SCOTT S. FISHER
University of Southern California
School of Cinema-Television
LUC 310b, MC 2211
Los Angeles, CA
USA 90089-2211
Tel +1(213) 821 5219 Fax +1(213) 740 7682
sfisher@cinema.usc.edu
FIELDS OF SPECIALIZATION
• Interactive Art & Media Technology
• Immersive Virtual Environments and Technologies of Presence
• Mobile Multimedia and Location-based Services
• Stereoscopic Imaging
EDUCATION
• M.S.
• B.S.
• Attended
• Graduated
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Architecture Machine Group, 1982.
Dissertation: “Viewpoint Dependent Imaging: An Interactive Stereoscopic Display”
Skidmore College, Fine Arts, 1973.
Colgate University
The Haverford School
PERSONAL INFORMATION
Date of Birth
Family status
1951
Married with two children
PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE
2002-present University of Southern California
Chair, Interactive Media Division in the School of Cinema-Television
1999-present Keio University at Shonan Fujisawa, Japan
Project Professor and Director, Environmental Media Project
Directs research sponsored by NTT DoCoMo, Inc. to explore future location-based
information services over wireless networks and focused on the design, and prototyping
of a system for linking Virtual Environments to the physical world through integration of
capabilities and technology components from the fields of virtual reality, mixed reality,
mobile multimedia, and wearable computing..
1999-present
Telepresence Media
President
Directs a design company focusing on the art and design of virtual environment and
remote presence experiences for online and location-based applications.
1997-1998
University of California, Los Angeles
Visiting Professor, Department of Design | Media Arts and Center for Digital Arts, School of
the Arts and Architecture
1996-1998
University of California, San Diego
Director, Virtual Explorer Project
Directed development of an immersive virtual environment framework to facilitate
learning basic science concepts at high school and college level.
1
1990-1998
Telepresence Research, Inc.
Co-founder and Managing Director
Directed a production company focusing on the art and design of virtual environment and
remote presence experiences, systems, and applications for museums, theme parks, and
arts installations.
1993-1995
Paramount Technology Group, Paramount Communications, Inc.
Independent Producer, Virtual Environments
Produced, directed, and consulted on projects for Interactive TV, Online Services, and
Theme Park Operating Groups.
1985-1990
NASA Ames Research Center
Research Scientist, Aerospace Human Factors Research Division
Conducted research on telepresence and simulation technology for human-machine
interaction. Founded and directed Virtual Environment Workstation Project (VIEWlab)
that pioneered the development of many key VR technologies including head-coupled
displays, datagloves, and 3-D audio technology. Security Clearance: Secret
1982-84
Atari, Inc.
Research Scientist
Designed and implemented multimodal, interactive display environments for education,
training, and entertainment applications.
1979
FIAT, S.p.A.
Design and Technical Consultant
Designed and implemented a stereoscopic display for lifesized product design simulation
by Fiat/Lancia at headquarters in Turin, Italy.
1974-82
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
1981-82
Research Associate/Instructor, The Architecture Machine Group.
Research on interactive three-dimensional display techniques and multimedia applications
of optical videodisc technology.
1979-81
Research Assistant, The Architecture Machine Group
Research on applications of 3D display techniques in DARPA-sponsored
teleconferencing and telepresence applications.
1979
Consultant, The Architecture Machine Group
Imaging specialist for “ The Aspen Movie Map”, a DARPA-sponsored multimedia
mapping research project using interactive videodisc technology.
1977
Consultant, Department of Mechanical Engineering
Developed stereoscopic photogrammetric systems for size-distribution analysis of
architectural demolition debris.
1974-76
Research Fellow, Center for Advanced Visual Studies
Artist in Residence conducting research on stereoscopic imagery & display technology,
binocular perception, and environmental art installations.
