Central Victorian Uplands bioregion
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EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 3: Damp Sands Herb-rich Woodland Description: A low, grassy or bracken-dominated eucalypt forest or open woodland to 15 m tall with a large shrub layer and ground layer rich in herbs, grasses, and orchids. Occurs mainly on flat or undulating areas on moderately fertile, relatively well-drained, deep sandy or loamy topsoils over heavier subsoils (duplex soils). Large trees: Species DBH(cm) 70 cm Eucalyptus spp. Tree Canopy Cover: %cover 15% #/ha 15 / ha Character Species Eucalyptus ovata Eucalyptus viminalis Understorey: Life form Immature Canopy Tree Understorey Tree or Large Shrub Medium Shrub Small Shrub Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Ground Fern Bryophytes/Lichens Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark #Spp 2 3 3 16 7 1 10 2 1 na Common Name Swamp Gum Manna Gum %Cover 5% 10% 10% 5% 20% 15% 10% 15% 10% 10% 10% LF code IT T MS SS MH SH LTG MTG MNG GF BL EVC 3: Damp Sands Herb-rich Woodland – Central Victorian Uplands bioregion LF Code T MS MS MS MS SS SS SS MH MH MH MH SH SH SH SH LTG LTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MNG GF Species typical of at least part of EVC range Acacia mearnsii Bursaria spinosa Acacia verticillata Ozothamnus ferrugineus Leptospermum continentale Pimelea humilis Lissanthe strigosa ssp. subulata Hibbertia riparia Geranium solanderi s.l. Drosera peltata ssp. auriculata Hydrocotyle foveolata Acaena novae-zelandiae Drosera whittakeri ssp. aberrans Oxalis exilis Viola cleistogamoides Opercularia ovata Austrostipa rudis ssp. nervosa Juncus pallidus Poa sieberiana var. sieberiana Lomandra filiformis ssp. coriacea Austrodanthonia racemosa var. racemosa Lomandra filiformis Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Pteridium esculentum Common Name Black Wattle Sweet Bursaria Prickly Moses Tree Everlasting Prickly Tea-tree Common Rice-flower Peach Heath Erect Guinea-flower Austral Cranesbill Tall Sundew Yellow Pennywort Bidgee-widgee Scented Sundew Shady Wood-sorrel Hidden Violet Broad-leaf Stinkweed Veined Spear-grass Pale Rush Grey Tussock-grass Wattle Mat-rush Stiped Wallaby-grass Wattle Mat-rush Weeping Grass Austral Bracken Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 40 % cover Logs: 15 m/0.1 ha. Weediness: LF Code T MH MH LNG MTG MTG MTG MNG Typical Weed Species Pinus radiata Leontodon taraxacoides ssp. taraxacoides Hypochoeris radicata Holcus lanatus Anthoxanthum odoratum Juncus microcephalus Briza maxima Aira caryophyllea Common Name Radiata Pine Hairy Hawkbit Cat's Ear Yorkshire Fog Sweet Vernal-grass Tiny-headed Rush Large Quaking-grass Silvery Hair-grass Invasive low high high high high low high high Impact high low low high high low low low Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 6: Sand Heathland Description: Treeless heathland (or with scattered emergent mallee-form eucalypts) occurring on deep infertile sands. Consists of a low, dense heathy shrub layer and a number of sedges and sedge-like species. + eucalypt woodland only components (ignore when assessing shrublands and standardise site condition score as required) Large trees+: Species DBH(cm) Eucalyptus spp. 50 cm Tree Canopy Cover+: %cover Character Species 10% Common Name Eucalyptus obliqua Life Forms: Life form Immature Canopy Tree+ Medium Shrub Small Shrub Prostrate Shrub Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Large Non-tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Ground Fern Scrambler or Climber Bryophytes/Lichens Soil Crust Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark #/ha 15 / ha Messmate #Spp %Cover LF code 6 8 3 3 2 2 1 6 1 1 3 na na 5% 30% 20% 5% 5% 5% 10% 5% 15% 1% 1% 5% 10% 10% IT MS SS PS MH SH LTG LNG MTG MNG GF SC BL S/C EVC 6: Sand Heathland – Central Victorian Uplands bioregion LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Banksia marginata Aotus ericoides Leptospermum myrsinoides Leptospermum continentale Platylobium obtusangulum Isopogon ceratophyllus Pimelea humilis Tetratheca ciliata Acrotriche serrulata Gompholobium ecostatum Astroloma humifusum Chamaescilla corymbosa Goodenia geniculata Drosera peltata ssp. auriculata Viola cleistogamoides Gahnia sieberiana Xanthorrhoea australis Austrostipa mollis Gahnia radula Lomandra filiformis Schoenus apogon r Lepidosperma canescens Austrodanthonia setacea Hypolaena fastigiata Schoenus breviculmis Lindsaea linearis Cassytha pubescens s.s. Cassytha glabella MS MS MS MS SS SS SS SS PS PS PS MH MH MH SH LTG LTG LTG LNG MTG MTG MTG MTG MNG TTG GF SC SC Common Name Silver Banksia Common Aotus Heath Tea-tree Prickly Tea-tree Common Flat-pea Horny Cone-bush Common Rice-flower Pink-bells Honey-pots Dwarf Wedge-pea Cranberry Heath Blue Squill Bent Goodenia Tall Sundew Hidden Violet Red-fruit Saw-sedge Austral Grass-tree Supple Spear-grass Thatch Saw-sedge Wattle Mat-rush Common Bog-sedge Hoary Rapier-sedge Bristly Wallaby-grass Tassel Rope-rush Matted Bog-sedge Screw Fern Downy Dodder-laurel Slender Dodder-laurel Recruitment: Episodic/Fire. Desirable period between disturbances is 30 years. Organic Litter: 20% cover Logs: 15 m/0.1 ha. Weediness: There are no consistent weeds in this EVC. Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment December 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 7: Clay Heathland Description: Occurs on sites with impeded drainage, often on duplex soils. Dominated by heathy shrub species with occasional emergent eucalypts. The ground layer is dense and diverse with a variety of landforms. + woodland only components (ignore when assessing treeless areas and standardise final score as appropriate) Large trees+: Species Eucalyptus spp. DBH(cm) #/ha 40 cm 10 / ha Tree Canopy Cover+: %cover Character Species 10% Understorey: Life form Medium Shrub Small Shrub Prostrate Shrub Medium Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Large Non-tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Bryophytes/Lichens Soil Crust LF Code MS MS MS MS SS SS SS SS PS PS PS PS MH MH MH MH SH LTG LTG LNG MTG MTG MTG MTG MNG MNG MNG Common Name Eucalyptus dives Eucalyptus macrorhyncha Eucalyptus mannifera Broad-leaved Peppermint Red Stringybark Brittle Gum #Spp 9 6 3 8 4 1 7 2 na na Species typical of at least part of EVC range Epacris impressa Leptospermum continentale Banksia marginata Cassinia longifolia Kunzea parvifolia Pimelea humilis Gompholobium huegelii Dillwynia phyllicoides Acrotriche serrulata Bossiaea prostrata Pultenaea procumbens Boronia nana Lagenophora gracilis Gonocarpus tetragynus Hypericum gramineum Viola betonicifolia ssp. betonicifolia Mitrasacme serpyllifolia Deyeuxia quadriseta Xanthorrhoea minor ssp. lutea Gahnia radula Schoenus apogon Poa sieberiana Lepidosperma laterale Themeda triandra Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Caustis flexuosa Echinopogon ovatus Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark %Cover 30% 10% 5% 10% 10% 5% 10% 5% 10% 10% LF code MS SS PS MH LTG LNG MTG MNG BL S/C Common Name Common Heath Prickly Tea-tree Silver Banksia Shiny Cassinia Violet Kunzea Common Rice-flower Common Wedge-pea Small-leaf Parrot-pea Honey-pots Creeping Bossiaea Heathy Bush-pea Dwarf Boronia Slender Bottle-daisy Common Raspwort Small St John's Wort Showy Violet Thyme Mitrewort Reed Bent-grass Small Grass-tree Thatch Saw-sedge Common Bog-sedge Grey Tussock-grass Variable Sword-sedge Kangaroo Grass Weeping Grass Curly Wig Common Hedgehog-grass EVC 7: Clay Heathland - Central Victorian Uplands bioregion Recruitment: Episodic/Fire. Desirable period between disturbances is 30 years. Organic Litter: 20% Cover Weediness: LF Code MH Typical Weed Species Hypochoeris radicata Common Name Invasive Impact Cat's Ear high low Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment December 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 16: Lowland Forest Description: Eucalypt forest to 20 m tall on relatively fertile, moderately well-drained soils in areas of relatively high rainfall. Characterised by the diversity of life forms and species in the understorey including a range of shrubs, grasses and herbs. Large trees: Species DBH(cm) 70 cm Eucalyptus spp. Tree Canopy Cover: %cover 30% #/ha 20 / ha Character Species Common Name Bundy Brown Stringybark Red Box Messmate Stringybark Yertchuk Eucalyptus goniocalyx s.l Eucalyptus baxteri s.l Eucalyptus polyanthemos Eucalyptus obliqua Eucalyptus consideniana Understorey: Life form Immature Canopy Tree Understorey Tree or Large Shrub Medium Shrub Small Shrub Prostrate Shrub Large Herb Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Large Non-tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Bryophytes/Lichens Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark #Spp 2 6 5 2 2 7 1 2 1 6 2 na %Cover 5% 10% 20% 15% 5% 5% 20% 1% 5% 10% 20% 1% 10% LF code IT T MS SS PS LH MH SH LTG LNG MTG MNG BL EVC 16: Lowland Forest – Central Victorian Uplands bioregion LF Code T MS MS MS MS SS SS SS SS PS PS PS LH LH MH MH MH SH LTG LTG LTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MNG MNG SC Species typical of at least part of EVC range Acacia melanoxylon Acacia pycnantha Monotoca scoparia Hakea sericea s.l. Leptospermum continentale Pimelea humilis Platylobium obtusangulum Pultenaea humilis Pultenaea gunnii ssp. gunnii Pultenaea pedunculata Astroloma humifusum Acrotriche serrulata Wahlenbergia stricta Senecio minimus Gonocarpus tetragynus Hypericum gramineum Brachyscome multifida Opercularia varia Xanthorrhoea australis Austrostipa mollis Deyeuxia quadriseta Austrodanthonia setacea Lomandra multiflora ssp. multiflora Dichelachne sciurea spp. agg. Poa australis spp. agg. Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Luzula campestris spp. agg. Thysanotus patersonii Common Name Blackwood Golden Wattle Prickly Broom-heath Bushy Needlewood Prickly Tea-tree Common Rice-flower Common Flat-pea Dwarf Bush-pea Golden Bush-pea Matted Bush-pea Cranberry Heath Honey-pots Tall Bluebell Shrubby Fireweed Common Raspwort Small St John's Wort Cut-leaf Daisy Variable Stinkweed Austral Grass-tree Supple Spear-grass Reed Bent-grass Bristly Wallaby-grass Many-flowered Mat-rush Short-hair Plume-grass Tussock Grass Weeping Grass Field Woodrush Twining Fringe-lily Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 40 % cover Logs: 20 m/0.1 ha. Weediness: LF Code MH Typical Weed Species Hypochoeris radicata Common Name Cat's Ear Invasive high Impact low Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 18: Riparian Forest Description: A tall forest to 30 m tall along river banks and associated alluvial terraces with occasional occurrences in the heads of gullies leading into creeks and rivers. Soils are fertile alluvium, regularly inundated and permanently moist. Dominated by tall eucalypts, but also has an open to sparse secondary tree layer of wattles and scattered dense patches of shrubs, ferns, grasses and herbs. Large trees: Species Eucalyptus spp. Tree Canopy Cover: %cover 40% DBH(cm) 80 cm #/ha 20 / ha Character Species Eucalyptus radiata ssp. radiata Eucalyptus viminalis Eucalyptus globulus ssp. bicostata Understorey: Life form Immature Canopy Tree Understorey Tree or Large Shrub Medium Shrub Small Shrub Prostrate Shrub Large Herb Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Large Non-tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Ground Fern Tree Fern Scrambler or Climber Bryophytes/Lichens Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark #Spp 3 5 1 1 2 11 2 4 2 4 2 4 1 2 na Common Name Narrow-leaf Peppermint Manna Gum Eurabbie %Cover 5% 15% 20% 1% 1% 5% 20% 5% 15% 5% 10% 5% 15% 5% 5% 20% LF code IT T MS SS PS LH MH SH LTG LNG MTG MNG GF TRF SC BL EVC 18: Riparian Forest – Central Victorian Uplands bioregion LF Code T T MS MS MS MS PS LH LH MH MH MH SH SH SH LTG LTG LTG LTG LNG MTG MTG MNG MNG GF GF GF GF SC Species typical of at least part of EVC range Pomaderris aspera Acacia melanoxylon Prostanthera lasianthos Olearia lirata Coprosma quadrifida Cassinia aculeata Acrotriche prostrata Senecio minimus Senecio linearifolius Acaena novae-zelandiae Stellaria pungens Geranium potentilloides Dichondra repens Lobelia pedunculata s.l. Leptinella filicula Lomandra longifolia Carex appressa Lepidosperma elatius Poa labillardierei Tetrarrhena juncea Dianella tasmanica Isolepis inundata Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Poa tenera Polystichum proliferum Blechnum nudum Pteridium esculentum Adiantum aethiopicum Clematis aristata Common Name Hazel Pomaderris Blackwood Victorian Christmas-bush Snowy Daisy-bush Prickly Currant-bush Common Cassinia Trailing Ground-berry Shrubby Fireweed Fireweed Groundsel Bidgee-widgee Prickly Starwort Cinquefoil Cranesbill Kidney-weed Matted Pratia Mountain Cotula Spiny-headed Mat-rush Tall Sedge Tall Sword-sedge Common Tussock-grass Forest Wire-grass Tasman Flax-lily Swamp Club-sedge Weeping Grass Slender Tussock-grass Mother Shield-fern Fishbone Water-fern Austral Bracken Common Maidenhair Mountain Clematis Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 50 % cover Logs: 30 m/0.1 ha. Weediness: LF Code MS LH LH MH MH MH LNG Typical Weed Species Rubus fruticosus spp. agg. Sonchus asper s.l Cirsium vulgare Hypochoeris radicata Prunella vulgaris Centaurium erythraea Holcus lanatus Common Name Blackberry Rough Sow-thistle Spear Thistle Cat's Ear Self-heal Common Centaury Yorkshire Fog Invasive high high high high high low high Impact high low high low high low high Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 19: Riparian Shrubland Description: Diverse, medium to tall shrubland to 8 m tall occurring on rocky substrates of major streams and banks and channels of rocky creeks and along perennial streams in gorge tracts. Able to withstand frequent flooding or regenerate rapidly after such disturbance and often forming dense thickets along the stream's edge during long periods without flooding. Trees may be irregularly scattered throughout but tend to be restricted to the banks of the rivers and creeks. Sedges and rushes common to riparian environments dominate the understorey as well as an array of herbs and grasses including many ephemeral species which survive on the bare sands or in rock crevice. Canopy Cover: %cover 40% Character Species Acacia melanoxylon Leptospermum grandifolium Understorey: Life form Medium Shrub Medium Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Ground Fern Tree Fern Scrambler or Climber Bryophytes/Lichens Total understorey projective foliage cover Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark Common Name Blackwood Mountain Tea-tree #Spp 9 2 1 4 1 4 2 2 na %Cover 30% 5% 10% 5% 1% 10% 1% 5% 20% 60% LF code MS MH LTG MTG MNG GF TRF SC BL EVC 19: Riparian Shrubland – Central Victorian Uplands bioregion LF Code MS MS MS MS MH LTG MTG MTG MTG MNG GF GF GF GF TRF TRF SC Species typical of at least part of EVC range Coprosma quadrifida Hedycarya angustifolia Kunzea ericoides Micrantheum hexandrum Euchiton collinus s.l. Carex appressa Lepidosperma laterale Poa ensiformis Dianella tasmanica Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Calochlaena dubia Pteridium esculentum Polystichum proliferum Blechnum minus Todea barbara Dicksonia antarctica Pandorea pandorana Common Name Prickly Currant-bush Austral Mulberry Burgan Box Micrantheum Clustered/Creeping Cudweed Tall Sedge Variable Sword-sedge Sword Tussock-grass Tasman Flax-lily Weeping Grass Common Ground-fern Austral Bracken Mother Shield-fern Soft Water-fern Austral King-fern Soft Tree-fern Wonga Vine Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 40% cover Logs: 5 m/0.1 ha (note: large log class does not apply) Weediness: LF Code MS Typical Weed Species Rubus fruticosus spp. agg. Common Name Blackberry Invasive high Impact high Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 20: Heathy Dry Forest Description: Grows on shallow, rocky skeletal soils on a variety of geologies and on a range of landforms from gently undulating hills to exposed aspects on ridge tops and steep slopes at a range of elevations. The overstorey is a low, open eucalypt forest to 20 m tall, poor in form with an open crown cover. The understorey is dominated by a low, sparse to dense layer of ericoid-leaved shrubs including heaths and peas. Graminoids and grasses are frequently present in the ground layer, but do not provide much cover. Large trees: Species Eucalyptus spp. Tree Canopy Cover: %cover 30% DBH(cm) 60 cm #/ha 20 / ha Character Species Eucalyptus macrorhyncha Eucalyptus dives Eucalyptus polyanthemos Eucalyptus goniocalyx s.l. Eucalyptus mannifera ssp. mannifera Understorey: Life form Immature Canopy Tree Medium Shrub Small Shrub Prostrate Shrub Medium Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Bryophytes/Lichens Soil Crust Total understorey projective foliage cover Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark #Spp 6 5 1 3 1 4 na na Common Name Red Stringybark Broad-leaved Peppermint Red Box Long-leaf Box Brittle Gum %Cover 5% 30% 20% 1% 5% 5% 20% 10% 10% 80% LF code IT MS SS PS MH LTG MTG BL S/C EVC 20: Heathy Dry Forest – Central Victorian Uplands bioregion LF Code MS MS MS MS SS SS SS SS PS MH MH LTG MTG MTG MTG MTG Species typical of at least part of EVC range Epacris impressa Pultenaea gunnii Banksia marginata Monotoca scoparia Platylobium obtusangulum Hovea heterophylla Pultenaea humilis Leucopogon virgatus var. virgatus Acrotriche serrulata Gonocarpus tetragynus Drosera peltata ssp. auriculata Xanthorrhoea australis Dianella revoluta s.l. Lomandra filiformis Poa sieberiana Joycea pallida Common Name Common Heath Golden Bush-pea Silver Banksia Prickly Broom-heath Common Flat-pea Common Hovea Dwarf Bush-pea Common Beard-heath Honey-pots Common Raspwort Tall Sundew Austral Grass-tree Black-anther Flax-lily Wattle Mat-rush Grey Tussock-grass Silvertop Wallaby-grass Recruitment: Episodic/Fire. Desirable period between disturbances is 20 years. Organic Litter: 20 % cover Logs: 20 m/0.1 ha. Weediness: There are no consistent weeds in this EVC. Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 21: Shrubby Dry Forest Description: Occurs on a range of geologies on exposed aspects such as ridge-lines and medium to steep upper slopes, often in high rainfall areas and on shallow infertile soils. The overstorey is a low, open forest to 25 m tall characterised by the diversity and variability of the eucalypts. The understorey often lacks a secondary tree layer but contains a well-developed medium to low shrub layer. The ground layer is often very sparse with tussock-forming graminoids being the dominant life form. Large trees: Species Eucalyptus spp. Tree Canopy Cover: %cover 30% DBH(cm) 70 cm #/ha 20 / ha Character Species Common Name Mountain Grey-gum Messmate Stringybark Eucalyptus cypellocarpa Eucalyptus obliqua Life Forms: Life form Immature Canopy Tree Understorey Tree or Large Shrub Medium Shrub Small Shrub Prostrate Shrub Large Herb Medium Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Bryophytes/Lichens Soil Crust Total understorey projective foliage cover Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark #Spp 1 4 3 1 1 2 1 2 na na %Cover 5% 5% 20% 10% 1% 1% 5% 15% 10% 10% 10% 75% LF code IT T MS SS PS LH MH LTG MTG BL S/C EVC 21: Shrubby Dry Forest – Central Victorian Uplands bioregion LF Code MS MS MS MS SS SS SS SS PS MH LTG MTG MTG Species typical of at least part of EVC range Spyridium parvifolium Acacia myrtifolia Banksia marginata Hakea sericea s.l. Hibbertia stricta s.l. Platylobium obtusangulum Isopogon ceratophyllus Pultenaea humilis Acrotriche serrulata Drosera peltata ssp. auriculata Xanthorrhoea australis Lepidosperma semiteres Poa australis spp. agg. Common Name Dusty Miller Myrtle Wattle Silver Banksia Bushy Needlewood Upright Guinea-flower Common Flat-pea Horny Cone-bush Dwarf Bush-pea Honey-pots Tall Sundew Austral Grass-tree Wire Rapier-sedge Tussock Grass Recruitment: Episodic/Fire. Desirable period between disturbances is 20 years. Organic Litter: 20 % cover Logs: 20 m/0.1 ha. Weediness: There are no consistent weeds in this EVC. Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 22: Grassy Dry Forest Description: Occurs on a variety of gradients and altitudes and on a range of geologies. The overstorey is dominated by a low to medium height forest of eucalypts to 20m tall, sometimes resembling an open woodland with a secondary, smaller tree layer including a number of Acacia species. The understorey usually consists of a sparse shrub layer of medium height. Grassy Dry Forest is characterised by a ground layer dominated by a high diversity of drought-tolerant grasses and herbs, often including a suite of fern species. Large trees: Species DBH(cm) #/ha Eucalyptus spp. 70 cm 20 / ha Tree Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species 30% Common Name Eucalyptus macrorhyncha Eucalyptus goniocalyx s.l. Eucalyptus obliqua Understorey: Life form Immature Canopy Tree Understorey Tree or Large Shrub Medium Shrub Small Shrub Prostrate Shrub Large Herb Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Ground Fern Scrambler or Climber Bryophytes/Lichens Soil Crust Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark Red Stringybark Bundy Messmate Stringybark #Spp %Cover LF code 1 3 3 1 3 7 2 1 7 1 1 1 na na 5% 5% 10% 5% 1% 5% 20% 5% 5% 30% 1% 1% 1% 10% 10% IT T MS SS PS LH MH SH LTG MTG MNG GF SC BL S/C EVC 22: Grassy Dry Forest – Central Victorian Uplands bioregion LF Code T MS SS SS SS PS LH MH MH MH SH SH SH MTG MTG MTG MTG MNG GF SC Species typical of at least part of EVC range Acacia dealbata Epacris impressa Hovea heterophylla Pimelea humilis Acacia aculeatissima Acrotriche serrulata Senecio tenuiflorus Gonocarpus tetragynus Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Hypericum gramineum Dichondra repens Hydrocotyle laxiflora Goodenia lanata Joycea pallida Poa sieberiana Lomandra filiformis Dianella revoluta s.l. Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Pteridium esculentum Hardenbergia violacea Common Name Silver Wattle Common Heath Common Hovea Common Rice-flower Thin-leaf Wattle Honey-pots Slender Fireweed Common Raspwort Ivy-leaf Violet Small St John's Wort Kidney-weed Stinking Pennywort Trailing Goodenia Silvertop Wallaby-grass Grey Tussock-grass Wattle Mat-rush Black-anther Flax-lily Weeping Grass Austral Bracken Purple Coral-pea Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 20 % cover Logs: 20 m/0.1 ha. Weediness: LF Code MH MTG MNG Typical Weed Species Hypochoeris radicata Briza maxima Aira elegantissima Common Name Cat's Ear Large Quaking-grass Delicate Hair-grass Invasive high high high Impact low low low Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 23: Herb-rich Foothill Forest Description: Occurs on relatively fertile, moderately well-drained soils on an extremely wide range of geological types and in areas of moderate to high rainfall. Occupies easterly and southerly aspects mainly on lower slopes and in gullies. A medium to tall open forest or woodland to 25m tall with a small tree layer over a sparse to dense shrub layer. A high cover and diversity of herbs and grasses in the ground layer characterise this EVC. Large trees: Species DBH(cm) #/ha Eucalyptus spp. 70 cm 20 / ha Tree Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species 40% Common Name Eucalyptus globulus ssp. bicostata Eucalyptus obliqua Eucalyptus dives Understorey: Life form Immature Canopy Tree Understorey Tree or Large Shrub Medium Shrub Small Shrub Prostrate Shrub Large Herb Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Large Non-tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Ground Fern Scrambler or Climber Bryophytes/Lichens Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark Eurabbie Messmate Stringybark Broad-leaved Peppermint #Spp %Cover LF code 2 3 2 1 4 11 3 2 1 6 2 2 3 na 5% 10% 5% 1% 1% 5% 25% 5% 5% 5% 20% 5% 10% 5% 20% IT T MS SS PS LH MH SH LTG LNG MTG MNG GF SC BL EVC 23: Herb-rich Foothill Forest – Central Victorian Uplands bioregion LF Code T SS PS LH LH LH LH MH MH MH SH SH LTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MNG MNG MNG GF GF SC SC SC SC Species typical of at least part of EVC range Acacia dealbata Hovea heterophylla Acrotriche prostrata Wahlenbergia stricta Senecio tenuiflorus Senecio minimus Senecio quadridentatus Stellaria pungens Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Acaena novae-zelandiae Dichondra repens Hydrocotyle laxiflora Lomandra longifolia ssp. longifolia Lomandra filiformis ssp. coriacea Luzula meridionalis var. flaccida Austrodanthonia pilosa Poa ensiformis Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Poa tenera Echinopogon ovatus Pteridium esculentum Asplenium flabellifolium Clematis aristata Glycine clandestina Billardiera scandens var. scandens Hardenbergia violacea Common Name Silver Wattle Common Hovea Trailing Ground-berry Tall Bluebell Slender Fireweed Shrubby Fireweed Cotton Fireweed Prickly Starwort Ivy-leaf Violet Bidgee-widgee Kidney-weed Stinking Pennywort Spiny-headed Mat-rush Wattle Mat-rush Common Woodrush Velvet Wallaby-grass Sword Tussock-grass Weeping Grass Slender Tussock-grass Common Hedgehog-grass Austral Bracken Necklace Fern Mountain Clematis Twining Glycine Common Apple-berry Purple Coral-pea Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 40 % cover Logs: 20 m/0.1 ha. Weediness: LF Code MH MH LNG Typical Weed Species Hypochoeris radicata Centaurium erythraea Holcus lanatus Common Name Invasive Impact Cat's Ear Common Centaury Yorkshire Fog high high high low low high Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 28: Rocky Outcrop Shrubland Description: Occurs in areas of low site quality on exposed rocky outcrops where rock is a dominant landform feature, soils are shallow or virtually absent and effective rainfall is low. Scattered, often stunted trees are occasionally present. A diverse shrub layer to 5 m tall characterises this EVC, including a number of rock-adapted species. The ground layer is usually sparse and species-poor except where it occurs in discrete patches and forms a mosaic with Rocky Outcrop Herbland. Life forms: Life form Medium Shrub Small Shrub Large Herb Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Ground Fern Bryophytes/Lichens Soil Crust #Spp %Cover LF code 7 2 2 5 2 2 4 2 na na 25% 5% 5% 5% 1% 5% 10% 5% 20% 10% MS SS LH MH SH LTG MTG GF BL S/C Total understorey projective foliage cover LF Code MS MS MS MS SS SS SS SS PS PS LH LH LH LH MH MH MH MH SH LTG LTG MTG MTG MTG MTG GF GF Species typical of at least part of EVC range Monotoca scoparia Hovea pannosa s.l. Brachyloma daphnoides Persoonia confertiflora Hibbertia obtusifolia Dillwynia phylicoides Rhytidosporum procumbens Acacia gunnii Platylobium formosum Persoonia chamaepeuce Senecio tenuiflorus Derwentia perfoliata Wahlenbergia multicaulis Chrysocephalum semipapposum Stellaria pungens Helichrysum scorpioides Gonocarpus tetragynus Diuris sulphurea Crassula sieberiana Lomandra longifolia Austrodanthonia induta Dianella revoluta s.l. Poa labillardierei Joycea pallida Lepidosperma laterale Cheilanthes sieberi ssp. sieberi Asplenium flabellifolium Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 40 % cover Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark 75% Common Name Prickly Broom-heath Mountain Beauty Daphne Heath Cluster-flower Geebung Grey Guinea-flower Small-leaf Parrot-pea White Marianth Ploughshare Wattle Handsome Flat-pea Dwarf Geebung Slender Fireweed Digger's Speedwell Branching Bluebell Clustered Everlasting Prickly Starwort Button Everlasting Common Raspwort Tiger Orchid Sieber Crassula Spiny-headed Mat-rush Shiny Wallaby-grass Black-anther Flax-lily Common Tussock-grass Silvertop Wallaby-grass Variable Sword-sedge Narrow Rock-fern Necklace Fern EVC 28: Rocky Outcrop Shrubland - Central Victorian Uplands bioregion Weediness: LF Code MH MNG Typical Weed Species Hypochoeris radicata Vulpia myuros Common Name Cat's Ear Rat's-tail Fescue Invasive high high Impact low low Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment May 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 29: Damp Forest Description: Grows on a wide range of geologies on well-developed generally colluvial soils on a variety of aspects, from sea level to montane elevations. Dominated by a tall eucalypt tree layer to 30 m tall over a medium to tall dense shrub layer of broad-leaved species typical of wet forest mixed with elements from dry forest types. The ground layer includes herbs and grasses as well as a variety of moisture-dependent ferns. Large trees: Species DBH(cm) Eucalyptus spp. 90 cm #/ha 20 / ha Tree Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species 40% Common Name Eucalyptus obliqua Understorey: Life form Immature Canopy Tree Understorey Tree or Large Shrub Medium Shrub Prostrate Shrub Large Herb Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Large Non-tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Ground Fern Tree Fern Scrambler or Climber Bryophytes/Lichens Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark Messmate Stringybark #Spp 3 3 1 1 11 2 3 1 3 1 4 1 1 na %Cover 5% 15% 10% 5% 1% 20% 5% 10% 5% 10% 5% 20% 5% 5% 20% LF code IT T MS PS LH MH SH LTG LNG MTG MNG GF TRF SC BL EVC 29: Damp Forest – Central Victorian Uplands bioregion LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Olearia argophylla Acacia melanoxylon Pomaderris aspera Coprosma quadrifida Acacia verticillata Prostanthera lasianthos Acrotriche serrulata Acrotriche prostrata Senecio minimus Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Geranium potentilloides Hydrocotyle hirta Acaena novae-zelandiae Hypericum japonicum Lobelia pedunculata s.l. Oxalis exilis Dichondra repens Poa labillardierei Lomandra longifolia Lepidosperma elatius Carex appressa Tetrarrhena juncea Dianella tasmanica Poa morrisii Stylidium graminifolium s.l. Poa tenera Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Pteridium esculentum Blechnum nudum Blechnum wattsii Polystichum proliferum Dicksonia antarctica Cyathea australis Clematis aristata T T T MS MS MS PS PS LH MH MH MH MH SH SH SH SH LTG LTG LTG LTG LNG MTG MTG MTG MNG MNG GF GF GF GF TRF TRF SC Common Name Musk Daisy-bush Blackwood Hazel Pomaderris Prickly Currant-bush Prickly Moses Victorian Christmas-bush Honey-pots Trailing Ground-berry Shrubby Fireweed Ivy-leaf Violet Cinquefoil Cranesbill Hairy Pennywort Bidgee-widgee Matted St John's Wort Matted Pratia Shady Wood-sorrel Kidney-weed Common Tussock-grass Spiny-headed Mat-rush Tall Sword-sedge Tall Sedge Forest Wire-grass Tasman Flax-lily Soft Tussock-grass Grass Trigger-plant Slender Tussock-grass Weeping Grass Austral Bracken Fishbone Water-fern Hard Water-fern Mother Shield-fern Soft Tree-fern Rough Tree-fern Mountain Clematis Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 50 % cover Logs: 30 m/0.1 ha. Weediness: LF Code Typical Weed Species MS LH MH MTG Rubus fruticosus spp. agg. Urtica urens Leontodon taraxacoides ssp. taraxacoides Anthoxanthum odoratum Common Name Invasive Impact Blackberry Small Nettle Hairy Hawkbit Sweet Vernal-grass high high high high high high low high Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 30: Wet Forest Description: Grows on fertile, well-drained loamy soils on a range of geologies and elevation levels. It is largely restricted to protected sites in gullies and on southern aspects of hills and mountains where rainfall is high and cloud cover at ground level is frequent. Characterised by a tall eucalypt overstorey to 30 m tall with scattered understorey trees over a tall broad-leaved shrubby understorey and a moist, shaded, fern-rich ground layer that is usually dominated by tree-ferns. Large trees: Species Eucalyptus spp. DBH(cm) #/ha 90 cm 20 / ha Tree Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species 40% Common Name Eucalyptus regnans Understorey: Life form Immature Canopy Tree Understorey Tree or Large Shrub Medium Shrub Small Shrub Large Herb Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Large Non-tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Ground Fern Tree Fern Scrambler or Climber Bryophytes/Lichens Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark Mountain Ash #Spp %Cover LF code 4 6 1 2 5 2 1 1 1 4 2 2 na 5% 30% 20% 1% 1% 10% 1% 1% 10% 5% 20% 10% 5% 20% IT T MS SS LH MH SH LTG LNG MTG GF TRF SC BL EVC 30: Wet Forest - Central Victorian Uplands bioregion LF Code T T T MS MS MS MS MH MH MH MH SH LTG LNG GF GF GF GF TRF TRF SC SC Species typical of at least part of EVC range Acacia dealbata Pomaderris aspera Olearia argophylla Coprosma quadrifida Olearia phlogopappa Cassinia aculeata Correa lawrenceana Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Hydrocotyle hirta Sambucus gaudichaudiana Geranium potentilloides Leptostigma reptans Lepidosperma elatius Tetrarrhena juncea Pteridium esculentum Polystichum proliferum Histiopteris incisa Blechnum wattsii Dicksonia antarctica Cyathea australis Clematis aristata Billardiera longiflora var. longiflora Common Name Silver Wattle Hazel Pomaderris Musk Daisy-bush Prickly Currant-bush Dusty Daisy-bush Common Cassinia Mountain Correa Ivy-leaf Violet Hairy Pennywort White Elderberry Cinquefoil Cranesbill Dwarf Nertera Tall Sword-sedge Forest Wire-grass Austral Bracken Mother Shield-fern Bat's Wing Fern Hard Water-fern Soft Tree-fern Rough Tree-fern Mountain Clematis Purple Apple-berry Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 50 % cover Logs: 30 m/0.1 ha. Weediness: LF Code MH Typical Weed Species Hypochoeris radicata Common Name Cat's Ear Invasive high Impact low Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 37: Montane Grassy Woodland Description: Occurs in montane elevations on moderately fertile soils on all aspects. An open eucalypt woodland to 10 m tall, sometimes with a secondary tree layer. The understorey often consists of a sparse shrub layer which can be variable in height. The EVC is characterised by its grassy ground cover together with a variety of other graminoids and herbs. Large trees: Species DBH(cm) Eucalyptus spp. 50 cm Tree Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species 20% Immature Canopy Tree Understorey Tree or Large Shrub Medium Shrub Small Shrub Prostrate Shrub Large Herb Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Ground Fern Bryophytes/Lichens Soil Crust Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark 15 / ha Common Name Eucalyptus pauciflora Eucalyptus dives Eucalyptus rubida Understorey: Life form #/ha Snow Gum Broad-leaved Peppermint Candlebark #Spp 1 6 3 2 2 15 3 2 7 1 1 na na %Cover 5% 5% 20% 10% 5% 5% 20% 10% 5% 20% 1% 1% 10% 10% LF code IT T MS SS PS LH MH SH LTG MTG MNG GF BL S/C EVC 37: Montane Grassy Woodland - Central Victoria Uplands bioregion LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Acacia dealbata Cassinia aculeata Pultenaea juniperina s.l. Pimelea linifolia Brachyloma daphnoides Hibbertia obtusifolia Olearia erubescens Leucopogon hookeri Platylobium formosum Acrotriche serrulata Wahlenbergia stricta Gonocarpus tetragynus Viola betonicifolia ssp. betonicifolia Stellaria pungens Chiloglottis gunnii s.l. Galium ciliare Leptinella filicula Lomandra longifolia Deyeuxia quadriseta Dianella tasmanica Stylidium graminifolium s.l. Themeda triandra Luzula meridionalis var. flaccida Polystichum proliferum Pteridium esculentum Glycine clandestina T MS MS MS MS SS SS SS PS PS LH MH MH MH SH SH SH LTG LTG MTG MTG MTG MTG GF GF SC Common Name Silver Wattle Common Cassinia Prickly Bush-pea Slender Rice-flower Daphne Heath Grey Guinea-flower Moth Daisy-bush Mountain Beard-heath Handsome Flat-pea Honey-pots Tall Bluebell Common Raspwort Showy Violet Prickly Starwort Common Bird-orchid Hairy Bedstraw Mountain Cotula Spiny-headed Mat-rush Reed Bent-grass Tasman Flax-lily Grass Trigger-plant Kangaroo Grass Common Woodrush Mother Shield-fern Austral Bracken Twining Glycine Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 20 % cover Logs: 15 m/0.1 ha. Weediness: LF Code Typical Weed Species MH MH MH MH MH SH Hypochoeris radicata Cerastium glomeratum s.l. Centaurium erythraea Prunella vulgaris Taraxacum officinale spp. agg. Trifolium repens var. repens Common Name Invasive Impact Cat's Ear Common Mouse-ear Chickweed Common Centaury Self-heal Garden Dandelion White Clover high high high high high high low low low low low high Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment May 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 45: Shrubby Foothill Forest Description: Occurs on ridges and mainly on southern and eastern slopes in association with Damp Forest or Wet Forest on moderately fertile soils and at a range of elevations. The overstorey is a medium eucalypt forest to 25 m tall over an understorey characterised by a distinctive middle strata dominated by a diversity of narrow-leaved shrubs and a paucity of ferns, graminoids and herbs in the ground stratum. Large trees: Species Eucalyptus spp. DBH(cm) #/ha 70 cm 20 / ha Tree Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species 40% Common Name Eucalyptus obliqua Eucalyptus radiata ssp. radiata Eucalyptus dives Eucalyptus rubida Understorey: Life form Immature Canopy Tree Understorey Tree or Large Shrub Medium Shrub Small Shrub Prostrate Shrub Large Herb Medium Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Large Non-tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Ground Fern Scrambler or Climber Bryophytes/Lichens Soil Crust Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark Messmate Stringybark Narrow-leaf Peppermint Broad-leaved Peppermint Candlebark #Spp 1 5 3 2 1 7 2 1 5 1 2 1 na na %Cover 5% 5% 20% 10% 5% 1% 15% 5% 15% 20% 5% 10% 1% 10% 10% LF code IT T MS SS PS LH MH LTG LNG MTG