University of Bahrain
College of Science
The Fourth Scientific Research forum
Organized by
The Scientific Research Committee
16th – 17th April 2012
Towards the Problem of Droplet Injection in a Vapor with the Aim of
Reducing the Pressure
Prof. Nail S. Khabeev and Dr. Mona Al-Mannai
Department of Mathematics, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir
Campus, P.O. Box 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain
Email Address: drmonaaaa@gmail.com
Abstract
As applied to the analysis of sprinkler systems which inject droplets into a
vapor in the case of emergency pressure increases, an unsteady stage of the
process of vapor condensation at the surface of a coldsingle droplet is
considered. The similar situation recently happened at Fukushima atomic
power station in Japan when the building of the station collapsed due to
emergency pressure increase. For the description of the interphase heat and
mass transfer, the solution of the unsteady heat conduction problem inside the
sphere isused. An integral equation of convolution type, which describes the
pressuredecrease in the system, is derived. This equation is solved using the
Laplace's transform. Approximate formulas describing the laws of the pressure
drop in a vapor-droplet system due to the condensation of thevapor phase are
obtained. Results of numerical calculations are presented.
Keywords: vapor-droplet medium, condensation, interphase mass and heat
transfer, modelling of a disperse medium.
Microcosm Experimental A to Quantify Impacts of Reclamation on
Macrobenthos in Bahrain
Dr. Humood A. Naser
Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir
Campus, P.O. Box 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain
Email Address: hnaser@sci.uob.bh
Abstract
Investigating species responses to sediment burial may provide a better
understanding of the effects of reclamation on macrobenthic assemblages in
the coastal and marine environments. This study applies a microcosm
experimental approach to investigate the effects of mud burial on key species
of macrobenthic assemblages inhabiting a shallow coastal area in Bahrain that
proposed to be reclaimed using marine sediment collected from a designated
borrow area. Significant difference in numbers of survived organisms between
control and experimental treatments with a survival percentage of 41.8 % for all
of the selected species was observed. Perinereis nuntia showed the highest
percentage of survival (57.1%) followed by Tellina valtonis (42.3 %) and
Cerithidea cingulata (24.0%). Quantifying reclamation impacts can aid in
estimating ecological compensation, validating the prediction of impacts and
verifying the effectiveness of mitigation measures, and planning for
conservation and management of coastal and marine habitats.
Misconceptions in Nano-granular Magnetic Systems
Dr. Mohammad El-Hilo
Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir
Campus, P.O. Box 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain
Email Address: mhilo@rocketmail.com
Abstract
In this study, dipolar interaction effects in nano-sized magnetic system are
simulated. The results indicate that the nature of the interaction effects cannot
be inferred from changes in the mean magnetization of the system. In a
randomly oriented system of nano-sized particles, the dipolar interaction fields
along the x, y, and z directions are found to be normally distributed with a
mean close to zero dipolar fields. Thus, the probability of finding positive and
negative dipolar fields is almost the same. The simulations of magnetization
curves have shown that the magnetization of the system nonetheless decreases
with increasing particles concentration. This has often been taken as denoting
predominantly demagnetizing interaction fields and to infer that the overall
local interaction fields are negative. Our model alternatively ascribes this
reduction in magnetization to the non-linear response of the magnetization to
the applied field, which weighs the negative interaction fields more strongly
than the positive fields. According to this picture of dipolar interaction fields in
random systems, the idea of describing dipolar interactions in terms of a mean
field that could be added (positive interactions) or subtracted (negative
interactions) from the applied field is not justified. The dispersion of dipolar
fields has major effects on the magnetic response of the system. Evidently the
nature of interactions cannot be determined from the macroscopic
magnetization curves and a simple mean field like interpretation; comparisons
with more complex models are important in order to clarify the effects of
dipolar interactions on the magnetic properties.
Usefulness classes of travelling entangled channels in non inertial frames
Dr. Nasser Metwally
Department of Mathematics, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir
Campus, P.O. Box 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain
Email Address: nmetwally@gmail.com
Abstract
The dynamics of a general two qubits system in non-inertial frame is
investigated analytically, where it is assumed that both of its subsystems are
differently accelerated. Two classes of initial travelling states are considered:
self transposed and generic pure states. The entanglement contained in all
possible generated entangled channels between the qubits and their Antiqubits is quantified. The usefulness of the travelling channels as quantum
channels to perform quantum teleportation is investigated. For the self
transposed classes, we show that the generalized Werner state is the most
robust class. We show that starting from a class of pure state, one can generate
entangled channels more robust than self transposed classes.