COURSES
2002
Visiting Professor, University of Southern California
School of Cinema-Television, Interactive Media Division
Graduate Seminar Course: “ Interactive Media Seminar”
2
1999-2002
Project Professor, Keio University at Shonan Fujisawa, Japan
Graduate School of Media and Governance
Graduate Lecture Course: “Interactive Environments” (Fall 1999, Fall 2000)
Undergraduate Seminar Course: “Environmental Media” (1999, 2000, 2001,2002)
Graduate Seminar Course: “Multimedia Networking” (1999, 2000, 2001,2002)
1997-1998
Visiting Professor, UCLA, Center for Digital Arts, School of the Arts and Architecture, Los
Angeles, CA
Design 256: “Interactive Environments”
Design 258: “ Current State of Technology”
Design 402: “Design Studio II”
1997
Professor and Board of Advisors, BITHAUS Digital Media School, Tokyo, JAPAN
1992-1996
SPIE/IS&T Symposium on Electronic Imaging Science and Technology, San Jose, CA
Short Course: “ Telepresence: From Remote Presence to Virtual Environments”
1993
ACM SIGGRAPH, Anaheim, CA
Short Course: “ Applications of Virtual Environments and Telepresence”
1992
NTU (National Technological University), Fort Collins, CO
Live Satellite Broadcast/Tape-Delayed Tutorial: “ Telepresence: From Remote Presence
to Virtual Environments”
OPTCON ‘92, Boston, MA
Short Course: “ Telepresence: From Remote Presence to Virtual Environments”
IMAGE VI, Phoenix, AZ
Short Course: “ Telepresence: From Remote Presence to Virtual Environments”
1991
NTT Labs, Tokyo, Japan
Short Course: “Telepresence: Exploring New Frontiers in Telecommunications”
Cyberarts International, Los Angeles, CA
Master Class: “ Design Issues in Telepresence”
SPIE/IS&T Symposium on Electronic Imaging Science and Technology, San Jose, CA
Short Course: “ Virtual Environment Display Systems”
ACM SIGCHI, New Orleans, LA
Short Course: “ Interacting with Three Dimensional Media Environments”
Conference on Virtual Reality and the Arts, San Francisco Art Institute, CA
Short Course: “ Telepresence”
1990
ACM SIGGRAPH, Dallas, TX
Short Course: “ Interacting with Three Dimensional Media Environments”
1989
ACM SIGGRAPH, Boston, MA
Short Course: “ Virtual Environments, Personal Simulation, & Telepresence”
Short Course: “ Interactive Stereoscopic Display”
1981
MIT, Dept. of Architecture, Cambridge, MA
4.886 Approaches to Visual Communications: “Three Dimensional Imaging ”
1977-1981
MIT, Art Association, Cambridge, MA
“Photography”, “Stereoscopic Photography”
1977
Cambridge Center for Adult Education, Cambridge, MA
“Stereoscopic Photography”
1974-1976
MIT , Dept. of Architecture and Center for Advanced Visual Studies, Cambridge, MA
4.063 Projects in Environmental Art: “ Live Space” (with Maryanne Amacher)
4.063 Projects in Environmental Art: “ Stereoscopic Photography”
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GROUP & INDIVIDUAL EXHIBITIONS
2001
1997
1995
1993
1993
1980
1980
1976
1975
1975
1975
1974
Micro Archiving in “Emerging Technologies”, SIGGRAPH ’01, Los Angeles, California
Virtual Explorer in “Electric Garden”, SIGGRAPH ‘97, Los Angeles, California
Chimerium in “ InfoArt”, ‘95 Kwanju Biennale, Kwanju, Korea.
Menagerie in “Tomorrow’s Realities”, SIGGRAPH ‘93, Anaheim, California
“ Real-Virtual”, Revue Virtuelle Program #4, Galeries Contemporaines.
Centre Georges Pompidou, Paris, France.
Stereo Photos in “Similar Visions”, The Museum of Holography, New York, NY.
Stereo Photos in “Grundlehren fur Architektur und Design”, Badishes Landesmuseum,
Karlsruhe, Germany
“You are Here - Boston Celebrations, Pt.2”, Institute of Contemporary Art, Boston
“Art Transitions” MIT, Center for Advanced Visual Studies, Cambridge, MA
“ Boston Celebrations, Pt.1”, Institute of Contemporary Art, Boston, MA
“ 12th Annual Avant Garde Festival of New York”
“ 11thAnnual Avant Garde Festival of New York”
PERMANENT INSTALLATIONS
• “The Virtual Brewery Adventure”, Sapporo Beer Museum, Tokyo Japan. Installed 1995.
• “ Virtual Explorer”, The Tech Museum of Innovation, San Jose California. Installed 1998.
• “ Virtual Explorer”, The Heinz Nixdorf MuseumsForum, Paderborn,Germany. Installed 1998.
AWARDS
• Selected member of “Key Person 50”, November, 25, 1994 Awarded by TV 2000 magazine in Japan.
• Selected member of "Federal 100", March 1990. Awarded by Federal Computer Week Publication, to honor
top 100 federal employees who have had greatest impact on government systems community in 1989.
• Group Achievement Award: Ames-Dryden Flight Research Facility Shuttle Support Team, 1989.
• Sustained Superior Performance Award. NASA Ames Research Center, 1987.
• MIT Council for the Arts, 1980. Grant to support a feasibility study for an interactive stage set with the
Joffrey Ballet.
PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES & AFFILIATIONS
• Columnist, “ Real-time Interactive Graphics” in Computer Graphics, ACM SIGGRAPH Journal. 1996-present
• Editorial Board, Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, MIT Press Journal. 1992-present
• Conference Chair, ” Stereoscopic Displays and Virtual Systems”, SPIE/IS&T Symposium on Electronic
Imaging Science and Technology, 1989 - 1999.
• Program Chair, International Conference on Virtual Systems and Multimedia (Gifu, Japan). 2000
• Program Committee, International Conference on Virtual Systems and Multimedia (Gifu, Japan). 1998-Present
• Program Committee, IEEE 1998 Virtual Reality Annual International Symposium (VRAIS '98)
• Scientific Advisory Board, Imagina Conference (Monte-Carlo)
• Consultant, National Academy of Sciences, National Research Council Committee on Virtual Reality
Research and Development, 1993.
• Jury Member, Digital Art Awards, Keio University, 2001, 2002.
• Jury Member, Ars Electronica Interactive Art Awards, 1992 (Austria)
• Technical Papers Reviewer, ACM SIGGRAPH 1989-92
• Program Committee, Symposium on Interactive 3d Graphics, 1990
• Center Representative, NASA Telerobot Intercenter Working Group, 1986 to 1990.
• Branch Representative, NASA-Ames Strategy Review Team on Hypersonics. 1987.