MNG GF SC BL S/C EVC 45: Shrubby Foothill Forest - Central Victorian Uplands bioregion LF Code T MS MS MS MS SS SS SS SS PS PS MH MH MH LTG LTG LNG MTG MTG MTG MTG MNG GF SC Species typical of at least part of EVC range Exocarpos cupressiformis Epacris impressa Acacia mucronata ssp. longifolia Acacia verticillata Pultenaea gunnii Olearia erubescens k Pultenaea muelleri var. reflexifolia Acacia aculeatissima Dillwynia cinerascens s.l. Acrotriche serrulata Acrotriche prostrata Gonocarpus tetragynus Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Hydrocotyle hirta Lomandra longifolia Gahnia sieberiana Tetrarrhena juncea Poa sieberiana Joycea pallida Lomandra filiformis Dianella tasmanica Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Pteridium esculentum Billardiera scandens Common Name Cherry Ballart Common Heath Narrow-leaf Wattle Prickly Moses Golden Bush-pea Moth Daisy-bush Mueller's Bush-pea Thin-leaf Wattle Grey Parrot-pea Honey-pots Trailing Ground-berry Common Raspwort Ivy-leaf Violet Hairy Pennywort Spiny-headed Mat-rush Red-fruit Saw-sedge Forest Wire-grass Grey Tussock-grass Silvertop Wallaby-grass Wattle Mat-rush Tasman Flax-lily Weeping Grass Austral Bracken Common Apple-berry Recruitment: Episodic/Fire. Desirable period between disturbances is 30 years. Organic Litter: 40 % cover Logs: 20 m/0.1 ha. Weediness: LF Code MH Typical Weed Species Hypochoeris radicata Common Name Invasive Impact Cat's Ear high low Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 47: Valley Grassy Forest Description: Valley Grassy Forest occurs under moderate rainfall regimes of 700-800 mm per annum on fertile well-drained colluvial or alluvial soils on gently undulating lower slopes and valley floors. Open forest to 25 m tall may carry a variety of eucalypts, usually species that prefer more moist or more fertile conditions over a sparse shrub cover. In season, a rich array of herbs, lilies, grasses and sedges dominate the ground layer but at the drier end of the spectrum the ground layer may be sparse and slightly less diverse, but with the moisture-loving species still remaining. Large trees: Species DBH(cm) Eucalyptus spp. 70 cm Tree Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species 20% Immature Canopy Tree Understorey Tree or Large Shrub Medium Shrub Small Shrub Prostrate Shrub Large Herb Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Large Non-tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Ground Fern Scrambler or Climber Bryophytes/Lichens Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark 20 / ha Common Name Eucalyptus melliodora Eucalyptus radiata s.l. Eucalyptus obliqua Eucalyptus rubida Understorey: Life form #/ha Yellow Box Narrow-leaf Peppermint Messmate Stringybark Candlebark #Spp %Cover LF code 2 3 4 2 2 8 2 2 1 7 1 1 1 na 5% 10% 10% 5% 1% 1% 15% 5% 10% 1% 20% 5% 5% 1% 20% IT T MS SS PS LH MH SH LTG LNG MTG MNG GF SC BL EVC 47: Valley Grassy Forest - Central Victorian Uplands bioregion LF Code T T MS MS SS SS SS SS PS PS LH LH MH MH MH SH SH LTG LTG MTG MTG MTG MNG GF SC Species typical of at least part of EVC range Acacia melanoxylon Acacia dealbata Daviesia leptophylla Epacris impressa Hovea heterophylla Pimelea humilis Dillwynia cinerascens s.l. Acacia aculeatissima Acrotriche serrulata Bossiaea prostrata Senecio tenuiflorus Senecio quadridentatus Gonocarpus tetragynus Drosera peltata ssp. auriculata Burchardia umbellata Opercularia varia Goodenia lanata Poa labillardierei Deyeuxia quadriseta Lomandra filiformis Poa sieberiana Dianella revoluta s.l. Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Pteridium esculentum Hardenbergia violacea Common Name Blackwood Silver Wattle Narrow-leaf Bitter-pea Common Heath Common Hovea Common Rice-flower Grey Parrot-pea Thin-leaf Wattle Honey-pots Creeping Bossiaea Slender Fireweed Cotton Fireweed Common Raspwort Tall Sundew Milkmaids Variable Stinkweed Trailing Goodenia Common Tussock-grass Reed Bent-grass Wattle Mat-rush Grey Tussock-grass Black-anther Flax-lily Weeping Grass Austral Bracken Purple Coral-pea Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 20 % cover Logs: 20 m/0.1 ha. Weediness: LF Code LH MH MH LNG MTG Typical Weed Species Cirsium vulgare Hypochoeris radicata Centaurium erythraea Holcus lanatus Anthoxanthum odoratum Common Name Spear Thistle Cat's Ear Common Centaury Yorkshire Fog Sweet Vernal-grass Invasive high high high high high Impact high low low high high Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 48: Heathy Woodland Description: Spans a variety of geologies but is generally associated with nutrient-poor soils including deep uniform sands (aeolian or outwash) and Tertiary sand/clay which has been altered to form quartzite gravel. Eucalypt-dominated low woodland to 10 m tall lacking a secondary tree layer and generally supporting a diverse array of narrow or ericoid-leaved shrubs except where frequent fire has reduced this to a dense cover of bracken. Geophytes and annuals can be quite common but the ground cover is normally fairly sparse. Large trees: Species DBH(cm) #/ha Eucalyptus spp. 60 cm 15 / ha Tree Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species 15% Common Name Eucalyptus dives Understorey: Life form Immature Canopy Tree Medium Shrub Small Shrub Prostrate Shrub Medium Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Large Non-tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Ground Fern Bryophytes/Lichens Soil Crust Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark Broad-leaved Peppermint #Spp 7 6 1 4 2 1 4 1 na na %Cover 5% 40% 20% 1% 5% 10% 5% 10% 1% 10% 10% LF code IT MS SS PS MH LTG LNG MTG GF BL S/C EVC 48: Heathy Woodland – Central Victorian Uplands bioregion LF Code MS MS MS MS SS SS SS SS MH MH MH LTG LNG MTG MTG MTG GF EP Species typical of at least part of EVC range Leptospermum continentale Monotoca scoparia Epacris impressa Banksia marginata Leucopogon virgatus k Pultenaea muelleri var. reflexifolia Hovea heterophylla Dillwynia sericea s.l. Gonocarpus tetragynus Drosera peltata ssp. auriculata Hydrocotyle hirta Lomandra longifolia Tetrarrhena juncea Poa sieberiana Lepidosperma tortuosum Lepidosperma filiforme Pteridium esculentum Cassytha glabella Common Name Prickly Tea-tree Prickly Broom-heath Common Heath Silver Banksia Common Beard-heath Mueller's Bush-pea Common Hovea Showy Parrot-pea Common Raspwort Tall Sundew Hairy Pennywort Spiny-headed Mat-rush Forest Wire-grass Grey Tussock-grass Tortuous Rapier-sedge Common Rapier-sedge Austral Bracken Slender Dodder-laurel Recruitment: Episodic/Fire. Desirable period between disturbances is 20 years. Organic Litter: 40 % cover Logs: 15 m/0.1 ha. Weediness: LF Code MTG Typical Weed Species Briza maxima Common Name Large Quaking-grass Invasive high Impact low Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 53: Swamp Scrub Description: Closed scrub to 8 m tall at low elevations on alluvial deposits along streams or on poorly drained sites with high nutrient and water availability. Soils vary from organic loams to fine silts and peats which are inundated during the wetter months of the year and is dominated by either Woolly Tea-tree Leptospermun lanigerum or Swamp Paperbark Melaleuca ericifolia which often form a dense impenetrable thicket, out-competing other species. Emergent trees (eg. Swamp Gum Eucalyptus ovata) may some times be present. Where light penetrates to ground level, a moss/lichen/liverwort herbaceous ground cover is often present. Canopy Cover: %cover 60% Character Species Understorey: Life form Large Herb Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Large Non-tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Bryophytes/Lichens LF Code LH LH LH MH MH MH SH SH LTG LTG LTG LTG MTG MTG MTG Common Name Leptospermum lanigerum Melaleuca squarrosa Acacia melanoxylon Woolly Tea-tree Scented Paperbark Blackwood #Spp 5 13 2 9 1 7 na %Cover LF code 10% 30% 5% 15% 1% 15% 20% Species typical of at least part of EVC range Persicaria decipiens Villarsia reniformis Epilobium pallidiflorum Hydrocotyle pterocarpa Lilaeopsis polyantha Hydrocotyle muscosa Lobelia pedunculata s.l. Crassula helmsii Juncus procerus Gahnia clarkei Deyeuxia quadriseta Amphibromus recurvatus Schoenus maschalinus k Lachnagrostis filiformis (perennial variety) Juncus planifolius LH MH SH LTG LNG MTG BL Common Name Slender Knotweed Running Marsh-flower Showy Willow-herb Wing Pennywort Australian Lilaeopsis Mossy Pennywort Matted Pratia Swamp Crassula Tall Rush Tall Saw-sedge Reed Bent-grass Dark Swamp Wallaby-grass Leafy Bog-sedge Wetland Blown-grass Broad-leaf Rush Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 20% Cover Weediness: LF Code Typical Weed Species LH MH MH MH LNG MTG Rumex crispus Lotus suaveolens Leontodon taraxacoides ssp. taraxacoides Hypochoeris radicata Holcus lanatus Juncus bulbosus Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark Common Name Curled Dock Hairy Bird's-foot Trefoil Hairy Hawkbit Cat's Ear Yorkshire Fog Bulbous Rush Invasive Impact high high high high high high low high low low high high EVC 53: Swamp Scrub – Central Victorian Uplands bioregion Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment February 2005 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2005 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 55: Plains Grassy Woodland Description: An open, eucalypt woodland to 15m tall occurring on a number of geologies and soil types. Occupies poorly drained, fertile soils on flat or gently undulating plains at low elevations. The understorey consists of a few sparse shrubs over a species-rich grassy and herbaceous ground layer. Large trees: Species DBH(cm) Eucalyptus spp. 80 cm Tree Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species 15% Immature Canopy Tree Understorey Tree or Large Shrub Medium Shrub Small Shrub Prostrate Shrub Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Large Non-tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Ground Fern Bryophytes/Lichens Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark 15 / ha Common Name Eucalyptus viminalis Eucalyptus ovata Understorey: Life form #/ha Manna Gum Swamp Gum #Spp %Cover LF code 3 3 4 2 9 4 2 1 6 2 1 na 5% 10% 5% 10% 5% 20% 5% 10% 5% 25% 5% 1% 10% IT T MS SS PS MH SH LTG LNG MTG MNG GF BL EVC 55: Plains Grassy Woodland - Central Victorian Uplands bioregion LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Acacia melanoxylon Exocarpos cupressiformis Acacia pycnantha Acacia paradoxa Pimelea humilis Lissanthe strigosa ssp. subulata Hibbertia stricta s.l. Tetratheca ciliata Acrotriche serrulata Astroloma humifusum Gonocarpus tetragynus Poranthera microphylla Hypericum gramineum Hydrocotyle laxiflora Drosera whittakeri ssp. aberrans Solenogyne dominii Opercularia ovata Austrostipa mollis Austrostipa rudis ssp. nervosa Lepidosperma longitudinale Lomandra filiformis Schoenus apogon Themeda triandra Dianella revoluta s.l. Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Pteridium esculentum T T MS MS SS SS SS SS PS PS MH MH MH SH SH SH SH LTG LTG LNG MTG MTG MTG MTG MNG GF Common Name Blackwood Cherry Ballart Golden Wattle Hedge Wattle Common Rice-flower Peach Heath Upright Guinea-flower Pink-bells Honey-pots Cranberry Heath Common Raspwort Small Poranthera Small St John's Wort Stinking Pennywort Scented Sundew Smooth Solenogyne Broad-leaf Stinkweed Supple Spear-grass Veined Spear-grass Pithy Sword-sedge Wattle Mat-rush Common Bog-sedge Kangaroo Grass Black-anther Flax-lily Weeping Grass Austral Bracken Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 10 % cover Logs: 10 m/0.1 ha. Weediness: LF Code Typical Weed Species MH MH MH MH LNG MTG MTG MTG MTG MNG Hypochoeris radicata Leontodon taraxacoides ssp. taraxacoides Centaurium erythraea Hypochoeris glabra Holcus lanatus Briza maxima Anthoxanthum odoratum Romulea rosea Briza minor Aira elegantissima Common Name Invasive Impact Cat's Ear Hairy Hawkbit Common Centaury Smooth Cat's-ear Yorkshire Fog Large Quaking-grass Sweet Vernal-grass Onion Grass Lesser Quaking-grass Delicate Hair-grass high high high high high high high high high high low low low low high low high low low low Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 56: Floodplain Riparian Woodland Description: An open woodland to 20 m tall usually dominated by Red Gum Eucalyptus spp. over a medium to tall shrub layer with a ground layer consisting of amphibious and aquatic herbs and sedges. Occurs along the banks and floodplains of the larger meandering rivers and major creeks, often in conjunction with one or more floodplain wetland communities. Elevation and rainfall are relatively low and soils are fertile alluviums subject to periodic flooding and inundation. Large trees: Species Eucalyptus spp. DBH(cm) #/ha 80 cm 15 / ha Tree Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species 15% Understorey: Life form Immature Canopy Tree Understorey Tree or Large Shrub Medium Shrub Small Shrub Large Herb Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Large Non-tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Ground Fern Scrambler or Climber Bryophytes/Lichens LF Code T MS MS MS SS MH SH LTG LTG LNG MTG MTG MNG MNG GF EP Common Name Eucalyptus camaldulensis River Red-gum #Spp %Cover LF code 2 6 1 4 4 1 3 2 3 3 1 1 na 5% 10% 15% 1% 10% 10% 1% 10% 10% 10% 10% 5% 5% 10% IT T MS SS LH MH SH LTG LNG MTG MNG GF SC BL Species typical of at least part of EVC range Acacia dealbata Hymenanthera dentata s.l. Cassinia aculeata Kunzea ericoides Rubus parvifolius Acaena novae-zelandiae Hydrocotyle laxiflora Carex appressa Poa labillardierei Phragmites australis Juncus amabilis Cyperus lhotskyanus Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Distichlis distichophylla Pteridium esculentum Muellerina eucalyptoides Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark Common Name Silver Wattle Tree Violet Common Cassinia Burgan Small-leaf Bramble Bidgee-widgee Stinking Pennywort Tall Sedge Common Tussock-grass Common Reed Hollow Rush Creeping Flat-sedge Weeping Grass Australian Salt-grass Austral Bracken Creeping Mistletoe EVC 56: Floodplain Riparian Woodland - Central Victorian Uplands bioregion Recruitment: Episodic/Flood. Desirable period between disturbances is 10 years. Organic Litter: 40 % cover Logs: 30 m/0.1 ha. Weediness: LF Code T T MS MS MS LH LH LH LH LH LH LH LH LH LH MH MH MH MH MH MH MH SH SH SH LTG LNG MTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MNG SC SC Typical Weed Species Pinus radiata Crataegus monogyna Rosa rubiginosa Ulex europaeus Rubus fruticosus spp. agg. Foeniculum vulgare Verbena bonariensis s.l. Cirsium vulgare Sonchus oleraceus Plantago lanceolata Rumex crispus Sonchus asper s.l. Solanum nigrum sensu Willis (1972) Silybum marianum Rorippa palustris Hypochoeris radicata Acetosella vulgaris Trifolium dubium Trifolium subterraneum Cerastium glomeratum s.l. Prunella vulgaris Anagallis arvensis Trifolium repens var. repens Polygonum aviculare s.l. Callitriche stagnalis Phalaris aquatica Holcus lanatus Lolium multiflorum Cyperus eragrostis Bromus hordeaceus ssp. hordeaceus Lolium perenne Vulpia bromoides Critesion murinum Poa annua Bromus diandrus Bromus catharticus Dactylis glomerata Paspalum distichum Galium aparine Vicia sativa Common Name Invasive Impact Radiata Pine Hawthorn Sweet Briar Gorse Blackberry Fennel Purple-top Verbena Spear Thistle Common Sow-thistle Ribwort Curled Dock Rough Sow-thistle Black Nightshade Variegated Thistle Marsh Yellow-cress Cat's Ear Sheep Sorrel Suckling Clover Subterranean Clover Common Mouse-ear Chickweed Self-heal Pimpernel White Clover Prostrate Knotweed Common Starwort Toowoomba Canary-grass Yorkshire Fog Italian Rye-grass Drain Flat-sedge Soft Brome Perennial Rye-grass Squirrel-tail Fescue Barley-grass Annual Meadow-grass Great Brome Prairie Grass Cocksfoot Water Couch Cleavers Common Vetch high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high low low low low low high high low low low low low low low low low high high high low high low low low low low low low high high low low Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 61: Box Ironbark Forest Description: Occurs on gently undulating rises, low hills and peneplains on infertile, often stony soils derived from a range of geologies. The open overstorey to 20 m tall consists of a variety of eucalypts, often including one of the Ironbark species. The mid storey often forms a dense to open small tree or shrub layer over an open ground layer ranging from a sparse to well-developed suite of herbs and grasses. Large trees: Species Eucalyptus spp. Eucalyptus (mallee) spp. DBH(cm) #/ha 70 cm 30 cm 15 / ha Tree Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species 30% Common Name Eucalyptus polyanthemos Eucalyptus macrorhyncha Eucalyptus tricarpa Eucalyptus goniocalyx s.s. Understorey: Life form Immature Canopy Tree Tree or Large Shrub Medium Shrub Small Shrub Prostrate Shrub Large Herb Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Bryophytes/Lichens Soil Crust Total understorey projective foliage cover Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark Red Box Red Stringybark Red Ironbark Bundy #Spp %Cover LF code 1 6 2 1 2 5 1 1 7 na na 5% 5% 25% 5% 1% 1% 10% 1% 5% 15% 10% 10% IT T MS SS PS LH MH SH LTG MTG BL S/C 80% EVC 61: Box Ironbark Forest - Central Victorian Uplands bioregion LF Code T MT MS MS MS MS PS LH LH MH MH MH SH MTG MTG MTG MTG Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common Name Exocarpos cupressiformis Eucalyptus behriana Acacia pycnantha Cassinia arcuata Brachyloma daphnoides Cassinia longifolia Astroloma humifusum Senecio tenuiflorus Wahlenbergia gracilis s.l. Gonocarpus tetragynus Einadia hastata Galium gaudichaudii Dichondra repens Joycea pallida Lomandra filiformis Dianella revoluta s.l. Austrodanthonia setacea Cherry Ballart Bull Mallee Golden Wattle Drooping Cassinia Daphne Heath Shiny Cassinia Cranberry Heath Slender Fireweed Sprawling Bluebell Common Raspwort Saloop Rough Bedstraw Kidney-weed Silvertop Wallaby-grass Wattle Mat-rush Black-anther Flax-lily Bristly Wallaby-grass Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 20 % cover Logs: 20 m/0.1 ha. Weediness: LF Code LH MH MTG MNG Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive Impact Sonchus oleraceus Hypochoeris radicata Vulpia bromoides Aira elegantissima Common Sow-thistle Cat's Ear Squirrel-tail Fescue Delicate Hair-grass high high high high low low low low Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment November 2007 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2007 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 64: Rocky Chenopod Woodland Description: Low open woodland to 8 m tall with an understorey dominated by chenopod (saltbush) species. Occurs on ridge-tops and steep upper slopes of hills with skeletal duplex soils that tend to have a high salt content and are fairly porous or