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Environnement et Développement du Tiers-Monde
Environmental Development Action in the Third
World
HànhđộngvìMôiTrườngvàPháttriểncácnướcThếGiớiThứ Ba
enda Vietnam C2, Buu Long Street Cu XaBacHai, P.15, Q.10 TP. Ho Chi Minh – Vietnam
(84-8) 39703273 / 39700243
Fax: (84-8) 39703273
endavietnam@viettel.vn
Web-site: www.endavn.org.vn
REPORT ON STATE OF PROGRESS
“PRO-POOR AND SUSTAINABLE SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN SECONDARY
CITIES AND SMALL TOWNS ” PROJECT
Submitted by: enda Viet Nam
31th December, 2013
Prepared by: Nguyen Thi Hoai Linh
I/ Progress and results:
a. NARRATIVE SUMMARY OF PROGRESS:
In the year 2013, enda Vietnam and local stakeholders focused on the ways to improve the
program quality through the followings:
1. Local participation increased: The Quy Nhon and Kon Tum city people committees have
approved for enda Vietnam implementing the project among targeted wards/ communes.
This will help enda Vietnam to mobilize the community participation in the program
planning, implementation, and monitoring. The project established and strengthened the
community network of communicators. This network helps to promote the local
stakeholders participation in waste separation at source and 3R (Reduce-Reuse-Recycle).
Through these networks, many project interventions conducted among community to meet
the needs of local stakeholders.
2. During 2013, Quy Nhon city has developed 5-year strategy on waste sorting at source
program and introduce to local stakeholders, especially private sectors. This will help to
promote the replication of best practices of project to other areas. Beside, the private
sectors involve in this program could create financial resource for project activities. This will
bring sustainability of project.
3. Simple monitoring & evaluation systems and tools are set up and implemented among
local stakeholders. These will help project to manage well outputs/ outcomes/objectives to
see the effectiveness of our interventions.
4. Thanks to the support of local stakeholders, the market for compost of IRRC this year has
been improved. This will help the IRRC on improving capacity.
Lesson Learnt:
Enda Vietnam did not set the output targets based on the resources and capacity, which was
so ambitious. Therefore the targets were not reached as expected (2 tons to 2.5 tons for
Nhon Phu IRRC and 5tons for Kon Tum IRRC). To take this as a lesson learnt, enda Vietnam
would discuss with the relevant local partners and UNESCAP to review and revise the
outputs/ outcomes and seek for technical support as well. Beside, enda Vietnam would
conduct the discussion with relevant partners (PC, IRRC, local stakeholders) to see how to
mobilize the participation to meet the output targets.
Enda Vietnam could not implement project interventions on time because the project took
time to discuss and get approval from Quy Nhon and Kon Tum City People Committees and
UNESCAP as well. To deal with this issue, enda Vietnam would submit the donors amended
activities for extension of this project to June 2014 to get achievement of project objectives.
The program of waste sorting at source must have the thorough and synchronized direction
and involvement from the local authorities of all levels and units combined with the
government rules on environment and waste management; encourage the participation of
private sector organizations through corporate social responsibility practices, adolescent is
the target group for communication because it would help much in awareness raising among
community.
To get the program sustainability, it should apply the participatory approach to mobilize the
participation from related stakeholders in the hold project cycle (designing, implementing,
monitoring and evaluation). The more involvement from stakeholders in whole project
cycles, the more results and sustainability. The reason for proactive and keen participation
from Quy Nhon Citenco in waste sorting at source program is an economic force. By doing
this, they have more materials for increase capacity and reduce cost for the Long My
compost plant. Kontum Citenco hasn’t got the attitudes like Quy Nhon as they have got clear
business plan on producing compost from the domestic waste.
b.
ACTIVITIES
ACHIEVEMENTS
BASE
RESULTS:
Result 1: Staff of the IRRC, the People’s Committee (PC) and Urban Management Companies
(URENCO) of the selected cities have increased capacity to operate an IRRC and promote
sustainable solid waste management.
The IRRC’s managers of Quy Nhon and Kon Tum and vice-chairman of Nhon Phu ward of Quy
Nhon City were sent to Ho Chi Minh city to participate business plan training conducted by
“Towards social protection and inclusion for
independent Waste Collectors” project of enda
Vietnam during 9-14th December 2013. This
training helps these managers to think about how
to improve the operation of IRRC, how to do
marketing for compost, how to increase income
through recycle waste. Through this training, all