• Invited Member, UNESCO Committee on Media Technologies. 1985.
• Society Director, VSMM - International Society on Virtual Systems and MultiMedia .
• International Advisory Committee, ZeroOne: The Art and Technology Network
• Member, SPIE – International Society for Optical Engineering
• Member, IEEE Computer Society
• Member, ACM SIGGRAPH
• Member, National Stereoscopic Association
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REFERENCES
• Professor Rebecca Allen, University of California, Los Angeles
• Dr. Alan Kay, Walt Disney Imagineering
• Professor Marvin Minsky, Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• Dr. David C. Nagle, AT&T Laboratories
• Professor Nicholas Negroponte, Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• Dr. Kathleen Wilson, Viacom, Inc.
PUBLICATIONS AND SELECTED PRESENTATIONS
Fisher, Scott S., " An Authoring Tool Kit for Mixed Reality Experiences", International Workshop on
Entertainment Computing (IWEC2002): Special Session on Mixed Reality Entertainment, May 14 -17 2002,
Tokyo, Japan
Fisher, S., T. Saito, I. McDowall, Y. Nakayama, M.Bolas, K. Kohiyama, “Micro Archiving and Interactive
Virtual Insect Exhibit”. Stereoscopic Displays and Virtual Reality Systems IX, Benton, S., Woods, A., Bolas,
M.T., and Merritt, J. O., Editors, Proc. SPIE 4660 (2002).
Fisher, Scott S., “Environmental Media: Linking Virtual Environments to the Real World” in Creative Digital
Media: Its Impact on the New Century. Keio University COE International Symposium, Keio University Press,
December, 2001 Tokyo, Japan
Fisher, S. "Environmental Media: Accessing Virtual Representations of Real-Time Sensor Data
and Site-specific Annotations Embedded in Physical Environments" in Proc. of the
Seventh Int'l Conf. on Virtual Systems and Multimedia, Berkeley, October 25-27, 2001,
Thwaites and Addison, eds. Los Alamitos: IEEE Computer Soc., 2001.
Dean, K., Asay-Davis, X., Finn, E., Foley, T., Friesner, J., Imai, Y., Naylor, B., Wustner, S., Fisher, S., Wilson,
K., “Virtual Explorer: Interactive Environment for Education” in Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual
Environments. Vol. 9, No. 6, December 2000, pp.505–523.
Fisher, Scott S., “From Envisioning to Embodying the Virtual” in Tangible Bits: Towards Seamless Interfaces
between People, Bits and Atoms, NTT Publishing Co.,Ltd., 2000
Fisher, Scott S., “Virtual Environments, Personal Simulation, & Telepresence” in Ars Electronica: Facing the
Future, T. Druckrey, ed., MIT Press, 1999
Fisher, S. S. , Bolas, M.T., and Merritt, J. O., Editors, Stereoscopic Displays and Virtual Reality Systems VI,
Proc. SPIE 3639 (1999).
Dean, K., Asay-Davis, X., Finn, E., Friesner, J., Naylor, B., Wustner,S., Fisher, S., Wilson, K., “Virtual
Explorer: creating interactive 3D virtual environments for education”. Stereoscopic Displays and Virtual Reality
Systems V, Fisher, S. S. , Bolas, M.T., and Merritt, J. O., Editors, Proc. SPIE 3295 (1998).
Fisher, S. S. , Bolas, M.T., and Merritt, J. O., Editors, Stereoscopic Displays and Virtual Reality Systems V,
Proc. SPIE 3295 (1998).
Dean, K., Asay-Davis, X., Finn, E., Friesner, J., Naylor, B., Wustner,S., Fisher, S., Wilson, K., “Virtual
Explorer”, Computer Graphics, Vol. 31, No.4, November, 1997.
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Dean, K., Finn, E., Friesner, J., Naylor, B., Wustner,S., Wilson, K., Fisher, S., “Virtual Explorer”. Visual
Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 1997, Los Angeles. New York: ACM Press, pp.110. (1997)
Fisher, Scott S., “Interactive Virtual Environments for the World Wide Web,” Stereoscopic Displays and
Virtual Reality Systems IV, Fisher, S. S. , Bolas, M.T., and Merritt, J. O., Editors, Proc. SPIE 3012 (1997).
Ito, M. and Fisher, S.S., “Circulating Images of Virtual Systems: Trodes, Gloves and Goggles in Scientific and
Popular Cultures,” Stereoscopic Displays and Virtual Reality Systems IV, Fisher, S. S. , Bolas, M.T., and
Merritt, J. O., Editors, Proc. SPIE 3012 (1997).
Fisher, S. S. , Bolas, M.T., and Merritt, J. O., Editors, Stereoscopic Displays and Virtual Reality Systems IV,
Proc. SPIE 3012 (1997).
Fisher, Scott S. and Fraser, G., “The Virtual Brewery Adventure”, Computer Graphics, Vol. 30, No.4,
November, 1996.
Fisher, S. S. , Bolas, M.T., and Merritt, J. O., Editors, Stereoscopic Displays and Virtual Reality Systems III,
Proc. SPIE 2653 (1996).
Fisher, S. S. , Bolas, M.T., and Merritt, J. O., Editors, Stereoscopic Displays and Virtual Reality Systems II ,
Proc. SPIE 2409 (1995).
