Lista podstawowych poleceń systemu linux. Na podstawie
http://www.computerhope.com/unix/overview.htm
alias
ar
arch
awk
bash
bc
bg
break
cal
cat
cc
cd
chdir
chfn
chgrp
chmod
chown
chsh
cksum
clear
cmp
continue
cp
cpio
cut
date
df
diff
dmesg
dos2unix
du
echo
emacs
env
exit
expr
fg
file
find
finger
for
foreach
fsck
ftp
Create a name for another command or long command string.
Maintain portable archive or library.
Display the architecture of the current host.
Awk script processing program.
Command Bourne interpreter.
Calculator.
Continues a program running in the background.
Break out of while, for, foreach, or until loop.
Calendar.
View and/or modify a file.
C compiler.
Change directory.
Change directory.
Modify user information.
Change a groups access to a file or directory.
Change the permission of a file.
Change the ownership of a file.
Change login shell.
Display and calculate a CRC for files.
Clears screen.
Compare files.
Break out of while, for, foreach, or until loop.
Copy files.
Creates archived CPIO files.
Cut out selected fields of each line of a file.
Tells you the date and time in Unix.
Display the available disk space for each mount.
Displays two files and prints the lines that are different.
Print or control the kernel ring buffer.
Converts text files between DOS and Unix formats.
Tells you how much space a file occupies.
Displays text after echo to the terminal.
Text editor.
Displays environment variables.
Exit from a program, shell or log you out of a Unix network.
Evaluate arguments as an expression.
Continues a stopped job by running it in the foreground.
Tells you if the object you are looking at is a file or if it is a directory.
Finds one or more files assuming that you know their approximate filenames.
Lists information about the user.
Shell built-in loop.
Shell built-in loop.
Check and repair a Linux file system.
Enables ftp access to another terminal.
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grep
groupadd
groupdel
groupmod
gunzip
gvim
gzip
halt
head
help
history
host
hostid
hostname
id
ifconfig
jobs
kill
less
ln
locate
login
logout
lp
lpq
lpr
lprm
lpstat
ls
mail
make
man
mesg
mkdir
mkfs
more
mount
mv
netstat
nice
nohup
Finds text within a file.
Creates a new group account.
Enables a super user or root to remove a group.
Enables a super user or root to modify a group.
Expand compressed files.
A programmers text editor.
Compress files.
Stop the computer.
Displays the first ten lines of a file, unless otherwise stated.
Online help documentation.
Display the history of commands typed.
DNS lookup utility.
Prints the numeric identifier for the current host.
Set or print name of current host system.
Shows you the numeric user and group ID on BSD.
Sets up network interfaces.
List the jobs currently running in the background.
Cancels a job.
Opposite of the more command.
Creates a link to a file.
List files in databases that match a pattern.
Signs into a new system.
Logs out of a system.
Prints a file on System V systems.
Lists the status of all the available printers.
Submits print requests.
Removes print requests from the print queue.
Lists status of the LP print services.
Lists the contents of a directory.
One of the ways that allows you to read/send E-Mail.
Executes a list of shell commands associated with each target.
Display a manual of a command.
Control if non-root users can send text messages to you.
Create a directory.
Build a Linux file system, usually a hard disk partition.
Displays text one screen at a time.
Disconnects a file systems and remote resources.
Renames a file or moves it from one directory to another directory.
Shows network status.
Invokes a command with an altered scheduling priority.
Runs a command even if the session is disconnected or the user logs out.
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passwd
ping
poweroff
ps
pwd
quit
reboot
rm
rmdir
sed
seq
set
setenv
sftp
sh
shred
shutdown
sleep
sort
split
stat
su
tail
talk
tac
tar
time
top
touch
tr
traceroute
umask
unalias
uname
uncompress
uniq
unmount
untar
until
useradd
userdel
usermod
vacation
vi
vim
Allows you to change your password.
Sends ICMP ECHO REQUEST packets to network hosts.
Stop the computer.
Reports the process status.
Print the current working directory.
Allows you to exit from a program, shell or log you out of a Unix network.
Stop the computer.
Deletes a file without confirmation (by default).
Deletes a directory.
Allows you to use pre-recorded commands to make changes to text.
Print a sequence of numbers.
Set the value of an environment variable.
Set the value of an environment variable.
Secure file transfer program.
Runs or processes jobs through the Bourne shell.
Delete a file securely, first overwriting it to hide its contents.
Turn off the computer immediately or at a specified time.
Waits a x amount of seconds.
Sorts the lines in a text file.
Split a file into pieces.
Display file or filesystem status.
Become super user or another user.
Delivers the last part of the file.
Talk with other logged in users.
Concatenate and print files in reverse.
Create tape archives and add or extract files.
Used to time a simple command.
Display Linux tasks.
Change file access and modification time.
Translate characters.
Print the route packets take to network host.
Get or set the file mode creation mask.
Remove an alias.
Print name of current system.
Uncompressed compressed files.
Report or filter out repeated lines in a file.
Crates a file systems and remote resources.
Create tape archives and add or extract files.
Execute a set of actions while/until conditions are evaluated TRUE.
Create a new user or updates default new user information.
Remove a users account.
Modify a users account.
Reply to mail automatically.
Screen-oriented (visual) display editor based on ex.
A programmers text editor.
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w
wc
whereis
while
which
who
whois
write
X
xset
xterm
xrdb
Show who is logged on and what they are doing.
Displays a count of lines, words, and characters in a file.
Locate a binary, source, and manual page files for a command.
Repetitively execute a set of actions while/until conditions are evaluated TRUE.
Locate a command.
Displays who is on the system.
Internet user name directory service.
Send a message to another user.
Execute the X windows system.
User preference utility for X.
Terminal emulator for X.
X server resource database utility.
Dodatkowo obowiązuje
• cała składnia basha (http://tldp.org/LDP/abs/abs-guide.pdf)
• cała składnia awk
• cała składnia sed
Patrz też przykłady na:
http://www.pixelbeat.org/cmdline.html
http://www.linuxguide.it/commands_list.php?Choose_Language:Polish
http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/debian/chapter/book/appe_01.html
Literatura:
• Alan Hicks i inni,
Slackware Linux Essentials 2nd ed. (czyli: SlackBook 2.0),
www.slackware.com.
• M. Camou, J. Goerzen, A. Van Couwenberghe,
Debian Linux. Księga eksperta, Helion 2001.
• D.J. Barrett, R.E. Silverman, R.G. Byrnes,
Linux. Bezpieczeństwo. Receptury, Helion 2003.
• C. Newham, B. Rosenblatt,
bash. Wprowadzenie, Helion 2006.
• E. Foster-Johnson, J.C. Welch, M. Anderson,
Od podstaw. Skrypty powłoki, Helion 2006.
• wykład (będzie udostępniony pod koniec semestru)
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