Hard Excitation in An Autocatalytic Biochemical System
Dr. Faisal Al-Showaikh
Department of Mathematics, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir
Campus, P.O. Box 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain
Email Address: alshowaikh@gmail.com
Abstract
A glycolytic model, which is an autocatalytic biochemical system in the
presence of recycling enzyme,is solved numerically using two numerical
methods based on finite-difference schemes. Method 1, the well known Euler
method, is an explicit method, whereas method 2 is implicit. Although the
implicit method, method 2, is first-order accurate in time it converges to the
fixed point(s) for large time step, ℓ. Numerical results show the existence of
hard excitation and birhythmicity.
Fatty acid composition of three medicinal plants from Bahrain
Dr. Afnan Freije, Prof. Jameel Alkhuzai and Dr. Abdul Ameer Al-Laith
Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir
Campus, P. O. Box 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain
Email Address: afrije@sci.uob.bh
Abstract
The fatty acids of three medicinal plant species from Bahrain, Asphodelus
tenuifolius, Aizoon canariense, and Emex spinosus were identified. The fatty
acid composition varied among species. Lauric acid (12:0) was the major
saturated fatty acid in all species studied, while α-linolenic (18:3n3) and
eicosatrienoic (20:3n3) acids were the major polyunsaturated fatty acids. The
polyunsaturated omega 3 fatty acids detected in all plants studied are well
known for their role in the prevention of Coronary Heart Disease. The fatty
acid γ-linolenic acid (18:3n6, GLA) was only detected in Aizoon canariense in
noticeably high quantity in plant leaves, whereas tearidonic acid (18:4n3) was
detected in all species but it was significantly (p<0.05) higher in Aizoon
canariense compared to Asphodelus tenuifolius and Emex spinosus.
Therefore, Aizoon canariense can be considered as a promising new source of
GLA that could be useful in treating many diseases and/or cosmetic
applications. The lowest omega 6 to omega 3 ratio was found in Emex
spinosus, while the highest ratio was found in Aizoon canariense.
Keywords: Bahrain; Fatty acids; Gas chromatography, Medicinal plants
Study on improvements in electrical conduction parameters of TCO-CdO with
Ni doping
Dr. Aqeel A. Dakhel
Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir
Campus, P.O. Box 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain
Email Address: adakhil@sci.uob.bh
Abstract
Cadmium oxide (CdO) doped with different amounts of nickel ions thin films
have been prepared on silicon and glass substrates by vacuum evaporation
technique. The effects of nickel doping on the structural, electrical, optical,
and optoelectronic properties of the host CdO films were systematically
studied. The sample elemental composition was determined by the X-ray
fluorescence spectroscopy method. The X-ray diffraction method was used to
study the crystalline structure of the samples. It shows that some of Ni3+ ions
occupy mainly locations in interstitial positions and Cd2+-ion vacancies of CdO
lattice. The bandgap of Ni-doped CdO suffers narrowing of 10-12% compare to
undoped CdO. Such bandgap narrowing was studied within the framework of
the available models. The electrical behaviours show that all the prepared Nidoped CdO films are degenerate semiconductors. However, the nickel doping
influences all the optoelectrical properties of CdO. Their dc-conductivity
carrier concentration and mobility increase compare to undoped CdO film.
The largest mobility of 112.6 cm2/V.s was measured for 1-2% Ni-doped CdO
film. From optoelectronics point of view, Ni-doped CdO can be used in
infrared-transparent-conducting-oxide (NIR-TCO) applications.
Parallel Algorithms of Three Block Iterative Methods for Solving Linear
System of Equations
Dr. Salman H. Abbas
Department of Mathematics, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir
Campus, P.O. Box 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain
Email Address: dr_salman121@hotmail.com
Abstract
The paper represents the parallel algorithms of three iterative methods for
solution of Linear system of equations. The result shows that Successive Over
_Relaxation (SOR) method is more efficient than the other two methods. The
theoretical models of parallel algorithms are presented.
Asymptotic Estimates of the Eigenvalues of Integral Operators with Rational
Kernels
Dr. Mahmood Abbas Al Abbas
Department of Mathematics, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir
Campus, P.O. Box 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain
Email Address Address: malabbas70@hotmail.com
Abstract
Let q be a polynomial in two variables of the form , where , not all zero, and
let K be the rational function
.
A closed (compact) interval will be called admissible for K, and we shall
write , if , for all . For such an interval, K will be continuous and real-symmetric
on , so we obtain a compact symmetric integral operator on
( ).
In this paper we will find asymptotic estimates for the positive and negative
eigenvalues of , for any q and any .
Keywords: Eigenvalues; Integral operators.
