LONG BEACH CITY COLLEGE
Associate Degree Nursing Program
ADN 22A
Advanced Nursing Critical Care Life Span
COURSE SYLLABUS
for
PEDIATRICS THEORY CONTENT
Edited by:
Ronda Wood, RN-BC, MN, EdD
 2011 Long Beach City College Associate Degree Nursing Program,
Long Beach CA 90808
PEDIATRICS THEORY BEHAVIORAL OBJECTIVES
Theory Content: RESPIRATORY HEALTH DEVIATIONS OF CHILDHOOD ...................... 3.0
Common Pediatric Respiratory Disorders Worksheet ................................................. 3.1
Respiratory Drugs Worksheet ....................................................................................... 3.3
Theory Content: GI and METABOLIC HEALTH DEVIATIONS OF CHILDHOOD ............. 4.0
Acute Gastroenteritis Study Guide ............................................................................... 4.2
GI Disorders Study Guide........................ ...................................................................... 4.3
CF/Celiac Disease Study Guide ..................................................................................... 4.4
Cleft Lip-Cleft Palate Worksheet .................................................................................. 4.5
Adult vs Childhood Dibetes Mellitus Study Guide....................................................... 4.6
Hypoglycemia vs Hyperglycemia ................................................................................... 4.7
Types of Insulin .............................................................................................................. 4.8
Theory Content: CARDIAC HEALTH DEVIATIONS OF CHILDHOOD ............................... 5.0
Rhuematic Fever and Inflammatory/Infectious Heart Diseases Worksheet .............. 5.1
Congenital Cardiac Anomalies Worksheet ................................................................... 5.3
Kawasaki Disease Worksheet ........................................................................................ 5.4
Theory Content: NEUROLOGICAL HEALTH DEVIATIONS OF CHILDHOOD .................. 6.0
Meningitis/Meningococcemia Study Guide ................................................................... 6.2
Hydrocephalus Study Guide .......................................................................................... 6.4
Spina Bifida Study Guide .............................................................................................. 6.5
Reye’s Syndrome Worksheet .......................................................................................... 6.6
Cerebral Palsy Study Guide........................................................................................... 6.7
Mental Retardation Study Guide .................................................................................. 6.8
Theory Content: HEMATOLOGICAL HEALTH DEVIATIONS OF CHILDHOOD ............... 7.0
Leukemia in Children Study Guide .............................................................................. 7.1
Iron Deficiency Anemia Study Guide ............................................................................ 7.2
Sickle Cell Anemia Study Guide ................................................................................... 7.3
Hemophilia Study Guide... ............................................................................................. 7.5
Theory Content: IMMUNOLOGICAL and CD HEALTH DEVIATIONS OF CHILDHOOD . 8.0
Immunological Alterations Study Guide ....................................................................... 8.1
Immunologic Functioning Study Guide ........................................................................ 8.2
Communicable Diseases Study Guide ........................................................................... 8.3
Common Childhood Parasitic Conditions Study Guide ............................................... 8.5
Theory Content: MUSCULUSKELETAL HEALTH DEVIATIONS OF CHILDHOOD ......... 9.0
Traction and Cast Care Study Guide ............................................................................ 9.1
Congenital Orthopedic Anomalies Study Guide ........................................................... 9.2
Common Orthopedic Problems in Children Study Guide ............................................ 9.3
Theory Content: GENITOURINARY HEALTH DEVIATIONS OF CHILDHOOD .............. 10.0
Nephritis/Nephrosis Worksheet .................................................................................. 10.1
Common Genitourinary Disorders Worksheet ........................................................... 10.2
Theory Content: RESPIRATORY HEALTH DEVIATIONS OF CHILDHOOD
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Independently identify similarities and differences between adult and child respiratory
health deviations. Describe how these deviations affect the self-care requisites.
Using the worksheet "Common Respiratory Disorders/Otitis Media," describe the
pathophysiology, age of incidence, nursing assessments (including diagnostic tests),
nursing diagnoses, patient goals, nursing interventions (including educative/supportive
role, patient/family teaching, safety, and hygiene), and medical management (including
medications and nutritional considerations) for the patient with the following health
deviations:
A. Tracheal-Esophageal Fistula/Atresia (TEF)
B. Croup-like syndromes: Spasmodic Croup
C. Laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB) & Epiglottitis
D. Bronchiolitis & Bronchitis
E. Pneumonia
F. Cystic Fibrosis (respiratory aspects only)
F. Otitis Media
H. Asthma & Acute asthmatic episodes
I. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
J. Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)
K. Nasopharyngitis & Pharyngitis
L. Tonsilitis
M. Laryngomalacia
N. Tuberculosis
O. Foreign body aspiration
Compare and contrast the 4 methods of administering oxygen to children.
