School of Electronic & Communications Engineering DT081-4 Projects Supervisor Project Title Students Project Ref: Mr. J. Dalton To be decided Dr. M. Ammann 2/1 MA2011-1 2/1 MA2011-2 Dr. C. Downing Global Positioning System Antenna Design and Evaluation Investigation of WiFi Electromagnetic Compatability Issues Microwave Reverberation Chamber 2/1 CD2011-1 Dr. C. Downing Cross-Polarized MIMO Radio 2/1 CD2011-2 Mr. T. Freir 2/1 TF2011-1 Mr. J. Kellegher Development of an High speed optical power meter receiver Security over a Wireless Network 1 JK2011-1 Mr. A. Kelly Isolated Word Speech Recognition 2 AK2011-1 Dr. R. Lynch Design a multithreaded QNX application to run on multi-core machines Designing a real time musical instrument using the QNX kernel Simulating the operation of a conveyor belt using QNX Implementing audio processing algorithms on graphics processors Video Distribution 2/1 RL2011-1 2/1 RL2011-2 2/1 RL2011-3 2/1 RL2011-4 1 CO2011-1 1 CO2011-2 1 CO2011-3 Dr. M. Ammann Dr. R. Lynch Dr. R. Lynch Dr. R. Lynch Mr. C. O’Driscoll Mr. C. O’Driscoll Mr. C. O’Driscoll Location Awareness in a Smart Academic Environment Mobile computing for a Smart Academic Environment Dr. B.A. O’Sullivan Palm-Print Identifier 2/1 BO2011-1 Dr. B.A. O’Sullivan Development of an Analogue Gaussian White-Noise Source using PseudoRandom Digital Sequences Constrained Optimized Filter Design 2/1 BO2011-2 2/1 BO2011-3 Development of an interactive training programme for visual neglect patients 2/1 AS2011-1 Dr. B.A. O’Sullivan Dr. A. Schwarzbacher Project Reference: MA 2011-1 School of Electronic and Communications Engineering Supervisor Dr Max Ammann Office R 503 Project Title Email max.ammann@dit.ie Global Positioning System Antenna Design and Evaluation. No. of students 1 or 2 Preferred Strand DT081/4 Technical Area Antenna design & measurements, Electromagnetic CAD Task predominantly Design, measurement, system test and evaluation Specialized Equipment Microwave network analyser. Electromagnetic simulation software CST microwave studio. UBlox GPS evaluation kit. Project Description Simple Global Positioning System (GPS) antennas will be investigated and designed. Printed circularly-polarised microstrip patch antennas will be compared to existing high performance antennas and to rudimentary linearly-polarised antennas. These will be designed using electromagnetic solvers such as CST microwave studio and then fabricated. A series of tests and measurements will follow using a vector network analyser. These comprise return loss, gain, axial ratio and bandwidth. The antennas will then be evaluated using signals from the GPS satellite constellation and comparisons will be made with the high performance elements. Background Reading Fujimoto, K., and James, J.R., 2001, Mobile Antenna Systems Handbook, Artech Hse., London. Balanis, C., 1996 or 2001,, Antenna Theory, 2nd or 3rd edition, Wiley. Project Reference: MA2011-2 School of Electronic and Communications Engineering Supervisor Dr Max Ammann Office R 503 Project Title Email max.ammann@dit.ie Investigation on WiFi Electromagnetic Compatability Issues No. of students 1 or 2 Preferred Strand DT021/4 or 081/4 (Microwave option required, or discuss with supervisor before hand). Technical Area Microwave design & measurements, Microwave CAD Task predominantly Design, measurement, system test and evaluation Specialized Equipment Microwave network analyser. Electromagnetic simulation software CST microwave studio. Spectrum analyser Project Description This project involves a broad range of both practical and modelling activities related to EMC. Initially, a WiFi antenna operating on 2.4 GHz will be modelled, fabricated and tested. This antenna will be used as a source and receive antenna for narrow band EMC tests on various screened enclosures. Propagation loss studies and screening issues will be investigated. DT 021/4 or DT 081/4 Final Year Project Project Reference: CD2011-1 Microwave Reverberation Chamber Introduction. There exists in room 418 a large screened room which was in the past used to make very precise measurements in the presence of strong interfering signals. Such rooms are presently referred to as Microwave Reverberation Chambers and are widely used for simulating mobile radio propagation channels. Object The object of this project is to investigate the use of the reverberation chamber for the hardware simulation of the mobile radio channel. Initial measurements will be made using the microwave network analyser to characterise the microwave response of the chamber. Its usefulness as a simulator will then be considered. The students will gain experience in the techniques of mobile and indoor radio, use of the microwave network analyser, antennas and Matlab. The project is an extension and continuation of ongoing research in this area in the School of Electronic and Communications Engineering. The project may be undertaken by DT 021 or DT 081 students. The project can be adapted to suit one or two students. No prior knowledge of theory or techniques of reverberation chambers is required. For further details please call to room 415. Dr Conor Downing DT 021/4 or DT 081/4 Final Year Project Project Reference: CD2011-2 Cross-Polarized MIMO Radio Introduction. Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radio is emerging as an important method of implementing high-speed radio systems and has application to the WiFi 802.11n standard and to ultra–wideband radio. In MIMO radio systems the data to be transmitted is distributed over a number of antennas at the receiver and transmitter. The speed of data transfer tends to increase linearly as the number of antennas is increased without requiring additional power or additional bandwidth. Object The object of this project is to calculate the capacity of a MIMO radio system where the transmit and receive antennas are cross-polarised, i.e. one is vertically polarized and the other horizontally polarized. Initial radio measurements will be made using the microwave network analyser and a variety of antennas. These results will then be processed in Matlab so that the capacity of the system the number of bits per second that can be transmitted on each Hz of radio bandwidth can be calculated for different antenna configurations. The students will gain experience in the techniques of MIMO and indoor radio, use of the microwave network analyser, antennas and Matlab. The project is an extension and continuation of ongoing research in this area in the School of Electronic and Communications Engineering. The project may be undertaken by DT 021 or DT 081 students. The project can be adapted to suit one or two students. No prior knowledge of theory or techniques of MIMO radio is required. For further details please call to room 415. Dr Conor Downing Project Reference: TF2011-1 Supervisor : Mr. Thomas Freir Office : 402 School : Electronic & Communications Engineering E-Mail : thomas.freir@dit.ie Project Title : Development of an High speed optical power meter receiver No. of Students : 2 /1 Technical Area : Telecommunications, electronic design (Optical communications not a necessity) Task Predominantly : Design, Evaluation, Development & Test Involving : PSPICE-Based Design, build and test in Photonic Research Centre Project Synopsis : Optical receivers traditionally have one of two designs depending on their application. In a telecommunications link they are designed to detect optical signals with powers ranging from -30dBm to 0dBm and bit rates in the order of Gbits per second. The receiver is not designed to measure the absolute power but to make a decision on whether the optical power received represents a binary “1” or “0”. Optical power meters (used in many applications other than telecommunications) are designed to measure the total optical power in a signal and are usually capable of measuring powers ranging from -70dBm to +10dBm.Traditionally measurement speeds of 2 – 10 measurements per second are standard with high speed measurement of 1000 measurements per second for advanced applications. New advanced applications being researched in the Photonic Research Centre require a receiver with a combination of the characteristics of the two traditional receiver designs. These include measurement of very weak absolute optical powers at very high speed. The first part of this project involves the design and simulation of a high speed optical power meter receiver. PSPICE will be used as the simulation environment. The receiver should have: a) A dynamic range of -70dBm to 0 dBm b) Bandwidth of at least 1MHz The second part of the project will involve the building and testing of the receiver design. Project Ref: JK2011-1 DT081.4 Project 2010/11 Project Title: Security over a Wireless Network Supervisor: Joseph Kellegher E-mail: joseph.kellegher@dit.ie Number of Students: 1 Technical Area: Networking & Computer Programming (language: Java) Project Synopsis: The project includes developing a secure environment that permits remote login to an encrypted database over a wireless network. Security is to be provided by the AES algorithm, with the networking client developed using Java, and applying appropriate software engineering principles. Programming requirements for the project include a good knowledge of Java and an understanding of client-server networking. The primary tasks include developing and implementing a secure connection to a remote database, and implementing this connection over a wireless network. Recommended Background Reading: Cryptography and Network Security: Principles and Practice (5th ed. 2011), William Stallings, Prentice Hall International. Data and Computer Communications (9th ed. 2011), William Stallings, Prentice Hall International. Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach, (5th ed. 2010), Kurose & Ross, AddisonWesley. Introduction to Java Programming (6th ed. 2007), Y. Daniel Liang, Prentice Hall International. See the site http://www.eclipse.org/ for an open-development IDE. Project Ref: AK2011-1 Supervisor : Mr. A. Kelly Office : 5th Floor School : Electronic & Communications Engineering E-Mail : anthony.kelly@dit.ie Project Title : Isolated Word Speech Recognition No. of Students : 2 Technical Area : Digital Signal Processing/Voice Communications Task Predominantly : Design, Evaluation & Development Involving : Database Construction, Pre-Processing and Neural Network Design Preferred Background: Computing/Communications Project Synopsis : The objective of the project is to implement in the Matlab environment