QUESTIONNAIRE
RESULTS
ERFP Project
Current status of the Brachycerous cattle populations in
the SE European countries and strategies for their
sustainable conservation
Drago KOMPAN
University of Ljubljana
Dublin, august 24th , 2007
Participation countries
Return questionnaire
Breed
5
Prespa cattle, Ilyric Dwarf Cattle
5
Busha
Gatacko
5
Bulgarian brown cattle
Bulgarian Rhodopean cattle
Rhodopean shored-horned cattle
5
Dalmatian grey cattle
Busha
Greece
5
Brachykeratiki
FYR Macedonia
5
Busha
Serbia
5
Montafone and Busha
Slovenia
5
Cika cattle
5
South Anatolian red
Native Southern Yellow
Eastern Anatolian red
Anatolian black
Country
Albania
Bosnia and
Herzegovina
Bulgaria
Croatia
Turkey
Basic data
Country
Breed
No. Animals
No. Female
No. Sires
Greece
Brachykeratiki
2150
1800
350
Bulgaria
Bulgarian brown cattle
44166
5234
68
Bulgarian Rhodopean cattle
33187
1307
24
Rhodopean short-horned cattle
247
151
5
Bosnia
Busha
Gatacko
100
100 ?
Albania
Prespa Cattle
Ilyric Dwarf Cattle
250
100-150
185
3
Croatia
Dalmatian grey cattle
Busha
4000*
116
105
9
Montafone
100
60
3
Busha
350
240
20
Slovenia
Cika cattle
1350
540
27
FYROM
Busha
5000*
No info
No info
Serbia
Turkey’s
breed
No info
Basic data
Country
Breed
endargement
use
Gen. dist.
Pure or cross
Greece
Brachykeratiki
Not endang.
local
no
pure
Bulgaria
Bulgarian brown cattle
Not endang.
widely no
pure
Bulgarian Rhodopean
Not endang.
local
no
pure
Rhodop. short horned
endangered
local
no
pure
Bosnia
Busha and Gatacko
Critical
Local
No
Albania
Prespa Cattle and
Ilyric Dwarf Cattle
critical
local
no
?
Croatia
Dalmatian grey cattle
Busha
at risk
critical
local
local
no
yes
pure
Montafone
critical
local
no
Busha
critical
local
no
pure
Slovenia
Cika cattle
at risk
local
no
pure
FYROM
Busha
?
local
no
cross
Turkey
South Anatolian red
Native Southern Yellow
Eastern Anatolian red
Anatolian black
At risk
At risk
At risk
At risk
Local
Local
Local
widwly
No info
No info
No info
No info
Pure
No info
Cross, pure
Cross, pure
Serbia
Morphology – body weight (kg)
Female weight
296
300
322392
Anatolian black
Eastern Anatolian red
Male weight
198
Native Southern Yellow
South anatolian red
414
Cika cattle
400
Busha (Serbia)
280 400
610
550
500
Montafone
250
Busha (Croatia)
Dalmatian grey cattle
900
370
430
480
150
200
130 240
Ilyric Dwarf
Prespa Cattle
325 425
240
400
280
300
380
Gatacko cattle
Busha (Bosnia)
Rhodopean short-horned cattle
Bulgarian Rhodopean cattle
720
550
Bulgarian brown cattle
900
190
210
Brachykeratiki
0
200
400
600
800
1000
Rh
ia
n
sh
od
ia
Rh
ar
op
ea
i
t le
at
ik
ca
t
ke
r
n
hy
br
ow
Br
ac
100
n
or
t -h cat
t le
B u orn
sh e d
a c ..
(B
os
n
G ia )
P r at ac
es
ko
pa
Ca
Da
I
lyr tt le
lm
ic
at
D
ia
wa
n
gr
rf
B u ey c
sh
a
a( ttle
C
ro
at
i
M
o n a)
Bu
t
sh afon
a
e
(S
e
So
Ci rbia
ka
)
ut
h
Na
c
at
an
tiv
t le
a
e
to
S
l
E a ou t i a n
r
h
st
er ern ed
n
An Y el
lo
at
o
A n lia w
at
n
r
ol
ia ed
n
bl
ac
k
n
n
lg
ea
ar
op
lg
od
Bu
Bu
Morphology-female weight and birth weight
of calves (kg)
600
500
40
400
30
300
25
8,50
22
25
200
15
10
18
20
14
20
20
22
18
0
45,00
40,00
35,00
30,00
25,00
18 20,00
15,00
10,00
5,00
0,00
Female weight
Birth weight
Morphology – wither (cm)
Female wither
105
Anatolian black
108
118
107
Eastern Anatolian red
Native Southern Yellow
Male wither
130
149
130
135
South anatolian red
Cika cattle
100
110
Busha (Serbia)
135
150
Montafone
112
115
122
128
Busha (Croatia)
Dalmatian grey cattle
95
Ilyric Dwarf
118
100 122
Prespa Cattle
101
103
95
100
Gatacko cattle
Busha (Bosnia)
Rhodopean short-horned cattle
Bulgarian Rhodopean cattle
Bulgarian brown cattle
106
115
Brachykeratiki
0
50
100
150
200
Country
Breed
Greece
Bulgaria
Production traits
Milk Yield
(kg)
Lactation
(days)
Age at First Calving
(month)
Brachykeratiki
Not milked
/
24
Bulgarian brown
3041-8764
250-385
Bulgarian Rhodop.