Haplotype Specific Alteration of Diabetes MHC Risk by Olfactory Receptor
Gene
Dr. Mohamed Jahromi
Salmaniya Medical Complex, Ministry of Health, P.O Box 12, Kingdom of
Bahrain
Email Address: mjahrami@health.gov.bh
Abstract
The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) on chromosome 6 is
associated with susceptibility to more common diseases than any other region
of the human genome, including almost all disorders classified as
autoimmune. Evidence for genes associated with risk for type 1 diabetes (T1D)
in the region of the MHC other than the well-established HLA-DRB1/DQB1
genes is accumulating, MHC-linked gene. The Olfactory Receptor (OR) gene
family is the largest in the genome. There are six OR gene families on the
chromosome 6. OR family, 14 is located in the telomere of HLA-F. Three
hundred and nightly four Europid families with T1D were genotyped for single
nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the OR gene, rs9257691. Affected family
based association control (AFBAC) method was used for analyses.
Interestingly, the SNP-C allele was significantly associated with type 1 diabetes
that seems to go with DRB1*0401, Χ2=10.9, p=0.0009, Odd Ratio=3.2 .
However, by fixing both well established T1D high risk loci of DR*0401DQB1*0302 the risk for T1D was still significant, Χ2= 7.4, p= 0.007, Odd
Ratio=3.6. The occurrence of association of the SNP-C allele with DRB1*401 is
an independent risk for T1D. Undoubtedly this haplotype specific alteration of
T1D risk is an independent risk for the disease and can address the promising
xMHC gene other than DR/DQ. As it can be a good candidate for diabetes
therapy studies.
Geodesic Bicombing and A New Prof of a Theorem by Masur-Wolf.
Dr. Abdulhadi Belkhirat
Department of Mathematics, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir
Campus, P.O. Box 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain
E-mail: abelkhirat@uob.edu.bh, hbelkhirat@yahoo.fr
Abstract
We present in this paper a new proof of a theorem by Wolf-Masur stipulating
that the Teichm""uller space of surface with genus $g"geq 2$ equipped with
the Teichm""{u}ller metric is not hyperbolic in the sense of Gromov, by
proving that there is no bounded geodesic bicombing in the sense of AlonsoBridson. To our Knowledge, there are several different proofs of this result,
besides the original of Masur-Wolf available in the literature, two different
proof were given using different techniques by MacCarthy-Papadopoulos , and
recently Ivanov gave a very short one."
Some New Difference Sequence Spaces Related Invariant Means
Dr. Mohammad Aiyub
Department of Mathematics, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir
Campus, P.O. Box 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain
Email Address: maiyub2002@yahoo.com
Abstract
In this paper, we define the sequence spaces and , where for any sequences
the difference sequence is given by . We also study some inclusion relations
and properties of the above mentioned spaces. There are generalizations of
those defined and studied by Mursaleen, Gaur and
Chishti in 1997 and some others. AMS subject classification (2000): 40C05,
40H05
Keywords and phrases: Invariant means, Difference sequence spaces, Sub
linear functionals
Photonic Bandgap Materials in Development of Passively Modelocked Vertical
Cavity Surface Emitting Diode Lasers
Dr. Khalil Ebrahim Jasim
Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir
Campus, P.O. Box 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain
Email Addresses: khalilej@sci.uob.bh; khalilej@gmail.com
Abstract
Photonic bandgap structured materials have fascinated many researchers
worldwide since the nineties of the twentieth century. There is a huge amount
of publications on photonic bandgap materials and devices detailing their
science, fabrication techniques, and prospected applications. Photonic
bandgap materials are one-, two-, or three-dimensional structures of materials
with periodic variation in index of refraction made from dielectric or metalodielectric materials with structures sizes ranging from micro to nano scale. The
periodicity of refractive index results in formation of well defined optical
bandgap. Many photonic devices wither are light emitters, detectors,
modulators, or all optical switches have structures based on photonic bandgap
materials. In this work we are discussing some aspects of photonic bandgap
materials in semiconductor materials devices. More attention will be diverted
to the vertical cavity surface emitting lasers VCSEL and the extended VCSEL.
After discussion of the low temperature grown semiconductor saturable
absorbers the realization of passive modelocking of extended VCSEL using
folded and linear cavity configurations will be detailed. Wide range of potential
applications such as high speed chip-scale optical clocks and nonlinear optical
imaging in biology make passively modelocked VECSEL of great appeal for
monolithic integration of coherent light emitter onto planer photonic circuits.
Keywords: Photonic bandgap materials, vertical cavity surface emitting lasers
VCSEL, passive modelocking.
