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Trace Minerals in Cellfood
Dysprosium
Erbium
Europium
Fluorine
Gadolinium
Gallium
Germanium
Gold
Hafnium
Helium
Holmium
Hydrogen
Indium
Iodine
Iridium
Iron
Krypton
Lanthanum
Lithium
Lutetium
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Neodymium
Neon
Nickel
Niobium
Nitrogen
Osmium
Oxygen
Palladium
Phosphorus
Platinum
Polonium
Potassium
Praseodymium
Promethium
Rhenium
Rhodium
Rubidium
Ruthenium
Samarium
Selenium
Silica
Silicon
Silver
Sodium
Sulfur
Tantalum
Technetium
Tellurium
Terbium
Thallium
Thorium
Tin
Titanium
Tungsten
Vanadium
Xenon
Ytterbium
Zinc
Zirconium
There are 79 trace minerals and elements in total present in Cellfood. Outlined here
are some of the potential benefits and potential negative health consequences of the
elements in Cellfood
Trace minerals and health
There are some schools of thought that believe the body needs up to 72 trace
elements and minerals for health. Some of these we even take in our daily diets- so
why would we not need them? They are found in seafood and are also taken up by
plants and we get them from eating plant foods. There is a huge controversy
surrounding the supplementation of lesser known elements, because of their relative
toxicity to humans. However, in small or trace amounts, these minerals and
elements are actually life giving and heath enhancing. Even arsenic is needed by the
body in small amounts- even though it is deathly poisonous in large amounts.
What makes a particular mineral toxic or not all has to do with the form the mineral
is in. Take something seemingly beneficial, like calcium. In its inorganic rock form,
calcium is actually toxic and can build up in and block arteries in a process known as
calcification. But in its ionic, colloidal form, it is very beneficial, helping with nerve
impulses and building strong bones and teeth. Any unadulterated mineral product,
like Cellfood will contain a full spectrum of minerals found in nature and is therefore
can to contain some “toxic” elements. But in the case of Cellfood, these elements are
not toxic at all. This is because all the minerals are present in only very trace
amounts and are bio-electrical, ionic and colloidal in nature.
Bear in mind, too, that biochemical science is only just beginning to uncover the
beneficial effects of trace elements and it wasn’t too long ago that essential minerals
like selenium, chromium and molybdenum were considered non-essential.
In addition, there have been experiments done that show that toxic inorganic
minerals can actually be chelated and safely removed by supplementing with their
organic, colloidal, bio-electrical counterparts. The test, conducted by Dr. GP Toddauthor of the book Nutrition, Health and Disease, involved subjects already
diagnosed with heavy metal poisoning (through hair analysis). The subjects were
then given a full spectrum bio-available trace mineral supplement along with
vitamins and amino acids and high dose vitamin C. During the study it was observed
that several of the individuals with lower levels of toxic metals on their initial hair
analysis, initially experienced a notable rise is those same substances as evidenced
by their second hair analysis three months later. This appeared to indicate that there
was a mobilization of the stored toxic metals from the body's soft tissues back into
solution which would account for the higher concentration of these substances in the
hair. Repeat hair analysis at six months all the way through sixteen months (the end
of the study) demonstrated reduced levels of toxic metal in the hair as the natural
chelation process took place and the toxic mineral levels were reduced.
What does this study show? Analysis of the results suggest that there is some type
of ionic exchange taking place between the opposite minerals because the organic
minerals bear an opposite electro-magnetic charge.
Another reason for the success of organic, electro-charged, colloidal mineral
supplements is that they contain a full-spectrum of elements. In nutrition,
substances work together with each other, in synergy and rarely work alone. It
doesn’t always help to just supplement with one or two minerals (unless you are
treating a specific deficiency). For optimum health, you need the full range.
Some people also ask the question- how can such small or trace amounts of minerals
way under the RDA have an effect on my body? Biophysicist, Fritz-Albert Popp
believes it’s all to do with the electric properties of the supplemented minerals. In
essence Dr. Popp observed that, "All living organisms emit certain electro-magnetic
waves. If they are in healthy condition, they emit more. If not, they emit less. This
phenomena is common to all forms of cells. These electro-magnetic emissions are
called bio-photons." He showed that when cells are given only a small quantity of a
bio-electrical mineral solution increased the cell’s energy levels considerably. (From
Not All Minerals are Created Equal by Steven Whiting PhD)
Special Focus on: Major elements, all life
Carbon (C) 6
Carbon is unique in its chemical properties because it forms a number of components
superior than the total addition of all the other elements in combination with each
other. The biggest of these components is formed by carbon and hydrogen. Carbon
and its components are widely distributed in nature. Carbon forms 3 gasses with
oxygen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and carbon suboxide. Carbon also forms
compounds with the halogens, fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine. Carbon is
found in big reservoirs like hard coal. Pure crystalline carbon is found in the form of
graphite and diamond.
No element is more essential to life than carbon. Carbon can form strong single
bonds with itself as well as with other elements and is the structural basis of most
compounds that comprise living cells, especially DNA.
Elemental carbon has a very low toxicity. Black carbon, carbon monoxide and
cyanide are hazardous in gas form. Carbon 14 is one of the radio nucleotide involved
in atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons, which began in 1945, with a US test, and
ended in 1980 with a Chinese test. It is among the long-lived radionuclides that have
produced and will continue to produce increased cancers risk for decades and
centuries to come. It also can cross the placenta, become organically bound in
developing cells and hence endanger fetuses.
Carbon is found in most of what we eat, giving a total carbon intake of 300 g/day.
Percentage Amount in the Human Body: 22.85 %
Hydrogen (H) 1
At standard temperature and pressure it is a colorless, odorless, nonmetallic,
univalent, tasteless, highly flammable gas. Hydrogen is the lightest chemical
element; its most common isotope comprises just one negatively charged electron,
distributed around a positively charged proton (the nucleus of the hydrogen atom —
all other atoms have more complex nuclei involving more protons or neutrons).
The role of this element to human life is impossible to understate. It forms part of
water, which second to oxygen, is the most important element to life. As well as
being a critical component of water, hydrogen is also part of hydrogen bonds, which
give water many of its special qualities. Hydrogen also binds to carbon in the body to
form the structure and physical arrangement of our bodies. It also forms part of
hydrochloric acid (HCl), essential for digestion and absorption. Without hydrogen, life
would not exist.
Hydrogen is not radioactive or carcinogenic. Inhaling high concentrations can lead to
headaches, dizziness and unconsciousness.
