Civics and Economics Flashcards
Cover the answers on the right side and quiz yourself.
If your answer is correct, put a check in the middle column.
Question
a
Answer
CE.2a Which fundamental political principle states that the
people are the source of any and all governmental power?
Consent of the Governed
CE.2a Which fundamental political principle states that the
government is not all-powerful and may do only those
things the people have given it the power to do?
Limited Government
CE.2a Which fundamental political principle states that the
government and those who govern are bound by the law, as
are those who are governed?
CE.2a Which fundamental political principle states that in
this system of government, the people rule?
CE.2a Which fundamental political principle states that in
this system of government, the people elect public
officeholders to make laws and conduct government on the
people's behalf?
CE.2b Which early document guaranteed the rights of
Englishmen to the colonists?
CE.2b Which early document served as a model for the Bill
of Rights to the U.S. Constitution?
CE.2b Which early document stated grievances against the
king of Great Britain?
CE.2b Which early document established the first form of
national government for the independent states?
Rule of Law
Democracy
Representative Government
Charters of the Virginia Company of London
Virginia Declaration of Rights
Declaration of Independence
Articles of Confederation
CE.2b Which early document declared the colonies'
independence from Great Britain?
Declaration of Independence
CE.2b Which early document affirmed "certain unalienable
rights" (life, liberty, pursuit of happiness)?
Declaration of Independence
CE.2b Which early document maintained that major powers
resided with individual states?
CE.2b Which early document created a weak central
government (no power to tax or enforce laws)?
CE.2b Which early document led to the writing of the U.S.
Constitution?
CE.2b Which early document established the idea that all
people are equal under the law?
CE.2b Which early document stated freedom of religious
beliefs and opinions?
CE.2b Which important document established the structure
of the U.S. government?
Articles of Confederation
Articles of Confederation
Articles of Confederation
Declaration of Independence
Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom
U.S. Constitution, including the Bill of Rights
CE.2b Which important document guaranteed equality
under the law with majority rule and the rights of the
minority protected?
CE.2b Which important document affirmed individual
worth and dignity of all people?
CE.2b Which important document protected the
fundamental freedoms of religion, speech, press, assembly,
and petition?
CE.2c The ____ of a constitution sets forth the goals and
purposes to be served by the government.
CE.2c The _____ of the U.S. Constitution expressed the
reasons the constitution was written.
CE.2c What are the six purposes of the U.S. government as
stated in the Preamble to the U.S. Constitution?
CE.2c The Preamble to the U.S. Constitution begins, "____
the _____", thereby establishing that the power of
government comes from the people.
CE.2d The amendment process to the U.S. Constitution is
_____.
CE.2d To date, there are ____ amendments to the U.S.
Constitution.
U.S. Constitution, including the Bill of Rights
U.S. Constitution, including the Bill of Rights
U.S. Constitution, including the Bill of Rights
Preamble
Preamble
1. to form a more perfect union 2. to establish
justice 3. to ensure domestic tranquility 4. to
provide for the common defense 5. to promote
the general welfare 6. to secure the blessings of
liberty
"We the People"
complex
27
CE.2d What are the two steps to the amendment process of
the U.S. Constitution?
1. Proposal: Action by Congress or convention
2. Ratification: by the states
CE.2d What are the two steps to the amendment process of
the Virginia constitution?
1. Proposal: Action by General Assembly or
convention
2. Ratification: by the voters of Virginia
CE.3a A ___ is an individual with certain rights and duties
under a government and who, by birth or by choice, owes
allegiance to that government.
CE.3a The ____ Amendment to the U.S. constitution
defines citizenship.
CE.3a What are the two means of obtaining U.S.
citizenship?
citizen
14th
1. by birth 2. by naturalization
CE.3a Immigration and naturalization, particularly in the
twentieth century, have led to an increasingly ___ society.
diverse
CE.3a To become a citizen through naturalization, a person
must demonstrate knowledge of American ____ and ____
and the ability to ____, _____, and _____ words in ordinary
usage in the English language.
American history and principles; ability to read,
speak, and write
CE.3b The U.S. Constitution establishes and protects the
citizens' fundamental ___ and ___.
CE.3b Few rights, if any, are considered ___.
rights and liberties
absolute
CE.3b List the five 1st Amendment freedoms.
Religion, Assembly, Speech, Press, Petition
(RASPP)
CE.3b Which 1st Amendment freedom says that the
government may not establish, endorse, or unduly interfere
with free exercise of religion?
Freedom of Religion
CE.3b Which 1st Amendment freedom says that individuals
are free to express their opinions and beliefs?
Freedom of Speech
CE.3b Which 1st Amendment freedom says that the press
has the right to gather and publish information, including
that which criticizes the government?