Proximate and Mineral Composition of Crab (Portunus pelagicus) Meat
Consumed in Bahrain
Prof. Abdulrahman Musaiger1 and Dr. Mohammed Al-Rumaidh2
Directorate of Nutritonal Studies and 2Fisheries Research Section, Bahrain
Centre for Studies and Research, Manama, The Kingdom of Bahrain
1
Email Address: malrumaidh@uob.edu.bh
Abstract
The proximate, mineral and heavy metals of raw and cooked crab meat,
Portunus pelagicus , consumed in Bahrain were studied. The crab meat
contains a good level of protein (17.5-/18.8%), with very low proportion of fat
(0.6-/1.4%). The levels of sodium, potassium, calcium and phosphorus were
found to be higher than other minerals. Traces of heavy metals (lead, mercury,
cadmium) were also reported. Traditional cooking had a considerable effect on
proximate and mineral contents of crab meat.
Keywords: Crab meat, Portunus pelagicus, mineral content, Bahrain
Effects of Chronic Exposure to 50 Hz Electromagnetic Fields on Morris Water-Maze
Performance of Prenatal and Neonatal Mice
Dr. Lama Sakhnini1*, Sara Al-Ghareeb2, Sahar Khalil2, Reem Ahmed2, Alaa Abdul
Ameer2 and Amer Kamal2
1
Department of Physice, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir Campus,
P.O. Box 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain.
2 Physiology Department, College of Medicine, Arabian Gulf University, Manama,
Kingdom of Bahrain.
Email Address: l_sakhnini@yahoo.com
Abstract
Extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF), such as those originating
from residential and occupational power lines, household appliances and medical
devices, have been reported repeatedly to produce a variety of biological effects,
which may induce a number of changes in behavioral differences of different living
species, like insects and rodents.
The current study was undertaken to investigate whether 50 Hz MF can elicit a
deficit, in the motor coordination ability of prenatal and neonatal mice. The mice
were exposed to a 1mT, 50 Hz MF for 5 days and the spatial learning and memory
functions were assessed using Morris water maze experiments. . In this behavioral
model, mice are required to locate a submerged platform in a circular pool
containing opaque water.
The electromagnetic fields were delivered by a Helmholtz coil pair. A sinusoidal
current (50 Hz) was passed through the magnet, producing relative homogenous
alternating MF with an average magnetic field (B) of 1 mT. Sham-exposed animals
were subjected to the same experimental procedure as the ELF-MF exposed ones,
but the source of the electromagnetic field was not activated. For group one pregnant
female mice have been placed in two different cages. As the cubs are born the
electromagnetic field was activated and kept for 7 days. While for group 2 two
pregnant female mice have been placed in two different cages and the magnetic field
was activated for 7 days at the end of the pregnancy period. The mice of the three
groups were allowed to grow, and water maze experiments were performed when the
mice are adults (12-13 weeks old).
Data from these experiments show that sub-acute exposure to a 1 mT 50 Hz
magnetic field significantly affect the mice’s rate of learning, when compared to
sham-exposed controls. Swim mean speed was enhanced by magnetic field
exposure, however the latency and the distance to reach the platform were also
increased for both exposed groups. Our results provide convincing evidence that
long time MF exposure to immature mice; causes appreciable long term deficit in
learning abilities.
A Statistical Model for Estimating Human Intake of Heavy Metals Through
Clams.
Dr. Dhaifallah K. Al-Mutairi1 and Dr. Satish K. Agarwal2
Department of Statistics & Operations Research, Kuwait University, Kuwait
2
Department of Mathematics, College of Science, University of Bahrain,
Sakhir Campus, P.O. Box 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain
1
Email Address: satishagarwal123@yahoo.com
Abstract
A statistical model to estimate human intake of heavy metals through clams
is suggested. The use of a probability distribution that has a discrete and a
continuous component is suggested as an appropriate model for the
accumulation levels of heavy metals in any particular tissue of the clam for any
period. The method of maximum likelihood estimator is applied to estimate
the parameters of this distribution. The probability distribution of human
intake of heavy metals is represented in stage two as a convolution of the
modified form of stage one probability distributions. The usefulness of our
methodology is illustrated on a real set of marine biology data.
Error Correcting Codes
Dr. Khalid Amin
Department of Mathematics, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir
Campus, P.O. Box 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain
Email Address: kameen@uob.edu.bh
Abstract
Facrorization of finite abelian groups was proposed by G. Hajós, when he
was attempting to solve a conjecture about tiling by H. Minkowski. G. Hajós
eventually settled this conjecture in its group-theoretic form. Subsequently,
this notion was studied in the context of many other fields, ranging from
number theory to geometry and coding theory. In this presentation, we will use
factorization of finite abelian groups in constructing a single-error-correcting
binary code of length seven and minimum hamming distance three.
Perceptions and attitudes towards bioethical issues:
similarities and differences between medical and non-medical professionals
Dr. Abdul Ameer A. Al-Laith
Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir
Campus, P.O. Box 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain
Email Address: biolaith@gmail.com
Abstract
Human societies are increasingly faced with issues as a result of the
advancement of many new technologies. These issues challenge their morals
and reshape their understanding of the world around them. This paper present
the similarities and differences of perception and attitudes towards several
technologies (biotechnologies) among two selected groups living in Bahrain.