Percent amount in body: 10%
Nitrogen (N) 7
Nitrogen is a colourless, tasteless and mostly inert non-metallic gas comprising
almost 80% of the earth’s atmosphere and is a constituent of all living tissues. In the
body, nitrogen forms many important compounds including amino acids, nucleic
acids, ammonia, nitric acid and cyanides. Nitrogen can also be found in organic
compounds, like amines, amides and nitro groups. Nitrogen is relatively non-reactive
on its own but in the body it is slowly converted to useful compounds. Nitrogen
dissolves in the blood stream and very high levels can lead to decompression
sickness and nitrogen narcosis. Humans cannot get nitrogen from the air we
breathe; we must take it in the diet. Nitrogen is fund in almost all types of foods.
Percent amount in human body: 2.57%
Oxygen (O) 8
Oxygen is the second most common element on earth and comprises around 46% of
the earths crust, 2*% of the entire earth and is the third most common element in
the universe. It is usually covalently or ironically bonded to other elements. Most
elemental free oxygen comes from photosynthesis of algae and plants. Oxygen
supplementation has use in medicine as oxygen therapy because it is essential to
respiration. Breathing in oxygen acts as a mild euphoric. Dioxygen (O2) is a gas and
makes up 21% of the earths atmosphere. O3 or ozone consists of 3 oxygen atoms.
Due to its electro negativity, oxygen forms chemical bonds with almost all other
elements hence the origin of the original definition of oxidation. The only elements to
escape the possibility of oxidation are a few of the noble gases. The most famous of
these oxides is water (H2O), without which life on earth would not exist. Oxygen also
forms radicals such as chlorates (ClO3) and nitrates (NO3). Oxygen is non toxic at
normal pressures. Certain derivatives of oxygen, like hydrogen peroxide and
hydroxyl radicals are toxic. The body has developed mechanisms to deal with these
byproducts, like the antioxidant glutathione and the enzyme catalase.
Percent amount in human body: 61.43% (mainly as water)
Special focus on: Noble gasses
The group of elements on the periodic table referred to as the noble gasses consist of
helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon and radon. All of these with the exception of
radon can be found in Cellfood.
The noble gasses are generally described as inert (unreactive), although argon,
krypton and xenon do form some compounds. Their inertness is due to their having a
complete valence shell (equal number of protons and electrons). The noble gasses
are all gasses at room temperature. The noble gasses in Cellfood are as follows:
Argon (Ar) 18
Argon is one of the noble gasses and is also the most abundant in the earth. Because
Argon is a gas, it is not typically ingested. It is non-hazardous. I cannot find any
information regarding the use of argon in health or nutrition.
Helium (He) 2
Helium is a gaseous element and is one of the noble gasses. It is the second lightest
element, which is why it makes balloons float. It is colourless, odourless and non
toxic. Its thermal conductivity and caloric content are very high. It can be liquefied,
which is how it must be present in Cellfood. Neutral helium at standard conditions is
non-toxic, plays no biological role and is found in trace amounts in human blood.
Krypton (Kr) 36
Krypton is a colourless noble gas. It is inert for most practical purposes but can react
with fluorine. Solidified krypton is white and crystalline. Inhalation of krypton gas
causes asphyxiation. Krypton-85 is radioactive. As a noble gas, its has very little
known biological role in the body but a small amount can be dissolved in the blood
stream and distributed to organs. Radiation doses from ingesting krypton are very
small.
Neon (Ne) 10
Neon is a colorless, nearly inert noble gas. It glows reddish orange in a vacuum
discharge tube and is often used in signs to create illumination. It is non toxic a has
no known biological role.
Xenon (Xe) 54
Xenon is a rare, odorless, colourless, tasteless, chemically unreactive gas. It was
regarded as completely inert until, in 1962, Neil Barlett reported synthesis of xenon
haxafluoroplatinate. It has very little commercial use and no known biological effect
in the body. It is non toxic if ingested and is not carcinogenic.
Special focus on: Platinum Group Elements
The platinum group minerals, namely iridium, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium,
osmium and platinum seem to have the most promise as future health champions,
especially ruthenium, palladium and platinum. Since they are all similar its probably
true that each has some role in health that will soon be uncovered. Watch out for
these- definitely the next group of trace elements to be recognized as essential to
health. All of the platinum group minerals are present in Cellfood. These are the
individual elements and what I have found on them:
Iridium (Ir) 77
Iridium is a dense, heavy, hard, brittle, silvery-white transition metal with a very
high strength. It resembles platinum. Iridium metal is mostly non-toxic due to its
relative unreactivity. There is some evidence that monoatomic iridium (as its found
in Cellfood) can interact with damaged DNA causing it to recombine corrected. It also
seems to inhibit the breakdown of DNA. See study: Sabbioni et al. Inhibition of
enzymatic hydrolysis of end-phosphate DNA by iridium chlorocomplexes. Bioinorg
Chem 1975: 5(1): 39-49
Osmium (Os) 76
Osmium is a hard brittle blue-grey transition metal in the platinum family. It is the
densest natural element. Osmium forms osmium tetroxide (OsO4) which is
extremely toxic. It is rarely used in its pure form due to its high toxicity. Ingestion of
osmium tetroxide will lead to destruction of the tissues of the mouth and throat as
well as stomach pain and vomiting. Why its in Cellfood, I don’t know. Still its in
minute quantities and probably helps the other platinum group elements do their
job.
Toxic if swallowed
ORL-RAT LD50 14 mg kg-1
Palladium (Pd) 46
Palladium is a rare silver white transition metal that resembles platinum and is one
of the platinum group elements. It is primarily used as an industrial catalyst and in
jewellery. Of note, is its ability to absorb up to 900 times its own volume of hydrogen
at room temperatures. The element played an essential role in the Fleischmann-Pons
experiment, also known as cold fusion. Palladium is a good catalyst and is used to
speed up hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions. The compound palladium
chloride was at one time prescribed as a tuberculosis treatment at the rate of 0.065g
per day (approximately one milligram per kilogram of body weight). This treatment
did not have many negative side effects, but was later replaced by more effective
drugs. This may give some clue as to its role in human biology. Palladium is
regarded as of low toxicity, being poorly adsorbed by the body when ingested.
Platinum (Pt) 78
Platinum is a heavy, malleable, ductile, precious transition metal often used in
jewelry. It is a good catalyst. It generally doesn’t cause any health problems due to
its unreactive nature (it is a noble metal). Certain platinum complexes (cis-platin)
have been used in chemotherapy, as they have very good anti-tumor activity,
particularly when used to combat testicular cancer, though they also cause
cumulative, irreversible kidney damage. A danger of platinum is that it can cause
potentiation of the toxicity of other dangerous chemicals in the human body, such as
selenium. What the effects of platinum on animals and the environment may be has
not yet been researched very extensively. The only thing we know is that platinum
will accumulate in the roots of plants after uptake. Whether eating platinumcontaining plant roots can do any harm to animals and humans, is not yet clear.