Using the "Respiratory Drugs" worksheet:
A. Independently review respiratory medications from previous courses.
B. Briefly define the subclasses of respiratory drugs, classify the drugs listed, and
differentiate between alpha, beta I and beta 2 adrenergic drugs.
Review the administration of ear drops, nose drops, and inhaled medications to children.
Assignment:
1.
James, S.R., & Ashwill, J.W. (2007). Nursing care of children principles & practice (3rd
ed). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company: Pages 359-365, 519-522, 599-630, 634-649,
652-663.
2.
Worksheets: Common Pediatric Respiratory Disorders & Respiratory Drugs
3.0
WORKSHEET: COMMON PEDIATRIC RESPIRATORY DISORDERS
Health
Deviation
TEF/TEA
Pathophysiology/
Age of Incidence
Nursing
Assessment
Nursing
Diagnoses/PC
Spasmodic
Croup
LTB &
Epiglottitis
Bronchiolitis/
Bronchitis/RSV
Pneumonia
(Bacterial/Viral)
3.1
Patient
Goals
Nursing
Interventions
Medical
Management
Health
Deviation
Otitis Media
WORKSHEET: COMMON PEDIATRIC RESPIRATORY DISORDERS
Pathophysiology/
Nursing
Nursing
Patient
Nursing
Age of Incidence
Assessment
Diagnoses/PC
Goals
Interventions
Asthma/Status
Asthmaticus
SIDS
Nasopharyngitis/
Pharyngitis
Tonsilitis
Laryngomalacia
Tuberculosis
3.2
Medical
Management
WORKSHEET: RESPIRATORY DRUGS
List the class, method of action, route(s) of administration, common uses, side effects and
nursing responsibilities for the following respiratory drugs:
Albuterol (Ventolin, Proventil)
Aminophylline
Beclomethasone (Vanceril)
Cromolyn sodium (Intal)
Diphenhydeamine (Benadryl)
Epinephrine (Adrenaline)
Ephedrine sulfate
Flonase (fluticasone propionate)
Guaifenesin (Robitussin and others)
Hydrocortisone (Solucortef)
Isoetharin (Brokosol)
Isopreterenol (Isuprel)
Metaproterenol (Alupent)
Methylprednisone (SoluMedrol)
Nasonex (mometasone furoate monohydrate)
Prednisone
Pseudoephreine (Sudafed)
Ribavirn (Virazole)
Terbutalilne (Brethine, Bricayl)
Theophyline (Slophyllin, Theodur)
Triaminic DM, Expetorant, Expectorant DH
3.3
Theory Content: GASTROINTESTINAL AND METABOLIC HEALTH DEVIATIONS
OF CHILDHOOD
1.
2.
3.
4.
Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances:
A. Compare and contrast the differences between infants and adults in regard to fluid and
electrolytes.
B. Discuss health deviations that effect fluid and electrolyte balance in infants and
children: diarrhea, hyperthermia, dehydration, and vomiting.
C. Discuss the hazards of diarrhea, hyperthermia, dehydration, and vomiting.
Common Gastrointestinal Health Deviations: Using the study guide: describe the
pathophysiology, age of incidence, nursing assessments (including diagnostic tests),
nursing diagnoses, patient goals, nursing interventions (including educative/supportive
role, patient/family teaching, safety, and hygiene), and medical management (including
medications and nutritional considerations) for the patient with the following health
deviations:
A. Acute Gastroenteritis
B. Gastro-Esophageal Reflux (GER)
C. Pyloric Stenosis
D. Volvulus
E. Intussusception
F. Hirschsprung’s Disease
G. Acute Appendicits/Ruptured Appendix
H. Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC)
I. Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Crohn’s Disease, Ulcerative Colitis)
Malabsorption Health Deviations: Using the study guide: describe the pathophysiology,
age of incidence, nursing assessments (including diagnostic tests), nursing diagnoses,
patient goals, nursing interventions (including educative/supportive role, patient/family
teaching, safety, and hygiene), and medical management (including medications and
nutritional considerations) for the patient with the following health deviations:
A. Cystic Fibrosis
B. Celiac Disease
Clef Lip/Palate
A. Using the worksheet, compare and contrast cleft lip and cleft palate.
B. Discuss the specific feeding problems related to the health deviations of cleft lip and
cleft palate.