a speech recogniser of isolated words using a DSP front end such as a filter bank or an FFT analyser followed by an artificial neural network (ANN) recogniser. Speech Pre-Processor ANN Recognition The system should include, packaging of the input speech file by padding, downsampling and linear time-warping in order to normalise the file sizes and reduce their physical lengths, application of a speech database to an MLP neural network, training and evaluation of the networks performance in terms of recognition rate for various architectures and learning algorithms. The performance of the system should be examined for data that it has not been trained on. If time is available, the sophistication of the pre-processing can be developed by considering alternative strategies such as the use of linear predictive coefficients or filter-banks, or a combination of both. To ease the overhead, any functions available within the Matlab environment should be exploited. A speech database is provided, although it would be more appropriate to produce a custom database for analysis. As this project involves, database construction, pre-processing and neural network design it would be more suitable to a 2-person project. Background Reading: Owens, F, 1993, Signal Processing of Speech, Macmillan, London. Picton Phil, 2000, Introduction to Neural Networks, Palgrave. Project Ref: RL2011-1 PROJECT BRIEF Title: Design a multithreaded QNX application to run on multi-core machines. Objective: Write QNX neutrino multithreaded application software and run it on the QNX Neutrino single core and the different multi-core versions. Compare the speed of execution of each version. Description: Already, multi-core processors are introducing a new level of performance to desktops, laptops, and enterprise servers. Nevertheless, the benefits for embedded systems are, if anything, greater. Many of these systems must also satisfy rigorous requirements for low weight, low power consumption, and low heat dissipation. Multi-core processors directly address these requirements, by providing much greater processing capacity per ounce, per watt, and per square inch than conventional uniprocessors. In a conventional uniprocessor system, the OS automatically serializes the operation of applications. Multiple tasks may appear to run simultaneously, but in fact only one task runs at any point in time. In a multi-core system, multiple tasks really do run in parallel, and this can expose any incorrect assumptions an application makes about access to shared system resources. As a result, an application that runs perfectly in a uniprocessor system may suddenly behave incorrectly when deployed in a multi-core environment. Multi-core processors are, in effect, multiprocessing systems on a chip. Consequently, embedded developers must graduate from a serial execution model, where software tasks take turns running on a single processor, to a parallel execution model, where multiple software tasks can run simultaneously. The more parallelism developers can achieve, the better their multi-core systems will perform. This project involves writing a QNX multithreaded application with standard inter-process communication primitives such as message queues and shared memory. Its performance will then be tested in a uniprocessor environment, ported to a multi-core version of QNX and tested again. The student will learn how to build different versions of the QNX operating system along with skills to measure program performance quantitatively using built in QNX tools. Prerequisites: The project is suitable for one or two student. The student(s) should have a reasonable grasp of C programming and the QNX Neutrino operating system. Dr. Ray Lynch. Project Ref: RL2011-2 PROJECT BRIEF Title: Designing a real time musical instrument using the QNX kernel. Objective: Design application software to interface a musical keyboard to the commercial QNX real time operating system. Description: This project is concerned with building a series of multi-timbral instruments on QNX where each instrument is a separate process. For instance we might have a drum kit, bass guitar and keyboard, each as a separate process. The subtleties of each instrument might in turn be implemented as threads within a process. The obvious method of representing the sound of each instrument is as a combination of digital samples of a corresponding real instrument. Control of the instrument will be via a MIDI keyboard. Microsoft Windows has many commercial applications to support this scenario but suffers from poor MIDI hardware response. This project aims to harness the power of QNX as an alternative platform. In order for an application to produce sound, the system must have: hardware in the form of a sound card or sound chip a device driver for the hardware a well-defined way for the application to talk to the driver, in the form of an Application Programming Interface (API). This whole system is referred to as the QNX Sound Architecture (QSA). The QSA has a series of very useful APIs that can be used to support the building of an audio application. A requirement of the project is that the design should be expandable making it easy for the system to be expanded with the addition of more instruments, keyboards