CE.3b Which 1st Amendment freedom says that individuals
may peacefully gather?
CE.3b Which 1st Amendment freedom says that individuals
have the right to make their views known to public officials?
CE.3b Which Amendment extends due process protection to
actions of the states?
CE.3c For government to be effective, citizens must fulfill
their ____ ____.
CE.3c List the four DUTIES of citizens
CE.3c Citizens who choose not to fulfill there civic DUTIES
face ____ ____.
CE.3d The most basic RESPONSIBILITY of citizenship is
________________.
CE.3d Civic RESPONSIBILITIES are fulfilled by ____; they are
_____.
CE.3d One RESPONSIBILITY of citizens is to register and
____.
CE.3d One RESPONSIBILITY of citizens is to hold public ____.
CE.3d One RESPONSIBILITY of citizens is communicate with
___ ___ to influence government actions.
CE.3d One RESPONSIBILITY of citizens is serve in voluntary,
appointed ____ ___.
CE.3d One RESPONSIBILITY of citizens is to participate in
____ campaigns.
CE.3d One RESPONSIBILITY of citizens is to keep informed
regarding ___ ___.
CE.3d One RESPONSIBILITY of citizens is to respect other's
right to an equal ___________.
CE.3e A democratic society requires the active ___ of its
citizens.
CE.3e Give an example of a way to volunteer to support
democratic institutions.
Freedom of the Press
Freedom of Assembly
Freedom of Petition
14th
civic duties
Obey laws, pay taxes, serve in the armed forces if
called, serve on a jury or as a witness in court
when summoned
legal consequences
to contribute to the common good
choice; voluntary
vote
office
government officials
government positions
political
current issues
voice in government
participation
join the League of Women Voters
CE.3e Give examples of issues individuals could express
concern about the welfare of the community as a whole.
CE.3e Give examples of ways to help make the community a
good place to work and live.
CE.4 Thoughtful and effective participation in civic life
depends on the exercise of ___ ___.
CE.4 A personal trait of a good citizen is trustworthiness and
honesty. Give an example.
CE.4 A personal trait of a good citizen is courtesy and
respect for the rights of others. Give an example.
environment, public health and safety, education
get involved with public service organizations,
tutor, volunteer in nursing homes
good citizenship
Don't allow other students to copy your
homework. Return a wallet if you find it.
Don't talk on your cell phone in a movie theater.
Allow others to express their opinions.
CE.4 A personal trait of a good citizen is respect for the law.
Give an example.
CE.4 A personal trait of a good citizen is patriotism. Give an
example.
Bring your materials to class. Set an alarm to get
yourself up in the morning. Admit to mistakes
and accept consequences.
Obey traffic laws. Show respect for law
enforcement employees.
Say the Pledge of Allegiance. Sing the Star
Spangled Banner.
CE.4 A personal trait of a good citizen is participation in the
school and/or local community. Give an example.
Join clubs that serve the community. Donate to
the SPCA or Good Will.
CE.4 A personal trait of a good citizen is participation in
elections as an informed voter. Give an example.
Learn about the candidates running for election.
Register and vote when you are 18.
CE.4 A personal trait of a good citizen is responsibility,
accountability, and self-reliance. Give an example.
CE.5a ___ ___ play a key role in government and provide
opportunities for citizens to participate in the political
process.
CE.5a A function of political parties is to recruit and
nominate ____.
CE.5a A function of political parties is to educate the
electorate about ___ ___.
CE.5a A function of political parties is to help candidates ___
elections.
CE.5a A function of political parties is to monitor the actions
of ___.
CE.5b A ___-party system characterizes the American
political process.
CE.5b Although ___ parties rarely win elections, they can
play an important role in public politics.
CE.5b Political parties are similar in that they organize to
___ elections.
CE.5b Political parties are similar in that they ___ public
policies.
CE.5b Political parties are similar in that they reflect both
___ and ___ views.
political parties
candidates
campaign issues
win
officeholders
two
third
win
influence
liberal and conservative
CE.5b Political parties are similar in that they define
themselves in a way that wins ___ support by appealing to
the political ___.
CE.5b Differences between political parties are stated in
party ___ and reflected in ___.
CE.5b Third parties introduce new ___ and/or press for a
particular ___.
CE.5b Third parties often revolve around a political
personality like ___ ___.
CE.5c Voters ___ information presented in political
campaigns to make reasoned ___ among candidates.
CE.5c The ___ play an important role in the political process.
CE.5c A strategy for evaluating campaign speeches,
literature, and advertisements for accuracy is to separate
___ from ___.
CE.5c A strategy for evaluating campaign speeches,
literature, and advertisements for accuracy is to detect ___.