4.0
5.
Childhood Diabetes
A. Independently review the major concepts of diabetes, including signs symptoms of
hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia from ADN 12B.
B. Independently review the three types of insulin.
C. Compare and contrast health deviations of adult versus childhood diabetes using the
study guide.
D. Discuss the medical and nursing management of the diabetic child (specifically the
educative/supportive role emphasizing nutritional hazards related to the stages for growth
and development).
E. Define and discuss diabetic ketoacidosis, including pathophysiology, clinical
manifestations, medical management and nursing interventions.
Assignment:
1.
Dudek, S.G. (2005). Nutrition essentials for nursing practice (5th ed). Philadelphia:
Lippincott. Pages 566-600.
2.
James, S.R., & Ashwill, J.W. (2007). Nursing care of children principles & practice (3rd
ed). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company: Pages 486-505, 507-513-518, 522-529, 534552, 554-556, 877-881, 898-916.
3.
Study Guides: Acute Gastroenteritis & G.I. Disorders, Cystic Fibrosis/Celiac Disease,
Adult versus Childhood Diabetes Melliltus, Hypogycemia versus Hyperglycemia, Types
of Insulins
4.
Worksheet: Cleft Lip/Cleft Palate
4.1
STUDY GUIDE: ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS (AGE)
Pathophysiology
Etiology/Prognosis
Diagnostic Tests
Medical Management
Nursing Assessment
Nursing Diagnosis
Nursing Interventions
4.2
STUDY GUIDE: GI DISORDERS
Disorders
Pathophysiology/
Etiology
Assessment
GastroEsophageal
Reflux (GER)
Pyloric
Stenosis
(Bowel
Obstruction)
Volvulus
Intussuseption
Hirschsprung’s
Disease
Acute
Appendicitis/
Ruptured
Appendix
Necrotizing
Enterocolotis
(NEC)
4.3
Medical/
Surgical
Treatment
Nursing Dx
Interventions
Diet
STUDY GUIDE: CYSTIC FIBROSIS/CELIAC DISEASE
(MALABSORPTION DISORDERS)
Etiology/
Prognosis/
Pathophysiology
Cystic
Fibrosis
Nursing
Diagnoses
Assessment/
Medical
Nursing
Diagnostic Management Interventions
Tests
1. Pancreas/GI tract
2. Respiratory
system
3. Skin
4. Other
Celiac
Disease
4.4
Diet
WORKSHEET: CLEFT LIP-CLEFT PALATE
CLEFT LIP
CLEFT PALATE
Definition:
Surgical Reconstruction:
Immediate Post-Op Care:
Care of Suture Line & Feeding:
Nursing Care Priorities:
Discharge/Teaching:
Follow-Up Care:
4.5
STUDY GUIDE: ADULT VS CHILDHOOD DIABETES MELLITIUS (Type I)
ADULT
Age of Incidence:
CHILD
Pathophysiology:
Signs & Symptoms:
Diagnostic Tests:
Insulin Needs:
Diet:
Activity:
Course of the Disease:
Teaching:
4.6
HYP0GLYCEMIA VERSUS HYPERGLYCEMIA
HYPOGLYCEMIA
HYPERGLYCEMIA
CAUSE
Excessive insulin injections
Inadequate insulin injection
Limited food intake
Excessive food intake
Excessive exercise
Infection
Stress
GI SYMPTOMS
HUNGER
Polydipsia
Vomiting
Abdominal pain
CNS SYMPTOMS
(Quick changes)
(Slow changes)
Irritability
Drowsy
Convulsions
Coma
Coma
RESPIRATORY
SYMPTOMS
Sweet, acetone breath
Kussmaul breathing
SKIN SYMPTOMS
Pale
Dehydration
Cool
Warm
Clammy
Dry
Flushed
MUSCULOSKELETAL
SYMPTOMS
Weakness
Trembling
Shaking
GU SYMPTOMS
Negative testing
Glycosuria
Ketonuria
Polyuria
DANGER
Brain cells need glucose for
Fatty acids form acidosis
function and survival
develops (decreased Na, K,
Cl, Bicarb P)
KEY NURISNG
INTERVENTIONS
Administer a quick source
Give insulin
of glucose (oral, rectal or
Correct F & E deficits
IV), followed by a serving
of quickly metabolized
protein (8oz. milk)
4.7
TYPES OF INSULIN
Subcutaneous insulin is available in rapid, fast, intermediate and long-acting forms. Examples of
all four forms and their effects on blood glucose levels are listed below. A fast-acting IV
insulin that begins to work within 5 minutes as also available for emergencies. It peaks
after 15-30 minutes and continues for lower blood glucose levels for an hour.