etc. The project is a follow-on from work done in the last academic year. Prerequisites: The project is suitable for one or two students. The student(s) should have a reasonable grasp of C programming. Dr. Ray Lynch. Project Ref: RL2011-3 PROJECT BRIEF Title: Simulating the operation of a conveyor belt using QNX. Objective: Design application software to operate a mini conveyor belt running on the QNX real time operating system. Description: This project is concerned with writing application software and building a hardware platform which simulates the operation of a factory conveyor belt. The conveyor belt will be driven by a motor and will be monitored with sensors. One or more actuators will also be required to interact with objects on the conveyor belt. Application software will be written to control the motor and actuators based on input from the sensors. The software will run on top of QNX. An experiment will be designed to measure the response of the real-time system to events that occur on the conveyor belt. In order for an application to function correctly, the system must have: IO ports to interface with the external hardware. This could be a printer port, serial port or USB port. An Application Programming Interface (API) to access the ports. QNX has a series of useful APIs that can be used to support access to the ports. As QNX is a priority based operating system it should prove reasonably easy to design a thread-based system that runs a set of periodic, aperiodic and sporadic tasks that monitor and control the system. A requirement of the project is that the design should be expandable making it easy to add extra hardware to the system. Prerequisites: The project is suitable for one or two students. The student(s) should have a reasonable grasp of C or C++ programming and real-time operating systems. Dr. Ray Lynch. Project Ref: RL2011-4 PROJECT BRIEF Title: Implementing audio processing algorithms on graphics processors. Objective: Design application software to implement well known audio processing software such as echo, reverb and flanging on a graphics card. Description: Audio signal processing is used by everyone from bedroom musicians to the largest studios for generating and shaping recorded sounds, both offline and in real-time. Typically several high quality effects are applied to each available channel of audio. Modern effects do more than simple echo and delay – they model vintage instruments and amplifiers using convolution with impulse responses, offer time shifting independent of pitch, and create new sounds using modern synthesis techniques. Applying these effects can be taxing on a processor, especially in real-time where latency must be kept under 5ms. This project will write implementations of these effects that can be executed on the processors on a graphics card. The applications software will be written as a parallel program, in which multiple threads of execution cooperate to achieve the functionality faster than can be achieved on the main CPU(s). The project will be developed using the CUDA APIs developed by NVidia. CUDA is a simple, small extension to C and is an instance of widely used Single Program Multiple Data (SPMD) parallel programming models. The aim of the project is to see how efficiently audio algorithms can be run on many-core processors Prerequisites: The project is suitable for one or two student. The student(s) should have a reasonable grasp of C or C++ programming. Dr. Ray Lynch. Project Ref: CO2011-1 Project: Video Distribution Supervisor: Ciarán O’Driscoll Students: One Pre-requisites: Software Engineering ___________________________________________________________________ Objective: To develop a mechanism for distributing video and lecture material and to support remote student interaction for a lecture taking place in a smart classroom. Brief Outline: The aim is to develop a server application that can be used for remote access by an individual to view the activities in a lecture room. A video of the lecture or laboratory is to be available to the remote user along with a display of material generated in the lab. Remote users should have a mechanism for interacting with the class such as via a chat facility and all remote users need to be identifiable to the attendees in the lecture room. Technical Outline: This project will develop a server application that will distribute video and information in a networked and distributed manner. Remote users will have a client that will allow them to view the video and also to interact with the lecture room. The software can be designed in Java or C++ to run on Linux \ Windows environments. Benefits of the Project: To suitable students this project will give a strong foundation in software design and development. Valuable experience of software development will be acquired. A strong object orientated approach will be encouraged and skills in object orientated programming will be developed throughout the project. Project Ref: CO2011-2 Project Title: Location awareness in a Smart Academic Environment Supervisor: Ciaran O'Driscoll Number of Students: One Pre-requisites: Software Engineering Objective: To develop a client application, along with the necessary server applications to support the implementation of