Fisher, Scott S., “Recent Developments in Virtual Experience Design and Production,”Stereoscopic Displays
and Virtual Reality Systems II, Fisher, S. S. , Bolas, M.T., and Merritt, J. O., Editors, Proc. SPIE 2409 (1995).
Fisher, Scott S. “ Telepresence: Context and Sense-ability in Digital Worlds “ in TechnoCulture Matrix, NTT
Publishing Co.,Ltd., 1994
Fisher, S. S. , Bolas, M.T., and Merritt, J. O., Editors, Stereoscopic Displays and Virtual Reality Systems, Proc.
SPIE 2177 (1994).
Fisher, S. S. , Amkraut, S., Girard, M., Trayle, M., “Menagerie: Designing a Virtual Experience,”Stereoscopic
Displays and Virtual Reality Systems, Fisher, S. S., Bolas, M.T., and Merritt, J.O., Eds, Proc. SPIE 2177(1994).
Fisher, Scott. “ The Eye in Time: Looking Back, “ in InterCommunication, No. 4, Spring, 1993.
Fisher, S. S. and Merritt, J., Editors, Stereoscopic Displays and Applications IV, Proc. SPIE 1915 (1993).
Fisher, S. “Beyond Simulation,” Revue Virtuelle, Notebook No.4: Real-Virtual, Paris: Editions du Centre
Pompidou, 1992.
Fisher, Scott and Laurel, B. “ Be There Here, “ in InterCommunication, No. 0, .Spring, 1992.
Fisher, S. S. and Merritt, J., Editors, Stereoscopic Displays and Applications III, Proc. SPIE 1669 (1992).
Fisher, S. S. and Merritt, J., Editors, Stereoscopic Displays and Applications II, Proc. SPIE 1457 (1991).
Pieper,S., Delp,S., Rosen,J.,Fisher,S., “ A Virtual Environment for Simulation of Leg Surgery,” Stereoscopic
Displays and Applications II, Fisher, S. S. and Merritt, J. O., Editors, Proc. SPIE 1457 (1991).
Fisher, Scott S., “Wenn das Interface im Virtuellen Verschwindet”, Cyberspace, M. Waffender, Ed. , Rowohlt
Taschenbuch Verlag, 1991.
Fisher, Scott S. “Virtual Environments: Personal Simulations & Telepresence.” In Virtual Reality: Theory,
Practice and Promise, S. Helsel and J.Roth, ed. , Meckler Publishing, 1991.
Fisher, Scott S. "Virtual Interface Environments." In The Art of Human-Computer Interface Design, B. Laurel,
ed., Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., 1990.
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Wenzel, E.M.,Fisher,S.S.,Stone,P.K.,Foster,S.H., “A System for Three-Dimensional Acoustic ‘Visualization’ in
a Virtual Environment Workstation,” IEEE Proceedings of Visualization ‘90 (October 23-26, 1990, San
Francisco, CA)
Senay,H.,Feiner,S.,Fisher,S.,Grinstein,G.,Mackinlay,J.,Treinish,L., “Interaction Issues in Visualization:
Requirements, Techniques, and Devices,” IEEE Proceedings of Visualization ‘90 (October 23-26, 1990, San
Francisco, CA)
Fisher,S.S. and Jane M. Tazelaar, “ Living in a Virtual World,” Byte (July, 1990).
Fisher, S. S. and Merritt, J. O., Editors, Stereoscopic Displays and Applications, Proc. SPIE 1256 (1990).
Bolas, M.T., Fisher, S.S., ‘ Head-Coupled Remote Stereoscopic Camera System for Telepresence
Applications,’ Stereoscopic Displays and Applications, J.Merritt, Scott S. Fisher. Eds, Proc. SPIE 1256, (1990)
McDowall,I.E., M. Bolas, S. Pieper, S.S. Fisher, J. Humphries, ‘ Implementation and Integration of a
Counterbalanced CRT-based Stereoscopic Display for Interactive Viewpoint Control in Virtual Environment
Applications,’ Stereoscopic Displays and Applications, J.Merritt, Scott S. Fisher. Eds, Proc. SPIE 1256, (1990).
Fisher, S. "Telepresence in Dataspace." BCS Update, Boston Computer Society, Nov. 1989.
Robbins, W. E. and Fisher, S. S., Editors, Three-Dimensional Visualization and Display Technologies,
Proc.SPIE 1083 (1989).
Fisher,S. S, Wenzel, E. M., Coler, C., McGreevy, M. W., (1988) "Virtual Interface Environment Workstations,"
Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 32nd Annual Meeting (October 24-28, 1988, Anaheim, CA).
Fisher, Scott S. and David C. Nagel, "Visibility Research for the NASP." Third National Aerospace Plane
Technology Symposium, June 2-4, 1987. NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field , CA.
Wise, S. A., Rosen, J.,Fisher, S., Glass, K., Wong, Y. "Initial Experience with the DataGlove, A SemiAutomated System for Quantification of Hand Function," Proceedings of the 10th Annual Conference on
Rehabilitation Technology, San Jose, California, June 19-23, 1987.
Fisher, S. S., McGreevy, M., Humphries, J., Robinett, W. "Virtual Interface Environment for Telepresence
Applications," J. D. Berger, Editor, Proceedings of ANS International Topical Meeting on Remote Systems and
Robotics in Hostile Environments, 1987.
