Flexible PGCE Mathematics Course Pre-Course Information Congratulations on attaining a place on the Flexible PGCE Course in Secondary Mathematics. The course is demanding, and will challenge you in a variety of ways, but will also provide a rewarding and fulfilling entry to your teaching career. The Course leader for the Flexible PGCE Mathematics course is Felix Obadan. His office is located on the second floor of the MATEC building. Enquiries prior to the start of the course should be directed to Felix on 01695 584073. Prior to commencing the course, we would strongly recommend you begin to raise your awareness of certain issues around general education, the role of a teacher in the secondary sector and the new secondary Mathematics curriculum. Some suggestions are given below on how this can be achieved. Hopefully, most of you will already have spent some time in schools, observing lessons. If you have not done this or your opportunities have been limited, then the best preparation that you can do for this course is to spend some time in a school. Obviously, it is particularly valuable to watch good teachers teaching mathematics, but there is also much to be gained from working with good teachers in other secondary subjects or in primary schools. These observations will provide an invaluable insight into classroom management skills, behaviour management and assessment skills as well as other expectations required of an education professional. You should also begin to deepen your awareness of educational issues by reading the Times Educational Supplement (TES) (published on Fridays), the Education Guardian (published on Tuesdays) and visiting relevant websites such as NCETM, ATM and BBC Education. There is no requirement to purchase any books for this course. However, a certain amount of pre-course reading would be very valuable. Some recommended texts are detailed below. The text is bold is highly recommended. Goulding M (2004) Tanner H & Jones S (2000) Gates P (ed) (2001) Haggerty L (2001) Johnston-Wilder S, JohnstonWilder P, Pimm D, Westwell J (2005) Nickson M (2000) Perks P & Prestage S (2001) Chambers P (2008) Fleming P (2004) Clarke S (2005) Cowley, S. (2010) Learning to Teach Mathematics: Becoming a Successful Teacher of Mathematics Issues in Mathematics Teaching: Aspects of Teaching Secondary Mathematics Learning to Teach Mathematics in the Secondary School: A Companion to School Experience Teaching and Learning Mathematics ) Adapting and Extending Secondary Mathematics Activities, Teaching Mathematics Becoming a Secondary School Teacher Formative Assessment in the Secondary Classroom Getting the Buggers to Behave David Fulton RoutledgeFalmer RoutledgeFalmer RoutledgeFalmer RoutledgeFalmer Cassell David Fulton Sage Publications David Fulton Hodder Murray Continuum Publishing Corporation The links below are organisations that offer a wealth of useful resources for mathematics teaching. http://www.m-a.org.uk (Mathematical Association site) http://www.ncetm.org.uk (National Centre for Excellence in the Teaching of Mathematics) http://nrich.maths.org.uk/ (An online mathematics club) http://www.stemnet.org.uk/ (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics Network) Historically students have been extremely positive about their experiences on the Flexible PGCE Mathematics course - both in university and in school. Partnership arrangements with local schools are strong, and students value highly the help and support that they receive during the year from a wide range of professionals. The PGCE course offers further opportunities for you to develop your subject knowledge. Included below is a list of the ‘Core content for AS and A2 level’. Try to audit your own skills against the statements listed. It will help you to identify gaps in your knowledge, which you can then work on prior to starting the course. Again, any AS / A2 Mathematics textbook would help with this. Core content material for AS and A2 examinations is listed here. No furthe r work Proof Algebra and Functions a) Construction and presentation of rigorous mathematical arguments through appropriate use of precise statements and logical deduction b) Correct understanding and use of mathematical language and grammar, in respect of terms such as “equals”, “identically equals”, “therefore”, “because”, “implies”, “is implied by”, “necessary”, “sufficient”, and notation such as and c) Methods of proof, including proof by contradiction and disproof by counter example. a) Laws of indices for all rational exponents b) Use and manipulation of surds c) Quadratic functions and their graphs. The discriminant of a quadratic function. Completing the square. Solution of quadratic equations. d) Simultaneous equations: one linear and one quadratic, analytical solution by substitution