TYPE
Rapid-acting
(Lispro/Humalog,
Aspart/Novolog)
Fast-acting
(Regular, Semilente,
IletinII)
Intermediate-acting
(NPH, Lente)
Long-acting
(Lantus, Ultralente,
IletinI)
ONSET
Less than 15
minutes
PEAK
1-2 hours
DURATION
3-4 hours
30-60 minutes
2-3 hours
3-6 hours
2-4 hours
4-10 hours
10-16 hours
2-4 hours
No peak
20-24 hours
4.8
Theory Content: CARDIAC HEALTH DEVIATIONS OF CHILDHOOD
1.
2.
3.
4.
Review fetal circulation and the adaptation from intra to extra-uterine life from previous
courses.
Rheumatic Fever, Infectious and Inflammatory Heart Disease:
Using the study guide: describe the pathophysiology, age of incidence, nursing
assessments (including diagnostic tests), nursing diagnoses, patient goals, nursing
interventions (including educative/supportive role, patient/family teaching, safety, and
hygiene), and medical management (including medications and nutritional
considerations) for the patient with the following health deviations: Rheumatic
Endocarditis, Bacterial Endocarditis, Pericarditis and Chronic valve Problems (include
surgical interventions)
Congenital Cardiac Anomalies: Using the study guide: describe the pathophysiology, age
of incidence, nursing assessments (including diagnostic tests), nursing diagnoses, patient
goals, nursing interventions (including educative/supportive role, patient/family teaching,
safety, and hygiene), and medical management (including medications and nutritional
considerations) for the patient with the following health deviations:
A. Acyanotic: Atrial Septal Defect, Ventricular Septal Defect, Coarctation of the Aorta,
Patent Ductus Arteriosis, Atrioventricular Canal Defect, Pulmonary Stenosis.
B. Cyanotic: Tetrology of Fallot, Transposition of the Great Vessels, Truncus Arteriosus.
Kawasaki Disease: Using the study guide: describe the pathophysiology, age of
incidence, nursing assessments (including diagnostic tests), nursing diagnoses, patient
goals, nursing interventions (including educative/supportive role, patient/family teaching,
safety, and hygiene), and medical management (including medications and nutritional
considerations) for the patient with Kawasaki Disease.
Assignment:
1.
James, S.R., Ashwill, J.W. (2007). Nursing care of children principles & practice (3rd
ed). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company: Pages 664-704, 707-712.
2.
Worksheets: Rheumatic Fever/Infections and Inflammatory Heart Disorders, Congenital
Cardiac Anomalies, Kawasaki Disease
5.0
WORKSHEET: RHEUMATIC FEVER AND INFLAMMATORY/INFECTIOUS HEART DISEASES
Disorder
Pathophysiology
Rheumatic
Fever
Jones Criteria
(Signs/Symptoms)
Major
Minor
Diagnostic
Tests
Medical
Management
Nursing
Responsibilities
Diagnostic
Tests
Medical
Management
Acute Period:
Nursing
Responsibilities
Age:
Incidence:
Sex:
Disorder
Pathophysiology
General S/S
Specific S/S
Rheumatic
Endocarditis
Age:
Valves Involved:
Acute/Chronic Complications:
5.1
WORKSHEET: RHEUMATIC FEVER AND INFLAMMATORY/INFECTIOUS HEART DISEASES
Disorder
Pathophysiology
General S/S
Specific S/S
Bacterial
Endocarditis
Acute:
Age:
Subacute:
Age:
Pericarditis
Chronic Valves
5.2
Diagnostic
Tests
Medical
Management
Nursing
Responsibilities
WORKSHEET: CONGENITAL CARDIAC ANOMALIES
Disorder &
Pathophysiology
ACYANOTIC
Assessments
Nursing Dx &
Interventions
Atrial Septal Defect
Ventral Septal
Defect
Coarctation of the
Aorta
Patent Ductus
Arteriosus
Atriocentricular
Canal Defect
Pulmonary Stenosis
CYANOTIC
Tetrology of Fallot
Transpositon of the
Great Vessels
Truncus Arteriosus
5.3
Treatments
WORKSHEET: KAWASAKI DISEASE
(Acute Febrile Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome)
Incidence/Etiology:
Clinical Manifestations:
Therapeutic Management:
Nursing Considerations:
5.4
Theory Content: NEUROLOGICAL HEALTH DEVIATIONS OF CHILDHOOD
1.