The first group was the medical/health professionals and the second was the
religious scholars. The study recruited 290 respondents and used a written
questionnaire comprised of 21 items with emphasis in two new controversial
biotechnologies; gene therapy and stem cell. Issues addressed included the
role and effect of new technologies on the human wellbeing, effect of
environment and genetics, willingness to allow the application of gene therapy
and stem cell in our society. The findings indicate some similarities and
differences between the two groups with regards to certain issues.
The Host Galaxies of Long and Short Gamma-Ray Bursts
Dr. N. Guessoum1, Dr. Waleed J. Azzam2*, Dr. M. J. Alothman2 and
Dr. S. Al Dallal3
American University of Sharjah, UAE
1
2
Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir
Campus, P.O. Box 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain
Ahlia University, Kingdom of Bahrain
*
Presenting author
3
Email Address: wjazzam@sci.uob.bh
Abstract
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are the most powerful explosions in the universe.
The rate of their discovery has steadily increased over the past few years,
especially with the launch of the Swift and Fermi satellites. Follow-up
observations of their afterglows in other windows (X-ray, optical, and radio)
have enabled the discovery of their host galaxies, which has shed light on the
environment of GRBs. The host galaxies come in a wide variety of types
including elliptical galaxies and star-burst galaxies. In this study, we first give
an overview of GRB host galaxies, and then investigate the properties of a
sample of host galaxies for long Swift GRBs. We examine the isotropic
luminosity and the redshift distributions of these GRBs, and look into the
difference between GRBs that have host galaxies and those for which no host
galaxies were detected despite deep searches.
Keywords: gamma-ray bursts – host galaxies.
An Introduction to Option Pricing in Mathematical Finance
Dr. Thuraya Juma Abdulla
Department of Mathematics, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir
Campus, P.O. Box 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain
Email Address: tjabdulla@uob.edu.bh
Abstract
In this talk we will introduce basic mathematics dealing with risky and risk free assets, and option pricing. We will also present Black-Scholes model for
pricing options. Then we will discuss some computational methods for the
valuation of different types of options. The development of modern option
pricing began with the publication of the Black-Scholes option pricing formula
in 1973. Black and Scholes (1973) and Merton (1973) developed a model to
compute the value of European option. This model has such financial impact
that Robert Merton and Myron Scholes shared 1997 Nobel Prize for economics
(Fisher Black having died in 1995). These days, options and other derivative
securities account for more than half the modern financial market and the
basic tools for risk hedging in any portfolio management.
On Multivariate Rank and Generalized Rank Regression
Dr. Majeda Salman1 and Dr. Joseph W. McKeanm 2
Department of Mathematics, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir
Campus, P.O. Box 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain.
2
Western Michigan University
1
Email Address: salmanmajda@yahoo.com
Abstract
Multivariate regression estimates based on ranks and generalized ranks are
proposed. These estimates are based on a transformation and retransformation
technique that uses Tyler's (1987) M-estimator of scatter. The proposed
estimates are obtained by retransforming the component- wise rank-based
estimate due to Davis and McKean (1993) and a componentwise generalized
rank estimate. Asymptotic properties of the estimates are established under
some regularity conditions. It is shown that both estimates have a multivariate
normal limiting distribution. The influence function of the retransformed
generalized rank estimate has a bounded influence in both factor and response
spaces. It is shown through a simulation study that the transformedretransformed R and GR estimates are highly efficient compared to the
componentwise R, GR and least absolute deviations estimates. Also, it is
shown that the new estimates perform better than the least squares estimate
when the errors have a heavy tailed distribution. Examples illustrating the
estimation procedures are presented.
In vitro shoot regeneration of Petunia hybrida L.
Dr. Thuraya A. Almansoori1 and Manar M. Al-muhandi
Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir
Campus, P.O. Box 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain
1
Email Address: talmansoori@yahoo.com
Abstract
Rapid and reliable methods of shoot regeneration were established for
Petunia hybrida L.. Leaf and nodal segments of five different genotypes of
petunia were inoculated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented
with 3% sucrose, 0.7% agar and various combinations of plant growth
regulators; including: BA, IAA, IBA, NAA and Kinetin. The results of the
investigation showed that the different explants and the various genotypes
respond differently to the added plant growth regulators. The overall means
indicates that the leaf segments were the best explants for shoot induction and
proliferation compared to the axillary buds, though they possess pre-existing
meristimatic tissues. Petunia “grand flora orchid veined flush” genotype nodal
segments exhibited the highest number of shoot regeneration on media
augmented with 1.0 mg/l BA; whereas Petunia “Grand Bravo Rose” exhibited
the highest shoot proliferation when leaf segments were cultured on MS media
supplemented with 1.0 mg/l BA followed by Petunia “Grand Bravo Red”,
which exhibited the highest number of regenerated shoots on media
supplemented with 2.0 mg/l BA and 0.6 mg/l IAA. The least rates of shoot
formation from both explants were recorded on media fortified with different
concentration of Kinitin in combination with the 2.0 mg/l BA.