There is some evidence that platinum supplements can help increase mental
alertness, help nerve and muscle function and strengthen the immune system.
Rhodium (Rh) 45
Rhodium is a silvery white hard transition metal and is a member of the platinum
group. It is the most expensive precious metal. It is used to harden platinum and
palladium. Rhodium compounds are highly carcinogenic and toxic. There is no known
biological role for rhodium
Ruthenium (Ru) 44
Ruthenium is a rare transition metal in the platinum group. It is used to harden
platinum and palladium and is sometimes used with gold in jewellery. It is a good
and versatile catalyst. Some ruthenium complexes absorb light throughout the
visible spectrum and are being actively researched in various, potential, solar energy
technologies. Recently, large metallo-organic complexes of ruthenium have been
found to exhibit anti-tumor activity and the first of a new group of anti-cancer
medicine are now in the stage of clinical trials. Ruthenium red is a biological stain
used to visualize polyanionic areas of membranes. Ruthenium red acts by inhibiting
mitochondrial calcium transport. There is some evidence that Ruthenium red helps
protect liver cells. Ruthenium is otherwise considered carcinogenic and toxic.
Some studies related to the anti-tumor activity of platinum:
Barakat RR. Benjamin I. Lewis JL Jr. Saigo PE. Curtin JP. Hoskins WJ. Platinum-based
chemotherapy for advanced-stage serous ovarian carcinoma of low malignant
potential. Gynecologic Oncology. 59(3):390-3, 1995 Dec.
Connors TA. Jones M. Ross WC. Braddock PD. Khokhar AR. Tobe ML. New platinum
complexes with anti-tumour activity. Chemico-Biological Interactions. 5(6):415-24,
1972.
Farrell N. Nonclassical platinum antitumor agents: perspectives for design and
development of new drugs complementary to cisplatin. [Review] [74 refs] Cancer
Investigation. 11(5):578-89, 1993.
Leh FK. Wolf W. Platinum complexes: a new class of antineoplastic agents. Journal of
Pharmaceutical Sciences. 65(3):315-28, 1976.
Maeda M. Takasuka N. Suga T. Sasaki T. New antitumor platinum(II) complexes with
both lipophilicity and water miscibility. Japanese Journal of Cancer Research. 81(67):567-9, 1990.
Maeda M. Uchida NA. Sasaki T. Liposoluble platinum(II) complexes with antitumor
activity. Japanese Journal of Cancer Research. 77(6):523-5, 1986.
Perevodchikova NI. Gorbunova VA. Grigorova TM. Kozachenko VP. Marenich AF.
[Combined chemotherapy including platinum derivatives in the combined treatment
of patients with stage-III to -IV ovarian cancer]. [Russian] Vestnik Akademii
Meditsinskikh Nauk SSSR. (5):8-11, 1986.
Pouskouleli G. Kourounakis P. Platinum compounds in cancer chemotherapy.
Biochemistry & Experimental Biology. 16(2):191-212, 1980.
Shparyk IaV. Bilynskyi BT. [Effectiveness of platinum drugs in the treatment of
gastric cancer]. [Ukrainian] Klinicheskaia Khirurgiia. (5):48-53, 1993.
ten Bokkel Huinink WW. Eisenhauer E. Swenerton K. Preliminary evaluation of a
multicenter, randomized comparative study of TAXOL (paclitaxel) dose and infusion
length in platinum-treated ovarian cancer. Canadian-European Taxol Cooperative
Trial Group. Cancer Treatment Reviews. 19 Suppl C:79-86, 1993.
Waxman J. Wasan H. Platinum-based chemotherapy for bladder cancer. Seminars in
Oncology. 21(5 Suppl 12):54-60, 1994 Oct.
Williams CJ. Stewart L. Parmar M. Guthrie D. Meta-analysis of the role of platinum
compounds in advanced ovarian carcinoma. The Advanced Ovarian Cancer Trialists
Group. Seminars in Oncology. 19(1 Suppl 2):120-8, 1992.
Special focus on: ORMEs elements
A man by the name of Dr. David Hudson has coined a term ORME’s elements or
Orbitally Rearranged Monoatomic Elements or ORMEs. He also refers to them
as monoatomic elements in a high-spin state. The ORMEs elements include cobalt,
nickel, copper, ruthenium, Rhodium, Palladium, Silver, Osmium, Iridium, Platinum
and Gold, all of which are found in Cellfood in the monoatomic state. He claims that
these ORMEs elements help prevent and repair DNA damage. More info:
http://www.subtleenergies.com/ormus/tw/dna.htm
Special focus on: Lanthanoids
The lanthanoid series on the periodic table includes all the elements with atomic
numbers 57-70. Cellfood contains all of these elements. None of the elements in this
series have known biological roles but they all may be bound, transported, reduced,
and/or methylated, which indicates some kind of biochemical role.
Biological role of other elements
Besides the platinum group elements, there are other elements in Cellfood that have
conformed biological roles:
For more info on the role on certain elements in biology, click on this link:
http://umbbd.msi.umn.edu/periodic/
It will show how some elements act in bacteria, but it may be the start of things to
come in terms of seeing results in humans. What’s important to note, too, is that
some minerals may not have roles in their own capacity but may very well work in
conjunction with other elements to enhance their absorption or function.
Some definitions
TLV (threshold limit value)
Threshold Limit Values (TLV's) are guidelines (not standards) prepared by the
American Conference of Governmental industrial Hygienists, Inc (ACGIH) to assist
industrial hygienists in making decisions regarding safe levels of exposure to various
hazards found in the workplace. A TLV® reflects the level of exposure that the
typical worker can experience without an unreasonable risk of disease or injury.
TLVs® are not quantitative estimates of risk at different exposure levels or by
different routes of exposure.
ORL- oral
RAT- rat
LD-50 (lethal dose 50% kill), so ORL-RAT50 is the oral dose to kill 50% of rats in a
sample
LOAEL- lowest observed adverse effect level
NOAEL- no observed adverse effect level
RfD’s- The estimate of a lifetime daily exposure level for humans that is likely to be
without risk of harmful effects. RfD's are acceptable safety levels for chronic noncarcinogenic and developmental effects.
R- radioactive
C- carcinogenic
R Actinium (Ac) 89
Actinium is a radioactive element with an intense radioactivity of 150 times greater
than radium. In its natural form it consists of 1 radioactive isotope (227). Because it
is radioactive it could potentially induce harmful effects and is toxic if ingested.
