Final Exam
Study Guide
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Know how to respond to an emergency and the steps taken in the scene size up in
regards to determining number of patients, establishing scene safety, requesting
additional resources, MOI/NOI, and determining necessity of C-spine stabilization.
Understand the management of a cardiac arrest victim during and after the event.
Review CPR guidelines for adult, child and infant to include compression to ventilation
ration, compression technique, FBAO, ventilation and compression rate and depth.
Know priorities of the EMT while on scene at a given scenario.
Recognize signs and symptoms of stress in the EMT and how to manage them.
Show when a DNR is valid, when to use it and what to do when there is a question
regarding validity.
Know assessment techniques and terms for airway, breathing and circulation.
Understand the signs and symptoms of respiratory distress and shock.
Review pediatric assessment criteria including normal vitals signs and methods of
obtaining them.
Use critical thinking to evaluate blood pressure phenomenon including how to have an
estimation of blood pressure without auscultation.
Recognize that pattern of assessment when given a scenario to the point you know
where you are at what you should manage next. KNOW YOUR ASSESSMENT
SHEETS!
Know when to perform a detail physical exam, a rapid trauma assessment, a focused
exam and what to look for.
Know the indications, contraindication and actions of nitroglycerin, epi-pen, puffers, oral
glucose and activated charcoal.
Review the anatomy of the respiratory, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, and neurological
systems.
Review medical / legal considerations that the EMT-Basic must deal with and incorporate
into patient care.
Know the differences between the types of law, the terms standard of care and scope of
practice and licensure vs registered content.
Know the signs and symptoms of respiratory distress and how serious they are for the
adult and pediatric patient.
Recognize the treatment needed for management of the airway based on a given
mechanism of injury or nature of illness.
Review assessment steps from BSI to Ongoing assessment including considerations how
it relates to the well-being of the EMT-B.
Review the steps in the delivery of the newborn.
Know the purpose of gaining a SAMPLE history, OPQRST, AVPU and DCAP-BTLS.
Understand the rationale and treatment of the following medical conditions:
o MI
o Anaphylaxis vs. allergic reaction
o COPD
o Asthma
o Pediatric respiratory distress concerns
Have a well based knowledge of when to use a non-rebreather, a BVM, and a nasal
cannula.
Review the stages of grief and know what the common responses are in each of the
stages.
Know how to assess for adequate ventilations, breathing and respiratory status.
Know the reason for triage and how to triage patients using the START system.
Know the purpose and procedure for an AED, a suction unit and pulse oximeter.
Review considerations, concerns and treatment for the conditions in the acronym DCAPBTLS.
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Know the steps in a patient refusal and the time when it is appropriate to allow a patient
to refuse medical care.
Be able to distinguish between types of lungs sounds and what each lung sound heard
equates to as it relates to patient condition.
Understand the steps in assessing a pediatric patient for each age group.
Know the signs and symptoms and treatment of different ingested, injected, absorbed
and inhaled poisons.
Know the process, including all of the rights, to medication administration.
Review assessment steps based on patient condition and presentation.
Review BLS considerations and assessment including the links in the chain of survival
and what each corresponds to.
Review trauma considerations and treatments based on mechanism of injury.
Again, KNOW the STEPS of ASSESSMENT and the ORDER in which they are
PERFROMED!!!
Review the operation, indications, contraindications, major problems and other issues
associated with the use of the AED.
Know the proper assessment and treatment for diabetic emergencies, seizures and other
altered mental status emergencies based on signs and symptoms and the treatment
already provided.
Recognize trauma emergencies and proper treatment needed based on mechanism and
general impression.
Review Hazmat concerns and proper procedures that should be taken from the training
you have received as an EMT-B.
Know the assessment and treatment of open wounds, closed wounds, impaled objects
and other soft tissue injuries.
Recognize safety concerns in the patient experiencing a behavioral and/or psychological
emergency and the proper treatment needed in each circumstance.
Review assessment and treatment of preterm obstetrical emergencies including the most
common complications and some common gynecological emergencies.
Review the assessment and treatment of neonatal emergencies and the treatment of
mom in the postnatal period.
Review the inverted pyramid of neonatal resuscitation and know the treatments involved.
Understand the process and rationale for splinting extremities given a patient care
scenario.
Review the indications and contraindications to helmet removal.
Understand the difference between adult and pediatric patients as it relates to anatomy
and physiology.
Know normal vital signs including pulse, respirations and blood pressures based on age.
Review the procedure for the administration of nitroglycerin, epinephrine auto-injectors,
activated charcoal, and prescribed inhalers.
Know the common and secondary pressure points used to control bleeding in the upper
and lower extremities.
Know the treatments for environmental emergencies including heat and cold
emergencies at the differing severity of each.
Review the signs and symptoms of hypoperfusion and the different causes of shock.
Include the treatment of each type of shocks including indications and contraindications
of the PASG.
Know how to assess vitals on any type of patient that may be presented including adults,
pediatric, infants and other special situations.
Know how to complete a thorough neurological exam for head injuries, strokes and other
neurological conditions.
Review proper BSI and which items to use given a patient scenario.
BE PREPARED FOR SCENARIO BASED QUESTIONS!!!