participants have chances to visit Phu Hoa
cooperative in Dong Nai province to exchange
knowledge/ skills on how to increase income from
recycles (how to find market for recycle
production; how to link with market, how to
motivate people to improve their business…)
Business plan training course
The project sites are provided posters, leaflets, waste bags which designed by Enda for the
program of waste sorting at source, commune-wide communication via loud speakers in form
of rhyming poem broadcasted every day
Enda Vietnam conducted quarterly meeting representatives from City People Committees/
URENCO/wards/ communes/ communicators in both Kon Tum and Quy Nhon Cities on
November and December 2013. Through these meetings, many discussion related to activities;
effectiveness of project among local stakeholders. The meeting discussed on how to establish
the guideline for Project Management Board and Task Groups, planning implementing the
quarterly action plan with task groups and local stakeholders. There were 28 persons in Kon
Tum and 35 persons in Quy Nhon joining in the meeting.
Result 2: A five year strategic plan for waste separation at source in Kon Tum is adopted and
stakeholders’ participation is mobilized to ensure the achievement of short-term objectives
Based on results and lessons learnt from pervious time, in this year enda Vietnam support Kon
Tum to focus on conducting program of waste sorting at source in the whole Quang Trung
Ward (where the local leaders have more proactively participate and had very good result in
the first pilot phase on group 13 of Quang Trung ward in 2012) and two markets (Central
Market and Food wholesale market) where can provide high volume of organic waste. This will
help Kon Tum IRRC improve capacity.
To capacity building for the network of communicators (household and none-household) on
communication skills and knowledge on waste separation at source, two training courses were
conducted on October 2013 for 84 (female:53 & male:31). The training focused on group
communication skills, behavior change communication skills and knowledge on waste
separation at source. After these trainings; 100% of participants improve their knowledge and
skills according to evaluation after training course and 80% of participants believe that they can
do well communication activities among local stakeholders.
Group discussion in Quang Trung, Kon
Tum
Brainstorming activity in training course
After training for communicators in October 2013, the community conducted awareness
raising on waste separation at source for all local stakeholders at 64 groups among Quang
Trung ward in November 2013.
The project continues to conduct the
communication campaign to target local
stakeholders with application of
integrated
Behavior
Change
Communication (BCC) approach to
increase effectiveness and efficiency.
The project starts to build relationship
and mobilize local mass media (Kon Tum
TV, newspapers...,) for them actively
involving in the campaign. The project
sites are provided posters, leaflets,
waste bags which designed by Enda for
the program of waste sorting at source,
Besides using current IEC materials (banners, posters, stickers, bags, etc.), the project will focus
on using the available loud speakers system in the ward, which has been reviewed much better
than the other wards executing the project’s program. By this system, stories, news and readymade program about waste sorting at source well listed in the programs daily announced from
ward speaker’s system. This will help to mobilize the local stakeholders to participate/
implement waste separation at source better.
Kon Tum continue to capacity building/ strengthen network of communicators and support
local to create small community fund to ensure the sustainability in the future.
Result 3: A three-to–five-ton-per-day IRRC has been built and is operational in Kontum
A 5-ton IRRC has been built and is operational under the technical support from UNESCAP and
ENDA. However, since this IRRC operated, it usually runs under IRRC’s capacity because of lack
of organic waste. Beside, the time for composting is also longer than estimated. In July and
August 2013; two pilot boxes of compost conducted in Kon Tum to get information and sent to
UNESCAP.
The program of waste sorting at source re-started in November 2013 for hold Quang Trung
ward together with the central market. The number of beneficiaries is 3.200 households and
two markets of which high awareness of waste sorting of Quang Trung ward’s community is
remarkable. However, at present, the households rather neglect the waste sorting at source
and quantity of collected organic waste is low  the community awareness of the program
needs to be maintained continuously.
The IRRC has been collecting and treated 1-1.2 tons of organic waste per day because some
households also utilize organic waste for home composting for their own use. 1,5 tons-2,1 tons
of compost is produced every month since August 2013. In comparison with compost in 2012