2.
3.
4.
Meningitis, Viral and Bacterial
A. Define and describe the pathophysiology of both types of meningitis.
B. Discuss the age of incidence, nursing assessments, diagnostic tests, nursing diagnoses,
patient goals, nursing interventions including educative/supportive role, patient/family
teaching, safety, and hygiene, and medical management of meningitis and
meningococcemia.
C. Discuss the hazards of meningitis, such as hydrocephalus and encephalopathy.
Congenital Anomalies: Using the study guide, identify the pathophysiology, age of
incidence, nursing assessments (including diagnostic tests), nursing diagnoses, patient
goals, nursing interventions (including educative/supportive role, patient/family teaching,
safety, and hygiene), and medical management (including medications and nutritional
considerations) for the following health deviations:
A. Hydrocephalus
B. Spina Bifida, occulta
C. Spina Bifida, cystica
i. Meningocele
ii. Meningomylocele
D. Discuss the implications that meningomyelocele has on the self care requisites.
E. Discuss the role of the nurse in regards to the promotion of normalcy in families that
have a child with meningomyelocele.
Reye's Syndrome
A. Define and identify the pathophysiology, age of incidence, nursing assessments
(including diagnostic tests), nursing diagnoses, patient goals, nursing interventions
(including educative/supportive role, patient/family teaching, safety, and hygiene), and
medical management (including medications and nutritional considerations)for this health
deviation.
B. Identify the cultural group and high risk group with the highest incident of this health
deviation.
C. Discuss the role of the nurse in regards to the promotion of normalcy and prevention
of hazards such as Reye's Syndrome in families with young children.
Cerebral Palsy
A. Using the study guide, Cerebral Palsy, Discuss the pathophysiology, age of incidence,
nursing assessments (including diagnostic tests), nursing diagnoses, patient goals, nursing
interventions (including educative/supportive role, patient/family teaching, safety, and
hygiene), and medical management (including medications and nutritional
considerations) this health deviation.
B. Discuss the implications that cerebral palsy has on self care requisites associated with
mobility.
6.0
5.
6.
Mental Retardation: Using the study guide, identify the pathophysiology, age of
incidence, nursing assessments (including diagnostic tests), nursing diagnoses, patient
goals, nursing interventions (including educative/supportive role, patient/family teaching,
safety, and hygiene), and medical management (including medications and nutritional
considerations) of the following health deviations:
A. Phenylketonuria (PKU)
B. Down's Syndrome
C. Brain damage from trauma and/or infection
D. Developmental Delay
E. Discuss the diet therapy for phenylketonuria
Seizure Disorders
A. Independently review content from previous courses: classification, assessments,
interventions, drug therapy, teaching.
B. Identify incidence, cause & treatment of febrile seizures.
Assignment:
1. James, S.R., Ashwill, J.W., & Droske, S.C. (2007). Nursing care of children principles &
practice (3rd ed). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company: Pages 76, 342, 883-884, 920, 931-942,
947-956, 959, 10008-1011.