impervious to water. Large trees: Species DBH(cm) Eucalyptus spp. 60 cm Tree Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species 10% Understorey Tree or Large Shrub Medium Shrub Small Shrub Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Scrambler or Climber Bryophytes/Lichens Soil Crust Total understorey projective foliage cover Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark 10 / ha Common Name Eucalyptus microcarpa Eucalyptus leucoxylon Eucalyptus behriana Understorey: Life form #/ha Grey Box Yellow Gum Bull Mallee #Spp %Cover LF code 1 5 2 4 3 3 1 na na 5% 10% 1% 5% 5% 10% 1% 10% 20% 60% T MS SS MH SH MTG SC BL S/C EVC 64: Rocky Chenopod Woodland - Central Victorian Uplands bioregion LF Code T MS MS MS MS SS MH MH SH SH SH SH MTG MTG EP SC Species typical of at least part of EVC range Melaleuca lanceolata ssp. lanceolata r Rhagodia parabolica Acacia acinacea s.l. Acacia pycnantha Cassinia longifolia Enchylaena tomentosa var. tomentosa Einadia hastata Einadia nutans ssp. nutans Dichondra repens Carpobrotus modestus Crassula sieberiana Calandrinia calyptrata Dianella revoluta s.l. Austrodanthonia setacea Amyema miquelii Clematis microphylla Common Name Moonah Fragrant Saltbush Gold-dust Wattle Golden Wattle Shiny Cassinia Ruby Saltbush Saloop Nodding Saltbush Kidney-weed Inland Pigface Sieber Crassula Pink Purslane Black-anther Flax-lily Bristly Wallaby-grass Box Mistletoe Small-leaved Clematis Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 10 % cover Logs: 10 m/0.1 ha. Weediness: LF Code MS LH MH MH MTG SC Typical Weed Species Lycium ferocissimum Sonchus asper s.l. Centaurium erythraea Anagallis arvensis Ehrharta longiflora Asparagus asparagoides Common Name African Box-thorn Rough Sow-thistle Common Centaury Pimpernel Annual Veldt-grass Bridal Creeper Invasive low high high high high high Impact high low low low low high Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 67: Alluvial Terraces Herb-rich Woodland Description: Open woodland to 15 m tall on broad alluvial plains and along ephemeral drainage lines. Soils are generally poorly drained duplex soils with sandy loam overlying a heavier clay subsoil. Understorey consists of few, if any shrubs with the striking feature of this EVC being the high species-richness of the ground-layer and the low biomass of this cover, particularly in summer. Large trees: Species Eucalyptus spp. DBH(cm) #/ha 70 cm 10 / ha Tree Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species 15% v Understorey: Life form Immature Canopy Tree Understorey Tree or Large Shrub Medium Shrub Large Herb Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Bryophytes/Lichens Soil Crust LF Code T T MS MS MS PS LH LH MH MH MH SH SH SH SH LTG LTG LTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MNG MNG TTG TTG TTG Common Name Eucalyptus leucoxylon ssp. connata Eucalyptus camaldulensis Melbourne Yellow-gum River Red-gum #Spp 2 2 2 9 3 1 8 2 na na Species typical of at least part of EVC range Acacia mearnsii Acacia melanoxylon Acacia pycnantha Leptospermum continentale Acacia paradoxa Astroloma humifusum Senecio tenuiflorus Senecio quadridentatus Einadia hastata Veronica plebeia Stellaria pungens Hydrocotyle laxiflora Cymbonotus preissianus Myriophyllum integrifolium Phyllangium divergens Xanthorrhoea minor ssp. lutea Juncus pallidus Deyeuxia quadriseta Lomandra filiformis Isolepis platycarpa Pentapogon quadrifidus Tricoryne elatior Poa tenera Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Centrolepis fascicularis Centrolepis aristata Aphelia pumilio Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark %Cover 5% 15% 5% 5% 20% 15% 1% 10% 10% 10% 10% LF code IT T MS LH MH SH LTG MTG MNG BL S/C Common Name Black Wattle Blackwood Golden Wattle Prickly Tea-tree Hedge Wattle Cranberry Heath Slender Fireweed Cotton Fireweed Saloop Trailing Speedwell Prickly Starwort Stinking Pennywort Austral Bear's-ear Tiny Water-milfoil Wiry Mitrewort Small Grass-tree Pale Rush Reed Bent-grass Wattle Mat-rush Broad-fruit Club-sedge Five-awned Spear-grass Yellow Rush-lily Slender Tussock-grass Weeping Grass Tufted Centrolepis Pointed Centrolepis Dwarf Aphelia EVC 67: Alluvial Terraces Herb-rich Woodland Central Victorian Uplands bioregion Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 10 % cover Logs: 15 m/0.1 ha. Weediness: LF Code Typical Weed Species LH MH MH MH MH MTG MTG TTG Cirsium vulgare Hypochoeris radicata Leontodon taraxacoides ssp. taraxacoides Arctotheca calendula Anagallis arvensis Vulpia bromoides Briza minor Cyperus tenellus Common Name Invasive Impact Spear Thistle Cat's Ear Hairy Hawkbit Cape Weed Pimpernel Squirrel-tail Fescue Lesser Quaking-grass Tiny Flat-sedge high high high high high high high high high low low low low low low low Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment May 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 68: Creekline Grassy Woodland Description: Eucalypt-dominated woodland to 15 m tall with occasional scattered shrub layer over a mostly grassy/sedgy to herbaceous ground-layer. Occurs on low-gradient ephemeral to intermittent drainage lines, typically on fertile colluvial/alluvial soils, on a wide range of suitably fertile geological substrates. These minor drainage lines can include a range of graminoid and herbaceous species tolerant of waterlogged soils, and are presumed to have sometimes resembled a linear wetland or system of interconnected small ponds. Large trees: Species DBH(cm) Eucalyptus spp. 80 cm Tree Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species 15% Immature Canopy Tree Understroey Tree or Large Shrub Medium Shrub Small Shrub Large Herb Medium Herb Small Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Large Non-tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Bryophytes/Lichens Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark 15 / ha Common Name Eucalyptus camaldulensis Understorey: Life form #/ha River Red-gum #Spp 1 4 3 2 9 3 3 1 15 3 na %Cover 5% 5% 10% 5% 5% 15% 5% 15% 5% 30% 5% 10% LF code IT T MS SS LH MH SH LTG LNG MTG MNG BL EVC 68: Creekline Grassy Woodland - Central Victorian Uplands bioregion LF Code T T MS MS MS SS PS LH LH MH MH SH LTG LTG LNG MTG MTG MTG MNG Species typical of at least part of EVC range Acacia dealbata Acacia melanoxylon Acacia pycnantha Melaleuca parvistaminea Acacia retinodes var. retinodes Pimelea humilis Astroloma humifusum Senecio tenuiflorus Senecio quadridentatus Centipeda cunninghamii Hypericum gramineum Dichondra repens Poa labillardierei Carex appressa Phragmites australis Elymus scaber var. scaber Juncus spp. Cyperus spp. Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Common Name Silver Wattle Blackwood Golden Wattle Rough-barked Haoney-myrtle Wilrilda Common Rice-flower Cranberry Heath Slender Fireweed Cottony Fireweed Common Sneezeweed Small St John's Wort Kidneyweed Common Tussock-grass Tall Sedge Common Reed Common Wheat-grass Rush Flat-sedge Weeping Grass Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 40 % cover Logs: 30 m/0.1 ha. Weediness: LF Code LH LH MH MH MH MH MH LTG LTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MNG MNG MNG Typical Weed Species Cirsium vulgare Sonchus oleraceus Hypochoeris radicata Anagallis arvensis Hypochoeris glabra Galium murale Oxalis pes-caprae Juncus acutus Phalaris aquatica Briza maxima Briza minor Romulea rosea Vulpia bromoides Bromus hordeaceus ssp. hordeaceus Aira elegantissima Vulpia muralis Bromus madritensis Common Name Spear Thistle Common Sow-thistle Cat's Ear Pimpernel Smooth Cat's-ear Small Goosegrass Soursob Spiny Rush Toowoomba Canary-grass Large Quaking-grass Lesser Quaking-grass Onion Grass Squirrel-tail Fescue Soft Brome Delicate Hair-grass Wall Fescue Madrid Brome Invasive high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high Impact high low low low low low high high high low low low low low low low low Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 70: Hillcrest Herb-rich Woodland Description: Restricted to low rainfall areas and occurs on broad, flat hilltops and ridgelines and upper slopes of undulating rises and rolling hills at low elevations. The flatness of the ridgetops allows for the formation of deeper soils derived from Ordovician sediments and together with clayey sub-soils found in pockets in fractured sedimentary rock, results in better growing conditions than on the surrounding slopes. The overstorey is sparse and consists of low spreading eucalypts to 10 m tall. The medium shrub layer is usually absent while the ground layer has a diverse array of grasses and herbs partly due to protection offered by the easterly aspect. Large trees: Species Eucalyptus spp. DBH(cm) #/ha 70 cm 15 / ha Tree Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species 15% Common Name Eucalyptus melliodora Eucalyptus goniocalyx s.s. Understorey: Life form Immature Canopy Tree Understorey Tree or Large Shrub Medium Shrub Small Shrub Prostrate Shrub Large Herb Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Tiny Tufted Graminoid* Ground Fern Scrambler or Climber Bryophytes/Lichens *Largely seasonal life form Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 20 % cover Logs: 15 m/0.1 ha. Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark Yellow Box Bundy #Spp 2 2 1 1 4 14 2 9 3 3 1 2 na %Cover 5% 5% 5% 1% 1% 10% 20% 5% 20% 5% 5% 5% 1% 10% LF code IT T MS SS PS LH MH SH MTG MNG TTG GF SC BL EVC 70: Hillcrest Herb-rich Woodland Central Victorian Uplands bioregion LF Code T T MS MS SS PS LH LH LH MH MH MH MH SH SH SH SH LTG MTG MTG MTG TTG TTG TTG TTG GF SC SC Species typical of at least part of EVC range Acacia mearnsii Exocarpos cupressiformis Brachyloma daphnoides Acacia paradoxa Hibbertia crinita Astroloma humifusum Senecio quadridentatus Wahlenbergia stricta Chrysocephalum semipapposum Gonocarpus elatus Stackhousia monogyna Pelargonium rodneyanum Xerochrysum viscosum Hydrocotyle laxiflora Hyalosperma demissum Kennedia prostrata Carpobrotus modestus Austrostipa mollis Austrostipa scabra ssp. falcata Schoenus apogon Neurachne alopecuroidea Centrolepis strigosa ssp. strigosa Centrolepis cephaloformis ssp. cephaloformis Centrolepis aristata Isolepis marginata Cheilanthes austrotenuifolia Thysanotus patersonii Drosera macrantha Weediness: LF Code Typical Weed Species LH MH MH MH MH MH MH MH MH MH MTG MTG MTG MTG MNG MNG MNG MNG Carduus tenuiflorus Hypochoeris glabra Anagallis arvensis Trifolium arvense var. arvense Trifolium campestre var. campestre Petrorhagia velutina Galium murale Parentucellia latifolia Arctotheca calendula Hypochoeris radicata Briza maxima Briza minor Vulpia bromoides Bromus hordeaceus ssp. hordeaceus Avena barbata Aira elegantissima Bromus madritensis Vulpia myuros Common Name Black Wattle Cherry Ballart Daphne Heath Hedge Wattle Hoary Guinea-flower Cranberry Heath Cotton Fireweed Tall Bluebell Clustered Everlasting Tall Raspwort Creamy Stackhousia Magenta Stork’s-bill Shiny Everlasting Stinking Pennywort Moss Sunray Running Postman Inland Pigface Supple Spear-grass Rough Spear-grass Common Bog-sedge Fox-tail Mulga-grass Hairy Centrolepis Cushion Centrolepis Pointed Centrolepis Little Club-sedge Green Rock-fern Twining Fringe-lily Climbing Sundew Common Name Winged Thistle Smooth Cat's-ear Pimpernel Hare's-foot Clover Hop Clover Velvety Pink Small Goosegrass Red Bartsia Cape Weed Cat's Ear Large Quaking-grass Lesser Quaking-grass Squirrel-tail Fescue Soft Brome Bearded Oat Delicate Hair-grass Madrid Brome Rat's-tail Fescue Invasive Impact high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high low low low low low low low low low low low low low low low low low low Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment September 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 71: Hills Herb-rich Woodland Description: A dry, open eucalypt woodland to 15 m tall often with a sparse shrub layer. The understorey is dominated by a carpet of herbs and grasses. Soils are generally shallow but fertile, and outcropping rock is not uncommon. This seasonally dry environment is favourable for annual herbs, with the fertile nature of the various geologies also supporting perennial herbs. Landform can vary from relatively flat ground to ridge tops on sedimentary sandstones (along seams of mineral-rich sandstone) to undulating, rounded, granite hill landforms. Large trees: Species DBH(cm) Eucalyptus spp. #/ha 70 cm 15 / ha Tree Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species 15% Common Name Eucalyptus microcarpa Eucalyptus melliodora Eucalyptus camaldulensis Understorey: Life form Immature Canopy Tree Understorey Tree or Large Shrub Medium Shrub Small Shrub Prostrate Shrub Large Herb Medium Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Bryophytes/Lichens Soil Crust Total understorey projective foliage cover Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark Grey Box Yellow Box River Red-gum #Spp 1 4 2 1 1 4 1 8 3 na na %Cover 5% 5% 10% 1% 1% 5% 5% 1% 25% 5% 10% 10% 75% LF code IT T MS SS PS LH MH LTG MTG MNG BL S/C EVC 71: Hills Herb-rich Woodland - Central Victorian Uplands bioregion LF Code T MS MS MS PS MH MH MTG MTG MTG MTG MNG Species typical of at least part of EVC range Allocasuarina verticillata Acacia pycnantha Acacia paradoxa Ozothamnus obcordatus Bossiaea prostrata Hypericum gramineum Gonocarpus tetragynus Poa sieberiana Lomandra filiformis Themeda triandra Tricoryne elatior Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Common Name Drooping Sheoak Golden Wattle Hedge Wattle Grey Everlasting Creeping Bossiaea Small St John's Wort Common Raspwort Grey Tussock-grass Wattle Mat-rush Kangaroo Grass Yellow Rush-lily Weeping Grass Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 20 % cover Logs: 15 m/0.1 ha. Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 72: Granitic Hills Woodland Description: Mainly restricted to granite rocky outcrops and structurally consists of a low woodland to 10 m high with the dominant trees often being stunted. Large trees: Species DBH(cm) Eucalyptus spp. 60 cm Tree Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species 15% Immature Canopy Tree Understorey Tree or Large Shrub Medium Shrub Large Herb Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Ground Fern Scrambler or Climber Bryophytes/Lichens Soil Crust Total understorey projective foliage cover Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark 15 / ha Common Name Eucalyptus macrorhyncha Eucalyptus goniocalyx s.l. Understorey: Life form #/ha Red Stringybark Bundy #Spp 2 5 4 9 2 11 2 2 2 na na %Cover 5% 10% 5% 10% 15% 5% 20% 1% 5% 1% 10% 10% 85% LF code IT T MS LH MH SH MTG MNG GF SC BL S/C EVC 72: Granitic Hills Woodland - Central Victorian Uplands bioregion LF Code T T MS MS MS MS SS PS LH LH LH LH MH MH MH MH SH SH SH MTG MTG MTG MTG MNG MNG TTG GF GF GF EP SC SC SC Species typical of at least part of EVC range Exocarpos cupressiformis Acacia mearnsii Brachyloma daphnoides Grevillea alpina Indigofera australis Acacia verniciflua Dillwynia sericea s.l. Acrotriche serrulata Stypandra glauca Wahlenbergia stricta Senecio quadridentatus Senecio hispidulus Gonocarpus elatus Senecio hispidulus var. dissectus Isotoma axillaris Geranium solanderi s.l. Hydrocotyle laxiflora Crassula sieberiana Cymbonotus preissianus Joycea pallida Poa sieberiana Lomandra filiformis Luzula meridionalis var. flaccida Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Hemarthria uncinata var. uncinata Centrolepis strigosa ssp. strigosa Cheilanthes austrotenuifolia Pteridium esculentum Cheilanthes sieberi ssp. sieberi Amyema pendula Hardenbergia violacea Comesperma volubile Thysanotus patersonii Common Name Cherry Ballart Black Wattle Daphne Heath Cat's Claw Grevillea Austral Indigo Varnish Wattle Showy Parrot-pea Honey-pots Nodding Blue-lily Tall Bluebell Cotton Fireweed Rough Fireweed Tall Raspwort Rough Fireweed Rock Isotome Austral Cranesbill Stinking Pennywort Sieber Crassula Austral Bear's-ear Silvertop Wallaby-grass Grey Tussock-grass Wattle Mat-rush Common Woodrush Weeping Grass Mat Grass Hairy Centrolepis Green Rock-fern Austral Bracken Narrow Rock-fern Drooping Mistletoe Purple Coral-pea Love Creeper Twining Fringe-lily Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 20 % cover Logs: 15 m/0.1 ha. Weediness: LF Code LH MH MH MH MH MTG MTG MTG MTG MNG MNG Typical Weed Species Carduus pycnocephalus Hypochoeris radicata Centaurium erythraea Anagallis arvensis Trifolium arvense var. arvense Briza maxima Vulpia bromoides Briza minor Bromus diandrus Aira spp. Aira elegantissima Common Name Slender Thistle Cat's Ear Common Centaury Pimpernel Hare's-foot Clover Large Quaking-grass Squirrel-tail Fescue Lesser Quaking-grass Great Brome Hair Grass Delicate Hair-grass Invasive high high high high high high high high high high high Impact high low low low low low low low low low low Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment May 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 80: Spring Soak Woodland Description: Woodland to 10m tall with an understorey dominated by medium and small herbs and occasional shrubs. Generally occurring on granitic-outwash soils and dependent on the continual availability of a reliable water supply. Large trees: Species DBH(cm) Eucalyptus spp. 50 cm #/ha 5 / ha Tree Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species 15% Understorey: Life form Immature Canopy Tree Understorey Tree or Large Shrub Medium Shrub Small Shrub Large Herb Medium Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Large Non-tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Ground Fern Bryophytes/Lichens LF Code T MS MS MS SS SS SS MH MH LTG MTG MTG MTG MTG GF SC Common Name Eucalyptus blakelyi Eucalyptus polyanthemos Blakely's Red-gum Red Box #Spp 1 3 3 2 10 1 1 15 2 1 na Species typical of at least part of EVC range Acacia implexa Calytrix tetragona Acacia pycnantha Acacia mitchellii Hibbertia riparia Pultenaea prostrata Dillwynia sericea s.l. Crassula decumbens var. decumbens Hypericum gramineum Austrostipa nodosa Lomandra filiformis Poa morrisii Arthropodium strictum s.l. Chamaescilla corymbosa var. corymbosa Cheilanthes sieberi ssp. sieberi Thysanotus patersonii Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark %Cover 5% 5% 10% 5% 5% 25% 1% 5% 25% 5% 5% 20% LF code IT T MS SS LH MH LTG LNG MTG MNG GF BL Common Name Lightwood Common Fringe-myrtle Golden Wattle Mitchell's Wattle Erect Guinea-flower Silky Bush-pea Showy Parrot-pea Spreading Crassula Small St John's Wort Knotty Spear-grass Wattle Mat-rush Soft Tussock-grass Chocolate Lily Blue Stars Narrow Rock-fern Twining Fringe-lily EVC 80: Spring Soak Woodland - Central Victorian Uplands bioregion Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 20 % cover Logs: 5 m/0.1 ha. Weediness: LF Code LH LH MH MH MH MH MH MH MH MH MH SH LNG MTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MNG MNG MNG MNG TTG TTG Typical Weed Species Solanum nigrum sensu Willis (1972) Dittrichia graveolens Hypochoeris radicata Arctotheca calendula Cicendia filiformis Cicendia quadrangularis Vellereophyton dealbatum Hypochoeris glabra Moenchia erecta Acetosella vulgaris Anagallis arvensis Soliva sessilis Holcus lanatus Romulea rosea Vulpia bromoides Lolium perenne Poa annua Briza minor Ehrharta longiflora Briza maxima Avena barbata Aira spp. Juncus capitatus Aira caryophyllea Isolepis hystrix Cyperus tenellus Common Name Invasive Impact Black Nightshade Stinkwort Cat's Ear Cape Weed Slender Cicendia Square Cicendia White Cudweed Smooth Cat's-ear Erect Chickweed Sheep Sorrel Pimpernel Jo Jo Yorkshire Fog Onion Grass Squirrel-tail Fescue Perennial Rye-grass Annual Meadow-grass Lesser Quaking-grass Annual Veldt-grass Large Quaking-grass Bearded Oat Hair Grass Capitate Rush Silvery Hair-grass Awned Club-sedge Tiny Flat-sedge high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high low low low low low low low high low low high low low high low low low low low low low low low low Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 82: Riverine Escarpment Scrub Description: Shrubland to 10 m tall with occasional emergent eucalypts. Occurs on shallow colluvial soils along rocky cliffs and slopes associated with rivers and creeks and may extend onto alluvial terraces. Characterised by a dense medium to tall shrub layer over a ground layer which can range from low to high diversity and consist of a variety of graminoids and herbs. Ferns can often be a major component of the ground stratum. Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species 30% Understorey: Life form Immature Canopy Shrub Medium Shrub Small Shrub Prostrate Shrub Large Herb Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Ground Fern Scrambler or Climber Bryophytes/Lichens LF Code MS MS MS MS SS SS PS LH LH MH MH MH MH SH SH LTG LTG LTG LTG MTG MTG MNG GF GF GF GF Common Name Acacia melanoxylon Pomaderris aspera Acacia dealbata Blackwood Hazel Pomaderris Silver Wattle #Spp 8 2 1 2 12 3 4 3 2 3 1 na Species typical of at least part of EVC range Coprosma quadrifida Lomatia myricoides Leptospermum brevipes Kunzea ericoides Leucopogon hookeri Platylobium formosum Acrotriche serrulata Epilobium billardierianum ssp. hydrophilum Senecio tenuiflorus Ajuga australis Acaena novae-zelandiae Lagenophora stipitata Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Dichondra repens Hydrocotyle laxiflora Cyperus lucidus Carex appressa Lomandra longifolia Poa labillardierei var. labillardierei Poa sieberiana var. sieberiana Dianella tasmanica Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Pteridium esculentum Polystichum proliferum Adiantum aethiopicum Blechnum nudum Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark %Cover 5% 30% 1% 1% 5% 20% 5% 15% 10% 5% 10% 5% 10% LF code IT MS SS PS LH MH SH LTG MTG MNG GF SC BL Common Name Prickly Currant-bush River Lomatia Slender Tea-tree Burgan Mountain Beard-heath Handsome Flat-pea Honey-pots Robust Willow-herb Slender Fireweed Austral Bugle Bidgee-widgee Common Bottle-daisy Ivy-leaf Violet Kidney-weed Stinking Pennywort Leafy Flat-sedge Tall Sedge Spiny-headed Mat-rush Common Tussock-grass Grey Tussock-grass Tasman Flax-lily Weeping Grass Austral Bracken Mother Shield-fern Common Maidenhair Fishbone Water-fern EVC 82: Riverine Escarpment Scrub Central Victorian Uplands bioregion Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 40 % cover Logs: 5 m/0.1 ha. (note: large log class does not apply) Weediness: LF Code MS MS MS MH MH MH LNG Typical Weed Species Rosa rubiginosa Rubus sp. aff. armeniacus Rubus fruticosus spp. agg. Hypochoeris radicata Centaurium erythraea Prunella vulgaris Holcus lanatus Common Name Invasive Impact Sweet Briar Blackberry Blackberry Cat's Ear Common Centaury Self-heal Yorkshire Fog high high high high high high high high high high low low low high Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 83: Swampy Riparian Woodland Description: Woodland to 15 m tall generally occupying low energy streams of the foothills and plains. The lower strata are variously locally dominated by a range of large and medium shrub species on the stream levees in combination with large tussock grasses and sedges in the ground layer. Large trees: Species DBH(cm) Eucalyptus spp. 70 cm #/ha 10 / ha Tree Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species 20% Understorey: Life form Immature Canopy Tree Understorey Tree or Large Shrub Medium Shrub Small Shrub Large Herb Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Large Non-tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Ground Fern Bryophytes/Lichens LF Code T T MS MS MS SS LH LH MH LTG LTG LTG LTG LNG MTG MTG MNG MNG MNG GF GF GF GF Common Name Eucalyptus globulus ssp. bicostata Eucalyptus ovata Eurabbie Swamp Gum #Spp %Cover LF code 3 3 1 3 7 2 5 3 9 5 4 na 5% 10% 5% 1% 5% 15% 5% 10% 15% 15% 15% 10% 20% IT T MS SS LH MH SH LTG LNG MTG MNG GF BL Species typical of at least part of EVC range Acacia pravissima Acacia melanoxylon Dodonaea viscosa ssp. angustissima Leptospermum lanigerum Dodonaea viscosa Rubus parvifolius Persicaria hydropiper Wahlenbergia gracilis s.l. Hypericum gramineum Juncus sarophorus Lomandra longifolia Carex appressa Poa labillardierei Phragmites australis Themeda triandra Lomandra filiformis Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Isolepis habra Cyperus sphaeroideus Blechnum nudum Pteridium esculentum Blechnum minus Adiantum aethiopicum Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark Common Name Ovens Wattle Blackwood Slender Hop-bush Woolly Tea-tree Sticky Hop-bush Small-leaf Bramble Water Pepper Sprawling Bluebell Small St John's Wort Broom Rush Spiny-headed Mat-rush Tall Sedge Common Tussock-grass Common Reed Kangaroo Grass Wattle Mat-rush Weeping Grass Wispy Club-sedge Globe Kyllinga Fishbone Water-fern Austral Bracken Soft Water-fern Common Maidenhair EVC 83: Swampy Riparian Woodland - Central Victorian Uplands bioregion Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 20 % cover Logs: 20 m/0.1 ha. Weediness: LF Code Typical Weed Species MS MS LH LH LH LH LH LH LH LH MH MH MH MH MH MH MH MH SH SH LTG LNG LNG MTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MNG MNG MNG Rosa rubiginosa Rubus fruticosus spp. agg. Sonchus oleraceus Rumex crispus Carduus pycnocephalus Conyza bonariensis Cirsium vulgare Verbascum virgatum Solanum nigrum sensu Willis (1972) Silybum marianum Hypochoeris radicata Acetosella vulgaris Centaurium erythraea Lotus corniculatus Anagallis arvensis Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum Mimulus moschatus Petrorhagia velutina Callitriche stagnalis Trifolium repens var. repens Phalaris aquatica Holcus lanatus Avena spp. Briza maxima Bromus diandrus Paspalum dilatatum Cyperus eragrostis Vulpia bromoides Setaria viridis Briza minor Ehrharta erecta var. erecta Cynosurus echinatus Paspalum distichum Aira cupaniana Common Name Invasive Impact Sweet Briar Blackberry Common Sow-thistle Curled Dock Slender Thistle Flaxleaf Fleabane Spear Thistle Twiggy Mullein Black Nightshade Variegated Thistle Cat's Ear Sheep Sorrel Common Centaury Bird's-foot Trefoil Pimpernel Watercress Musk Monkey-flower Velvety Pink Common Starwort White Clover Toowoomba Canary-grass Yorkshire Fog Oat Large Quaking-grass Great Brome Paspalum Drain Flat-sedge Squirrel-tail Fescue Green Pigeon-grass Lesser Quaking-grass Panic Veldt-grass Rough Dog's-tail Water Couch Quicksilver Grass high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high low low high low high high low high low high low high low high high low high high high high low low low high high low low low high low high low Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 125: Plains Grassy Wetland Description: This EVC is usually treeless, but in some instances can include sparse River Red Gum Eucalyptus camaldulensis or Swamp Gum Eucalyptus ovata. A sparse shrub component may also be present. The characteristic ground cover is dominated by grasses and small sedges and herbs. The vegetation is typically species-rich on the outer verges but is usually species-poor in the wetter central areas. Life Forms: Life form Large Herb Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Large Non-tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Bryophytes/Lichens LF Code #Spp 5 6 3 3 1 8 2 na %Cover 5% 10% 10% 15% 5% 30% 10% 10% Species typical of at least part of EVC range Epilobium billardierianum Villarsia reniformis Epilobium billardierianum ssp. cinereum Potamogeton tricarinatus s.l. Lilaeopsis polyantha Utricularia dichotoma s.l. Eryngium vesiculosum Neopaxia australasica Lobelia pratioides Juncus flavidus Deyeuxia quadriseta Amphibromus nervosus Poa labillardierei Triglochin procerum s.l. Glyceria australis Juncus holoschoenus Austrodanthonia duttoniana Eleocharis acuta Eleocharis pusilla LH LH LH MH MH MH SH SH SH LTG LTG LTG LTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MNG MNG LF code LH MH SH LTG LNG MTG MNG BL Common Name Variable Willow-herb Running Marsh-flower Grey Willow-herb Floating Pondweed Australian Lilaeopsis Fairies' Aprons Prickfoot White Purslane Poison Lobelia Gold Rush Reed Bent-grass Common Swamp Wallaby-grass Common Tussock-grass Water Ribbons Australian Sweet-grass Joint-leaf Rush Brown-back Wallaby-grass Common Spike-sedge Small Spike-sedge Recruitment: Episodic/Flood. Desirable period between disturbances is 5 years. Organic Litter: 20% cover Weediness: LF Code Typical Weed Species LH MH MH LTG LNG MTG MTG TTG Cirsium vulgare Leontodon taraxacoides ssp. taraxacoides Hypochoeris radicata Phalaris aquatica Holcus lanatus Briza minor Romulea rosea Cyperus tenellus Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark Common Name Invasive Impact Spear Thistle Hairy Hawkbit Cat's Ear Toowoomba Canary-grass Yorkshire Fog Lesser Quaking-grass Onion Grass Tiny Flat-sedge high high high high high high high high high low low high high low low low EVC 125: Plains Grassy Wetland – Central Victorian Uplands bioregion Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment May 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 127: Valley Heathy Forest Description: A low, open forest to 15 m tall with a sedgy/grassy understorey with a component of small ericoid shrubs and grass-trees. Soil and moisture factors are critical in delimiting the vegetation. Large trees: Species DBH(cm) Eucalyptus spp. 70 cm Tree Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species 30% Immature Canopy Tree Understorey Tree or Large Shrub Medium Shrub Small Shrub Prostrate Shrub Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Large Non-tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Ground Fern Scrambler or Climber Bryophytes/Lichens Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark 20 / ha Common Name Eucalyptus melliodora Eucalyptus goniocalyx s.l. Eucalyptus macrorhyncha Understorey: Life form #/ha Yellow Box Bundy Red Stringybark #Spp %Cover LF code 2 7 5 2 6 3 3 2 6 1 1 3 na 5% 10% 15% 5% 1% 10% 5% 5% 20% 15% 1% 1% 5% 10% IT T MS SS PS MH SH LTG LNG MTG MNG GF SC BL EVC 127: Valley Heathy Forest - Central Victorian Uplands bioregion LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Exocarpos cupressiformis Epacris impressa Cassinia aculeata Daviesia leptophylla Cassinia arcuata Platylobium obtusangulum Dillwynia cinerascens s.l. Hovea heterophylla Pimelea humilis Acrotriche serrulata Bossiaea prostrata Leptorhynchos tenuifolius Gonocarpus tetragynus Helichrysum scorpioides Opercularia varia Drosera whittakeri ssp. aberrans Oxalis corniculata s.l. Xanthorrhoea minor ssp. lutea Deyeuxia quadriseta Gahnia radula Lomandra filiformis Joycea pallida Poa morrisii Dianella revoluta s.l. Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Lindsaea linearis Billardiera scandens Hardenbergia violacea T MS MS MS MS SS SS SS SS PS PS MH MH MH SH SH SH LTG LTG LNG MTG MTG MTG MTG MNG GF SC SC Common Name Cherry Ballart Common Heath Common Cassinia Narrow-leaf Bitter-pea Drooping Cassinia Common Flat-pea Grey Parrot-pea Common Hovea Common Rice-flower Honey-pots Creeping Bossiaea Wiry Buttons Common Raspwort Button Everlasting Variable Stinkweed Scented Sundew Yellow Wood-sorrel Small Grass-tree Reed Bent-grass Thatch Saw-sedge Wattle Mat-rush Silvertop Wallaby-grass Soft Tussock-grass Black-anther Flax-lily Weeping Grass Screw Fern Common Apple-berry Purple Coral-pea Recruitment: Episodic/Fire. Desirable period between disturbances is 30 years. Organic Litter: 40 % cover Logs: 20 m/0.1 ha. Weediness: LF Code Typical Weed Species T MS LH MH MTG MTG Pinus radiata Rubus fruticosus spp. agg. Plantago lanceolata Hypochoeris radicata Briza maxima Anthoxanthum odoratum Common Name Invasive Impact Radiata Pine Blackberry Ribwort Cat's Ear Large Quaking-grass Sweet Vernal-grass low high high high high high high high low low low high Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment May 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 128: Grassy Forest Description: Low growing forest to 20 m tall with an understorey of small and medium shrubs and a rich diversity of herbs. Large shrubs and understorey trees may also be conspicuous. Often grows in areas transitional between drier box stringybark forests and taller herb-rich forests typical of more favourable environments. Large trees: Species DBH(cm) Eucalyptus spp. 70 cm #/ha 20 / ha Tree Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species 30% Common Name Eucalyptus obliqua Eucalyptus rubida Eucalyptus radiata s.l. Understorey: Life form Immature Canopy Tree Understorey Tree or Large Shrub Medium Shrub Small Shrub Prostrate Shrub Large Herb Medium Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Scrambler or Climber Bryophytes/Lichens Total understorey projective foliage cover Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark Messmate Stringybark Candlebark Narrow-leaf Peppermint #Spp 2 3 4 2 3 10 1 9 2 na %Cover 5% 10% 10% 5% 1% 5% 15% 5% 30% 1% 10% 80% LF code IT T MS SS PS LH MH LTG MTG SC BL EVC 128: Grassy Forest - Central Victorian Uplands bioregion LF Code MS MS MS SS SS SS SS PS PS LH LH LH MH MH MH MH SH MTG MTG MTG MTG GF SC Species typical of at least part of EVC range Epacris impressa Daviesia leptophylla Pultenaea gunnii Hovea heterophylla Dillwynia cinerascens s.l. Leucopogon virgatus Tetratheca ciliata Acrotriche serrulata Platylobium formosum Senecio tenuiflorus Senecio glomeratus Wahlenbergia gymnoclada Helichrysum scorpioides Poranthera microphylla Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Gonocarpus tetragynus Opercularia varia Poa sieberiana Lomandra filiformis Dichelachne sciurea spp. agg. Stylidium graminifolium s.l. Pteridium esculentum Hardenbergia violacea Common Name Common Heath Narrow-leaf Bitter-pea Golden Bush-pea Common Hovea Grey Parrot-pea Common Beard-heath Pink-bells Honey-pots Handsome Flat-pea Slender Fireweed Annual Fireweed Naked Bluebell Button Everlasting Small Poranthera Ivy-leaf Violet Common Raspwort Variable Stinkweed Grey Tussock-grass Wattle Mat-rush Short-hair Plume-grass Grass Trigger-plant Austral Bracken Purple Coral-pea Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 20 % cover Logs: 20 m/0.1 ha. Weediness: LF Code T MH MTG MTG Typical Weed Species Pinus radiata Hypochoeris radicata Anthoxanthum odoratum Agrostis capillaris s.l. Common Name Invasive Impact Radiata Pine Cat's Ear Sweet Vernal-grass Brown-top Bent low high high high high low high high Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 132: Plains Grassland Description: Treeless vegetation dominated by largely graminoid and herb life forms. Shrubs and trees may be also occasionally present. Life Forms: Life form Small Shrub Large Herb Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Bryophytes/Lichens Soil Crust LF Code LH LH MH MH MH MH SH SH LTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MNG #Spp %Cover LF code 1 3 10 3 1 13 4 na na 1% 10% 20% 5% 5% 50% 10% 10% 10% SS LH MH SH LTG MTG MNG BL S/C Species typical of at least part of EVC range Eryngium ovinum Senecio quadridentatus Calocephalus citreus Acaena echinata Leptorhynchos squamatus Geranium retrorsum s.l. Solenogyne dominii Lobelia pratioides Austrostipa bigeniculata Themeda triandra Austrodanthonia caespitosa Elymus scaber var. scaber Schoenus apogon Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark Common Name Blue Devil Cottony Fireweed Lemon Beauty-heads Sheep's Burr Scaly Buttons Grassland Crane’s-bill Smooth Solenogyne Poison Lobelia Kneed Spear-grass Kangaroo Grass Common Wallaby-grass Common Wheat-grass Common Bog-sedge Weeping Grass EVC 132: Plains Grassland - Central Victorian Uplands bioregion Recruitment: Episodic/Fire or Grazing. Desirable period between disturbances is 5 years. Organic Litter: 10% cover Weediness: LF Code Typical Weed Species LH LH LH MH MH MH MH MH MH LTG LNG MTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MNG MNG Plantago lanceolata Cirsium vulgare Sonchus oleraceus Hypochoeris radicata Leontodon taraxacoides ssp. taraxacoides Trifolium subterraneum Plantago coronopus Trifolium striatum Trifolium dubium Phalaris aquatica Holcus lanatus Romulea rosea Vulpia bromoides Briza minor Bromus hordeaceus ssp. hordeaceus Briza maxima Lolium rigidum Lolium perenne Nassella neesiana Cynosurus echinatus Juncus capitatus Common Name Ribwort Spear Thistle Common Sow-thistle Cat's Ear Hairy Hawkbit Subterranean Clover Buck's-horn Plantain Knotted Clover Suckling Clover Toowoomba Canary-grass Yorkshire Fog Onion Grass Squirrel-tail Fescue Lesser Quaking-grass Soft Brome Large Quaking-grass Wimmera Rye-grass Perennial Rye-grass Chilean Needle-grass Rough Dog's-tail Capitate Rush Invasive high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high Impact low high low low low low low low low high high low low low low low low low high low low Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 134: Sand Forest Description: Eucalypt forest to 20 m tall occurring on deep, low fertility sand deposits subject to high fire frequency. The understorey is visually dominated by Austral Bracken and the overall diversity is low. Large trees: Species DBH(cm) Eucalyptus spp. 70 cm #/ha 15 / ha Tree Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species Understorey: Life form Immature Canopy Tree Understorey Tree or Large Shrub Medium Shrub Small Shrub Prostrate Shrub Medium Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Ground Fern Bryophytes/Lichens LF Code T MS MS MS SS PS PS MH MH LTG MTG MTG MTG MNG GF Common Name Eucalyptus viminalis ssp. cygnetensis 30% Rough-barked Manna-gum #Spp 1 3 1 2 2 1 7 2 1 na Species typical of at least part of EVC range Acacia mearnsii Leptospermum continentale Brachyloma daphnoides Acacia paradoxa Astroloma conostephioides Bossiaea prostrata Astroloma humifusum Goodenia geniculata Gonocarpus tetragynus Xanthorrhoea australis Lomandra filiformis Austrodanthonia geniculata Lomandra nana Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Pteridium esculentum Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 40 % cover Logs: 15 m/0.1 ha. Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark %Cover 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 1% 15% 1% 50% 10% LF code IT T MS SS PS MH LTG MTG MNG GF BL Common Name Black Wattle Prickly Tea-tree Daphne Heath Hedge Wattle Flame Heath Creeping Bossiaea Cranberry Heath Bent Goodenia Common Raspwort Austral Grass-tree Wattle Mat-rush Kneed Wallaby-grass Dwarf Mat-rush Weeping Grass Austral Bracken EVC 134: Sand Forest – Central Victorian Uplands bioregion Weediness: LF Code MH MH LNG MNG MNG MNG MNG MNG MNG Typical Weed Species Hypochoeris radicata Hypochoeris glabra Holcus lanatus Vulpia bromoides Briza minor Briza maxima Aira elegantissima Holcus setosus Aira praecox Common Name Cat's Ear Smooth Cat's-ear Yorkshire Fog Squirrel-tail Fescue Lesser Quaking-grass Large Quaking-grass Delicate Hair-grass Annual Fog Early Hair-grass Invasive high high high high high high high high high Impact low low high low low low low low low Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 136: Sedge Wetland Description: Occupies seasonal wetlands and consists of generally treeless vegetation dominated by sedges. May contain a fringe of shrubs and isolated shrubs may also be present throughout. Usually of low diversity in central areas, but richer on verges and in some more ephemeral forms of the EVC. Frequently on soils of high organic content and in depressions within sandy terrain. Life Forms: Life form Large Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Large Non-tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid #Spp 2 1 2 1 1 Total understorey projective foliage cover LF Code LH LH SH LTG LNG LNG MTG MNG %Cover 5% 1% 40% 5% 5% LF code LH LTG LNG MTG MNG 55% Species typical of at least part of EVC range Villarsia reniformis v Thelymitra circumsepta Lobelia pratioides Deyeuxia quadriseta Lepidosperma longitudinale Baumea rubiginosa s.l. Lachnagrostis filiformis var. filiformis Chorizandra cymbaria s.l. Common Name Running Marsh-flower Naked Sun-orchid Poison Lobelia Reed Bent-grass Pithy Sword-sedge Soft Twig-rush Common Blown-grass Heron Bristle-sedge Recruitment: Episodic/Flood. Desirable period between disturbances is 5 years. Weediness: LF Code MH MH LNG Typical Weed Species Leontodon taraxacoides ssp. taraxacoides Hypochoeris radicata Holcus lanatus Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark Common Name Hairy Hawkbit Cat's Ear Yorkshire Fog Invasive high high high Impact low low low EVC 136: Sedge Wetland - Central Victorian Uplands bioregion Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment September 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 164: Creekline Herb-rich Woodland Description: Woodland or open forest to 15 m tall occurring on creek terraces and along shallow drainage lines with ephemeral flows. Soils are mostly alluvial deposits of seasonally wet sands and silts. Characterised by a sparse shrub layer above a grassy/sedgy understorey, often rich in herbs within the inter-tussock spaces. Large trees: Species DBH(cm) Eucalyptus spp. 70 cm Tree Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species 15% Immature Canopy Tree Understorey Tree or Large Shrub Medium Shrub Small Shrub Prostrate Shrub Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Large Non-tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Bryophytes/Lichens Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark 10 / ha Common Name Eucalyptus ovata Eucalyptus viminalis Eucalyptus radiata ssp. radiata Life Forms: Life form #/ha Swamp Gum Manna Gum Narrow-leaf Peppermint #Spp 2 3 1 1 6 1 1 1 2 1 na %Cover 5% 5% 15% 5% 1% 20% 5% 20% 5% 5% 5% 20% LF code IT T MS SS PS MH SH LTG LNG MTG MNG BL EVC 164: Creekline Herb-rich Woodland - Central Victorian Uplands bioregion LF Code T T MS MS MS PS LH MH MH MH SH LTG LNG MTG MNG GF GF Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common Name Pteridium esculentum Adiantum aethiopicum Blackwood Silver Wattle Sweet Bursaria Large-leaf Bush-pea Prickly Tea-tree Honey-pots Fireweed Groundsel Bidgee-widgee Prickly Starwort Cinqefoil Kidneyweed Common Tussock-grass Thatch Saw-sedge Common Woodrush Weeping Grass Austral Barcken Common Maidehair Acacia melanoxylon Acacia dealbata Bursaria spinosa Pultenaea daphnoides Leptospermum continentale Acrotriche serrulata Senecio linearifolius Acaena novae-zelandiae Stellaria pungens Geranium potentilloides Dichondra repens Poa labillardierei Gahnia radula Luzula meridionalis var. flaccida Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 20 % cover Logs: 10 m/0.1 ha. Weediness: LF Code LH MH MTG LNG Typical Weed Species Cirsium vulgare Hypochoeris radicata Anxothanthum odoratum Holcus lanatus Common Name Invasive Impact Spear Thistle Cat's Ear Sweet Vernal Grass Yorkshire Fog high high high high high low high high Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 175_61: Grassy Woodland Description: A variable open eucalypt woodland to 15 m tall over a diverse ground layer of grasses and herbs. The shrub component is usually sparse. It occurs on sites with moderate fertility on plains or undulating hills on a range of geologies. Large trees: Species DBH(cm) Eucalyptus spp. 70 cm #/ha 15 / ha Tree Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species 15% Understorey: Life form Immature Canopy Tree Understorey Tree or Large Shrub Medium Shrub Small Shrub Prostrate Shrub Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Bryophytes/Lichens LF Code T T MS MS SS PS MH MH SH SH SH MTG MTG MTG MTG MNG Common Name Eucalyptus polyanthemos Eucalyptus viminalis Eucalyptus yarraensis Eucalyptus pauciflora Eucalyptus ovata Red Box Manna Gum Yarra Gum Snow Gum Swamp Gum #Spp %Cover LF code 1 2 1 1 8 3 8 1 na 5% 5% 15% 1% 1% 20% 10% 40% 1% 10% IT T MS SS PS MH SH MTG MNG BL Species typical of at least part of EVC range Allocasuarina littoralis Allocasuarina verticillata Acacia pycnantha Acacia paradoxa Pimelea humilis Bossiaea prostrata Gonocarpus tetragynus Drosera peltata ssp. auriculata Dichondra repens Opercularia varia Drosera whittakeri ssp. aberrans Lepidosperma filiforme Lomandra filiformis Poa sieberiana Dianella revoluta s.l. Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark Common Name Black Sheoak Drooping Sheoak Golden Wattle Hedge Wattle Common Rice-flower Creeping Bossiaea Common Raspwort Tall Sundew Kidney-weed Variable Stinkweed Scented Sundew Common Rapier-sedge Wattle Mat-rush Grey Tussock-grass Black-anther Flax-lily Weeping Grass EVC 175_61: Grassy Woodland - Central Victorian Uplands bioregion Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 20 % cover Logs: 15 m/0.1 ha. Weediness: LF Code MH MTG MTG MTG MNG MNG Typical Weed Species Hypochoeris radicata Briza maxima Romulea rosea Briza minor Vulpia myuros Aira cupaniana Common Name Invasive Impact Cat's Ear Large Quaking-grass Onion Grass Lesser Quaking-grass Rat's-tail Fescue Quicksilver Grass high high high high high high low low low low low low Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 175_62: Granitic Grassy Woodland Description: A variable eucalypt woodland or open forest to 15 m tall over a distinct large and medium shrub layer and diverse ground layer of grasses and herbs. It occurs on sites with moderate fertility on plains or weathered undulating granitic hills in areas with moderately high rainfall (>600 mm per annum). Large trees: Species DBH(cm) Eucalyptus spp. 70 cm #/ha 15 / ha Tree Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species 15% Understorey: Life form Immature Canopy Tree Understorey Tree or Large Shrub Medium Shrub Small Shrub Prostrate Shrub Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Ground Fern Bryophytes/Lichens LF Code T T MS MS MS SS PS MH MH MH MH SH SH SH SH LTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MNG GF Common Name Eucalyptus rubida Eucalyptus viminalis Eucalyptus yarraensis Eucalyptus pauciflora Eucalyptus ovata Candlebark Manna Gum Yarra Gum Snow Gum Swamp Gum #Spp 2 2 1 1 8 3 1 8 1 1 na Species typical of at least part of EVC range Acacia melanoxylon Acacia implexa Acacia pycnantha Acacia paradoxa Cassinia arcuata Pimelea humilis Bossiaea prostrata Gonocarpus tetragynus Drosera peltata ssp. auriculata Acaena novae-zelandiae Chrysocephalum apiculatum s.l. Dichondra repens Opercularia varia Drosera whittakeri ssp. aberrans Hydrocotyle laxiflora Deyeuxia quadriseta Themeda triandra Lomandra filiformis Poa sieberiana Dianella revoluta s.l. Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Pteridium esculentum Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark %Cover 5% 10% 15% 1% 1% 20% 10% 1% 40% 5% 5% 10% LF code IT T MS SS PS MH SH LTG MTG MNG GF BL Common Name Blackwood Lightwood Golden Wattle Hedge Wattle Drooping Cassinia Common Rice-flower Creeping Bossiaea Common Raspwort Tall Sundew Bidgee-widgee Common Everlasting Kidney-weed Variable Stinkweed Scented Sundew Stinking Pennywort Reed Bent-grass Kangaroo Grass Wattle Mat-rush Grey Tussock-grass Black-anther Flax-lily Weeping Grass Austral Bracken EVC 175_62: Granitic Grassy Woodland - Central Victorian Uplands bioregion Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 20 % cover Logs: 15 m/0.1 ha. Weediness: LF Code MH MTG MTG MTG MNG MNG Typical Weed Species Hypochoeris radicata Briza maxima Romulea rosea Briza minor Vulpia myuros Aira cupaniana Common Name Cat's Ear Large Quaking-grass Onion Grass Lesser Quaking-grass Rat's-tail Fescue Quicksilver Grass Invasive high high high high high high Impact low low low low low low Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 177: Valley Slopes Dry Forest Description: Open eucalypt forest to 20 m tall. Occurs on steep, eroding slopes in dry country. Soils are skeletal though fertile and welldrained, with occasional rock outcropping which constantly erodes and falls into the river where it undercuts steep slopes. The unconsolidated soils are partially due to low biomass in the vegetation, which does little to bind the soil. This EVC carries a mixture of wet and dry species as river fogs and river margins provide increased moisture and hence the understorey consists of a mix of species common to both drier and wetter sites that do not usually occur together. Large trees: Species DBH(cm) Eucalyptus spp. 70 cm Tree Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species 30% Immature Canopy Tree Understorey Tree or Large Shrub Medium Shrub Small Shrub Large Herb Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Ground Fern Scrambler or Climber Bryophytes/Lichens Soil Crust Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark 20 / ha Common Name Eucalyptus polyanthemos Eucalyptus melliodora Understorey: Life form #/ha Red Box Yellow Box #Spp %Cover LF code 4 6 1 5 8 3 2 6 2 3 2 na na 5% 15% 20% 5% 10% 15% 5% 5% 15% 5% 5% 5% 10% 10% IT T MS SS LH MH SH LTG MTG MNG GF SC BL S/C EVC 177: Valley Slopes Dry Forest Central Victorian Uplands bioregion LF Code T T T MS MS MS MS LH LH LH MH MH MH SH SH SH LTG MTG MTG MTG MNG GF GF GF EP EP SC SC Species typical of at least part of EVC range Exocarpos cupressiformis Acacia implexa Acacia mearnsii Cassinia longifolia Lomatia myricoides Indigofera australis Coprosma quadrifida Senecio pinnatifolius Senecio linearifolius Senecio hispidulus Stellaria pungens Einadia hastata Veronica calycina Dichondra repens Oxalis corniculata s.l. Desmodium gunnii Gahnia sieberiana Lepidosperma laterale Poa ensiformis Poa sieberiana var. sieberiana Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Calochlaena dubia Cheilanthes austrotenuifolia Asplenium flabellifolium Amyema pendula Amyema miquelii Pandorea pandorana Glycine clandestina Common Name Cherry Ballart Lightwood Black Wattle Shiny Cassinia River Lomatia Austral Indigo Prickly Currant-bush Variable Groundsel Fireweed Groundsel Rough Fireweed Prickly Starwort Saloop Hairy Speedwell Kidney-weed Yellow Wood-sorrel Southern Tick-trefoil Red-fruit Saw-sedge Variable Sword-sedge Sword Tussock-grass Grey Tussock-grass Weeping Grass Common Ground-fern Green Rock-fern Necklace Fern Drooping Mistletoe Box Mistletoe Wonga Vine Twining Glycine Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 40 % cover Logs: 20 m/0.1 ha. Weediness: LF Code MS LH MH MH MH Typical Weed Species Rubus fruticosus spp. agg. Verbascum virgatum Hypochoeris radicata Centaurium erythraea Anagallis arvensis Common Name Blackberry Twiggy Mullein Cat's Ear Common Centaury Pimpernel Invasive high high high high high Impact high high low low low Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 191: Riparian Scrub Description: A dense shrubland to 6 m tall growing on waterlogged substrates often with a peaty surface horizon. Emergent eucalypts may be occasionally present. The understorey typically consists of sedges tolerant of seasonal waterlogging. Occurs along creeks and minor stream tributaries of the lowland plains. Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species Understorey: Life form Medium Shrub Large Herb Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Large Non-tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Scrambler/Climber Bryophytes/Lichens LF Code MS MS MH SH SH LTG LTG LTG LNG LNG MTG MNG MNG SC Common Name Leptospermum lanigerum 60% Woolly Tea-tree #Spp %Cover LF code 3 4 8 4 3 2 5 3 1 na 20% 10% 10% 5% 20% 5% 10% 10% 5% 20% MS LH MH SH LTG LNG MTG MNG SC BL Species typical of at least part of EVC range Coprosma quadrifida Acacia verticillata Oxalis perennans Oxalis exilis Crassula helmsii Poa labillardierei Carex tereticaulis Carex appressa Phragmites australis Lepidosperma longitudinale Triglochin procerum s.l. Empodisma minus Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Gleichenia microphylla Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 40 % cover Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark Common Name Prickly Currant-bush Prickly Moses Grassland Wood-sorrel Shady Wood-sorrel Swamp Crassula Common Tussock-grass Hollow Sedge Tall Sedge Common Reed Pithy Sword-sedge Water Ribbons Spreading Rope-rush Weeping Grass Scrambling Coral-fern EVC 191: Riparian Scrub – Central Victorian Uplands bioregion Weediness: LF Code Typical Weed Species LH LH LH MH MH MH MH LNG MTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MNG Rumex conglomeratus Sonchus oleraceus Cirsium vulgare Trifolium dubium Trifolium subterraneum Hypochoeris radicata Leontodon taraxacoides ssp. taraxacoides Holcus lanatus Bromus hordeaceus ssp. hordeaceus Briza maxima Vulpia bromoides Romulea rosea Bromus diandrus Anthoxanthum odoratum Cynosurus echinatus Common Name Clustered Dock Common Sow-thistle Spear Thistle Suckling Clover Subterranean Clover Cat's Ear Hairy Hawkbit Yorkshire Fog Soft Brome Large Quaking-grass Squirrel-tail Fescue Onion Grass Great Brome Sweet Vernal-grass Rough Dog's-tail Invasive high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high Impact high low high low low low low high low low low low low high low Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment May 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 195: Seasonally Inundated Shrubby Woodland Description: Shrub-dominated eucalypt woodland to 15 m tall with an understorey visually dominated by medium shrubs and including a range of sedges and grasses and herbs including a number of annuals. Occurs on moderately fertile, poorly-drained, shallow sand or silty topsoils over heavier clay subsoils that naturally impede drainage. Often associated with recent Quaternary swamp deposits and broad, seasonal drainage lines and outwash flats between sand dunes. Soils are generally inundated or waterlogged in winter and baked hard in summer, which promotes sedges and annual species. Large trees: Species DBH(cm) Eucalyptus spp. 70 cm #/ha 15 / ha Tree Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species 15% Common Name Eucalyptus leucoxylon Eucalyptus viminalis ssp. cygnetensis Eucalyptus ovata Understorey: Life form Immature Canopy Tree Medium Shrub Small Shrub Prostrate Shrub Large Herb Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Bryophytes/Lichens Soil Crust Yellow Gum Manna Gum Swamp Gum #Spp 7 3 1 2 3 1 5 3 na na Total understorey projective foliage cover LF Code MS MS MS SS SS PS LH LH MH MH SH MTG MTG MTG MNG MNG MNG Species typical of at least part of EVC range Leptospermum continentale Acacia verticillata Calytrix tetragona Hakea rugosa Hibbertia riparia Astroloma humifusum Senecio tenuiflorus Senecio glomeratus Acaena echinata Hypericum gramineum Opercularia varia Schoenus apogon Dianella revoluta s.l. Deyeuxia quadriseta Baumea juncea Apodasmia brownii Hypolaena fastigiata Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark %Cover 5% 30% 10% 1% 5% 10% 1% 15% 10% 10% 10% LF code T MS SS PS LH MH SH MTG MNG BL S/C 85% Common Name Prickly Tea-tree Prickly Moses Common Fringe-myrtle Dwarf Hakea Upright Guinea-flower Cranberry Heath Slender Fireweed Annual Fireweed Sheep’s Burr Small St. John’s-wort Variable Stinkweed Common Bog-sedge Black-anther Flax-lily Reed Bent-grass Bare Twig-sedge Coarse Twine-rush Tassel Rope-rush EVC 195: Seasonally Inundated Shrubby Woodland Central Victorian Uplands bioregion Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 30 % cover Logs: 15 m/0.1 ha. Weediness: LF Code MH MNG Typical Weed Species Hypochoeris radicata Aira elegantissima Common Name Cat's Ear Delicate Hair-grass Invasive high high Impact low low Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 198: Sedgy Riparian Woodland Description: Eucalypt forest or woodland to 15m tall with sedge-dominated understorey. Occurs on flats along low gradient creeks and drainage lines subject to seasonal inundation and waterlogging in moderately fertile habitats. Large trees: Species DBH(cm) Eucalyptus spp. 70 cm Tree Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species 20% Immature Canopy Tree Understorey Tree or Large Shrub Medium Shrub Small Shrub Large Herb Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Large Non-tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Ground Fern Bryophytes/Lichens Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark 15 / ha Common Name Eucalyptus ovata Eucalyptus radiata ssp. radiata Eucalyptus obliqua Understorey: Life form #/ha Swamp Gum Narrow-leaf Peppermint Messmate Stringybark #Spp %Cover LF code 1 4 2 1 7 2 3 2 7 2 1 na 5% 10% 20% 5% 1% 10% 5% 30% 10% 10% 15% 5% 10% IT T MS SS LH MH SH LTG LNG MTG MNG GF BL EVC 198: Sedgy Riparian Woodland - Central Victorian Uplands bioregion LF Code T MS MS MS MS SS SS MH MH MH SH SH LTG LTG LTG LNG MTG MTG MTG MNG MNG GF Species typical of at least part of EVC range Acacia melanoxylon Leptospermum continentale r Bossiaea cordigera