and first six-months of 2013 the quality of compost is better now. However, the duration of
composting is still longer than plan (about 95 days for hold process). Enda already has sent the
information of two pilot box of compost that Kon Tum conducted in July and August 2013,
UNESCAP has made plan to ask Waste Concern for further training and technical assistance.
This will conduct in coming quarter in 2014.
Result 4: IRRC in Nhon Phu, Quy Nhon has been improved and is operating at full capacity
Since 2013, enda has stopped financial support to
cover salaries and benefits for worker of IRRC; the
IRRC in Nhon Phu has sustainability up to now.
However, as Kon Tum, IRRC has worked under
their capacity. IRRC in Nhon Phu now is very good
at marketing since August 2013. They already sold
all compost in stock and they made decision by
themselves that they has been considered about
increasing capacity of IRRC because now they have
their own market for compost by famers nearby.
The quality of compost is better than Long My so
they sold with better price (Long My sold 600/kg of
compost but IRRC Nhon Phu sold 1,000 Vnd/ kg of
compost). Beside, the IRRC has use compost to make garden of vegetable to demonstrate for
local people how compost be suitable for farming product to persuade the farmers to use
compost. This would help much in extension market for IRRC’s production.
IIRC has considered about the equipped with sewing machine to improve the working condition
of workers and save time to increase capacity of IRRC. They take lesson learn from Kon Tum
when they designed sewing machine. The IRRC’s manager take designer to come to Kon Tum to
survey the Kon Tum’s sewing machine and design one to be suitable with condition of IRRC in
Nhon Phu.
Since January 2013 until September 2013, the project did not conduct any interventions in Quy
Nhon so the quality of waste separation at source was reduced (only 9% of household did
waste separation at home). In October 2013, the project has run again in Nhon Phu ward and
the project already capacity building for network of communicators. This network continues to
conduct personal and group communication with local people and mobilize them to do waste
separation at source. The result in December 2013 that there was about 23% of household did
well waste separation at home.
In addition, 395 non households of the Quy Nhon City including schools, restaurants and hotels,
hospitals and markets, entrepreneurs under Citenco’s management conducted waste sorting at
source since during 2013. The average of organic waste collected from 395 non-households is
30 tons/day is transferred to Long My plant, an average output of waste sorting from nonhouseholds increases from 65% in May, 2013 to 82% in December, 2013.
Result 5: Households segregate waste at source, and collection and transfer of waste are
improved in Nhon Ly commune, Quy Nhon.
Nhon Ly Commune continues waste sorting at source activities launched in late November,
2012 to the whole commune of 1.300 households. The leaders of Nhon Ly held the meeting
among 1.300 households to conduct waste sorting at source for awareness raising. After these
communications, Nhon Ly commune already integrated waste separation at source with
commune guidelines. The leaders of commune take ownership of the project. The survey in
December 2013, about 364 households started sorting waste reaching 28%. With vertical
direction from Nhon Ly’s People Committee on awareness enhancement activities promises the
positive results.
To help Nhon Ly’s independent waste collectors (IWCs) improve their working condition, the
project already support 02 motorbikes with hook and 02 push-carts to transfer waste from
hamlets to Nhon Ly transition station. This will help IWCs to reduce working time (before they
used push-carts to collect waste and transferred waste from hamlets to transition station so
they used to work overtime: 10-12 hours/days and now, when using motorbike to transfer
waste to transition station, the IWCs can reduce 2 hours/ days in comparison with past) and
improve working condition.
A meeting in August 2013 among Quy Nhon PC, CITENCO and Nhon Ly commune with the
present of enda’s staffs conducted to discuss waste collection process after Nhon Ly commune
implementing waste separation at source. Every day, about 1ton-1,5tons organic waste is
transfered to Long My IRRC.
To enhance awareness raising/ communicative
activities in Nhon Ly commune on waste
separation,
network
of
household
communicators consolidated and capacity
building. 20 communicators (female:8; male:12)
participated
in
training
course
on
communication skills and knowledge on waste
separation at sources as reported under result
6. After training, these communicators
conducted 06 groups’ communication activities
and direct communication at home among
community to guide/ encourage local people
applies waste separation at home.
Result 6: A five-year strategic plan for waste separation at source in Quy Nhon is adopted and
