
the introduction of a speech.
a.
f.
b.
c.
d.
e.
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The textbook discusses seven methods: Relate the topic to the audience. State the
importance of the topic. Startle the audience.
Arouse the curiosity of the audience. Question the audience. Begin with a quotation.
Tell a story.
The textbook also mentions five additional methods: Refer to the occasion. Invite
audience participation. Use audio equipment or visual aids. Relate to a previous
speaker. Begin with humor.
Any six of these twelve methods should constitute a satisfactory answer.
92.
The four methods discussed in the text for reinforcing the central idea in a speech
conclusion are: a. b. c. d.
end with a quotation
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