Epacris impressa Acacia verticillata Dillwynia cinerascens s.l. Olearia erubescens Gonocarpus tetragynus Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Drosera peltata ssp. auriculata Hypericum japonicum Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Gahnia sieberiana Lepidosperma elatius Deyeuxia quadriseta Tetrarrhena juncea Lomandra filiformis Dianella tasmanica Lomandra longifolia Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Poa tenera Pteridium esculentum Common Name Blackwood Prickly Tea-tree Wiry Bossiaea Common Heath Prickly Moses Grey Parrot-pea Moth Daisy-bush Common Raspwort Ivy-leaf Violet Tall Sundew Matted St John's Wort Shining Pennywort Red-fruit Saw-sedge Tall Sword-sedge Reed Bent-grass Forest Wire-grass Wattle Mat-rush Tasman Flax-lily Spiny-headed Mat-rush Weeping Grass Slender Tussock-grass Austral Bracken Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 30 % cover Logs: 20 m/0.1 ha. Weediness: LF Code MH MH MH LNG MTG MTG Typical Weed Species Hypochoeris radicata Leontodon taraxacoides ssp. taraxacoides Prunella vulgaris Holcus lanatus Anthoxanthum odoratum Agrostis capillaris s.l. Common Name Invasive Impact Cat's Ear Hairy Hawkbit Self-heal Yorkshire Fog Sweet Vernal-grass Brown-top Bent high high high high high high low low high high high high Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 235: Plains Woodland/Herb-rich Gilgai Wetland Mosaic Description: Open woodland to 15 m tall on broad alluvial plains and along ephemeral drainage lines. Soils are generally poorly drained heavy clays which form distinctive “gilgai” crests and troughs in a fine-scale mosaic. The understorey consists of few, if any shrubs while the ground layer is made up of a combination of “dryland” herbs/grasses and amphibious herbs/grasses tolerant of seasonal inundation. Large trees: Species Eucalyptus spp. Allocasuarina luehmannii DBH(cm) #/ha 70 cm 40 cm 10 / ha Tree Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species 15% Common Name Eucalyptus camaldulensis Eucalyptus microcarpa Allocasuarina luehmannii Understorey: Life form Immature Canopy Tree Medium Shrub Large Herb Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Bryophytes/Lichens Soil Crust River Red-gum Grey Box Buloke #Spp %Cover LF code 2 2 9 3 1 8 2 na na 5% 10% 5% 15% 15% 1% 20% 5% 10% 10% IT MS LH MH SH LTG MTG MNG BL S/C Total understorey projective foliage cover LF Code MS MS PS LH LH MH MH MH MH SH SH SH LTG LTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MNG TTG Species typical of at least part of EVC range Acacia pycnantha Acacia paradoxa Astroloma humifusum Senecio tenuiflorus Senecio quadridentatus Veronica plebeia Calotis anthemoides Brachyscome basaltica var. gracilis Vittadinia cuneata Cymbonotus preissianus Myriophyllum integrifolium Phyllangium divergens Juncus pallidus Deyeuxia quadriseta Lomandra filiformis Isolepis platycarpa Pentapogon quadrifidus Burchardia umbellata Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Centrolepis fascicularis Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark 90% Common Name Golden Wattle Hedge Wattle Cranberry Heath Slender Fireweed Cotton Fireweed Trailing Speedwell Cut-leaf Burr-daisy Woodland Swamp-daisy Fuzzy New Holland-daisy Austral Bear's-ear Tiny Water-milfoil Wiry Mitrewort Pale Rush Reed Bent-grass Wattle Mat-rush Broad-fruit Club-sedge Five-awned Spear-grass Milkmaids Weeping Grass Tufted Centrolepis EVC 235: Plains Woodland/Herb-rich Gilgai Wetland Mosaic Central Victorian Uplands bioregion Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 20 % cover Logs: 15 m/0.1 ha. Weediness: LF Code Typical Weed Species LH MH MH MH MH MTG MTG TTG Cirsium vulgare Hypochoeris radicata Leontodon taraxacoides ssp. taraxacoides Arctotheca calendula Anagallis arvensis Vulpia bromoides Briza minor Cyperus tenellus Common Name Invasive Impact Spear Thistle Cat's Ear Hairy Hawkbit Cape Weed Pimpernel Squirrel-tail Fescue Lesser Quaking-grass Tiny Flat-sedge high high high high high high high high high low low low low low low low Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment September 2005 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2005 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 282: Shrubby Woodland Description: Eucalypt woodland to 15 m tall with a tall and often dense shrubby understorey. Ground cover variously dominated by sedges, grasses and herbs. Soils generally duplex with sandy loam overlying heavy clay subsoil, prone to seasonal inundation periods. Commonly found on valley floors. Large trees: Species DBH(cm) Eucalyptus spp. #/ha 80 cm 15 / ha Tree Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species Common Name Eucalyptus macrorhyncha Eucalyptus obliqua 20% Understorey: Life form Immature Canopy Tree Understorey Tree or Large Shrub Medium Shrub Small Shrub Medium Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Bryophytes/Lichens Red Stringybark Messmate Stringybark #Spp %Cover LF code 1 2 3 2 1 1 na 5% 5% 30% 15% 1% 5% 1% 10% IT T MS SS MH LTG MTG BL Total understorey projective foliage cover LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Acacia mearnsii Leptospermum myrsinoides Leptospermum continentale Leucopogon ericoides Banksia marginata Hibbertia stricta s.l. Platylobium obtusangulum Pultenaea humilis Isopogon ceratophyllus Drosera peltata ssp. auriculata Gonocarpus tetragynus Xanthorrhoea australis Lepidosperma semiteres T MS MS MS MS SS SS SS SS MH MH LTG MTG Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 20 % cover Logs: 15 m/0.1 ha. Weediness: There are no consistent weeds in this EVC. Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark 45% Common Name Black Wattle Heath Tea-tree Prickly Tea-tree Pink Beard-heath Silver Banksia Upright Guinea-flower Common Flat-pea Dwarf Bush-pea Horny Cone-bush Tall Sundew Common Raspwort Austral Grass-tree Wire Rapier-sedge EVC 282: Shrubby Woodland - Central Victorian Uplands bioregion Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment September 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 292: Red Gum Swamp Description: Open woodland to 15 m tall. Occurs on alluvial plains in the seasonally wet depressions of shallow drainage lines or prior stream meanders, typically associated with heavy paludal soils, sometimes with gilgai development. The annual rainfall across its distribution is generally below 700mm, and the period of inundation may range from 2 to 6 months. River Red Gum woodland with sedgy or grassy-herbaceous ground-layer, comprising various balances of true aquatics and species tolerant of intermittent to seasonal inundation. Large trees: Species Eucalyptus spp. DBH(cm) #/ha 80 cm 10 / ha Tree Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species 15% Understorey: Life form Immature Canopy Tree Large Herb Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Total understorey projective foliage cover LF Code LH LH MH MH MH MH SH SH LTG LTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MNG Common Name Eucalyptus camaldulensis River Red-gum #Spp %Cover LF code 2 7 2 2 6 2 5% 10% 25% 1% 15% 20% 15% 90% IT LH MH SH LTG MTG MNG Species typical of at least part of EVC range Villarsia reniformis Eryngium ovinum Potamogeton tricarinatus s.l. Lythrum hyssopifolia Drosera peltata ssp. peltata Haloragis aspera Lobelia pratioides Solenogyne dominii Amphibromus nervosus Carex tereticaulis Juncus holoschoenus Lachnagrostis filiformis Schoenus tesquorum Isolepis fluitans Eleocharis acuta Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark Common Name Running Marsh-flower Blue Devil Floating Pondweed Small Loosestrife Pale Sundew Rough Raspwort Poison Lobelia Smooth Solenogyne Common Swamp Wallaby-grass Hollow Sedge Joint-leaf Rush Common Blown-grass Soft Bog-sedge Floating Club-sedge Common Spike-sedge EVC 292: Red Gum Swamp - Central Victorian Uplands bioregion Recruitment: Episodic/Flood – desirable period of disturbance is once every 5 years Organic Litter: 10% Cover Logs: 10m/0.1 ha Weediness: LF Code MH MNG Typical Weed Species Hypochoeris radicata Briza minor Common Name Invasive Impact Cat's Ear Lesser Quaking-grass high high low low Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 641: Riparian Woodland Description: Occurs beside permanent streams, typically on narrow alluvial deposits. Woodland to 15 m tall generally dominated by Eucalyptus camaldulensis over a tussock grass-dominated understorey. Tall shrubs may be present and amphibious herbs may occur in occasional ponds and beside creeks. While flooding may be common, sites are rarely inundated for lengthy periods. Large trees: Species DBH(cm) Eucalyptus spp. #/ha 80 cm 15 / ha Tree Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species 20% Understorey: Life form Immature Canopy Tree Understorey Tree or Large Shrub Medium Shrub Small Shrub Large Herb Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Large Non-tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Scrambler or Climber Bryophytes/Lichens LF Code T MS MS SS LH LH LH MH MH MH MH SH LTG LTG LNG MTG MTG MNG SC Common Name Eucalyptus camaldulensis River Red-gum #Spp 2 3 1 4 5 1 3 1 4 2 1 na Species typical of at least part of EVC range Acacia melanoxylon Bursaria spinosa ssp. spinosa Viminaria juncea Rubus parvifolius Wahlenbergia gracilis s.s. Senecio quadridentatus Myriophyllum crispatum Rumex brownii Oxalis perennans Mentha australis Acaena novae-zelandiae Dichondra repens Poa labillardierei Carex appressa Phragmites australis Lachnagrostis filiformis var. filiformis Triglochin procerum s.l. Eleocharis acuta Calystegia sepium Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark %Cover 5% 15% 10% 1% 15% 10% 5% 10% 5% 20% 5% 5% 10% LF code IT T MS SS LH MH SH LTG LNG MTG MNG SC BL Common Name Blackwood Sweet Bursaria Golden Spray Small-leaf Bramble Sprawling Bluebell Cottony Fireweed Upright Water-milfoil Slender Dock Grassland Wood-sorrel River Mint Bidgee-widgee Kidneyweed Common Tussock-grass Tall Sedge Common Reed Common Blown-grass Water-ribbons Common Spike-sedge Large Bindweed EVC 641: Riparian Woodland - Central Victorian Uplands bioregion Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 30% cover Logs: 20m / 0.1 ha Weediness: LF Code MS LH LH LH LH LH LH LH MH MH LTG LNG MTG MTG MNG SC Typical Weed Species Rosa rubiginosa Sonchus oleraceus Cirsium vulgare Plantago lanceolata Helminthotheca echioides Rumex crispus Aster subulatus Rorippa palustris Leontodon taraxacoides ssp. taraxacoides Hypochoeris radicata Phalaris aquatica Holcus lanatus Bromus hordeaceus ssp. hordeaceus Anthoxanthum odoratum Paspalum distichum Galium aparine Common Name Invasive Impact Sweet Briar Common Sow-thistle Spear Thistle Ribwort Ox-tongue Curled Dock Aster-weed Marsh Yellow-cress Hairy Hawkbit Cat's Ear Toowoomba Canary-grass Yorkshire Fog Soft Brome Sweet Vernal-grass Water Couch Cleavers high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high low high low low high low high low low high high low high high low Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 647: Plains Sedgy Wetland Description: Occurs in seasonally wet depressions on volcanic and sedimentary plains, typically associated with fertile, silty, peaty or heavy clay paludal soils. Primarily sedgy-herbaceous vegetation, sometimes with scattered or fringing eucalypts or tea-tree/paperbark shrubs in higher rainfall areas. A range of aquatic herbs can be present, and species-richness is mostly relatively low to moderate, but higher towards drier margins. Life Forms: Life form Large Herb Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Large Non-tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid LF Code LH MH MH MH MH SH SH SH SH LTG MTG MTG MTG MNG MNG #Spp %Cover LF code 2 5 5 2 1 4 2 5% 40% 10% 5% 5% 25% 5% LH MH SH LTG LNG MTG MNG Species typical of at least part of EVC range Epilobium billardierianum Potamogeton tricarinatus s.l. Myriophyllum simulans Stellaria angustifolia Lilaeopsis polyantha Neopaxia australasica Lobelia pratioides v Helichrysum aff. rutidolepis (Lowland Swamps) Eryngium vesiculosum Carex tereticaulis k Lachnagrostis filiformis (perennial variety) Lachnagrostis filiformis Glyceria australis Eleocharis acuta v Amphibromus sinuatus Common Name Variable Willow-herb Floating Pondweed Amphibious Water-milfoil Swamp Starwort Australian Lilaeopsis White Purslane Poison Lobelia Pale Swamp Everlasting Prickfoot Hollow Sedge Wetland Blown-grass Common Blown-grass Australian Sweet-grass Common Spike-sedge Wavy Swamp Wallaby-grass Recruitment: Episodic/Flood. Desirable period between disturbances is 5 years. Organic Litter: 10% cover Logs: 5 m/0.1 ha.(where trees are overhanging the wetland) Weediness: LF Code MTG Typical Weed Species Juncus bulbosus Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark Common Name Invasive Impact Bulbous Rush high high EVC 647: Plains Sedgy Wetland – Central Victorian Uplands bioregion Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment May 2005 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2005 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 803: Plains Woodland Description: Grassy or sedgy woodland to 15 m tall with large inter-tussock spaces potentially supporting a range of annual or geophytic herbs adapted to low summer rainfall, with low overall biomass. Mostly occurs on terrain of low relief in areas receiving <600 mm rainfall per annum. Fertile, sometimes seasonally waterlogged, mostly silty, loamy or clay topsoils, with heavy subsoils, derived largely from former Quaternary swamp deposits. Large trees: Species Eucalyptus spp. Allocasuarina luehmannii DBH(cm) #/ha 70 cm 40 cm 15 / ha Tree Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species 15% Common Name Eucalyptus microcarpa Allocasuarina luehmannii Eucalyptus melliodora Eucalyptus leucoxylon Understorey: Life form Immature Canopy Tree Medium Shrub Small Shrub Prostrate Shrub Large Herb Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Large Non-tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Bryophytes/Lichens Soil Crust Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 10 % cover Logs: 10 m/0.1 ha. Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark Grey Box Buloke Yellow Box Yellow Gum #Spp %Cover LF code 2 2 1 1 20 4 1 1 16 3 na na 5% 5% 5% 1% 1% 20% 10% 1% 1% 45% 5% 10% 10% IT MS SS PS LH MH SH LTG LNG MTG MNG BL S/C EVC 803: Plains Woodland – Central Victorian Uplands bioregion LF Code MS MS SS PS LH MH MH MH MH SH SH SH SH LTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MNG TTG TTG EP SC SC Species typical of at least part of EVC range Acacia pycnantha Acacia acinacea s.l. Eutaxia microphylla var. microphylla Astroloma humifusum Senecio quadridentatus Acaena echinata Plantago gaudichaudii Maireana enchylaenoides Calocephalus citreus Solenogyne dominii Oxalis perennans Daucus glochidiatus Goodenia pinnatifida Austrostipa bigeniculata Austrostipa scabra Austrodanthonia setacea Dianella revoluta s.s. Austrodanthonia caespitosa Wurmbea dioica Centrolepis strigosa ssp. strigosa Centrolepis aristata Amyema miquelii Thysanotus patersonii Convolvulus erubescens spp. agg. Weediness: LF Code Typical Weed Species LH MH MH MH MH MH MH MH SH LNG MTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MNG MNG MNG Sonchus oleraceus Hypochoeris radicata Trifolium angustifolium var. angustifolium Hypochoeris glabra Arctotheca calendula Petrorhagia velutina Trifolium dubium Anagallis arvensis Trifolium glomeratum Avena fatua Romulea rosea Briza minor Briza maxima Lolium rigidum Vulpia bromoides Vulpia myuros Juncus capitatus Bromus rubens Common Name Golden Wattle Gold-dust Wattle Common Eutaxia Cranberry Heath Cotton Fireweed Sheep's Burr Narrow Plantain Wingless Bluebush Lemon Beauty-heads Smooth Solenogyne Grassland Wood-sorrel Austral Carrot Cut-leaf Goodenia Kneed Spear-grass Rough Spear-grass Bristly Wallaby-grass Black-anther Flax-lily Common Wallaby-grass Common Early Nancy Hairy Centrolepis Pointed Centrolepis Box Mistletoe Twining Fringe-lily Pink Bindweed Common Name Invasive Impact Common Sow-thistle Cat's Ear Narrow-leaf Clover Smooth Cat's-ear Cape Weed Velvety Pink Suckling Clover Pimpernel Cluster Clover Wild Oat Onion Grass Lesser Quaking-grass Large Quaking-grass Wimmera Rye-grass Squirrel-tail Fescue Rat's-tail Fescue Capitate Rush Red Brome high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high low low low low low low low low low low low low low low low low low low Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment September 2005 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2005 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 851: Stream-Bank Shrubland Description: Rivers and major streams where the watercourse consists of either rocky banks, a flat rocky stream bed or broad gravel banks which are often dry but are also regularly flooded by fast flowing waters. Annual rainfall is usually below 700 mm. There is a sparse overstorey of trees to 20 m tall, a dominant tall shrub layer and a ground layer of sedges and herbs. Large trees: Species Eucalyptus spp. DBH(cm) #/ha 80 cm 15 / ha Tree Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species 10% Common Name Eucalyptus globulus ssp. pseudoglobulus Understorey: Life form Immature Canopy Tree Understorey Tree or Large Shrub Medium Shrub Large Herb Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Ground Fern Scrambler or Climber Bryophytes/Lichens Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark Gippsland Blue-gum #Spp %Cover LF code 1 10 4 9 2 3 3 2 1 2 na 5% 10% 40% 5% 20% 5% 15% 10% 10% 1% 5% 10% IT T MS LH MH SH LTG MTG MNG GF SC BL EVC 851: Stream-Bank Shrubland - Central Victorian Uplands bioregion LF Code T MS MS MS LH LH LH LH MH MH SH SH SH SH LTG LTG LTG LTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MNG MNG GF GF SC SC SC Species typical of at least part of EVC range Pomaderris aspera Cassinia aculeata Dodonaea viscosa ssp. cuneata Acacia verticillata Chrysocephalum semipapposum Myriophyllum crispatum Epilobium billardierianum ssp. cinereum Wahlenbergia stricta Geranium potentilloides Acaena novae-zelandiae Dichondra repens Oxalis exilis Goodenia lanata Leptinella filicula Lomandra longifolia Carex polyantha Juncus gregiflorus Carex appressa Poa labillardierei Luzula meridionalis var. flaccida Lepidosperma laterale Isolepis inundata Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Echinopogon ovatus Cheilanthes austrotenuifolia Adiantum aethiopicum Glycine clandestina Clematis microphylla Clematis aristata Common Name Hazel Pomaderris Common Cassinia Wedge-leaf Hop-bush Prickly Moses Clustered Everlasting Upright Water-milfoil Grey Willow-herb Tall Bluebell Cinquefoil Cranesbill Bidgee-widgee Kidney-weed Shady Wood-sorrel Trailing Goodenia Mountain Cotula Spiny-headed Mat-rush River Sedge Green Rush Tall Sedge Common Tussock-grass Common Woodrush Variable