_________________
*
Corresponding author
Quantum dots science and applications
Dr. Khalil Ebrahim Jasim
Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir
Campus, P.O. Box 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain
Email Addresses: khalilej@sci.uob.edu, khalilej@gmail.com
Abstract
Quantum dots (QD) also known as nanocrystals are nanostructured
semiconducting materials possessing unique physical and chemical
characteristics due to their size (quantum confined effects). Thus, many
theoretical and experimental investigations have been reported and different
preparation techniques are being suggested. Currently, quantum dots have
being researched for use in many applications such as coherent and incoherent
light emitters, solar cells, medical imaging, security tagging, and nonlinear
optical devices. In short, quantum dots are a non-traditional type of
semiconductors with limitless applications as an enabling material across
many industries. In this paper, after detailing nature and characteristics of
quantum dots, some of their preparation techniques will be summarized.
Spectrum of quantum dots applications will be discussed. Finally, our ongoing
research activity using quantum dots at the University of Bahrain will be
presented.
Markovian Method to Evaluate the Availability of Systems with Bathtub
Hazard Rate Function
Dr. Mohammed Y. Ashqar
Department of Mathematics, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir
Campus, P.O. Box 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain
Email Address: myashkar@hotmail.com
Abstract
Most realistic systems possess working time with hazard rate of bathtub
shaped. The hazard rate function, however, plays an important role in
computation of the availability function. The repair time could be modeled by
any statistical distribution. In this study I will investigate the nature of
availability function and point availability of systems with bathtub hazard
function and exponential distribution repair time using Markovian method.
Representation of a Lie Group G(0,1) and Incomplete 2D Hermite Polynomials
Dr. Mohannad Shahwan
Department of Mathematics, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir
Campus, P.O. Box 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain
Email Address: dr_mohannad69@yahoo.com
Abstract
In this paper we derive some generating relations involving Incomplete 2D
Hermite polynomials (I2DHP) , of two-variable ,two index and one parameter
using Lie-theoretic approach .Certain (known or new) generating relations for
the polynomials related to I2DHP are also obtained as special cases.
Can Pearl Oyster (Pinctada radiata) survive environmental stressors?
Dr. Khadija Zainal
Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir
Campus, P.O. Box 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain
Email Address: Kzainal@gmail.com
Abstract
Pearl oysters are considered part of the Gulf national heritage and have been
fished for since the ancient time as part of economy. Naturally, they occur at a
wide range of depths from intertidal zone down to a depth of >30 m. Some
evidence suggest that these animals are exposed to a range of stressors
resulting from anthropogenic activities. Data is currently lacking on the
survival of marine animals under environmental stressors such as changes in
oxygen concentration, temperature, salinity levels and pollutants. In addition,
natural variation in dissolved oxygen concentration could be caused by high
summer temperature leading to hypoxic conditions.
This work investigates the effect of reducing oxygen concentration and air
exposures on the tolerance of the Pearl Oysters. The metabolic rate was
measured as oxygen consumed per unit time and was monitored for several
hours following the exposure to anoxic conditions. The behavior of the
animals was noted during and after the return of normal conditions.
The results indicated that oysters can maintain their respiratory activity
independent of the lowering oxygen concentrations down to a certain point
after which the animal seems to be surviving un-aerobically for over 24 hours
in anoxic condition. Once the oxygen level is brought back to the original
levels the animals resumed their normal behavior of ventilating their gills by
rhythmic opening and closing of their valves. These animals are good
candidates for bio-monitoring. Studying physiological responses of these
animals have implications for conservation and for aquaculture.
Y3Fe5O12 Nanoparticles as a Promising Material for Medical Delivery
and Hyperthermia
Mohammed Bououdina1,2, Ahmed Al-Saie1,2,*, S. Rashdan3, A. Jaafar2, S. AlThawadi4, A. Bin-Thani4, John M. Melnyczuk5, Ynhi T. Thai5 and Christopher
S. Brazel5
Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir
Campus, P.O. Box 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain.
2
Department of Physics, Centre of Nanotechnology, University of Bahrain,
Sakhir Campus, P.O. Box 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain.
3
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir
Campus, P.O. Box 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain.
4
Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir
Campus, P.O. Box 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain.
5
Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Alabama,
Box 870203, Tuscaloosa, A.L. 335487-0203, U.S.A.