2900-5900
Rhodop. shorthorned
800
Bosnia
Busha
Gatacko cattle
1000-2000
1600-2500
240
240
28-37
28-37
Albania
Prespa Cattle
Ilyric Dwarf Cattle
900-1000*
600-800*
280-310*
280-320*
26-27*
28-30*
Croatia
Dalmatian grey cattle
Busha
2000-3000
800-1500
280-320
250-300
24-28
25-30*
Serbia
Montafone
3800
305
Busha
1000
270
Slovenia
Cika cattle
2500-3000*
300*
20-28*
FYROM
Busha
Turkey
South anatolian red
Native Southern Yellow
Eastern Anatolian red
Anatolian black
1875
633
938
1061
238
188
204
257
36
No info
36
31,5
Gene bank - In situ
Country
Breed
No. dams
No. sires
Greece
Brachykeratiki
1800
350
Bulgaria
Bulgarian brown cattle
44166
Bulgarian Rhodop. cattle
33187
Rhodop. short-horned
247
2
Bosnia
Busha
Gatacko cattle
Albania
Prespa Cattle
Ilyric Dwarf Cattle
150
130
3 (+1 jung)
5
Croatia
Dalmatian grey cattle
Busha
No herbook
105
No herdbook
9
Serbia
Montafone
Busha
240
20
Slovenia
Cika cattle
300
FYROM
Busha
Turkey
South Anatolian red
Native Southern Yellow
Eastern Anatolian red
Anatolian black
93
119
134
104
34
28
16
14
Gene bank - Ex situ
Country
Breed
No. dams
No. sires
Greece
Brachykeratiki
Bulgaria
Bulgarian brown cattle
68
Bulgarian Rhodopean cattle
24
Rhodop. short-horned cattle
3
Bosnia
Busha
Gatacko cattle
Albania
Prespa Cattle and Iliryc
Croatia
Dalmatian grey cattle
Busha
6
Montafone
3
Busha
1
Serbia
Slovenia
Cika cattle
Macedonia
Busha
Turkey
South Anatolian red
Native Southern Yellow
Eastern Anatolian red
Anatolian black
30
53
Non
84
15
Semen doses
3600
5000
3500
30
Non
39
10
Non
Non
Non
30 (experiment)
Gene bank - Ex situ
• 9 samples of tissue from Cika cattle
(Slovenia)
• (TISSUE DEPOSITORY)
Data in international farm animal
genetic resources databases
• EFABIS: 11 breeds recorded
(Brachikeratiki, Bulg. Brown cattle, Bulgarian
rhodopean cattle, Rhodopean short-horned cattle,
Montafone, Busha-Serbia, Cika cattle, BushaCroatia, South Anatolian red-Turkey, Native
Southern Yellow-Turkey, Eastern Anatolian redTurkey, Anatolian black-Turkey)
• OKLAHOMA BREEDS: 5 breeds recorded
(Busha-Serbia, Cika cattle, South Anatolian redTurkey, Eastern Anatolian red-Turkey, Anatolian
black )
Breeding programme
Breed
Breeding prog.
Brachykeratiki
no
Bulgarian brown cattle
3 Approval ??
3
3
Bulgarian Rhodop. cattle
3 Approval ??
3
3
Rhodop. short-horned
3 Approval ??
3
3
Busha and Gatacko– Bosnia
No
Prespa Cattle
Ilyric Dwarf Cattle
31.10.2006
no
3
3
Just started
Dalmatian grey cattle
Busha - Croatia
3 2007
3 2007
3
3
3
3
Montafone
no
Busha - Serbia
no
Cika cattle
Goals
Individual identification
3
No
3
3
3
3
3
Busha-FYROM
no
3
South anatolian red
Native Southern Yellow
Eastern Anatolian red
Anatolian black
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Breeding programme
Breed
Production measurement
Recording schemes
Brachykeratiki
no
Bulgarian brown cattle
Growth and body
conformation; milk production
Performance test at a station and
on farm; progeny test; test in lab.
Bulgarian Rhodop. cattle
Milk production
Performance test at a station and
on farm; progeny test; test in lab.
Rhodop. short-horned
no
no
Busha – Bosnia + Gatacko
No
no
Prespa Cattle and Iliryc
Just started
Not yet
Dalmatian grey cattle
Busha - Croatia
no
Fertility; Growth and body
conformation; Milk production
no
Performance test on farm;
biological and genetic tests
Montafone
no
no
Busha - Serbia
no
Biological and genetic tests
Cika cattle
Fertility; Milk production
Performance test at a station and
on farm; progeny test; biological
and gen. tests; tests in lab.
