Muscle Review Guide Packet Answers
1. Latissimus dorsi
2. Orbicularis oris
3. Platysma
4. Sternocleidomastoid
5. Frontalis
6. Zygomaticus
7. Buccinator
8. Orbicularis oculi
9. Skip
10. Trapezius
11. Skip
12. External oblique & Rectus abdominus
13. Masseter & Temporalis
14. Skip
15. Skip
16. Pectoralis major
17. Deltoid
----------------------------------------------------------Chapter 6 Text Review
4. b
10. Origin = Immovable end
Insertion = movable end
During contraction, the origin moves
toward the insertion
12.
Prime mover = muscle that has major
responsibility for causing a
particular movement (ex: biceps – arm
flexion)
Synergist = aids prime movers by causing
the same movement (less effectively) or by
stabilizing joints on bones on which the
prime mover acts (ex: temporalis aids
masseter in chewing)
Prime movers can also be antagonists (ex:
biceps antagonistic to triceps)
13.
14.
Masseter (prime mover for chewing)
Frontalis – forehead
Buccinator – cheek
Orbicularis oris – lips
Trapezius (extends neck)
15.
Pectoralis major & Latissimus dorsi
16.
Prime mover = biceps/Antagonist =
triceps
17. The 4 muscle pairs are arranged so their
fibers run in different directions, much as
sheets of different wood grains are
compressed together to make plywood –
extremely strong for its thickness
3. Any muscle that inserts on the clavicle –
trapezius
6. Abnormal lateral curvature of the spine =
scoliosis – caused by unequal
muscle pull on the spine; rectus abdominus,
external & internal oblique’s flex vertebral
column – the latter two also rotate the trunk
& bend it laterally
5. The pesticide is a chemical that inhibits the
enzyme that destroys acetylcholine.
Acetylcholine remains in the synapse and
stimulates muscle activity.
----------------------------------------------------------Vocabulary
1. e
2. h
3. skip – j epicranial muscles (frontalis)
4. i
5. skip – g
6. b
7. a
8. c
9. k
10. f
Part A
1. c
2. a
3. b
4. skip – c
5. a
6. c
7. c
8. d
9. b
10.
skip – c
Part B
1. origin
2. deltoid
3. contraction
4. belly (body)
5. circumduction
----------------------------------------------------------Muscle Recognition (diagrams)
1. t
2. v
3. y
4. u
5. skip – g
6. e
7. q
8. w
9. c
10. r
11. b
12. d
13. a
14.
15.
16.
s
skip – f
skip – h
1. k
2. j
3. i
4. a
5. l
----------------------------------------------------------Review Guide
1. Buccinator
2. Zygomaticus
3. Oribicularis oculi
4. Platysma
5. Frontalis
6. Orbicularis oris
7. Masseter
8. External oblique
9. Rectus abdominus
10. Sternocleidomastoid
11. Deltoid
12. Pectoralis major
13. Trapezius
14.
15.
Latissimus dorsi
Temporalis
16. Three ways muscles attach to bone
-directly to periosteum
-by tendons (cords of connective tissue)
-by an aponeurosis (sheet of connective
tissue)
17. Examples of different types of
movement:
Flexion – bending the elbow (biceps curl)
(making a fist)
Extension – standing up (legs extended)
(opening a fist)
Abduction – moving arm away from midline
of body (spreading fingers
apart)
Adduction – moving arm toward midline of
body (squeezing fingers
together)
Rotation – turning head from side to side
Circumduction – winding up to pitch a
baseball
18. The skeletal muscle pulls on the
insertion (distal attachment) causing the
bone/limb to move toward the origin
(proximal attachment)
*the muscle moves the body part it inserts
into*
19.
Muscles usually work in groups
20. Superficial muscles are close to the body
surface & provide contours (shape) whereas
deep muscles are underneath the superficial
muscles, closer to the internal organs
21. Ways in which muscles are named:
-action (type of movement) – adductors
-direction of fibers – oblique’s (diagonal)
-location – frontalis (over frontal bone)
-shape – deltoid (triangular)
-size – gluteus maximus (large)
-# of attachments – biceps (2 origins)
-points of attachment – sternocleidomastoid
(sternum, clavicle, mastoid process)
22.
True
23.
Flexor carpi radialis – causes flexion of
the wrist (on the radial side, by the
thumb)
24.
In humans, the deltoid & trapezius is 1
large muscle, in cats it is separated into
3 distinct muscles.
25.
Facial muscles insert into other muscles
or connective tissue rather than only on
bones.
*KNOW THE MUSCLES ON THE HUMAN &
CAT DIAGRAMS *