location awareness in a smart classroom environment that also incorporates interactive technology such as an interactive white board. Brief Outline The aim is to develop a client application that can support the identification and location of individuals in the smart space. Individuals in the space will then be able to interact with the environment automatically, using mobile devices, and physically using the interactive white board. Location awareness and automatic response will be supported by Bluetooth and RFID. The interactive white board will provide opportunity for physical interaction. A suitable learning experience based around a common game such as Monopoly or similar will be developed. User attendance shall be monitored and any changes shall be flagged and handled accordingly. Depending on location, time and date, the relevant game scenario will be presented to the user. User interaction will be monitored and assessed to determine if appropriate skills are being developed. Technical Outline This project will develop a client application to run on the desktop and a similar version for the mobile device. To manage the transfer of the program a signal using Bluetooth will be used. RFID shall be used to determine exact location of users at a certain time. A client server architecture will be used in the project. The software shall be designed in Java to run on Linux and a suitable mobile device. A software development environment is available to support the development using Bluetooth. Benefits of the Project To suitable students this project will give a strong foundation in software design and development. Valuable experience of software development in both desktop and mobile environments will be acquired. A strong object oriented approach will be encouraged and skills in object oriented programming will be developed throughout the project. Project Ref: CO2011-3 Project Title: Mobile computing for a Smart Academic Environment Supervisor: Ciaran O'Driscoll Number of Students: One Pre-requisites: Software Engineering Objective: To develop a mobile and desktop client application, along with the necessary server applications to integrate data fusion and location awareness wirelessly through a smart academic environment. Brief Outline The aim is to develop a client application that can run on both a Laptop PC and a mobile device to permit lecturers to ask questions and get responses from students.. Wireless technologies, such as Bluetooth or wifi provide the technical infrastructure to support such a solution. A user with a suitably enabled device shall enter the smart environment and at certain intervals, a scan shall run to invite users to the group. User attendance shall be monitored and any changes shall be flagged and handled accordingly. In addition, a simple client application such as poll or quiz shall be sent to each participating member, with their answer stored and displayed. A server application will be required to manage attendance, questions and answers from users. Technical Outline This project will develop a relatively simple client application to run on the desktop and a similar version for the mobile device. To manage the transfer of the program a signal using Bluetooth will be used. The software shall be designed in Java to run on Linux and a suitable mobile device. A software development environment is available to support the development using Bluetooth. Benefits of the Project To suitable students this project will give a strong foundation in software design and development. Valuable experience of software development in both desktop and mobile environments will be acquired. A strong object oriented approach will be encouraged and skills in object oriented programming will be developed throughout the project. Project Ref: BOS2011-1 Supervisor : Dr. B.A. O’Sullivan Office : 415a School : Electronic & Communications Engineering E-Mail : brendan.osullivan@dit.ie Project Title : Palm-Print Identifier No. of Students : 1/2 Technical Area : Pattern Recognition Task Predominantly : Design, Evaluation & Development Involving : Matlab Project Synopsis : The ability to automatically identify unique human physical characteristics such as fingerprints, retinal patterns, facial structure or palm prints has enabled the implementation of a growing number of sophisticated, biographic, security systems ranging from computer access to key-less operation and entry and passport validation. This project initially involves an investigation of possible approaches to the problem of palm-print identification. Various forms of image preprocessing, such as image re-orientation and normalization, colour to grey-scale image conversion, and edge-detection, may be combined with techniques such as 2-D image transformation to allow images to be adequately defined in order to achieve personal recognition. Suitable test images may be obtained from a camera source or even from a document scanner. While the system may be developed in any suitable software environment, the use of Matlab is preferable. Project Reference: BOS2011-2 Supervisor : Dr. B.A. O’Sullivan Office : 415a School : Electronic & Communications Engineering E-Mail : brendan.osullivan@dit.ie Project Title : Development of an Analogue Gaussian White-Noise