Fisher, S. S., McGreevy, M., Humphries, J., Robinett, W. "Virtual Workstation: A Multimodal, Stereoscopic
Display Environment," Advances in Intelligent Robotics Systems, D. P. Casasent, Editor, Proc. SPIE 726,
(1986). [SPIE Cambridge Symposium on Optical and Optoelectronic Engineering, 26-31 October, 1986.
Cambridge, Massachusetts.]
Fisher, S. "Telepresence Master Glove Controller for Dexterous Robotic End-Effectors," Advances in
Intelligent Robotics Systems, D.P.Casasent, Editor, Proc. SPIE 726, (1986). [SPIE Cambridge Symposium on
Optical and Optoelectronic Engineering, 26-31 October, 1986. Cambridge, Massachsetts.]
Fisher, S. S., McGreevy, M., Humphries, J., Robinett, W., "Virtual Environment Display System," ACM 1986
Workshop on 3D Interactive Graphics, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, October 23-24, 1986.
Fisher, Scott S. "Virtual Interface Environment," IEEE/AIAA 7th Digital Avionics Systems Conference, Fort
Worth, Texas, October 13-16, 1986.
Fisher, S. "Virtual Interface Environment," Space Station Human Factors Research Review, Volume IV:
Inhouse Advanced Development and Research, NASA Conference Publication 2426, Dec. 3-6, 1985, NASA
Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California, 94035.
Fisher, S. and Marion, A. "Real time Computer Graphics from Body Motion," Optics in Entertainment, C.
Outwater, Editor, Proc. SPIE 391, 1983.
7
Fisher, S. "Viewpoint Dependent Imaging: An interactive stereoscopic display." Processing and Display of
Three-Dimensional Data, J.J.Pearson, Editor, Proc. SPIE 367, 1982.
Fisher, S. "Viewpoint Dependent Imaging: An interactive stereoscopic display." Masters Dissertation,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts. October,1981.
INVITED PRESENTATIONS
Plenary Speaker, Fall 2002 Internet2 Member Meeting, Los Angeles, October, 2002
Keynote Speaker, Digital Frontier Kyoto 2000, Kyoto, Japan, October 2000.
Invited Speaker, "Border between Virtual and Real" Open Studio Tangible Bits, NTT InterCommunications
Center (ICC), July 2000
Invited Speaker, Future Design Symposium, NTT InterCommunications Center (ICC), October 1999
Invited Speaker, 6th Industrial Virtual Reality Show & Conference ‘98, Tokyo, Japan, July 1998
Invited Speaker, Digital Hollywood Multimedia School, Tokyo, Japan, July 1998
Invited Speaker, Bay Area Multimedia Arts & Lecture Series (Virtual Worlds: Beyond the Screen), San Jose,
CA, Dec. 1997
Keynote Speaker, The Works Arts Festival, Edmonton, Canda, July 1997
Invited Speaker, Art Center College of Design, Pasadena, CA, June 1997
Invited Speaker, University of California, Berkeley, April, 1997
Invited Speaker, Stanford University, Product Design Program, Nov. 1996
Invited Speaker, University of California, San Diego, Sept. 1996
Invited Speaker, University of California, Los Angeles, May 1996
Invited Panelist, ‘95 Kwanju Biennale, Kwanju, Korea, Sept. 1995
Invited Speaker, Forty-Fifth International Design Conference in Aspen, June, 1995
Keynote Speaker, 500 Years of Film, Stichting Haags Filmhuis, Den Haag, Holland, Nov., 1995
Keynote Speaker, InfoTech ‘95, Kansai, Japan, Oct., 1995
Keynote Speaker, Int. Conference on Virtual Systems and Multimedia, Gifu, Japan, Sept., 1995
Keynote Speaker, NICOGRAPH, Tokyo, Japan, Nov.1994
Invited Speaker, Stanford University, Department of Anthropology/Program in History and Philosophy of
Science, Workshop on Biology, Computers, and Society: at the Intersection of the ‘Real’ and the ‘Virtual’, June,
1994.
Keynote Speaker, Virtual Reality Conference, Vienna, Austria, Dec. 1993
Invited Speaker, Fraunhofer Institute, Darmstadt, Germany, Oct. 1993
Plenary Speaker, VRAIS ‘93, Portland, OR, Sept. 1993
Invited Speaker, Centre Georges Pompidou, Paris, Dec. 1992
Keynote Speaker, IVRiK ‘92 International Virtual Reality in KSP ‘92. Tokyo, Japan, October, 1992
Invited Speaker, Multimedia Expo, Sant Clara, CA, Oct. 1992
Keynote Speaker, International Database Symposium, Tokyo, Japan, Feb. 1992.