Actinum is also used in cancer therapy (radiation) therapy to cure certain cancers. In
not sure why it would be in Cellfood or how it comes to be in the ocean source. It is
also not normally found in the human body. Actinium is part of the decay series of
uranium. As such it is found in very minute amounts in uranium-bearing rock. It is
also produced in very small amounts in nuclear reactors.
Percentage in the human body: 0%
Antimony (Sb) 51
Antimony is a metallic mineral (a semi-metal actually). The natural sulfide of
antimony- stibnite- was known as used in biblical times as a cosmetic and medicine
and is used in some developing countries as a medicine for the treatment of
schistosomiasis (bilharzia). Antimony attaches itself to sulfur atoms in certain
enzymes which are used by both the parasite and human host. Small doses can kill
the parasite without causing damage to the patient. It also has a nourishing effect on
keratinised (hardened) skin tissue that occurs with bilharzia.
It can be harmful though. At small doses it is a respiratory irritant and can cause
headache or dizziness. It may cause disturbances in glucose and cholesterol
metabolism. Chronic exposure can cause liver or kidney damage. Antimony poisoning
is very similar to arsenic poisoning.
Antimony has no biological role. In small doses it is said to stimulate the metabolism.
It is found in certain foodstuffs including sweet potatoes, green peppers, nuts and
maple syrup.
Percentage Amount in the Human Body: 0.000003 %
How much is safe?
RfD- 4E-4 mg/kg/day
NOEL: none
LOAEL: 0.35 mg/kg bw/day
ORL-RAT LD50 7000 mg kg-1
R Astatine (At) 85
Astatine is a halogen. It is highly radioactive. It behaves chemically much like other
halogens, especially iodine but is more metallic than iodine. It is speculated that it
could have toxic effects by accumulating in the thyroid.
There is also evidence of using astatine as a therapy for cancer, due to its
radioactive properties.
Astatine is almost non-existent on the Earth, and is found only in extremely minute
quantities near uranium and thorium minerals. It is estimated that the entire Earth's
crust contains only about 30 grams of astatine.
Percentage amount in body: 0%
Barium (Ba) 56
Barium is a metallic element that is chemically similar to calcium. It may play some
role in bone health. Studies by Rygh n the 1940’s showed that when rats were given
a mineral mixture deficient in barium that they exhibited depressed growth. Nothing
has been confirmed since.
It is a toxic element and is extremely poisoness. Barium sulfate is used as a
medicine but this form does not dissolve as pre barium does and is eliminated from
the digestive tract. Small amounts of water-soluble barium may cause a person to
experience breathing difficulties, increased blood pressures, heart rhythm changes,
stomach irritation, muscle weakness, changes in nerve reflexes, swelling of brains
and liver, kidney and heart damage. It has not, however, shown to cause cancer in
humans.
It is found in some foods. The high level of barium in Brazil nuts was confirmed by
Furr et al. who found most nuts contained 0.1-2.6 mcg/g dry weight. However,
slightly higher values were found for black walnut (8.7 mcg/g) and pecan (14
mcg/g).
Percentage Amount in the Human Body: 0.00003 %
RfD: 0.2 mg/kg-day
C Beryllium (Be) 4
Beryllium is a metallic element. Beryllium salts have a sweet taste and are toxic and
potentially carcinogenic. Acute beryllium disease is characterized by a form of
chemical pneumonia. It is quite rare and one needs to inhale quite large amounts of
beryllium to get sick. Chronic beryllium disease (CBD) causes something similar to
sarcoidosis (an immune system disorder). It is believed that some people are
sensitive to beryllium and CBD can form after years of exposure to it. This usually
occurs due to beryllium inhalation. It is also a classified carcinogen, with beillium
inhalation leading to lung cancer. Beryllium ingestion toxicity is rare because very
little beryllium is actually absorbed from the intestines. It has no known role in
biology. It is found in seafood.
Percentage Amount in the Human Body: close to 0%
RfD- 2 x10-3 mg/kg-day
BMD10 : 0.46 mg/kg-day
Bismuth (Bi) 83
Bismuth is a heavy, white crystalline poor metal that resembled arsenic and
antimony. It is one of the few metals that is non-magnetic. It also has the second
lowest thermal conductivity (next to mercury). Among the heavy metals, bismuth is
unusual in that its toxicity is much lower than that of its neighbors in the periodic
table such as lead, thallium and antimony. It has recently been found that bismuth is
slightly radioactive, but it has a phenomenally large half-life (a billion times longer
than the estimated age of the universe), so it is treated as non-radioactive.
In medicine bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) is used to treat diarrhea and
bismuth is also given to peptic ulcer sufferers. It is also used in the cosmetic industry
as bismuth oxychloride. It otherwise has no significant role in health. According to
information contained on the acu-cell website, bismuth may be essential to health,
although its role is not clerl fined but probably has something to do with
gastrointestinal health.
Bismuth is generally considered non-toxic but ingestion of large doses can be fatal.
Symptoms include nausea, loss of appetite and weight, malaise, albuminuria,
diarrhea, skin reactions, stomatitis, headache, fever, sleeplessness, depression and
rheumatic pain. Chronic consumption may affect the liver and kidneys.
Bismuth is not considered a human carcinogen.
Percentage amount in body: near 0%
Bromine (Br) 35
Bromine is a non-metallic element that is liquid under ordinary conditions. It is a
halogen gas that can also take on a liquid state. It is used commercially in leaded
gasoline, insecticides and in fire extinguishers and is also used as an emulsifier in
citrus-flavoured soft drinks. Bromine is extracted from sea water as bromide salts.
Bromine is corrosive to human tissue in the liquid form. Bromide vapours are very
toxic with inhalation (intoxication usually occurs with insecticide sprays). There are
organic and inorganic bromides. The organic ones are far more toxic. Inorganic
bromides are found in nature. High doses can damage the nervous system and
thyroid gland.
Bromine is not classified as being essential to human health. However, in the form
potassium bromide or sodium bromide it has anti-seizure properties. It is also an
effective mineral in hyperthyroid conditions. It is also a known sedative and can help
improve sleep quality. Many sea vegetables, like kelp, contain bromide and it may
actually be the iodine: bromide ratio that determines thyroid health. The therapeutic
range for bromide is in the range of 100mg-200mg. Naturally occurring bromide
consumed in food and water is in the range of 1mg-3mg/day. Kelp, seaweed and
nuts contain bromine. Furr et al. found four kinds of nuts relatively rich in bromine.
In their analyses, almond, Brazil nut, English walnut, and pistachio contained 20, 87,
76, and 16 mcg bromine per gram dry weight, respectively.
Percentage Amount in the Human Body: 0.0004 %
NOAEL: 1.1 mg/kg/day
RfD: 4 x10-3 mg/kg-day
Cerium (Ce) 58
Cerium is a rare earth element and is found in the soil. Cerium is a soft, malleable
metal, slightly harder than lead that is very reactive. It is commonly used as a core
for the carbon electrodes of arc lamps and for gas lighting. It is also use to clean up
exhaust vehicles and is added to diesel fuel.
