Unit 2
Name _______________________________ # ________
Section 1: Introduction to Cells
1. What scientist named cells? What kind of cells was he looking at?
2. List each of the parts of the cell theory.
3. What are the differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
Section 2: Cell Membrane
1. Which macromolecule do each of the following components belong to?
a. Phospholipid
_________________
b. Cholesterol (steroid)
_________________
c. Membrane proteins
_________________
d. Carbohydrate chains
_________________
2. Draw a phospholipid. Label the polar (hydrophilic) end and the non-polar
(hydrophobic) end.
3. What are the functions of the cell membrane?
4. What is the function of the membrane proteins?
5. What is the function of the cholesterol?
6. What is the function of the carbohydrate chains?
7. What are two other names that refer to the cell membrane?
8. On the diagram below, color all phospholipid heads one color and the tails
another color. Use a third color for all the membrane proteins. Use a forth
color for carbohydrate chains, and a fifth color for cholesterol. Label all of
the letters.
Section 3: Diffusion
1. Is diffusion an example of active or passive transport? Why?
2. In what direction do particles move during diffusion?
3. What is the difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion?
Section 4: Osmosis
1. Is osmosis an example of active or passive transport? Why?
2. In what direction does water move during osmosis?
3. What is the difference between a hypotonic, isotonic, and hypertonic
solution?
Section 5: Active Transport
1. What makes active transport different than passive transport?
2. What is the difference between pinocytosis and phagocytosis?
Section 6: Movement Across the Membrane
In the pictures below, the cell on the left is permeable to the solute but not water,
and the cell on the right is permeable to water but not the solute. Draw an arrow
to show the direction of the net movement of the solute or the water. If there is
no net movement draw an equal sign. Label each row as isotonic, hypotonic, or
hypertonic.
In each of the pictures below, draw an arrow to show the direction of solute
movement through the transmembrane (integral) protein. Determine if the
process requires energy or not, and circle the correct response.
Facilitated Diffusion
Requires Energy
Yes
Active Transport
No
Requires Energy Yes
No
Draw endocytosis and exocytosis. (Hint: You only need one picture.) Label the
cell membrane, interstitial fluid, intracellular fluid, particle, and vesicle with
particle.
Section 7: Nucleus and Cytoplasm
1. What is the function of each of the following?
a. Nucleus
b. Nucleolus
c. Ribosome
d. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
e. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
f. Golgi apparatus
g. Lysosome
h. Vacuole
i.
Mitochondria
j.
Chloroplast
k. Cytoskeleton
l.
Cilia
m. Flagella
n. Centriole
2. Choose a color for each of the parts below and fill in the square with the
color of your choice. Color the cell part to match.
Cell
Membrane
Nucleolus
Ribosome
Microtubules
(Cytoskeleton)
Cytoplasm
Golgi
Apparatus
Smooth Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Nuclear
Membrane
Nucleoplasm
Flagella
Rough Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Lysosome
Mitochondria
3. Choose a color for each of the parts below and fill in the square with the
color of your choice. Color the cell part to match.
Nucleolus
Smooth
Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Microtubules
Cytoplasm
Golgi
Apparatus
Rough
Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Cell Wall
Nucleoplasm
Vacuole
Mitochondria
Ribosome
Nuclear
Membrane
Cell
Membrane
Chloroplasts
4. Which cell represents an animal cell? How do you know?
5. Which cell represents a plant cell? How do you know?
Section 8: Cell Specialization
1. What are the differences between a unicellular and multicellular
organism?
2. What is cell specialization?
3. Give an example of each of the following levels of organization.
a. Atom
b. Molecule
c. Macromolecule
d. Organelle
e. Cell
f. Tissue
g. Organ
h. Organ system
i.
Organism