Invited Speaker, Compcon ‘92, San Francisco, CA, Feb. 1992
Invited Panelist, Cyberarts, Pasadena, CA, Nov. 1991
Invited Speaker, Physics Computing ‘91, San Jose, CA 1991
Keynote Speaker, Computer Graphics ‘91, London, Nov. 1991
Invited Speaker, Conference on Virtual Reality and the Arts, San Francisco Art Institute, August, 1991
Invited Speaker, Image and Sound Festival, Den Haag, Holland, May, 1991
Invited Speaker, Board of Directors, Hewlett Packard Corp. , Palo Alto, May, 1991
Invited Speaker, American Society for Information, Santa Clara, CA, April, 1991
Invited Speaker, Cybercon, Santa Cruz, CA, April 1991
Invited Speaker, Home Media Conference, Los Angeles, CA, April 1991
Invited Speaker, Gamecon, San Francisco, March 1991
Keynote Speaker, 3rd CIAC International Symposium, Nagoya, Japan, Dec. 1990
Keynote Speaker, Audio Visual Age, AVA ‘90, Tokyo, Japan, Nov. 1990
Invited Speaker, Cyberthon, San Francisco, Oct. 1990
Invited Speaker, Nippon Electronics College, Tokyo, Nov. 1990
Keynote Speaker, International Conference on Multimedia, Tokyo, Oct. 1990
Invited Speaker, Visualization ‘90, San Francisco, Oct. 1990
Invited Speaker, Mondi Virtuali, Venice, Italy, Oct. 1990
Invited Panelist, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, Sept. 1990.
Invited Speaker, Ars Electonica, Linz, Austria, Sept., 1990
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Keynote Speaker, IMAGE V, Phoenix, June 1990
Keynote Speaker, High Tech Art Planning (HARP), Tokyo, May 1990
Invited Speaker, Art Futura, Barcelona, Sept. 1990
Invited Panelist, SIGGRAPH ‘89, Boston, Aug. 1989
Invited Speaker, 3D Media Technology Conference, Montreal, Canada, May, 1989
Invited Speaker, Imagina, Monte Carlo, 1989
Invited Speaker, 3e Semaine Internationale de Video, Geneva, 1989
BIBLIOGRAPHY, DISCOGRAPHY & MEDIA REFERENCES
“Scott S. Fisher “ in Multimedia: From Wagner to Virtual Reality by R.Packer and K. Jordan – Intel sponsored
website project/publication http://www.artmuseum.net/
“ The Edge of Alchemy” in EFFECTS: Digital Movie and CG Design, 11-12/1999 (Japan)
“Scott Fisher” in The Multimedia and Cultural Evolution, NTT Publishing Co., Ltd., 1998 (Japan)
“ The Designing of an Experience: an interview with Scott Fisher”, InterCommunication, No. 25, Summer 1998
(Japan)
“What is `Utopia’ for you?”, Interview in InterCommunication, No. 21, Summer 1997 (Japan)
“InfoART: The Digital Frontier from Video to Virtual Reality”, by Cynthia Goodman, Interactions,
March/April, 1997.
“Changes in Asian Technology and Culture”, by Nakazawa, S., Itoh, T., Takemura, M., InterCommunication,
No.19, Winter 1997 (Japan)
“ Revue Virtuelle: Actualizing the Virtual”, CDROM produced by Centre Georges Pompidou, 1996
“ Scott S. Fisher Profile”, Artist Database Collection (video tape and CDROM), InterCommunication Center,
Tokyo, 1996
“InfoArt• The Digital Frontier: From Video to Virtual Reality”, CDROM Produced and Edited by Cynthia
Goodman, Rutt Video Interactive, New York, 1996
“ Getting Real” by Bob Frost, West Magazine,/San Jose Mercury News, Oct. 27, 1996
“ Spawn of Atari: sharpest scientists and programmers in the business”, by N. Montfort, Wired, October 1996
“ Virual Reality Then & Now” by Linda Jacobson, IRIS, Vol.36, Summer 1996
“ Locals love to visit their virtual town”, by D. Higgins, The Austrailian, Aug. 1996
Virtual Reality Adventure Log, , by H. Aramata, Just System , 1996
“ Virtual Auditoriums: Sharing VR in Small Groups”, by Louis Brill, Virtual Reality Special Report, Dec. 1995
“Modeling for Virtual Reality”, by D. Philips Mahoney, Computer Graphics World, Oct. 1995
“ What’s Next for Web Designer’s ? How About the Third Dimension” by H. Plotkin, Securities Industry Daily,
July 31, 1995
“ Virtuell Verklighet- en Amerikansk Realitet” , by Per Jonasson, Utlands Rapport, May, 1995 (Sweden)
“ Virtual Brewery Ferments in Tokyo”, by J. Spence, Zymurgy, Summer , 1995
“ E Realta la Birra Virtuale” by E. Bearzatto, Il Mondo della Birra, May, 1995 (Italy)
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“ A Day in the Life of a Beer” , by G. Loh, Spirit of Silcon Graphics, Ver. 2.0, April 1995
“ Immersione alcoolica” by Luca Pana, Virtual, March, 1995 (Italy)
“ VR Turns Brewery into a Great Date”, New Media, March, 1995
“ Virtual Brewery Adventure”, Media Report, Vol. 76, Sept., 1995 (Japan)
“ Menagerie”, Media Report, Vol. 76, Sept., 1995 (Japan)
“Jack into Virtual Reality”, CapeX, Vol.1, No.7, July 1995 (Japan)
“Scott Fisher” by Angela Buckert-Donelson, VR World, March, 1995
“ Telepresence Research Brews Virtual Experience”, by M. Bootes, Funworld, Jan. 1995
“ The Future”, Feature TV Presentation, TV Ontario Broadcast, 1994
“ Virtual Reality: Performance, Immersion, and the Thaw” by Jon McKenzie, The Drama Review, Winter, 1994.