e) Solution of linear and quadratic inequalities f) Algebraic manipulation of polynomials, including expanding and collecting like terms, and factorisation; simplification of rational expressions including factorising and cancelling, and algebraic division. g) Domain and range of functions. Some furthe r work A lot of further work Co-ordinate geometry in the (x, y) plane Sequences and series Composition of functions. Inverse functions. h) Graphs of functions and their inverses; curves defined by simple equations. Geometrical interpretation of algebraic solution of equations. Use of intersection points of graphs of functions to solve equations. I) The modulus function. j) Knowledge of the effect of simple transformations on the graph of y = f(x) as represented by y=af(x),y=f(x)+a,y=f(x + a),y = f(ax) and combinations of these transformations. k) Rational functions. Partial fractions (denominators not more complicated than repeated linear terms) l) The Remainder Theorem (including the Factor Theorem). a) Equation of a straight line in the forms y – y1 = m (x-x1) and ax + by + c = 0. Conditions for two straight lines to be parallel or perpendicular to each other b) Co-ordinate geometry of the circle. Equation of a circle in the form (x-a)2+(yb)2=r2 c) Cartesian and parametric equations of curves and conversion between the two forms a) Sequences, including those given by a formula for the nth term, and those generated by a simple recurrence relation of the form xn+1 = f(xn). b) Arithmetic series, including the formula for the sum of the first n natural numbers. c) The sum of a finite geometric series; the sum to infinity of a convergent geometric series. d) Binomial expansion of (1+x)n for positive n integer n. The notations n! and r Trigonomet ry e) Binomial series for any rational n. a) Radian measure. Arc length, area of sector b) Sine, cosine and tangent functions. Their graphs, symmetries and periodicity c) Knowledge of secant, cosecant and cotangent and of arcsin, arccos and arctan. Their relationships to sine, cosine, and tangent. Understanding of their final graphs and appropriate restricted domains. d) Knowledge and use of formulae for sin2 +cos2 =1 and its equivalents. Exponential s and logarithms Differentiati on e) Knowledge and use of formulae for sin A B , cos A B and tan A B ; of double angle formulae; and of expressions for acos + bsin in the equivalent forms of r cos a or rsin a . f) Solution of simple trigonometric equations in a given interval. a) The function ex and its graph b) Exponential growth and decay c) The function lnx and its graph : lnx as the inverse function of ex. Laws of logarithms. d) The solution of equations of the form ax = b. a) The derivative of f(x) as the gradient of the tangent to y = f (x) at a point; the gradient of the tangent as a limit; interpretation as a rate of change; second order derivatives. b) differentiation of xn, ex, ln x and their sums and differences; differentiation of sinx, cosx, tanx and their sums and differences. c) Applications of differentiation to gradients, tangents and normals, maxima and minima and stationary points, increasing and decreasing functions. d) Differentiation using the product rule, the quotient rule, the chain rule and by the use of dy 1 dx dx dy Integration Numerical methods e) Differentiation of simple functions defined implicitly or parametrically f) Formation of simple differential equations. a) Indefinite integration as the reverse of differentiation. b) Integration of xn, ex, 1/x, integration of sinx, cosx c) Evaluation of definite integrals. Interpretation of the definite integral as the area under a curve. d) Evaluation of volume of revolution. e) Simple cases of integration by substitution and integration by parts. These methods as the reverse processes of the chain and product rules respectively. f) Simple cases of integration using partial fractions g) Analytical solution of simple first order differential equations with separable variables. a) Location of roots of f(x) = 0 by considering changes of sign of f(x) in an interval of x in which f(x) is continuous b) Approximate solutions of equations using simple iterative methods; Vectors c) Numerical integration of functions (eg using trapezium rule) a) Vectors in two and three dimensions b) Magnitude of a vector. c) Algebraic operations of vector addition and multiplication by scalars, and their geometrical interpretations. d) Position vectors. The distance between two points. Vector equations of lines e) The scalar product. Its use for calculating the angle between two lines. Once again, congratulations and I wish you the very best on your chosen course of study. Please contact me using the details below. Felix Obadan Course Leader, Flexible PGCE Mathematics 01695 584073 Email: obadafe@edgehill.ac.uk