Busha-FYROM
no
no
Turkey’s breeds
No
No
Breeding program
Breed
Exterior
Breeding Value (BV)
Brachykeratiki
no
no
Bulgarian brown cattle
3
3
Bulgarian Rhodopean cattle
3
no
Rhodop. short-horned cattle
no
no
Busha – Bosnia and Gatacko
no
no
Prespa Cattle
Ilyric Dwarf Cattle
no
Not yet
Dalmatian grey cattle
Busha - Croatia
no
3
no
no
Montafone
3
no
Busha - Serbia
3
no
Cika cattle
3
3
Busha-Macedonia
no
no
Turkey’s breeds
no
no
Breeding program
Breed
Artificial Insemination Ex-situ reserve
Brachykeratiki
no
no
Bulgarian brown cattle
3
semen
Bulgarian Rhodopean cattle
3
semen
Rhodop. short-horned cattle
3
semen
Busha and Gatacko- Bosnia
no
no
Prespa Cattle
Ilyric Dwarf Cattle
No
no
No
no
Dalmatian grey cattle
Busha - Croatia
no
3
no
semen
Montafone
3
semen
Busha - Serbia
no
semen
Cika cattle
3
semen
Busha-Macedonia
no
no
Turkey’s breeds
no
no
Breeding program
• Embryo transfer
is not in practical use in any country
The most frequent special
characteristics
• Adaptability to the local extensive conditions
• Longevity
• Disease resistance
The most frequent special
adaptability
• Adapted to environment in high mountains
• Adapted to harsh conditions (low quality
vegetation and feeds)
• Adapted to climatic conditions
• Adapted to extensive breeding
Conservation: short-terms
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Monitoring, subsidy of method in- and ex situ
Suport of the reputation of breeders
Establishment of a breeding organization
Financial support for keeping pure-breed bulls
Introduction of a herdbook
Establish nucleus herds
Activate the breeding scheme
Development of sustainable programs, economical exploitation
Reproduction of the selected animals
Breed restoration on the basis of origin assessment with genetic
molecular methods
• Identification and registration of farmers
Conservation: long-terms
• Monitoring, subsidy of method in- and ex situ,
cryoconservation, promotion of typical products
• Development of sustainable programs,
economical exploitation
• Using A.I. and semen of licensed bulls
• Breed restoration on the basis of origin
assessment with genetic molecular methods
• Sustainable on farm conservation programme
Breed
Production system
Main use
Reared as
Housing
Pasture
Brachykeratiki
Meat
suckler
Loose
3
Bulgarian brown cattle
Dual
Tied-up
3
Bulgarian Rhod. cattle
Milk
Tied-up
3
Rhodop. short-horned
Dual
Loose
3
Busha – Bosnia + Gatacko
Dual
Dairy,suckler
Tied-up
3
Prespa Cattle
Ilyric Dwarf Cattle
Milk
dual
Dairy
dairy
Loose
loose
3
3
Dalmatian grey cattle
Busha - Croatia
Dual
dual
Dairy,suckler
Dairy,suckler
Tied-up and
loose
3
3
Montafone
Dual
Busha - Serbia
Dual
Suckler
Cika cattle
Dual
Dairy,suckler
Tied-up
3
Busha-Macedonia
dual
suckler
loose
No?
South anatolian red
Native Southern Yellow
Eastern Anatolian red
Anatolian black
Dual
Dual
Dual, draft
dual
Dairy
Dairy
Dairy
dairy
Loose
Loose
Loose
loose
3
3
3
3
3
3
Production system
Breed
Feed
Feed during
grazing
Place of
slaughter
Brachykeratiki
Forage +
Grazing +
Slaughter h.
Bulgarian brown cattle
Forage +
Grazing +
Slaughter h.
Bulgarian Rhodopean cattle
Forage +
Grazing +
Slaughter h.
Rhodop. short-horned cattle
Forage
Only grazing
Slaughter h.
Busha and Gatacko- Bosnia
Forage
Only grazing
Slaughter h.+
Prespa Cattle and Iliryc
Forage
Only grazing
On farm
Dalmatian grey cattle
Busha - Croatia
Forage +
Forage
Only grazing
Only grazing
Slaughter h.
Slaughter h.
Montafone
Forage +
Busha - Serbia
Forage +
Only grazing
On farm
Cika cattle
Forage +
Only grazing
Slaughter h.
Busha-Macedonia
Forage
Only grazing
Turkey’s breeds
Forage
Only grazing
Slaughter h.
Typical products
• Cheese (Prespa cattle-Albania, BushaCroatia, Dalmatian grey cattle-Croatia,
Cika cattle-Slovenia, Bosnia –busha,
Serbian busha)
• Yoghurt (Prespa cattle-Albania)
• Dry meat (Busha-Bosnia)
Milk, beef meat
Thank you
for your attention !