Virtual Pig Dissection
Name:________________________
Date: ___________ Period:_____
Open the following Virtual Pig Dissection Web site:
http://www.whitman.edu/biology/vpd/main.html
If your computer does not have Shockwave you need to download it from this site.
This website has two parts: Anatomical Explorations of each system and Quizzes.
Complete the following Explorations: ‘Anatomical References, Sexing your pig, Digestive System, Excretory System,
Circulatory System, Reproductive System, Respiratory System, Nervous System.
Anatomical References Study Guide:
*Click on each set of anatomical references and study carefully*
Open the Anatomical References Quiz: (If you did not earn a PERFECT score, do it again!)
Number correct: __________________ Number incorrect: __________________
Sexing Your Pig Study Guide:
Click on “Is it a male”
1. What do males lack?
2. The Urogenital tract opens near the _________________________________.
Click on “Is it a female”
1. Only females have this structure beneath the tail.
Open the Sexing Your Pig Quiz: (T/F)
1.
2.
3.
4.
An easy way to determine the sex of a fetal pig is to check for the absence or presence of nipples?_______
Only the male fetal pig has a Urogenital opening. ________
The male fetal pig has a developing scrotal sac, a penis, and a Urogenital papillae. ________
Pictured is a female fetal pig. ________
Open the Digestive System Exploration:
Click on “The head of the pig”
1. What are the paired nares commonly called and what is their function?
2. What is the function of the papillae?
Click on” Inside the oral cavity”
3. Where is the epiglottis located
4. How do you determine the difference between the hard and soft palates?
Click on the “abdominal cavity”
5. Sketch how you should open of the abdominal cavity of the fetal pig?
Now click on “Abdomen”, “Cutting deeper”, and “Through the Peritoneal Membrane”
6. Which organs are highlighted on the picture once the cut is made through the peritoneal membrane
Click on ” Inside the Abdomen”
7. How will the intestines of omnivores (pigs) differ from carnivores?
8. What occurs inside the small intestine?
9. What occurs inside the large intestine?
Click on “Gall Bladder”
10. What is the location and function of the gall bladder?
Click on “Remove the liver”
11. What does the diaphragm separate and what is it’s critical role?
Click on “Stomach and spleen”
12. What is the function of the pyloric sphincter?
13. What is the function of the rugae?
14. Which organ is associated with the immune system and breaks down expired red blood cells
Click on “Rectum, umbilical arteries, pancreas”
15. What is the function of the umbilical arteries?
16. Why is the pancreas important?
17. What is the most distal section of the large intestine that stores feces?
Click on “Mesentery”
18. Why is the mesentery a purplish color and what is its responsibility?
Open the Digestive System Quiz: (If you did not earn a PERFECT score, do it again!)
1. These ridges in the stomach allow the stomach to expand and hold more food for digestion. ___________________
2. The _____________________ gland secretes some of the first enzymes in the digestion process.
3. Located on the tongue of the pig. The sensory _________________________ are responsible for the sense of taste.
4. The ______________________ sphincter controls the movement of food from the stomach to the small intestine.
5. This structure appears purplish due to the close proximity of the veins and arteries running through it.
_____________________________
6. It is the ___________ bladder that stores and concentrates bile for release into the stomach.
Click on “forward”
7. The _____________ intestine helps finish the digestive process by reabsorbing water and creating fecal matter.
8. The _____________ intestine is the main structure responsible for the absorption of essential nutrients into the body.
9. This structure stores fecal matter prior to excretion. __________________.
10. This small structure takes in red blood cells and other cells and breaks them down to recycle back to the body.
________________________.
11. The paired _________________ are holes in the snout of the pig that facilitate breathing while warming incoming air.
12. This organ manufactures digestive juices and enzymes to help all portions of the digestive process.
________________________.
Click on “Forward”
1. ___________________________________
2. ___________________________________
3. ___________________________________
4. ___________________________________
5. ___________________________________
6. ___________________________________
Open the Excretory System Exploration:
Click on “Kidneys”
1. What are the kidneys responsible for?
2. What else do the kidneys do?
Click on “view the internal structure of the kidney here”
3. What is the function of the ureters?
Click on “Perform the incision”
4. What are the 3 regions of the kidney? What is each responsible for?
5. How does urine exit the bladder?
Click on “Renal blood vessels”
6. What is the function of the renal veins and renal arteries?
Click on “Ureters”
7. What is found in the urine formed by the kidneys?
Click on “Bladder”
8. What is the function of the urinary bladder?
9. How does urine exit the bladder?
Open the Excretory System Quiz:
You must complete Part 1 correctly to move on to Part 2. You must complete Part 2 correctly to move on
to Part 3.
Part 3: Draw how the parts of the puzzle for the excretory system fit together properly in the space below.
Open the Respiratory System Exploration :
1.
Trace the pathway by listing the structures air takes going into the pig’s body.
2.
How is carbon dioxide removed and replaced with oxygen in the respiratory system?