“ Interactive Art”, InterCommunication, Vol. 7, Winter 1994
“ Eat, Drink, and Be Virtual”, Globe and Mail, Dec. 1, 1994 (Canada)
“Key Person 50” TV 2000, November, 25, 1994 (Japan)
“ One Hundred Top Computer People”, October 11, 1994 (Japan)
“ Warning: Today’s Museum Tour May Result in a Virtual Hangover”, by D.Hamilton, Wall Street Journal,
October 7, 1994
“Welcome to the Virtual Paradise, V.2.04”, by H. Nakamura, Login, No.22, Nov.18, 1994 (Japan)
“ Virtual Reality: The Second Generation”, Game, Vol. 5 , Jan. 1994. (Japan)
“VR From California: Scott Fisher” by E. Kashiwaya, Game, Vol. 5 , Jan. 1994. (Japan)
“And Not a Drop to Drink...”, by Ben Delaney, CyberEdge Journal, Sept. 1994.
“Human Networking Breeder”, by E. Kashiwaya in Multimedia for Direct Approaching the Scene, Digital
Shakai Kenkyukai, 1994
“ SIMTV”, Feature TV presentation, NHK Broadcast, Japan, 22 August, 1993
“ Il Profilo: Scott Fisher”, Realta Virtuale, No. 4, July-August, 1993 (Italy)
“ Interview: Scott Fisher” by Sandra Helsel, Virtual Reality Report,Vol 3, No.5 June 1993
“ VR, the Fusion of Computer Art” &“The Road to Revival to the Valley of Dreams“ Just Moai, May, 1993.
(Japan)
“ Marketing Virtual Reality”, by J.Donovan, Virtual Reality Systems, March, 1993
“ De la realite virtuelle consideree comme l’un des beaux-arts”, by R. Sussan, Le Monde Informatique, Feb.1,
1993 (France)
“ Revue Virtuelle No.4” , by Jean Segura, Sonovision, Feb. 1993 (France)
“ Teleportez-nous Scotty!” by D. Molson, Video/Camera” , Feb. 1993 (France)
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“ La Revue Virtuelle fait son “BOOM”” by Jean Segura, Le Magazin, no. 72, Jan. 1993. (France)
“ L’Homme Tranquille du Virtuel” by Jean Segura, Liberation, 6 Jan. 1993. (France)
Welcome to the Virtual Paradise, H. Nakata, Recca Sha + Interact Institute, 1993
“ Realite Virtuelle”, TV Feature presentation by Canadian Broadcasting Corp., Dec. 1992
“ The Media Vehicle for a New Dimension” by M. Takemura, Studio Voice, Vol 196 April 1992. (Japan)
“ Virtual Reality seeks practicality”, by C. Wilder, Computerworld, April 27, 1992
“ VR Business Taking Off: Remote Presence”, Nikkan Kougyou Shimbun, Feb.6, 1992 (Japan)
“Brief History and Timeline of VR”, Trigger, May, 1992. (Japan)
Tele-Existence and Virtual Reality, by S. Tachi, Nikkan Kougyou Shimbun, 1992 (Japan)
Virtual Technology Laboratory, by S. Tachi and M. Hirose, Kougyou Chousakai, 1992 (Japan)
“The VR Market in the US”, Nikkei Computer Graphics, Dec. 1991 (Japan)
"Specialists: A Robot That Lets The Mind Wander"; by Roger Highfield,The Daily Telegraph,, October 6, 1991
(UK)
“ Colonizing Cyberspace”, TV feature broadcast, BBC/Horizon , UK, April, 1991
What’s Virtual Reality, Katsura Hattori, Kougyou Chousakai, 1991 (Japan)
Artificial Reality II, by Myron Krueger, Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., 1991
Virtual Reality, by Howard Rheingold, Summit Books Division/Simon & Shuster, 1991
"An Earful Of 3-D Music"; By Karen Wright, Discover, December, 1990
“ Kunstliche Wirklichkeit”, Videotape produced by Institut fur Film und Bild in Wissenschaft und Unterricht,
Germany, 1990
“ Digital Dreams, BRT /Belgian TV Feature, Stefaan Decostere, Director, Sept. 1990
"Into New Worlds: Virtual Reality And The Electronic Musician"; By David (Rudy) Trubitt , Electric
Musician, July, 1990
“ NASA investigates graphics, audio, and touch generated by computer to seem just like the real world”,
Newton, Vol. 4, 1989 (Japan)
"Cad Voyages Through 'Virtual Reality': Cyberspace Travel"; By Richard Doherty, Electronic Enginering
Times, , July 17, 1989
"Spinoffs: Synthesizing Audio In 3-D"; IEEE Spectrum, . Coordinator: Katherine T. Chen, Consultant: Allan
E. Alcorn, Apple Computer Inc., December, 1989
"What Is Artificial Reality? Wear A Computer And See"; By Andrew W. Pollack, The New York Times,, April
10, 1989
“ Beyond Tomorrow”, Feature TV Presentation, Australian TV Broadcast, 1989
“ Fast Forward”, Feature TV Presentation, Australian TV Broadcast, 1988
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"New Electronic Glove Will Let You Move Robot Hand Like It's You Own - From Miles Away!"; By Ed
Susman, TheNational Enquirer, Vol. 62, No. 29, February 16, 1988
“ A System that Creates ‘Artificial Reality’”, Kagaku Asahi, Aug. 1988. (Japan)
"Through The Looking Glass"; By Robert Watkins, Computer Graphics World, January, 1988
“ Metase en su Ordenador!”, by M. Ruiz-Schwarzer, Muy Interesante, 1988 (Spain)
"The Information Age: Virtual Reality"; By Robert Wright, The Sciences, November/December, 1987
"Interfaces For Advanced Computing"; By James D. Foley, Scientific American, October, 1987
"Now, 'Artificial Reality' ";Newsweek, February 9, 1987
“ Beyond 2000”, Feature TV Presentation, Australian TV Broadcast, 1987