2. Study Guides: Meningitis/Meningococcemia, Mental Retardation
6.1
STUDY GUIDE: MENINGITIS/MENINGOCOCCEMIA
BACTERIAL
Etiology:
Causative Organisms and
Modes of Entry
Assessment Findings
CSF Results:
Color
Pressure
Cells
Protein
Glucose
Nursing Diagnoses/CP
Goals
6.2
VIRAL (ASEPTIC)
STUDY GUIDE: MENINGITIS/MENINGOCOCCEMIA
BACTERIAL
Nursing Interventions
Medical Management
Complications
6.3
VIRAL (ASEPTIC)
STUDY GUIDE: HYDROCEPHALUS
Definition
Pathophysiology
Etiology
Early Signs & Symptoms (by age)
Late Signs & Symptoms (by age)
Treatment
Post-Operative Care & Teaching
6.4
STUGY GUIDE: SPINA BIFIDA
Definition:
TYPES:
A. Occulta
Definition:
Assessment:
B. Cystica
Definition:
Assessment:
IMMEDIATE MANAGEMENT:
A. Pre-Operative Care:
B. Post-Operative Care:
LONG TERM IMPLICATIONS AND MANAGEMENT:
6.5
WORKSHEET: REYE’S SYNDROME
(Acute Toxic Encephalopathy)
Incidence/Etiology:
Pathology:
Assessment:
Early Warning Signs (Stages I & II):
Later Symptoms (Stages iii, IV & V):
Therapeutic/Nursing Management:
6.6
STUDY GUIDE: CEREBRAL PALSY
Types
Etiology
Pathophysiology
Clinical
Manefestations
Management
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
STUDY GUIDE: CAUSES OF METAL RETARDATION
Cause
Etiology/
Pathophysiology
Clinical Manifestations
PKU
Down’s Syndrome
Brain Damage
Infection and/or Trauma
6.7
Management
STUDY GUIDE: MENTAL RETARDATION
Cognitive
Impairment
Mental
Retardation
Definition/Diagnostic
Criteria
Degree
Mild
Borderline
Mild
Severe
Moderate
Severe
Profound
Causes
Management
6.8
Developmental
Disability
Theory Content: HEMATOLOGICAL HEALTH DEVIATIONS OF CHILDHOOD
1.
2.
Using the study guide: describe the pathophysiology, age of incidence, nursing
assessments (including diagnostic tests), nursing diagnoses, patient goals, nursing
interventions (including educative/supportive role, patient/family teaching, safety, and
hygiene), and medical management (including medications and nutritional
considerations) for the patient with the following health deviations:
A. Leukemia
B. Iron Deficiency Anemia
C. Sickle Cell Anemia
D. Hemophilia
Pediatric Blood Transfusions
A. Types
B. Amount/calculations
C. Procedures
D. Nursing interventions
Assignment:
1.
James, S.R., Ashwill, J.W. (2007). Nursing care of children principles & practice (3rd
ed). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company: Pages 719-731, 734-739, 751-768.
2.
Study Guide: Leukemia in Children
3.
Study Guide: Iron Deficiency Anemia
4.
Study Guide: Sickle Cell Anemia
5.
Study Guide: Hemophilia
7.0
STUDY GUIDE: LEUKEMIA IN CHILDREN
I.
Definition:
II.
Pathophysiology:
III.
Classification:
A. Acute
1. ALL (Acute Lymphocytic or Lymphoblastic Leukemia)
2. ANLL (Acute Non-Lymphocytic Leukemia)
The major type=AML or Acute Myelocytic or Myeloblastic Leukemia
B. Chronic
1. CLL (Chronic Lymphocytic or Lymphoblastic Leukemia)
2. CML (Chronic Myelocytic or Myeloblastic Leukemia)
IV.
Etiology:
V.
Treatment:
A. Chemotherapy:
1. Induction phase
2. Sanctuary phase
3. Maintenance phase
B. Radiation:
C. Bone Marrow Transplant:
7.1
STUDY GUIDE: IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA
I.
Definition:
II.
Etiloogy:
III.
Incidence:
IV.
Assessment:
V.
Nursing Diagnoses:
VI.
Interventions:
VII.
Treatment:
VIII.
Teaching:
7.2
STUDY GUIDE: SICKLE CELL ANEMIA
I.
Definition:
II.
Pathophysiology:
III.
Sickle cell trait versus sickle cell disease:
IV.
Sickle cell crisis:
V.
Complications of sickle cell disease:
7.3
STUDY GUIDE: SICKLE CELL ANEMIA
I.
Nursing assessments:
II.
Nursing diagnoses:
III.
Nursing interventions:
IV.
Medical treatment:
V.
Health maintenance:
7.4
STUDY GUIDE: HEMOPHILIA
I.
Definition:
II.
Pathophysiology:
III.
Types:
IV.
Degrees of involvement:
A. Mild:
B. Moderate:
C. Severe:
V.
Treatment of bleeding episodes:
VI.
Complications:
7.5
STUDY GUIDE: HEMOPHILIA
VII.
Nursing assessment:
VIII.
Nursing diagnoses:
IX.
Nursing interventions:
X.
Medical treatment:
7.6
Theory Content: IMMUNOLOGICAL AND COMMUNICABLE DISEASE HEALTH
DEVIATIONS OF CHILDHOOD
1.
2.
3.
4.
Immunological Health Deviations
A. Independently review from 12B and biology courses factors and disorders related to
immunopathology.