Source using Pseudo-Random Digital Sequences No. of Students : 2/1 (Modified Project) Technical Area : Hybrid System Design Task Predominantly : Design, Evaluation & Development Involving : System Simulation & PSPICE-Based Design Project Synopsis : Analogue noise sources are widely used to test circuits. Their design has historically been based upon the random behaviour of devices under breakdown, but the use of digital techniques of noise generation is now widespread. Pseudo-random binary sequences, with exceptionally long repetition periods, may be constructed with relatively simple digital circuitry. Multiple binary generators may be used to produce pseudorandom 8, 12 or 16-bit numbers which, when presented to a DAC, result in white analogue noise. The first part of this project involves the design and simulation of an analogue white noise source. The source itself should have: c) d) e) f) 2 V voltage range 48 dB (8-bit) dynamic range 50 kHz bandwidth 50 output impedance The system is to be developed using PSPICE and MATLAB or another appropriate simulation/modeling environment. It is normally desirable that such noise sources have a Gaussian amplitude distribution. In the second part of the project, consideration should be given to the design of an associated voltage distribution (cdf or pdf) analyser with the following specification: a) b) c) d) Input voltage range of 2 V. Resolution 50 mV. Voltage range sweep signal and pdf outputs. 100 k input impedance and 50 output impedance. Consideration should be given to the effects of voltage sweep rate on analyzer performance. Project Ref: BOS2011-3 Supervisor : Dr. B.A. O’Sullivan Office : 415a School : Electronic & Communications Engineering E-Mail : brendan.osullivan@dit.ie Project Title : Constrained Optimized Filter Design No. of Students : 2/1 (Modified Project) Technical Area : Filter Design and Optimization Task Predominantly : Design, Evaluation & Development Involving : Algorithm design and implementation Project Synopsis : Filter design is conventionally based upon the use of standardized forms such as Bessel, Butterworth, Chebyshev and Elliptic. Specification typically includes values for cut-off frequency (or frequencies), pass-band (or stop-band) variation, out-of-band attenuation performance and, possibly, phase linearity (group delay variability). Perhaps the most obvious trade-off is between out-of-band attenuation performance and phase linearity; both the order and type of filter utilized affect both parameters. Implementation is often achieved with the use of biquadratic (active) structures. Such structures implement a given transfer function in the form of cascaded second-order sections; the transfer function of each section is of the form: H ( s) k 2 s 2 k1 s k 0 s 2 0 s 20 Q A knowledge of the s-plane pole/zero locations allows both gain and phase characteristics to be determined. The objective of this project is to investigate the use of an LMS or other suitable optimization technique to determine optimum values for the pole/zero locations or coefficients of a second-order section in order to meet a required performance specification. Some consideration may be given to the optimization of cascaded stages to produce higher-order filters. The performance of one or more examples may be compared with that achieved by a traditional design approach. Ideally, the circuit should be implemented and/or simulated and tested. Any suitable software/simulation environment may be used. Project Ref: AS2011-1 Project Brief Supervisor: Dr. Andreas Schwarzbacher Contact: aschwarzbacher@electronics.dit.ie Project Title: Development of an interactive training programme for visual neglect patients This project is suitable for 1 or 2 students. Project Brief: Strokes have nowadays become a common occurrences in western societies. Modern treatment has significantly increased survival rates. Therefore, over the past 20 years, there has been a focus on rehabilitation of the paralysation of muscles to allow the patients to regain their motor and speech skills. However, up until the past 10 years very little effort has been placed on the treatment of non-motor skill related stroke effects, such as neglect. Studies have shown that about 70% of stroke survivors do suffer from neglect and even so about half of them do recover without treatment still over 30% of patients are left with some from of neglect. Traditional treatments did emerge in the 1980s and these are still in use today. This project will focus on transferring traditional rehabilitation techniques into an easy to use computer programme, which patients can use in a rehabilitation facility or at home. For this the student will be required to implement exploration games using java. Project Schedule: Familiarisation with the medical condition and graphical java programming. (4 weeks) Investigation of the different treatment methods. Development of easy to use programmes to emulate these rehabilitation methods. (3 weeks) Implementation, verification and testing of the different treatment methods. (8 weeks) Writing of the report. (2 weeks) Tools: Java, Netbeans and touchscreen enabled Windows PC. Background Reading: Background reading should be made in the area of graphical java programming and visual neglect.