stakeholders’ participation is mobilized to ensure the achievement of short-term objectives.
With support from enda Vietnam and UNESCAP, 5-year strategy on waste separation at source
of Quy Nhon city has developed and finalized with the goal of extending source separation to
hold city. This will help Quy Nhon to be “cleanest city in Vietnam by 2020”. On 2rd December
2013, one workshop to introduce 5 –year strategic plan of Quy Nhon to private sectors was
conducted with the participation of 88 representatives of local stakeholders. Through the
workshop, some key decisions already made as:
 Maintain and expand waste separation at
source for the all household in Nhon Phu
ward Nhon Ly commune.
 Select
7
none-households:
one
kindergarten, one primary school, two
secondary schools, one college & one
university and one hotel in Quy Nhon to
pilot waste separation at source in 2014
and replicate for all none-household in Quy Nhon City in coming 5 years.
 Support for Quy Nhon PC to start replicate waste separation at source for 4 new wards/
communes
Workshop to introduce 5-year strategy of
Quy Nhon
to private sectors
Together with Quy Nhon city, representatives of private sectors
participated
in the workshop
already showed their interesting on 5-year strategic plan on waste separation at source and
willing to apply at their own companies/ factors and support small fund for city to do
awareness raising on waste separation as well.
Beside, to improve the quality of waste separation at source at house-hold and nonehousehold, enda has supported Quy Nhon PC to strengthen/ consolidate/ set up
communicator’s network. This network is key element to get success and sustainability of
project so enda Vietnam has discussed with Quy Nhon PC to link waste separation program
with current community development fund (CDF)/and or self-help group activities available in
the area to mobilize community participation, contribution and organize community in solid
waste management system.
To capacity building for the network of communicators (household and none-household) on
communication skills and knowledge on waste separation at source, two training courses were
conducted on October 2013 for 61 (female:27 & male:34). The training focused on group
communication skills, behavior change communication skills and knowledge on waste
separation at source. After these trainings; 100% of participants improve their knowledge and
skills according to evaluation after training course and 85% of participants believe that they can
do well communication activities among local stakeholders.
Training for household communicators
Training for none-households communicators
Result 7: Project is well documented and lessons learned can be shared
At each project visit, the Enda project staffs are required to make the field trip report with
photographs and comments. Monthly monitoring and report from 2 cities are fully updated
Every month, enda Vietnam send monthly update progress report and updates of IRRC to
UNESCAP. This would update the situation of project’s progress and get support from UNESCAP
as well if needed.
In July 2013, enda Vietnam together with local stakeholders of Quy Nhon and Kon Tum Cities
has joined the workshop on “Source Separation of Municipal Solid waste for effective 3R
implementation in Viet Nam: Experiences from selected cities”. The lesson learnt from enda,
Quy Nhon and Kon Tum Cities already shared among participants.
Participation on the on Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMA) workshop at
National level, Quy Nhon has shared and delivered best practices of the Quy Nhon on “waste to
resources” widely. Besides, the best practices on waste separation at source among Nhon Phu,
Nhon Ly and 216 non-households has been shared at Quy Nhon City wide for replication of
waste separation at source among Quy Nhon as 5-year strategy on Waste Separation at Source
of Quy Nhon.
II. Plan for the next period:

Continue support 2 cities in implementation of 5 year strategic plan on waste sorting at
source by enhance their capacity and set up effectively governance as well as provide
technical advice.

Create the community development fund (CDF) and community’s network in the waste
sorting at source program to leverage the resources as well as to ensure the sustainability.

Provide technical support to 2 IRRCs for effective and efficient operation (especially in Kon
Tum IRRC) to improve capacity of IRRC.

Provide support for Quy Nhon City PC for conducting Recycle Day to mobilize the local
stakeholders replicate the waste separation at source and 3R program.

Consolidate network of communicators to ensure the sustainability of waste sorting at
source.

Consolidate and documentation lesson learn, good practices and initiatives on waste sorting
at source for replication.

Some terms of LOA should be revised to be suitable with the change of situation. The LOA
should be extended and reviewed
Course Correction

The project is extended 6 more months from December 31th, 2013 to June 30th, 2014