B. Complete the all syllabus study guides.
Allergic Reactions/Health Deviations
A. Describe the triad of allergies in children: Atropic Dermatitis, Asthma, Hay Fever.
B. Identify nursing assessment, diagnoses, goals and interventions for the above triad of
allergies.
C. Describe the educative/supportive (patient/family teaching) role of the nurse in
assisting families with children who have allergies.
D. Identify specific nutritional modifications often needed for the child with allergies.
E. Discuss the role of cultural diversity in modifying the response of families to children
with allergic disorders.
Communicable Diseases Health Deviations in Childhood
A. Describe the pathophysiology, age of incidence, nursing assessments (including
diagnostic tests), nursing diagnoses, patient goals, nursing interventions (including
educative/supportive role, patient/family teaching, safety, and hygiene), and medical
management (including medications and nutritional considerations) for the patient with
the following health deviations: Roseola, Rubella, Rubeola, Scarlet Fever, Chicken Pox,
Pertussis, Mumps and the “TORCH” diseases.
B. List the current recommended childhood immunizations, discuss the side effects and
contraindications.
C. Discuss the role of cultural, ethnic, and economic factors in affecting family decisions
regarding routine immunizations of infants and children.
Common Childhood Parasitic and Integumentary Health Deviations
Describe the pathophysiology, age of incidence, nursing assessments (including
diagnostic tests), nursing diagnoses, patient goals, nursing interventions (including
educative/supportive role, patient/family teaching, safety, and hygiene), and medical
management (including medications and nutritional considerations) for the patient with
the following health deviations: Ringworm, Impetigo, Pediculosis, and Pinworms.
Assignment:
1.
James, S.R., Ashwill, J.W. (2007). Nursing care of children principles & practice (3rd
ed). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company: Pages 418-462, 479-485, 786-788, 790-791,
794-797, 799-801, 803-809.
2.
Study Guides: Immunological Alterations, Immunologic Functioning, Allergies in
Children, Communicable Diseases, Common Childhood Parasitic Conditions/Skin
Infections.
8.0
STUDY GUIDE: IMMUNOLOGICAL ALTERATIONS/
ALLERGIES IN CHILDREN/INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Vocabulary
allergy:
antigen:
antibody:
autoimmune disease:
auto antibodies:
anaphylaxis:
histamine:
complement reaction:
urticaria:
erythema:
pruritus:
macule
papule:
vesicle:
pustule:
8.1
STUDY GUIDE: IMMUNOLOGIC FUNCTIONING
1. Altered Immune System Functions:
-Defend against non-self antigen
Hyperfunction - ogic Deficiency Diseases- Allergies
Hypofunction - Immunologic Deficiency Diseases (antibodies-bacteria)
(T cells produce viral, fungal)
-Phagocytosis (Kill/Remove Enemy) Hyperfunction - Auto Immune Disease
Constant Watch For Antigens Hypofunction - Cancer
2. Immune Cells - Functions a. Neutrophils
(PMNs - Granulocytes) Phagocytosis Bacteria
Fungi
Bands - immature cells
b. Eosinophils
Inactivates Heparin
Phagocytosis - Parasites
(increased during allergic reactions)
c. Basophils
Releases histamine, et al (Mast cells in tissue)
d. Monocytes (in tissue) Macrophages: "monster" cells that patrol and seize antigens and signal
their presence
(phagocytosis - sets markers)
3. Assessments:
Local Inflammatory Responses:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
8.2
STUDY GUIDE: COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
Vocabulary, define the following terms:
1. Macule2. Papule3. Vesicle4. Pustule-
NAME
COMMON DISORDERS
CAUSATIVE
KEY
ORGANISM
CHARACTERISTICS
Roseola
Rubella
Rubeola
Scarlet Fever
Chicken Pox
Whooping Cough
8.3
TREATMENT
STUDY GUIDE: COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
NAME
CAUSATIVE
ORGANISM
KEY
CHARACTERISTICS
Mumps
T
O
R
C
H
8.4
TREATMENT
STUDY GUIDE: COMMON CHILDHOOD PARASITIC CONDITIONS/SKIN IFECTIONS
Name/Source
Mode of
Signs/Symptoms
Transmission
Ringworm
(Tena
Capitis/Corporis)
Fungus
(Athlete’s
Foot/Jock Itch)
Impetigo
(Beta II
Strept/Staph
Skin
Age
Pediculosis
Capitis
Corpus
Pubes
Pinworms
Intestine
Age
8.5
Diagnostic
Tests
Nursing
Interventions/Medical
Mangement
Theory Content: MUSCULOSKELETAL HEALTH DEVIATIONS OF CHILDHOOD
1.