Serium can be toxic is inhaled. Cerium is poorly absorbed by the intestines so cerium
ingestion is not usually a concern. Studies show that cerium absorption by the
intestines is less than 0.1%. Studies of cerium injections show that cerium can cause
liver toxicity once in circulation.
Cerium has no known biological role in the body but cerium salts have been shown to
stimulate metabolism.
Percentage Amount in the Human Body: 0.00006 %
Cesium (Cs) 55
Cesium is a silvery gold, soft metal. It is one of the only metals that are liquid at
room temperature (like mercury). It reacts explosively with cold water. It is the most
electropositive and most alkaline element.
Not all cesium is radioactive. Radioactive cesium has been detected in surface water
and in many types of foods. The amount of cesium in foods depends on the emission
of radioactive cesium through nuclear power plants, mainly through accidents.
Cesium chloride is used as an alternative cancer treatment. Cesium is able to raise
the pH and oxygen content of a cell. Together with Rubidium, cesium
supplementation has been used to treat depression.
Cesium is chemically similar to potassium and is capable of replacing potassium in
the body. For this reason people on cesium cancer therapy need to supplement with
potassium. Cesium, especially radioactive cesium is toxic.
The cesium content of foodstuffs and feeds has not been examined extensively.
Some isolated values have appeared, including 0.1-0.3 mcg/g dry fruit kernels, 0.060.07 mcg/g dry maple syrup, 0.1-0.3 mcg/g dry nuts except Brazil nuts, which
contained 1.3 mcg/g, 9 ng/g fresh orange juice, and 12.1 ng/g fresh banana pulp.
Percentage Amount in the Human Body: 0.000009 %
Dysprosium (Dy) 66
Dysprosium is a rare earth element with a metallic, bright silver luster. It is relatively
stable in air at room temperature but dissolves readily in mineral acids with the
evolution of hydrogen. Dysprosium compounds are of low to moderate toxicity,
although their toxicity has not been investigated in detail. Dysprosium does not have
any known biological properties.
Percent amount in body: near 0%
Erbium (Er) 68
Erbium is a rare silvery metallic element. It is malleable and soft, stable in air an
does not oxidize as quickly as other rare earth metals. Erbium does not play any
known biological role but is thought by some to be able to stimulate metabolism.
Erbium is of low to moderate toxicity. Erbium has no biological role but is said to
stimulate the metabolism.
Percent amount in body: 0%
Europium (Eu) 63
This mineral was named after the continent Europe. It is the most reactive of the
rare earth metals. It oxidizes quickly in air. It is as hard as lead and quite ductile. It
is not found in nature as a free element. There are no indications that europium is
more toxic than any other metals. When ingested, europium may pose a risk of liver
and bone cancer because it is deposited in these organs. It has a very high half life
(up to 10 years). It has no known biological role.
Percent amount in body: near 0%
Gadolinium (Gd) 64
Gadolinium is a silvery white, malleable and ductile rare earth metal. It is
superconductive and highly magnetic. It is non radioactive and exhibits mild to
moderate toxicity and has been approved by the FDA as safe. It has no known
biological role but is said to stimulate the metabolism. In medicine, gadolinium is
injected into a vein before an MRI. Before an MRI, gadolinium is injected into a vein.
Since it is a bulky molecule, gadolinium can only travel into an area if the cell wall or
protective layering has been compromised. In MS (multiple sclerosis) patients,
gadolinium travels into the brain when the blood brain barrier has been
compromised.
Percent amount in body: near 0%
Gallium (Ga) 31
Gallium is a rare, soft silvery metallic element. It is solid at low temperatures but
liquefies above room temperature (like mercury). It is used in medical imaging
techniques so is not generally considered toxic. Gallium was claimed to be essential
in1938 and again in1958. Gallium has specific areas of metalloenzymes activity in
the human brain and has been reported to specifically reduce the rate of brain cancer
in laboratory animals (Spezioli, M, et al.: Gallium Distribution in Human Brain Areas.
Biol. Trace Ele. Research. 22:9.1989.). There is some hype around gallium as a new
essential nutrient. Gallium’s role in health may lie in its ability to prevent aluminium
induced conditions. This is because gallium can replace aluminium in biological
systems. It has been found that aluminium toxicity can lead to bone problems,
including osteomalacia and osteoporosis. It is believed tat gallium helps inhibit bone
resorption and thus prevents bone related diseases.
Percent amount in body: near 0%
Gold (Au) 79
This rare metal is usually alloyed into jewellery and is the most malleable and ductile
metal known. It is also a good conductor of heat and electricity. Gold is also useful in
electronics because of its inertness and physical properties. It is also use as a
coating for space satellites. Since gold is inert and possesses useful properties when
alloyed, gold is used extensively for dentistry in gold teeth, dental attachments,
inserts, and solders. Similarly, gold is used increasingly for medical implants in eyes
and ears, as well as many other medically useful wires, tubes, sheets, and foils.
Disodium aurothiomalate (a gold derivative) is administered (intramuscular) as a
treatment for arthritis. The gold isotope 198Au is used for treating cancer and other
conditions.
Gold and arthritis. Gold compounds have been used to help threat rheumatoid
arthritis and other autoimmune diseases for over 75 years. It works by stripping
bacteria and viruses from the grasps of a key immune system protein (MHC class ii
proteins). This finding has paved the way for he development of gold based drugs
with few side effects.
Gold has a low toxicity and is even used in Asian cooking for decoration.
Percent amount in body: near 0%
Hafnium (Hf) 72
Hafnium is a lustrous, silvery grey transition metal. Hafnium is used in tungsten
alloys in filaments and electrodes and also acts as a neutron absorber in control rods
in nuclear power plants. It is also a source of energetic gamma rays. It is very
chemically similar to zirconium. It does not exist as a free element in nature. The
pure metal is not normally toxic. The metal is completely insoluble in water, saline
solutions or body chemicals, so how it is used by the body is unknown.
Percent amount in body: near 0%
Holmium (Ho) 67
Holmium is a malleable, soft, lustrous meta kith a silvery colour, belonging to the
lantanides series of the periodic table. It is slowly attacked by oxygen and water and
dissolves in acids. Holmium alloys are used as a magnetic flux concentrator to create
the strongest artificially-generated magnetic fields. It is also used in nuclear reactors
for nuclear control rods. It is a rare earth element so is not found naturally as a free
element. Holmium has no biological role in the body but it may stimulate
metabolism. It has very low toxicity.