"See The Future? He's Touched It: Helmet, Glove Catapult Wearer Into Computer-Simulated Reality"; By
Stephen Robitaille , The San Jose Mercury News,, November 30, 1987
"Developments To Watch: Seeing Inside A Volcano - From Miles Away"; Edited By Otis Port, Business Week,
January 20, 1986
"Glove Designed To Work As Input Device"; By Scott Mace, Infoworld, June 9, 1986
"Helmet Of Dreams: Multisensory Simulator Makes Fantasy Seem Real"; By Jonathan Greer, The San Jose
Mercury News, Sunday, January 12, 1986
"Tomorrow Things: Products To Come Sooner And Later"; By John Amaral, Home Entertainment
"Wide Angle 3-D In New Nasa 'Teleporting' Helmet"; Stereo World, April, 1986
"You Are There - Well, Almost"; Excerpted From Photonics Spectra, April, 1986
"Leading Edge: Nasa Helmet Takes You To Other Worlds"; By J. E. Ferrell, San Francisco Examiner,
C/Spectra, Wednesday, July 2, 1986
"Nasa Launches 3-D Helmet: May Help Engineers Visualize Cae Images": By Richard Doherty , Electronic
Engineering Times,, Issue #364, January 13, 1986
Tools for Thought, by Howard Rheingold, Computer Book Division/Simon & Shuster, 1985
“ Use of Stereopsis at MIT”, Mini-Micro Systems, July, 1982
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BIOGRAPHY
Scott S. Fisher is a media artist, producer, and director whose work focuses primarily on immersive
environments and technologies of presence. Currently he is Chair of the Interactive Media Division in the
School of Cinema-Television at the University of Southern California. He is also President of Telepresence
Media, a production company focusing on the art and design of virtual environment and remote presence
experiences, and Project Professor in the Graduate School of Media and Governance at Keio University at
Shonan Fujisawa, Japan; From 1997 to 1999, he was Director of the Virtual Explorer Project in the Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry at the University of California, San Diego.
Mr. Fisher attended the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where he held a research fellowship at the
Center for Advanced Visual Studies from 1974 to1976 and was a member of the Architecture Machine Group
from 1978 to 1982. There he participated in development of the ‘Aspen Movie Map’, a surrogate travel
videodisc project, and several stereoscopic display systems for teleconferencing and telepresence applications.
He received the Master of Science degree in Media Technology from MIT in 1981 under thesis advisor
Nicholas Negroponte. His research interests focus primarily in stereoscopic imaging, immersive display
environments, and the development of interactive art installations and media technology for representing `firstperson' sensory experience.
From 1985 to 1990, Mr. Fisher was Founder and Director of the Virtual Environment Workstation Project
(VIEW) at NASA's Ames Research Center in which the objective was to develop a multisensory `virtual
environment’ workstation for use in Space Station teleoperation, telepresence and automation activities. The
VIEW Project developed the “goggle and glove” system most commonly associated with the term Virtual
Reality (VR), and pioneered the development of many other key VR technologies including head-coupled
displays, datagloves, and 3-D audio technology. In 1990, he co-founded Telepresence Research Inc. to continue
research on first-person media, and to develop Virtual Environment and Remote Presence experiences, systems,
and applications.
Prior to the Ames Research Center, Mr. Fisher has served as Research Scientist under Dr. Alan Kay with Atari
Corporation's Sunnyvale Research Laboratory and has provided consulting services for several other
corporations in the areas of spatial imaging and interactive display technology. He has taught numerous classes
and seminars on Interactive Media, Photography, and Stereoscopic Displays and has been an Artist in Residence
at MIT’s Center for Advanced Visual Studies, and Visiting Professor at UCLA School of the Arts and
Architecture. His work has been recognized internationally through numerous invited presentations,
professional publications and in the popular media with articles in publications such as the Wall Street Journal,
Time, New Media, Computerworld, Byte, Scientific American, VR World, Funworld, TDR, Liberation, Le
Monde, InterCommunication, Media Report, Nikkei Entertainment, Nikkei Computer Graphics, Login, Trigger,
Asahi Shimbun, Asahi Pasocom, Designer’s Workshop, Newton, Virtual, and many others. In addition, his
stereoscopic imagery and artwork has been exhibited in the US, Europe and Japan. Most recently, his works
have been shown in Paris at the Galeries Contemporaines of the Centre Georges Pompidou, and in the InfoArt
Pavilion at the ‘95 Kwanju Biennale in Korea.
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