2.
3.
4.
Independently review fractures and casts behavioral objectives from previous courses.
Use the study guide to review types, purposes, and principles of traction and cast care
Using the study guide, describe the pathophysiology, age of incidence, nursing
assessments (including diagnostic tests), nursing diagnoses, patient goals, nursing
interventions (including educative/supportive role, patient/family teaching, safety, and
hygiene), and medical management (including medications and nutritional
considerations) for the patient with the following health deviations:
A.
Congenital ankle disorders (club foot, toeing-in or metatarsus varus,)
B.
Congenital hip disorders (hip subluxation/dislocation)
C.
Scoliosis
D.
Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease
E.
Slipped Femoral Epiphysis
F.
Osteomyelitis
G.
Other congenital health deviations: knock knees/genu valgum, bow
legs/genu varum.
State the gender and ethnic/racial characteristics of the various musculoskeletal disorders.
Assignment:
1.
James, S.R., Ashwill, J.W. (2007). Nursing care of children principles & practice (3rd
ed). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company: Pages 830-861, 868-876.
2.
Study Guides
9.0
STUDY GUIDE: TRACTION AND CAST CARE
Traction:
A. General Principles:
B. Nursing Interventions:
Types:
Describe
Purpose/Uses in Peds
SKIN:
Bryant’s
Bucks
Russell’s
SKELETAL:
Balanced Suspension
Ninety-ninety
Cast Care:
9.1
Nursing Interventions
STUDY GUIDE: CONGENITAL ORTHOPEDIC ANOMALIES
Disorder
Types/S & S
Diagnostic
Tests
Toeing In/
Metatarsus Varus
Club Foot/
Talipes
Equinovarus
Congenital Hip
Disorders
Knock
Knees/Genu
Valgum
Bow Legs/Genu
Varum
9.2
Nursing
Interventions
Medical
Management/
Surgery
STUDY GUIDE: COMMON ORTHOPEDIC PROBLEMS IN CHILDREN
Disorder
Types/S & S
Diagnostic
Tests
Scoliosis
Legg-Calve
Perthes Disease
Slipped Femoral
Epiphysis
Osteolyelitis
9.3
Nursing
Interventions
Medical
Management/
Surgery
Theory Content: GENITO-URINARY SYSTEM HEALTH DEVIATIONS OF
CHILDHOOD
1.
Independently review the anatomy and physiology of the genito-urinary system from
previous courses.
2.
Describe the pathophysiology, age of incidence, nursing assessments (including
diagnostic tests), nursing diagnoses, patient goals, nursing interventions (including
educative/supportive role, patient/family teaching, safety, and hygiene), and medical
management (including medications and nutritional considerations) for the patient with
the following health deviations:
A. Acute glomerular nephritis
B. Nephrosis and Nephrotic syndrome
C. Hypospadius
D. Cryptochidisim
E. Urinary tract infections: Cystitis, Pyelitis, and Pyelonephritis
F. Vesic-Ureteral-Reflux
G. Wilm’s tumor
H. Testicular torsion
3.
Discuss the importance or promotion of normalcy in children with health deviations
associated with sexuality.
4.
Discuss the educative/supportive role of the nurse for families with children who have
gender and sexual function health deviations.
Assignment:
1.
James, S.R., Ashwill, J.W. (2007). Nursing care of children principles & practice (3rd
ed). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company: Pages 567-573, 575-589, 780-782.
2.
Worksheets: Nephritis-Nephrosis, Common Genito-urinary disorders
10.0
WORKSHEET: NEPHRITIS/NEPHROSIS
Acute Glomerular Nephritis
Definition:
Nephrosis (Nephrotic Syndrome)
Definition:
Cause:
Cause:
Incidence/Age/Course:
Incidence/Age/Course:
Assessment:
Assessment:
UA findings:
UA findings:
Blood:
Blood:
Nursing Interventions/Medical Management:
Nursing Interventions/Medical Management:
10.1
WORKSHEET: COMMON GENITOURINARY DISORDERS
PROBLEM
DESCRIPTION
Hypospadius:
Cryptorchidism:
Urinary Tract InfectionsCystitis:
Pyelitis:
Pyelonephritis:
Vesico-Ureteral Reflux:
10.2
NURSING
INTERVENTIONS/MEDICAL
MANAGEMENT