Click on “Trachea”
3. What is the function of the trachea and why does it have cartilaginous rings?
Click on “The lungs”, “Lung (removed)”, and “Lung Cross Section”
4. Explain the path of air after it enters the trachea.
Click on “The bronchi”
5. How would you identify the difference between primary bronchus and secondary bronchi? What is the
smallest passage in the lung?
Click on “Diaphragm”
6. What does the diaphragm separate?
7. Explain how the diaphragm facilitates air into and out of the lungs.
Open the Respiratory System Quiz:
What are the functions for the following (according to the quiz):
Lungs –
Bronchi –
Diaphragm –
Nares –
Trachea –
Number 1-10 the order in which the O2 and CO2 travel in this diagram. (NOTE: You may need to put more
than one number in a box.
Open the Circulatory System Exploration:
1.
What is the circulatory system responsible for? Also explain its role in homeostasis.
Click on “here”
2. What does the thymus gland do? What happens to it later in life?
Click on “The heart and lungs”
3. What does the coronary artery do in the circulatory system?
4.
What causes heart attacks?
Click on “The heart and lungs removed”, “The aorta”
5. Which chamber of the heart pumps blood into the aorta? Is this blood oxygenated or deoxygenated?
Click on “Pig heart cross section”
6. What is the reason why the ventricles and atria are separated by septa?
Click on “Cow heart”, Cow heart cross section”
7. Trace the pathway blood takes from the body, through the heart, and back to the body.
Click on “The aortic valve”, Chordae tendinae
8.
Explain the function of the atrio-ventricular (AV) valves and how the chordae tendinae are associated with
this.
Open the Circulatory System Quiz:
Write the correct sequence for the flow of blood.
1.
___________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________
4. ___________________________________________
5. ___________________________________________
6. ___________________________________________
7. ___________________________________________
Open the Reproductive System Exploration:
Click on “Female”, “Ovary”
1. What are the functions of the ovaries?
Click on “Oviduct”
2. What is the function of the oviduct (fallopian tube in humans)?
Click on “uterus”
3. What does the egg do once it reaches the uterus?
Click on “Back to Reproductive System”
Click on “Male”, “Penis”, “Penis dissected further”, “Testis”
3. What is the function of the seminiferous tubules in the testes?
4.
Explain the path the sperm will take as it exits the body.
Click on “Epididymis”
5. What is the function of the epididymis?
*Close the Reproductive System Study Guide*
Open the Reproductive System Quiz:
1. ___________________________________
2. ___________________________________
3. ___________________________________
Click on “Continue”
1. ___________________________________
2. ___________________________________
3. ___________________________________
4. ___________________________________
5. ___________________________________
Click on “Continue”
1. ___________________________________
2. ___________________________________
3. ___________________________________
4. ___________________________________
5. ___________________________________
Click on “Continue”
1. ___________________________________
2. ___________________________________
3. ___________________________________
4. ___________________________________
5. ___________________________________
Click on “Continue*
1. ___________________ contain eggs and release sex hormones.
2. The principle sex hormone of the male is ____________________________.
3. The fetus develops in the _______________________________.
4. These tubes carry sperm from the testes to the urethra. ___________________________.
5. Fertilization normally occurs in the _____________________________.
6. _______________________________ produce sperm and secretes sex hormones.
Open the Nervous System Exploration:
Click on “here”, “Cranium”, “Brain”*
1. What is the 3 layered membrane which covers the newly exposed brain?
2. Where is cerebrospinal fluid produced?
Click on “Brain (removed)”
3. What is the function for each of the following lobes:
Frontal:
Parietal:
Occipital:
Temporal:
Click on “Brain (ventral view)”
4. What is the result of the large olfactory lobes in the pigs brain?
5. How is the brain stem critical to life functions?
6. What is the medulla used for?
Click on “Mid-saggital view of left brain”
7. What is the function of the thalmus?
Click on “Cervical region”
8. How is the cervical region of the spine identified?
9. Why is the vertebral column important?
Click on “Neck”
10. Why are the dorsal neck muscles of the pig so important?
Click on “Spinal cord”
11. What comprises the central nervous system? How is it important?
Click on “Lumbar region”
12. What does the lumbar region provide and where does it extend?
Click on “Vertebrae”
13. The spinal nerves enter and exit the spinal cord through gaps between two vertebrae. What do these nerves
do?
Click on “Lower spinal cord”, “Spinal nerves”
14. Describe the spinal nerves.
15. How do the cranial nerves compare to spinal nerves?
Open the Nervous System Quiz:
1.
________________________________
2. _________________________________
3. _________________________________
4. _________________________________
5. _________________________________
6. _________________________________
7. _________________________________
8. _________________________________
Click on “Continue”
For this activity identify where the impulse (arrow) was placed:
Yummy food:
1. ______________________________ (start)
2. ______________________________
3. ______________________________
4. ______________________________
Steps on a sharp rock:
1. ______________________________ (start)
2. ______________________________
3. ______________________________
4. ______________________________
5. ______________________________
6. ______________________________