Jenny Babbitt
HISTORIC SPEECHES
“I Have a Dream”
“Gettysburg Address”
Inaugural Speech
“Informative speeches can provide
new and unfamiliar information,
extend what the audience already
knows, or update old information
about a topic or issue.”
(Communicating For Results A Guide for Business
and the Profession, 2014)
ORAL BRIEFING




Summary of Facts
Under 15 Minutes
Formal & Informal
Example: Weekly
staff meeting
ORAL REPORT




Details of Facts
20 Minutes
Formal
Examples:
Feasibility Report,
Progress Report or
Proposal
Size of Audience?
 Mandatory vs. Choice?
 Who are they?
 What do they know?
 Are they familiar with you?
 Negative biases?

1.
FOUR TYPES OF AUDIENCES
Friendly
2.
Neutral
3.
Uninterested
4.
Hostile
1.
What do you want accomplished?
2.
What will the audience take away?
3.
What do you want the audience to do with
that information?





Diversity in the Workplace
Healthcare Costs
Mars Exploration
Telecommuting – Pros and Cons
Job seeking on the Internet

Why?

What to search for?

Where to search?
TOPICAL PATTERN



Most Popular
Easiest
Most to Least
important, known to
unknown, familiar to
unfamiliar
SPATIAL PATTERN




AKA Geographical
Organizes points on
spatial location.
Front to rear, bottom
to top, left to right.
Ex. Layout of a
manufacturing plant
CHRONOLOGICAL
PATTERN


Present in order of
ocurrence.
Ex. Historical Event
CAUSAL PATTERN


Cause & Effect
relationship.
Ex.
Extemporaneously
 Use of Visual Aids
 Memorizing
 Speaking from a Manuscript

“Persuasive speeches are done
primarily to advocate some sort of
change in attitudes, beliefs, or
behaviors.
(Business & Professional Communicating in a
Digital Age, 2013)


Identify Opinion Leaders
Show how you will fulfill your audiences
needs.
DETERMINE WANTED REACTION
Reinforce current belief
 Inspire agreement
 Request specific action

Trustworthiness
 Competency
 Dynamism
 Objectivity





Variety of supporting materials
Clarify
Add Interest
Support your arguments
CLAIM/REASONS
PATTERN


Inductive reasoning
Deductive
reasoning
CAUSAL PATTERN



Cause / Effect
reasoning
Solution Step
Action Step
PROBLEM –
SOLUTION PATTERN


Problem – solution
– benefits
Problem – solution
- action
COMPARATIVE
ADVANTAGES
PATTERN


Audience agrees on
the problem
Audience disagrees
on the solution
CRITERIA
SATISFACTION
PATTERN


Establish Criteria
Show your plan
THE MOTIVATED
SEQUENCE




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Attention Step
Need Step
Satisfaction Step
Visualization Step
Action Step

Introduction

Body

Conclusion



Honest
Influence
Give your audience a
choice
DO



Manipulate
Coerce
Force
DON’T
 Rehearse
 Record
 Repeat

Audience Analysis

Purpose

Research

Organization

Competency of
Delivery
SIMILARITIES
DIFFERENCES
INFORMATIVE
PERSUASIVE



Hamilton, C. (2014) Communicating for Results A Guide for
Business and the Professions. (10th ed.) Boston, MA:
Wadsworth Cengage Learning.
Waldeck, J., Kearney, P., & Plax, T. (2013) Business and
Professional Communicating in a Digital Age. Boston, MA:
Wadsworth Cengage Learning.
Morgan, N. (Nov. 4, 2014) The Greatest American Speeches –
Ever? Forbes. Retrieved from
http://www.forbes.com/sites/nickmorgan/2014/11/04/thegreatest-american-speeches-ever


Frankel, A. (Retrieved June 8, 2015) 6 Tips for Writing a
Persuasive Speech (On Any Topic). Time. Retrieved from
http://time.com/3664739/6-tips-for-writing-apersuasive-speech-on-any-topic
Neill, C. (Feb. 23, 2015) How To Deliver Persuasive
Presentations. Forbes. Retrieved from
http://www.forbes.com/sites/iese/2015/02/23how-todeliver-persuasive-presentations