1
Email Address: ahmed.alsaie@gmail.com
Abstract
Self-heating of nanoparticles under alternating magnetic field AMF was
examined on Fe3O4, CoFe2O4, and Y3Fe5O12 nanocrystalline oxides. Fe3O4
nanoparticles were prepared via a chemical co-precipitation route, whereas
CoFe2O4 and Y3Fe5O12 particles were prepared by mechanical milling with
subsequent annealing. Magnetic properties (saturation magnetization Ms,
remanence Mr and coercivity Hc) and crystallite size are reported. The heat
generated by placing these particles in a high frequency alternating magnetic
field (AMF) was investigated for a fixed amplitude and frequency as a
function of the particle composition. CoFe2O4 and Y3Fe5O12 nanoparticles
were found to heat much more efficiently than Fe3O4 nanoparticles, one of
the standard iron oxide materials investigated for magnetic fluid
hyperthermia therapy. Although Y3Fe5O12 possess lower Ms and lower
hysteresis loop area (M-H area) than Fe3O4, but its response to AMF results
in generating higher temperature and higher heating rate which make it very
attractive for Hyperthermia applications. This anomalous behavior was
attributed to the heat capacity which paly a dominant role compared to the
size effect and hysteresis loop area. Furthermore, with lower Hc, Y3Fe5O12
will be less likely to agglomerate compared to Fe3O4. Thus such feature
makes it very attractive for medical delivery or cancer treatment.
On Invariants of Knots and Links in the Solid Torus
Dr. Khaled Batanieh
Department of Mathematics, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir
Campus, P.O. Box 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain
Email Address: khaledb@just.edu.jo
Abstract
The revolution of invariants of knots and links in the three-space was
announced by the appearance of the well-known Jones polynomial in 1984.
Since that time many powerful invariants were discovered. Much recent work
has been done on knots and links in other three-manifolds than the Euclidean
space. We study some invariants of knots and links in the solid torus as a space
of special interest. We introduce some interesting results involving polynomial
invariants and finite-type invariants for knots and links in the solid torus.
Revival of Essential Oils as Therapeutic Agents
Dr. Kholod Abou Seedo1, Dr. Salwa Al-Thawadi2, Dr. Ahmed Salih3 and Dr.
Ahmed Taha4
Public Authority of Agriculture Affairs and Fish Resources, State of Kuwait.
Department of Mathematics, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir
Campus, P.O. Box 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain.
3
Desert and Arid Zones Sciences Program, Arabian Gulf University.
4
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, UOB.
1
2
Email Address: ahmedabd@sci.uob.bh
Abstract
Essential oils have been used for times immemorial in combating diseases
and for curbing the infestation of microorganism on humans and animals.
However, by the 20th century essential oils role as therapeutic agents has
declined mainly due to the increasing role of synthetic drugs in pharmaceutical
preparations. Arabia and Gulf Countries have a long standing tradition of
trading in essential oils and perfumes. William Shakespeare in his famous play
“Macbeth” quoted “All the perfumes of Arabia will not sweeten this little
hand...” Cultivation of medicinal plants for use in perfumes and aromatherapy
has also been practiced in the region, albeit the harsh desert climates. The
recent rise in importance of essential oils as therapeutic drugs and the
proliferating publications in this field prompted us to revive this long standing
tradition in the region and to try to overcome the harsh desert conditions by
cultivating medicinal plants, namely, sage (Salvia officinalis), rosemary
(Rosemarinus officinalis) and lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) using the
new agricultural technological practices hydroponic and compost. Results of
the effect of these new practices, in comparison to natural sandy habitats, on
their essential oil yields using hydrodistillation and chemical composition
using GC-MS analysis will be presented. Their emerging role as new
antimicrobial therapeutic agents exhibiting in agar diffusion method varying
degree of growth inhibition against Klebsiella pneumonia, Bacillus subtilis,
Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens, Pseudomonas
aeruginosa, Micrococcus luteus, salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus
epidermidis and against cancer and Alzheimer’s disease will be discussed in
this paper.
Screening Petunia hybrida L. Genotypes for Salt Tolerance at Plantlet Stage
Fatma A. Al-Attar1, Dr. Thuraya A. Almansoori2* and Dr. Ahmed A. Saleh1
Desert and Arid Zones Sciences Programme, College of Graduate Studies,
Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain.
2
Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir
Campus, P.O. Box 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain.
1
Email Address: fatmaq83@hotmail.com
Abstract
Petunia hybrid L. is an ornamental plant, which belongs to the Solanaceae
family. It is widely used in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries as a
winter ornamental plant for landscaping. The current investigation was
conducted to screen for variation in salt tolerance among petunia genotypes.