Percent amount in body: 0%
Indium (In) 49
Indium is a rare, soft, malleable and easily fusible poor metal. It is silvery white and
has a bright luster. It is chemically similar to aliminium and gallium. One isotope of
indium is slightly radioactive and decays to tin over time. This radiation is not
however considered hazardous because it has a very slow decay rate. This
radioactivity is exploited by medicine to scan bone for infection or inflammation. Pure
indium in metal form is considered non-toxic. Some indium compounds however, like
indium trichloride are toxic and carcinogenic.
In small doses it is said to stimulate the metabolism. There are many people though
marketing indium as a nutritional supplement. It is believed that indium helps
increase absorption of other essential trace elements. It is also believed to influence
hormone production and delay the effects of ageing. There is also some evidence
that indium can help with short-term memory loss. There is also some evidence
linking indium to reduced symptoms in Parkinson’s disease. The proposed benefits of
indium are outlines in a book called Indium: The Missing Trace Mineral: The Newly
Discovered Supplement for Vibrant Health by a Dr. R. Lyons
Percent amount in body: near 0%
Lanthanum (La) 57
Lanthanum is a silvery white, ductile, soft, metallic element. The metal reacts
directly with elemental carbon, nitrogen, boron, selenium, silicon, phosphorus,
sulfur, and with halogens and is one of the most reactive of the rare earth metals.
The element is not absorbed orally, and when injected its elimination is very slow.
Lanthanum carbonate was approved as a medication to absorb excess phosphate in
cases of end-stage renal failure. Some rare-earth chlorides, such as lanthanum
chloride (LaCl3), are known to have anticoagulant properties. Lanthanum has low to
moderate toxicity.
Percent amount in body: near 0%
Lithium (Li) 3
Lithium is an alkali metal and is the lightest solid element. In its pure form, it’s a
soft, silver white metal that tarnishes and oxidizes rapidly on air and water. It only
has one valence electron so it is very reactive. It is one of the 4 elements (along with
hydrogen, helium and beryllium) that were created in the big bang.
It has no known biological role but is sometimes used as a drug to treat manic
depression. Lithium salts are used as mood stabilizers. Lithium is however still
considered toxic and levels need to be monitored. For many years, the effect of
lithium carbonate on patients remained a mystery until Dr. Klein and his colleagues’
at the University of Pennsylvania discovered in 2006 that lithium, a natural salt,
deactivated the GSK-3B enzyme. When the GSK-3B is activated, the protein Bmal1 is
unable to reset the “master clock” inside the brain which disrupts the body’s natural
cycle. When the cycle is disrupted, the routine schedules of many functions
(metabolism, sleep, body temperature) are disturbed.
There is also some evidence that lithium supplementation can be used to help treat
Alzheimer’s disease, because of its ability to keep brain cells alive and may even help
regenerate brain cells. This comes from research done at Wayne State University in
the USA.
Animal studies show that a deficiency of lithium results in reproductive failure,
infertility, reduced growth rate, shortened life expectancy and behavioral problems.
In humans, manic depression, depression, "Bi-polar" disease, rages, Dr. Jekyll/Mr.
Hyde behavior, hyperactivity, ADD, "Bad Seeds" are hallmarks of Li deficiency.
Another researcher at the University of Pennsylvania, Dr Bjorksten, showed that
lithium may be an important electrolyte for aliminium detachment.
Other studies have shown that when combined with germanium, lithium helps the
electrical transfer within the brain
Some studies on lithium levels in the diet have shown that when a diet is deficient in
lithium, it leads to behavioral abnormalities. Also, hair analysis of mental patients
have shown that lithium levels are low in such people.
For more info on lithium and health see http://intelegen.com/nutrients/lithium.htm
Percent amount in body: 0.00001%
Lutetium (Lu) 71
Lutetium is a metallic rare earth element that is also a transition metal and a
lanthamide. It is relatively stable and is the heaviest and hardest of the are earth
metals. It is very expansive to obtain and therefore has few commercial uses.
Lutetium is difficult to separate from other elements and is the least abundant of all
naturally occurring elements. It is also the most expensive metal, costing 6 times as
much as gold. It is said to have a low toxicity. It has no known biological role but is
said to stimulate the metabolism.
Percent amount in body: near 0%
Neodymium (Nd) 60
Neodynium is one of the more reactive rare earth elements with a silvery metallic
luster. Neomydium compounds are of low to moderate toxicity. Breathing in
neomydium dust can cause embolisms and accumulated exposure damages the liver.
Percent amount in body: near 0%
Nickel (Ni)
Nickel is a metallic element with a silvery white colour. It belongs to the iron group
and is hard, malleable and ductile. In the body many but not all hydrogenases
contain nickel. Hydrogenases function to oxidise rather than evolve hydrogen. There
is also a nickel-containing carbon monoxide dehydrogenase. Animal studies have
shown that nickel is essential to proper liver function. It is also believed that urease
is a nickel metaloenzyme. Bacteria also use nickel for enzyme production. On the
other side of the coin, excess nickel in the body is associated with heart disease,
thyroid disease and cancer. The exact role of nickel in the body has not yet been
discovered although it definitely has some effect on health. Good food sources of
nickel include chocolate, nuts, fruits and vegetables.
NOAEL: 100ppm diet (5mg/kg/day)
LOAEL: 1000ppm diet (50mg/kg/day)
TLV: 0.05mg/m3
IPR-RAT LD50 250 mg kg-1
R Niobium (Nb) 41
Niobium (sometimes called columbium) is a rare, soft, grey, ductile transition metal.
Noboium becomes a super conductor when lowered to cryogenic temperatures (like
vanadium and technetium). Nobium and is considered toxic. Some species of
unicellular algae have been shown to accumulate the radionuclide 95Nb- whether or
not this is the form in Cellfood, we don’t know, but probably is it not. Binding of
niobium ions in solution by bacteria has also been reported, which indicates that
niobium may have some role in health. Schroeder and Balassa considered niobium a
much-neglected element from a biological viewpoint. They based this statement on
their finding that levels of niobium in tissues of humans and wild, domestic, and
laboratory animals were comparable to those of copper and were exceeded among
the trace elements only by iron, zinc, and rubidium. They found niobium in nearly all
animal and vegetable foods they analyzed, with most in the range of 0.5 to 3.0
mcg/g fresh weight.
Percent amount in human body: 0.000002 %
C Polonium (Po) 84
Polonium is a rare radioactive metalloid chemically similar to tellurium and bismuth.
It is extremely toxic and highly radioactive. It is also one of the carcinogenic
contaminants in tobacco smoke. In addition, polunium-210 is soluble and is
circulated through the body to every tissue and cell in levels much higher than from
residential radon. The proof is that it can be found in the blood and urine of smokers.