Sword-sedge Swamp Club-sedge Weeping Grass Common Hedgehog-grass Green Rock-fern Common Maidenhair Twining Glycine Small-leaved Clematis Mountain Clematis Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 20 % cover Logs: 10 m/0.1 ha. Weediness: LF Code MS MS MH MH MH MH MTG Typical Weed Species Lycium ferocissimum Ulex europaeus Hypochoeris radicata Centaurium erythraea Cerastium glomeratum s.l. Anagallis arvensis Ehrharta longiflora Common Name African Box-thorn Gorse Cat's Ear Common Centaury Common Mouse-ear Chickweed Pimpernel Annual Veldt-grass Invasive low low high high high high high Impact high high low low low low low Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 882: Shallow Sands Woodland Description: Woodland or open-forest to 15 m tall, with a sparse shrub layer of heathy, ericoid shrubs and a species-rich ground cover dominated by grasses and annual herbs. Sedges may be locally common. Typically it occurs between the heavier soils of the plains and the deep-sand aeolian dunefields which overlay these plains, but also occurs on broader areas of plains covered by shallow fluvial, outwash or aeolian sands overlaying drainage-impeding clays. Large trees: Species Eucalyptus spp. DBH(cm) #/ha 70 cm 15 / ha Tree Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species 15% Common Name Eucalyptus leucoxylon Eucalyptus ovata Understorey: Life form Immature Canopy Tree Understorey Tree or Large Shrub Medium Shrub Small Shrub Prostrate Shrub Large Herb Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Bryophytes/Lichens Soil Crust Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark Yellow Gum Swamp Gum #Spp 1 5 6 3 3 19 4 2 13 4 na na %Cover 5% 5% 20% 15% 5% 5% 20% 5% 5% 20% 5% 10% 10% LF code IT T MS SS PS LH MH SH LTG MTG MNG BL S/C EVC 882: Shallow Sands Woodland – Central Victorian Uplands bioregion LF Code T MS MS MS MS SS SS SS SS PS PS PS LH LH MH MH SH SH SH SH LTG LTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MNG MNG TTG TTG TTG TTG SC Species typical of at least part of EVC range Allocasuarina verticillata Calytrix tetragona Leptospermum myrsinoides Banksia marginata Acacia verticillata Hibbertia stricta s.l. Astroloma conostephioides Isopogon ceratophyllus Leucopogon virgatus Astroloma humifusum Acrotriche serrulata Bossiaea prostrata Senecio tenuiflorus Senecio quadridentatus Drosera peltata ssp. peltata Acaena echinata Hydrocotyle laxiflora Siloxerus multiflorus Phyllangium divergens Kennedia prostrata Austrostipa mollis r Xanthorrhoea caespitosa Schoenus apogon Austrodanthonia geniculata Lepidosperma carphoides Neurachne alopecuroidea Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Microtis unifolia Centrolepis aristata Centrolepis strigosa ssp. strigosa Aphelia pumilio Schoenus breviculmis Thysanotus patersonii Common Name Drooping Sheoke Common Fringe-myrtle Heath Tea-tree Silver Banksia Prickly Moses Upright Guinea-flower Flame Heath Horny Cone-bush Common Beard-heath Cranberry Heath Honey-pots Creeping Bossiaea Slender Fireweed Cotton Fireweed Pale Sundew Sheep's Burr Stinking Pennywort Small Wrinklewort Wiry Mitrewort Running Postman Supple Spear-grass Tufted Grass-tree Common Bog-sedge Kneed Wallaby-grass Black Rapier-sedge Fox-tail Mulga-grass Weeping Grass Common Onion-orchid Pointed Centrolepis Hairy Centrolepis Dwarf Aphelia Matted Bog-sedge Twining Fringe-lily Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 20 % cover Logs: 15 m/0.1 ha. Weediness: LF Code MH MH MH MH MH MH MTG MTG MTG MNG MNG MNG Typical Weed Species Hypochoeris radicata Hypochoeris glabra Trifolium campestre var. campestre Centaurium erythraea Anagallis arvensis Cicendia filiformis Briza minor Briza maxima Romulea rosea Aira elegantissima Aira caryophyllea Juncus capitatus Common Name Cat's Ear Smooth Cat's-ear Hop Clover Common Centaury Pimpernel Slender Cicendia Lesser Quaking-grass Large Quaking-grass Onion Grass Delicate Hair-grass Silvery Hair-grass Capitate Rush Invasive high high high high high high high high high high high high Impact low low low low low low low low low low low low Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 894: Scoria Cone Woodland Description: Eucalypt woodland to 15 m tall or non-eucalypt woodland to 10 m tall over a grassy to bracken-dominated understorey with a range of herbs. Occurs on the slopes of freely-draining scoria cones and spatter areas of more coarse boulder-forming flow sources. Soils are fertile but often skeletal. Large trees: Species Eucalyptus spp. Allocasuarina spp. DBH(cm) 70 cm 50 cm #/ha 15 / ha Tree Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species 15% Understorey: Life form Immature Canopy Tree Understorey Tree or Large Shrub Medium Shrub Large Herb Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Ground Fern Bryophytes/Lichens Soil Crust LF Code T MS LH LH LH MH MH MH MH SH SH LTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MNG GF Common Name Eucalyptus viminalis Allocasuarina verticillata Manna Gum Drooping Sheoak #Spp 1 2 3 6 3 1 4 1 2 na na Species typical of at least part of EVC range Acacia melanoxylon Bursaria spinosa Senecio pinnatifolius Rumex brownii Senecio quadridentatus Acaena novae-zelandiae Geranium potentilloides Acaena echinata Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Dichondra repens Oxalis exilis Poa labillardierei Lomandra filiformis Dianella revoluta s.l. Carex breviculmis Austrodanthonia pilosa Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Pteridium esculentum Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark %Cover 5% 5% 10% 5% 10% 5% 15% 15% 5% 20% 10% 10% LF code IT T MS LH MH SH LTG MTG MNG GF BL S/C Common Name Blackwood Sweet Bursaria Variable Groundsel Wiry Dock Cotton Fireweed Bidgee-widgee Cinquefoil Cranesbill Sheep’s Burr Ivy-leaf Violet Kidney-weed Shady Wood-sorrel Common Tussock-grass Wattle Mat-rush Black-anther Flax-lily Short-stem Sedge Velvet Wallaby-grass Weeping Grass Austral Bracken EVC 894: Scoria Cone Woodland – Central Victorian Uplands bioregion Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 20 % cover Logs: 10 m/0.1 ha Weediness: LF Code MS MH MTG MTG MTG Typical Weed Species Lycium ferocissimum Hypochoeris radicata Briza maxima Romulea rosea Holcus lanatus Common Name Invasive Impact African Box-thorn Cat's Ear Large Quaking-grass Onion Grass Yorkshire Fog high high high high high high low low low high Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment May 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 895: Escarpment Shrubland Description: Occurs on rocky escarpments in steep valleys or gorges, associated with limestone or basalt. Sites have moderate to high fertility, are well-drained but subject to regular summer drought due to shallow soils. Eucalypt woodland to 15 m tall or noneucalypt shrubland to 8m tall, with occasional eucalypts; lichen-covered rock outcrops are common. + eucalypt woodland only components (ignore when assessing shrubland areas and standardise site condition score as required) Large trees+: Species DBH(cm) #/ha Eucalyptus spp. 70 cm 15 / ha Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species Understorey: Life form Immature Canopy Tree+ Understorey Tree or Large Shrub+ Medium Shrub Small Shrub Large Herb Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Large Non-tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid Ground Fern Scrambler or Climber Bryophytes/Lichens Soil Crust LF Code MS MS SS LH MH MH MH SH SH LTG MTG MTG MNG GF SC SC Common Name Acacia implexa Allocasuarina verticillata Acacia mearnsii Bursaria spinosa 15% Lightwood Drooping Sheoak Black Wattle Sweet Bursaria #Spp %Cover LF code 3 3 2 3 4 5 1 1 9 3 1 1 na na 5% 10% 10% 5% 5% 10% 5% 5% 5% 25% 5% 5% 5% 10% 10% IT T MS SS LH MH SH LTG LNG MTG MNG GF SC BL S/C Species typical of at least part of EVC range r Rhagodia parabolica Hymenanthera dentata s.l. Enchylaena tomentosa var. tomentosa Wahlenbergia communis s.l. Oxalis perennans Maireana enchylaenoides Einadia nutans ssp. nutans Chamaesyce drummondii Dichondra repens Austrostipa bigeniculata Austrodanthonia racemosa var. racemosa Austrodanthonia setacea Panicum effusum Cheilanthes distans Clematis microphylla Convolvulus erubescens spp. agg. Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark Common Name Fragrant Saltbush Tree Violet Ruby Saltbush Tufted Bluebell Grassland Wood-sorrel Wingless Bluebush Nodding Saltbush Flat Spurge Kidney-weed Kneed Spear-grass Stiped Wallaby-grass Bristly Wallaby-grass Hairy Panic Bristly Cloak-fern Small-leaved Clematis Pink Bindweed EVC 895: Escarpment Shrubland Central Victorian Uplands bioregion Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 20 % cover Logs: 15 m/0.1 ha+. 5 m/0.1 ha. (note: large log class does not apply) Weediness: LF Code Typical Weed Species T MS MS SS LH LH LH LH LH LH LH LH LH MH MH MH MH MH MH MH SH SH SH SH LTG LNG LNG MTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MTG SC Schinus molle Lycium ferocissimum Genista monspessulana Marrubium vulgare Sonchus oleraceus Helminthotheca echioides Lactuca serriola Sisymbrium officinale Sonchus asper s.l. Verbascum thapsus ssp. thapsus Echium plantagineum Centaurium tenuiflorum Foeniculum vulgare Hypochoeris radicata Trifolium arvense var. arvense Trifolium subterraneum Trifolium campestre var. campestre Trifolium angustifolium var. angustifolium Lotus suaveolens Cerastium glomeratum s.l. Medicago polymorpha Trifolium glomeratum Modiola caroliniana Aptenia cordifolia Phalaris aquatica Holcus lanatus Avena fatua Nassella trichotoma Ehrharta longiflora Briza maxima Bromus hordeaceus ssp. hordeaceus Sporobolus africanus Vulpia bromoides Romulea rosea Pentaschistis airoides ssp. airoides Lolium perenne Dactylis glomerata Vulpia myuros Bromus rubens Avena barbata Aira caryophyllea Vicia sativa ssp. sativa Common Name Invasive Impact Pepper Tree African Box-thorn Montpellier Broom Horehound Common Sow-thistle Ox-tongue Prickly Lettuce Hedge Mustard Rough Sow-thistle Great Mullein Paterson's Curse Slender Centaury Fennel Cat's Ear Hare's-foot Clover Subterranean Clover Hop Clover Narrow-leaf Clover Hairy Bird's-foot Trefoil Common Mouse-ear Chickweed Burr Medic Cluster Clover Red-flower Mallow Heart-leaf Ice-plant Toowoomba Canary-grass Yorkshire Fog Wild Oat Serrated Tussock Annual Veldt-grass Large Quaking-grass Soft Brome Rat-tail Grass Squirrel-tail Fescue Onion Grass False Hair-grass Perennial Rye-grass Cocksfoot Rat's-tail Fescue Red Brome Bearded Oat Silvery Hair-grass Common Vetch high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high low high low high low high high low high low low low low low low low low low low high high high low high low low low high low low low high high low low low low low Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment November 2007 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2007 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands Bioregion EVC 895_61: Treed Escarpment Shrubland Description: Occurs on rocky escarpments in steep valleys or gorges, associated with limestone or basalt. Sites have moderate to high fertility, are well-drained but subject to regular summer drought due to shallow soils. Eucalypt woodland to 15m tall or non-eucalypt shrubland to 8m tall, with occasional eucalypts; lichen-covered rock outcrops are common. Large Trees: Species Eucalyptus spp. DBH(cm) #/ha 70 cm 15 / ha Tree Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species 15% Common Name Acacia implexa Acacia mearnsii Allocasuarina verticillata Bursaria spinosa Understorey: Lifeform Immature Canopy Tree Understorey Tree or Large Shrub Medium Shrub Small Shrub Large Herb Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Large Non-Tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-Tufted Graminoid Ground Fern Scrambler or Climber Bryophytes/Lichens Soil Crust Ecological Vegetation Class Bioregion Benchmark Lightwood Black Wattle Drooping Sheoak Sweet Bursaria #Spp 3 3 2 3 4 5 1 1 9 3 1 1 %Cover LF Code 5% 10% 10% 5% 5% 10% 5% 5% 5% 25% 5% 5% 5% 10% 10% IT T MS SS LH MH SH LTG LNG MTG MNG GF SC BL S/C EVC 895_61: Treed Escarpment Shrubland LF Code T MS MS SS LH MH MH MH SH SH LTG LNG MTG MTG MNG GF SC SC Species typical of at least part of EVC range r Various spp. Melicytus dentatus s.l. Rhagodia parabolica Enchylaena tomentosa var. tomentosa Wahlenbergia communis s.l. Einadia nutans subsp. nutans Maireana enchylaenoides Oxalis perennans Chamaesyce drummondii Dichondra repens Austrostipa bigeniculata Various spp. Austrodanthonia racemosa var. racemosa Austrodanthonia setacea Panicum effusum Cheilanthes distans Clematis microphylla Convolvulus erubescens spp. agg. Common Name Tree Violet Fragrant Saltbush Ruby Saltbush Tufted Bluebell Nodding Saltbush Wingless Bluebush Grassland Wood-sorrel Flat Spurge Kidney-weed Kneed Spear-grass Stiped Wallaby-grass Bristly Wallaby-grass Hairy Panic Bristly Cloak-fern Small-leaved Clematis Pink Bindweed Recruitment: Continuous. Organic Litter: 20 % cover Logs: 15 m/0.1ha. Weediness: LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive Impact MS MS MTG LNG LTG SH LH LH LH SS MTG LH T LH MTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MTG LH LH MH MH MH Genista monspessulana Lycium ferocissimum Nassella trichotoma Holcus lanatus Phalaris aquatica Aptenia cordifolia Verbascum thapsus subsp. thapsus Echium plantagineum Foeniculum vulgare Marrubium vulgare Dactylis glomerata Sisymbrium officinale Schinus molle Helminthotheca echioides Sporobolus africanus Lolium perenne Vulpia bromoides Briza maxima Pentaschistis airoides subsp. airoides Vulpia myuros Bromus rubens Avena barbata Aira caryophyllea Lactuca serriola Sonchus asper s.l. Trifolium arvense var. arvense Trifolium campestre var. campestre Lotus subbiflorus Montpellier Broom African Box-thorn Serrated Tussock Yorkshire Fog Toowoomba Canary-grass Heart-leaf Ice-plant Great Mullein Paterson's Curse Fennel Horehound Cocksfoot Hedge Mustard Pepper Tree Ox-tongue Rat-tail Grass Perennial Rye-grass Squirrel-tail Fescue Large Quaking-grass False Hair-grass Rat's-tail Fescue Red Brome Bearded Oat Silvery Hair-grass Prickly Lettuce Rough Sow-thistle Hare's-foot Clover Hop Clover Hairy Bird's-foot Trefoil high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high high low low low low low low low low low low low low Ecological Vegetation Class Bioregion Benchmark EVC 895_61: Treed Escarpment Shrubland Weediness: LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive Impact SH SH LNG MTG MH Medicago polymorpha Modiola caroliniana Avena fatua Ehrharta longiflora Cerastium glomeratum s.l. high high high high high low low low low low LH LH MH MH SC SH MH Sonchus oleraceus Centaurium tenuiflorum Hypochoeris radicata Trifolium subterraneum Vicia sativa subsp. sativa Trifolium glomeratum Trifolium angustifolium var. angustifolium Bromus hordeaceus subsp. hordeaceus Romulea rosea Burr Medic Red-flower Mallow Wild Oat Annual Veldt-grass Common Mouse-ear Chickweed Common Sow-thistle Slender Centaury Cat's Ear Subterranean Clover Common Vetch Cluster Clover Narrow-leaf Clover high high high high high high high low low low low low low low Soft Brome Onion Grass high high low low MTG MTG Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment © The State of Victoria Government Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-comercial is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson St, East Melbourne, Victoria 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss, of other consequences which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment Central Victorian Uplands bioregion EVC 937: Swampy Woodland Description: Open eucalypt woodland to 15 m tall with ground-layer dominated by tussock grasses and/or sedges and often rich in herbs. Occurs on poorly drained, seasonally waterlogged heavy soils, primarily on swamp deposits but extending to suitable substrates within some landscapes of sedimentary origin. Large trees: Species Eucalyptus spp. DBH(cm) #/ha 60 cm 15 / ha Tree Canopy Cover: %cover Character Species 15% Common Name Eucalyptus radiata s.l. Eucalyptus camphora ssp. humeana Eucalyptus ovata Understorey: Life form Immature Canopy Tree Understorey Tree or Large Shrub Medium Shrub Small Shrub Prostrate Shrub Large Herb Medium Herb Small or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted Graminoid Large Non-tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Small Non-tufted Graminoid Ground Fern Bryophytes/Lichens Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark Narrow-leaf Peppermint Mountain Swamp Gum Swamp Gum #Spp %Cover LF code 1 4 2 1 2 5 2 2 1 3 2 2 na 5% 5% 20% 5% 1% 10% 10% 5% 10% 10% 10% 5% 10% 20% IT T MS SS PS LH MH SH LTG LNG MTG MNG GF BL EVC 937: Swampy Woodland - Central Victorian Uplands bioregion LF Code T MS MS MS SS PS LH LH MH MH MH MH SH LTG LTG LNG LNG MTG MTG MTG MNG MNG MNG MNG GF GF SC SC Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common Name Melaleuca ericifolia Leptospermum continentale Ozothamnus ferrugineus Epacris impressa Hibbertia riparia Hibbertia procumbens Pterostylis longifolia s.l. Stackhousia viminea Gonocarpus tetragynus Mazus pumilio Gratiola peruviana Centella cordifolia Opercularia varia Gahnia sieberiana Austrostipa pubinodis Gahnia radula Lepidosperma longitudinale Schoenus apogon Lepidosperma laterale Lomandra filiformis Poa tenera Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Lepyrodia muelleri Empodisma minus Pteridium esculentum Lindsaea linearis Cassytha glabella Thysanotus patersonii Swamp Paperbark Prickly Tea-tree Tree Everlasting Common Heath Erect Guinea-flower Spreading Guinea-flower Tall Greenhood Slender Stackhousia Common Raspwort Swamp Mazus Austral Brooklime Centella Variable Stinkweed Red-fruit Saw-sedge Tall Spear-grass Thatch Saw-sedge Pithy Sword-sedge Common Bog-sedge Variable Sword-sedge Wattle Mat-rush Slender Tussock-grass Weeping Grass Common Scale-rush Spreading Rope-rush Austral Bracken Screw Fern Slender Dodder-laurel Twining Fringe-lily Recruitment: Continuous Organic Litter: 20 % cover Logs: 15 m/0.1 ha. Weediness: LF Code MS MH LNG MTG Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive Impact Rubus sp. aff. armeniacus Hypochoeris radicata Holcus lanatus Anthoxanthum odoratum Blackberry Cat's Ear Yorkshire Fog Sweet Vernal-grass high high high high high low high high Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment November 2007 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2007 This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that: • the copyright owner is acknowledged; • no official connection is claimed; • the material is made available without charge or at cost; and • the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment. Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186 This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. www.dse.vic.gov.au