Two months old in vitro derived plantlets of seven different genotypes were
subjected in vitro to different levels of NaCl (0.0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, and
0.30M NaCl). Significant variations among the studied genotypes were evident
when plantlets fresh weight was considered as indicator for salt tolerance. Salt
treatments exhibited a remarkable effect on the measured morphological and
physiological parameters. The plantlets revealed a significant reduction in
their fresh weight along with ions imbalance. A significant increase in Na
accumulation, combined with a remarkable reduction in K, Ca, and P was
recorded along with increasing the level of the salt added into the medium.
Furthermore, the abiotic stress stimulated SOD and CAT antioxidant enzymes
activity and proline accumulation. Among the measured physiological
parameters proline, which adjusts the intracellular osmotic potential between
the cytoplasm and the vacuole, could be the most related parameter to the
variation in salt tolerance between the genotypes. Accordingly, proline
concentration could be the best partially invasive parameter to be used for
screening petunia genotypes for salt tolerance at plantlets stage.
_________________
* Corresponding author
Testing Ultrasound New Phantom
Basma Al-Najar*, Maheen Mohammed and Dr. Lama Saknini
Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir
Campus, P.O. Box 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain
Email Address: basma-alnajar@hotmail.com
Abstract
The poor correlation between clinical performance of ultrasound scanners
and their assessment using test objects is well recorded. Test object problems
include: operator dependence; insensitivity to small but significant change;
and poor reproducibility.
Some devices claimed to address these problems. A past study evaluated one
of them (TCC phantom, Satrapa 2001) in terms of its reproducibility and
sensitivity and to see how valid it was for a QA programme. It was found that
such phantom offers a reproducible means by which an ultrasound scanner
performance can be characterised in terms of its SNR as a function of depth. It
therefore has potential for use as a routine QA method. However uncertainty
remains as to how best to relate these figures to clinical performance
Therefore, this work has been extended at University of Bahrain to evaluate
new phantoms that created by our student using novel materials to our
knowledge. These phantoms are cheap to manufacture and can be used both
for ultrasound scanners and MRI machines.
At University of Bahrain medical physics lab, a superior Ultrasound Machine
(Philips HD11XE) is used to evaluate the new phantom and see if it can be
appropriate in teaching, research and QA programs. The same method of
evaluating the (TCC phantom) in our new phantom is to be applied.
Compliance of total quality management practices of the college of science at
University of Bahrain with international performance laboratory standards.
Maysoon Nedham Awadh
Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir
Campus, P.O. Box 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain
Email Address: mawadh@sci.uob.bh
Abstract
Total quality management (TQM) in higher educational institutions is an
integrative approach aimed towards continuous improvement of performance
to meet or exceed international standards. Though, TQM efforts need a
valuable empirical approach to assess the compliance of performance
standards with provided resources and organizational and departmental goals.
Whereas the Science Teaching laboratory (STL) is an almost distinctive setting
to science education, the objective of this study is to analyze the association
between the resources input that provided by the College of Science at
University of Bahrain (UOB-CoSc.) and the Good laboratory practice GLP
standards of the international Organization for Economic Cooperation and
Development (OECD). A self-administrated questionnaire based on OECDGLP was conducted by the researcher and applied on 42.7% staff of Biology,
Physics and Chemistry departments at UOB. The questionnaire was consisted
of three parts, the first part was general information about personal
employment and practical experience which include age, gender, highest
educational degree, work experience, job title, department and managerial
position. Second part was related to the total inputs (General organization,
department and personal policies, and physical laboratory environment) of
UOB-CoSc. The third part of the questionnaire complied the GLP
performance of UOB-CoSc. faculty and administration staff.A response rate of
(50%) was obtained with high internal consistency of questionnaire scales
(Cronbach α coefficient: 0.819 to 0.833). A strong positive correlation (Pearson
correlation coefficient = 0.705, P<0.01) between UOB-CoS inputs and staff
performance was obtained. As well, under control of different personal
information, a strong positive correlation (Pearson correlation coefficient)
between UOB-CoS inputs and staff performance were detected as following:
“age group” (0.713), “gender” (0.720), “educational degree” (0.720), “work
experience” (0.738), “job title” (0.699), “instance of current job” (0.747),
“department” (0.662) and “managerial position” (0.704). Despite that no
significant differences was found between faculty and administration staff GLP
performance, in terms of gender, age, educational degree, work experience, job
title and instance of current job, the staffs of physics department were
significantly (P<0.01) showed the lowest GLP performance.This study
provides an information feedback system to determine whether there any
deviations in TQM practices implementation through STL system at Bahrain
University. Accompanied by the fact that improvement in one element forces
the whole entire system; inputs do impact the other two elements
(performance and outputs) of any system. Consequently, the results of this
study offered an empirical measure to recognize interdependencies and
interrelation between TQM practices and STL system at higher educational
institutions