The circulating polonium -210 causes genetic damage and early death from diseases
reminiscent of early radiological pioneers: liver and bladder cancer, stomach ulcer,
leukemia, cirrhosis of liver, and cardiovascular diseases. It is also called Radium F.
The maximum allowable body burden for ingested polonium is only 1100 Becquerel’s
(0.03 micro curie), which is equivalent to a particle weighing only 6.8 x 10 -12 gram.
Weight for weight polonium is approximately 2.5 x 1011 times as toxic as hydrocyanic
acid.
Percent amount in human body: 0%
Praseodymium (Pr) 59
Praseodymium is a soft, malleable, silvery metallic element, and belongs to the
lanthanide group. Like all rare earths, praseodymium is of low to moderate toxicity.
Praseodymium has no known biological role. It reacts slowly with oxygen and rapidly
with water. It is taken up by plants and in water animals has been shown to damage
cell membranes.
Percent amount in human body: near 0%
R Promethium (Pm) 61
Very little is known about this metal except that it emits beta radius. Promethium
salts luminesce in the dark with a pale blue or greenish glow due to their high
radioactivity. It is man-made and does not naturally occur on earth. It is highly
radioactive and has no known biological role. Why it would be in Cellfood, I’m
unsure. Any natural promethium the Earth possessed has long since disappeared. It
is believed to be present in trace quantities in uranium minerals, as it is part of
uranium's radioactive decay series. It generally is obtained from fission products in
nuclear reactors.
Percent amount in human body: 0%
Rhenium (Re) 75
Rhenium is a silvery white heavy transition metal that chemically resembles
manganese. It is very expensive. Very little is known about the toxicity or biological
effects of this element.
Percent amount in human body: near 0%
Rubidium (Rb) 37
Rubidium is a soft, silvery white metallic element of the alkali metal group that is
highly reactive. A naturally occurring isotope of rubidium is slightly radioactive.
Rubidium is the second most electropositive of the stable alkaline elements and can
be a liquid at room temperature. Like other group 1 elements this metal ignites
spontaneously in air and reacts violently in water, liberating and sometimes igniting
hydrogen. Rubidium has no known biological use, although some scientists believe it
could be a necessary trace element. Its possible function is unknown, although it is
known to stimulate the metabolism. Some evidence shows that it helps combat
depression when used with cesium. Like cesium it helps lower the pH of cells, which
in turn can decrease tumor growth. It is also similar to potassium and accumulates in
the body’s electrolyte fluid. It has been found that low rubidium levels affect levels of
other minerals in the body like sodium, calcium, iron, zinc and magnesium. Rubidium
is relatively non toxic. Most foods contain 0.5-5 mcg/g rubidium
Percent amount in human body: 0.001% (Normal human adults contain about 300
mg in all tissues, more than most of the other ultra trace elements)
More info:
http://www.ithyroid.com/rubidium.htm
Samarium (Sm) 62
Samarium is a rare earth metal and a lanthanide with a bright silver luster. It is the
4th most abundant of the rare earth elements and is in the lanthanide series. It is of
low toxicity. Like europium samarium has a relatively stable oxidation state
Samarium has no known biological role, but is said to stimulate the metabolism.
Percent amount in human body: near 0%
Silver (Ag) 47
Silver is a soft white lustrous transition metal. It has the highest electrical and
thermal conductivity of any metal but is not commonly used because of its cost. It is
very ductile and malleable.
Hippocrates, the father of modern medicine, wrote that silver had beneficial healing
and anti-disease properties and it has been used by ancient cultures for 8000 years
to heal. Colloidal silver has been extensively marketed as a natural antibiotic and
immune stimulant due to its ability to kill fungi, viruses and bacteria. Silver is not
toxic but some of its compounds are. Silver and compounds containing silver can be
absorbed into the circulatory system and become deposited in various body tissues
leading to a condition called argyria, which results in a blue-grayish pigmentation of
the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Although this condition does not harm a
person's health, it is disfiguring and usually permanent.
NOEL: none
LOAEL: 1g (total dose), converted to an oral dose of 0.014mg/kg/day
Percent amount in human body: 0.000003%
Tantalum (Ta) 73
Tantalum is a shiny, silvery metal which is soft when is pure. It is almost immune to
chemical attack at temperatures below 150 C. Because tantalum oxide is very
insoluble, there is almost no tantalum to be found in natural waters and few plants
take it up. It is mildly toxic. It may be harmful by inhalation, ingestion or skin
absorption. Causes eye & skin irritation. Material is irritating to mucous membranes
& upper respiratory tract.
R Technetium (Tc) 43
Technetium is a silvery-gray radioactive metal. Technetium does not exist in the
Earth's crust, nor found in any mineral. Currently, it is only produced by artificial
nuclear fission reactions. Technetium has a short half-life, so any natural technetium
the Earth possessed has long since disappeared. The most useful isotope of
technetium is technetium-99m: it has a short half-life and it binds chemically to
many biologically active molecules, these properties make it suitable for many
medical radioactive isotope tests. A pyrophosphate ion with Tc-99m adheres to
calcium deposits in damaged heart muscle, making it useful to gauge damage after a
heart attack. The sulfur colloid of Tc-99m is scavenged by the spleen, making it
possible to image the structure of that organ. Like rhenium and palladium,
technetium can serve as a catalyst. For certain reactions, for example the
dehydrogenation of isopropyl alcohol, it is a far more effective catalyst than either
rhenium or palladium. Of course, its radioactivity is a major problem in finding safe
applications.
Percentage amount in human body: near 0%
Tellurium (Te) 52
Tellerium is a rare, silver-white metalloid which looks like tin and is chemically
similar to selenium and sulfur. It is sometimes found in its native form. Humans
exposed to as little as 0.01 mg/m3 or less in air develop "tellurium breath", which
has a garlic-like odor as well as a body odour. This proves that tellurium is absorbed
by the gut, metabolized by tissues, and excreted through routes other than the
feces.
The toxicity of orally administered tellurium is relatively low. When fed 375-1500
mcg of elemental tellurium per gram of diet for 21 days, rats developed a garlic odor
in their breath, viscera, and urine but showed no pathological changes.
Percentage amount in human body: near 0%
OEL: 0.1mg/m3
ITR-RAT LDLO 120mg/kg (intratracheal lowest published toxic dose)
Terbium (Tb) 65
Terbium is a silvery white rare earth metal that is malleable, ductile and soft. Like
other lanthanides it is of low to moderate toxicity. It has no known biological role.
Percentage amount in human body: near 0%
Thallium (Tl) 81
Thallium is a very soft, bluish-white metal that can be cut with a knife. It easily
reacts with air, water (especially steam) and most acids. Thallium resembles lead in
appearance, but chemically resembles aluminum. It was previously used in
insecticides but this was stopped due to its high toxicity. In the past, thallium was
used as a therapeutic agent to treat syphilis, gonorrhea, tuberculosis, and ringworm,
and it was also used as a depilatory for excess hair. However, reports of poisoning
and death were noted, and these uses have been discontinued.
The human body absorbs thallium very effectively, especially through the skin, the
breathing organs and the digestive tract. Because of its similarity in charge and ionic
radius to potassium, thallium is able to enter cells, inhibit Na-K-ATPase, and interfere
with energy production at essential steps in glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative
phosphorylation. In addition, thallium may interfere with formation of disulfide bonds
due to a high affinity for sulfhydryl groups. Furthermore, its similarity to potassium
allows it to accumulate in areas rich in potassium, including muscular, hepatic, and
nervous tissue. Its accumulation in muscular tissue is the basis for the use of
radioactive thallium in cardiac imaging studies. Thallium poisoning is mainly caused
by accidental uptake of rat poison, which contains large amounts of thallium
sulphate. Consequently, stomachaches will appear and the nervous system will be
damaged. In some cases the damage is so irreversible that death will soon follow.
When a human survives thallium poisoning often consequences of disturbances of
the nervous system, such as trembling, paralyses and behavioral changes will
remain. With unborn children thallium poisoning can cause congenital disorders.
It is, however found in other trace mineral products and in seafood.
TLV: 0.1mg/m3 (soluble compounds)
ORL-RAT: 0.45mg/kg/day yielded 100% mortality
R Thorium (Th) 90
Thorium is a silvery white metal which is air stable and retains its luster for several
months. It has a very high melting point. It is also a source of nuclear power. It is
very abundant in the earths crust. People will always be exposed to small amounts of
thorium through air, food and water, because it is found nearly everywhere on earth.
Small amounts are not hazardous but in large amounts thorium ingestion is
carcinogenic because it is radioactive. It is found in other trace mineral formulations
and seafood.
Percentage amount in human body: near 0%
Tin (Sn) 50
Tin is a soft, pliable, silvery white metal. Tin is not easily oxidized and resists
corrosion because it is protected by an oxide film. Tin in its native form is not toxic
but organic tin bonds are. Triethyltin is the most dangerous organic tin substance for
humans. It has relatively short hydrogen bonds. When hydrogen bonds grow longer
a tin substance will be less dangerous to human health. Humans can absorb tin
bonds through food and breathing and through the skin.
Tin is very possibly an essential element for humans. It is believed that tine is
needed for proper growth and development. Studies by Schwarz demonstrated that
tin produced an acceleration of growth in rats and further met the standards for an
essential trace element. As a member of the fourth main chemical group of
elements, tin has many chemical and physical properties similar to those of carbon,
silica, germanium and lead. There is some evidence that tin deficiency can lead to
baldness. There is otherwise no specific function of tin that has been identified in
humans.
Percentage amount in human body: 0.00003%
Titanium (Ti) 22
Titanium is a hard, lustrous, white metal. It is very corrosion resistant and generally
not affected by air, water, acids or bases. Titanium is very common in the Earth's
crust, being the 9th most common element. It is also common in meteorites, the Sun
and Moon. In medicine titanium is used to make hip and knee replacements, pacemakers, bone-plates and screws and cranial plates for skull fractures. Titanium is
non toxic and the body can tolerate it in large doses. It doesn’t react with biological
tissues in the body. Very little is known about it biological role of titanium but it is
known to act as a metabolic stimulant. In some plants, titanium is used in chemical
energy production.
Percentage amount in human body: 0.00002%
Tungsten (W) 74
Tungsten is a gray-white metal that is stable and unaffected by air, acids or bases. It
has the highest melting point of any element and often is used in alloys that must
resist great amounts of heat, such as light-bulb filaments. Tungsten has roles in
biology. It is used by certain bacteria to produce enzymes. It has been shown to act
by antagonizing the action of the essential trace element, molybdenum. Enzymes
called oxidoreductases use tungsten in a way that is similar to molybdenum.
Tungsten is not toxic but its compounds are. There was a scare in 2002 that
tungsten in drinking water may be related to an increased incidence of childhood
leukemia, but this has since been refuted.
Percentage amount in human body: near 0%
Ytterbium (Yb) 70
It is a soft, malleable ductile silvery-white metal that reacts with water and acids and
very slowly reacts with air. It has no biological role but is said to stimulate the
metabolism. It is a suspected teratogen (ie harmful to a fetus).
Percentage amount in human body: near 0%
Zirconium (Zr) 40
Zirconium is a very strong, malleable, ductile, lustrous silver-gray metal. Its
chemical and physical properties are similar to those of titanium. Zirconium is
extremely resistant to heat and corrosion. Zirconium is lighter than steel and its
hardness is similar to copper. When it is finely divided, the metal can spontaneously
ignite in air, especially at high temperatures. Zirconium powder is black and is
regarded as very dangerous fire hazard. Zirconium does not dissolve in acids and
alkalis. Zirconium and its salts exhibit low toxicity. Meat, dairy products, vegetables,
grains and nuts all contain Zirconium.
Percentage Amount in the Human Body: 0.000001 %
Bibliography:
Wikipedia online encyclopedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page
Mineral Information Institute: www.mii.org
Material Safety Data sheets at : http://www.physchem.ox.ac.uk/MSDS/#MSDS
U.S. Environmental Protection agency: http://cfpub.epa.gov/iris/
Biochemical Periodic Table: http://umbbd.msi.umn.edu/periodic/
+ various google.com searches
Comments and Questions:
It seems that most elements have some kind of biological function, although most
are only just unfolding. It does seem that we are heading towards a longer list of
“essential” minerals in health.
With regards to some of the toxic minerals in Cellfood, we need to look at the
concentrations. They are probably far away from the toxic amounts. Small amounts
may be very beneficial. Similar to homeopathic principle of: the more dilute the
remedy, the more therapeutic it becomes.
Then there is also the theory of the nature of the elements in cell food: colloidal,
mono-atomic, electrically charged, which may actually nullify any potential toxic
effects.
The following elements are radioactive/carcinogenic and not usually found in foods or
other trace mineral formulations:




Actinium. Radioactive
Astatine. Radioactive
Polonium. Carcinogen- not found in other products or seafood
Promethium. Highly radioactive

Technetium. Highly radioactive. Not found in nature.
Has the radioactivity/radioactive potential of Cellfood been tested?
We therefore need to establish why these may be present in Cellfood. Is it because
they are found naturally in fossils and algae and have some biological value. Or is it
from nuclear dumping in the ocean etc?