CE.5c A strategy for evaluating campaign speeches,
literature, and advertisements for accuracy is to evaluate
___.
majority; center
platforms; campaigning
ideas; issue
Theodore Roosevelt
evaluate; choices
media
fact; opinion
bias
sources
CE.5c A strategy for evaluating campaign speeches,
literature, and advertisements for accuracy is to identify ___
propaganda
CE.5c The mass media identifies ___.
candidates
CE.5c The mass media emphasizes selected ___.
CE.5c The mass media writes ___, creates political ___, and
publishes ___ pieces.
CE.5c The mass media broadcasts different ___ of ___.
CE.5d Running for political office is ___.
CE.5d Rising campaign costs require candidates to conduct
extensive ___-___ activities.
CE.5d Rising campaign costs ___ opportunities to run for
public office.
CE.5d Rising campaign costs give an advantage to ___
individuals who run for office.
CE.5d Rising campaign costs encourage the development of
___.
CE.5d Rising campaign costs give issue-oriented ___ ___
groups increased influence.
CE.5d Rising campaign costs have led to efforts to reform
campaign ___ ___.
CE.5d Limits have been placed on the amount ___ may
contribute to political candidates and campaigns.
issues
editorials; cartoons; op-ed
points of view
expensive
fund-raising
limit
wealthy
PACs (Political Action Committees)
special interest
finance laws
individuals
CE.5e Voting is a basic responsibility of ___.
citizenship
CE.5e Voter ___ is required before a citizen may vote.
registration
CE.5e The number of citizens who register and vote is
related to how ___ election issues are to citizens.
CE.5e Only citizens who ___ may participate in primary and
general elections.
important
register
CE.5e What are the 3 qualifications to register and vote in
Virginia?
U.S. citizen; Resident of Virginia and precinct; 18
years old by the day of general election
CE.5e In Virginia, you may register to vote in person at the
___ office, at the ___, or at other designated sites.
registrar's; Division of Motor Vehicles (DMV)
CE.5e Voter registration is closed ___ days before elections.
22
CE.5e What are the 3 factors in predicting which citizens will
vote?
Age, Education, Income (AEI-first three vowels)
CE.5e What are two reasons why citizens fail to vote?
CE.5e The percentage of voters who participate in
presidential elections is usually ___ than the percentage of
voters who participate in state and local elections.
CE.5e Every vote is ___!
CE.5f The Electoral College process is used to select the ___
and ___ of the United States.
CE.5f The Electoral College has a slate of electors for each
state which is chosen by ___ ___.
CE.5f Most states have a ___-___-___ system.
CE.5f The electors meet to ___ for president and vice
president.
CE.5f The winner-take-all system leads to the targeting of
___ populated states for campaigning.
CE.5f Candidates must pay attention to the less populated
states whose electoral votes may make the difference in
___ elections.
CE.5f The number of electors of each state is based on the
size of the state's ___ ___, which is based on the state's
population.
CE.5f The requirement for a majority vote to win in the
Electoral College favors a ___-___ system.
CE.5g All citizens can learn the importance of the
individual's participation in the political process either
through ____ ___ in campaigns or through ___.
lack of interest; failure to register
greater
important
President; Vice President
popular vote
winner-take-all
vote
densely
tight
Congressional representation
two-party
direct involvement; simulations
CE.5g Student participation in the democratic process can
include participating in ___ or participating in classroom
and online ___.
CE.6a The U.S. Constitution defines the ___ and ___ of the
national government.
CE.6a The powers held by government are divided between
the ___ government in Washington, D.C. and the
governments of the 50 states.
CE.6a What are the three branches of government?
CE.6a What is the lawmaking body of the national
government called?
CE.6a Congress is a ___ legislature because it has two
houses.
CE.6a What are the two houses of Congress?
campaigns; simulations
structure; powers
national
Legislative; Executive; Judicial
Congress
bicameral
House of Representatives; Senate
CE.6a How many total members are in the House of
Representatives?
435
CE.6a How many total members are in the Senate?
100
CE.6a The number of members in the House of
Representatives is based on ____.
CE.6a The number of members in the Senate is ___ per
state.
population
two
CE.6a The legislative branch ___ the laws of the nation.
makes
CE.6a The legislative branch approves the annual ___.
budget
CE.6a The legislative branch confirms ___ ___.
CE.6a The legislative branch raises revenue through ___ and
other levies.
CE.6a The legislative branch regulates ___ and ___ trade.
CE.6a The legislative branch declares ___.
presidential appointments
taxes
interstate and foreign
war
CE.6a The head of the executive branch is the ___.
President
CE.6a The chief executive officer of the nation is the ___.
President
CE.6a The executive branch ___ the laws of the land.
executes
CE.6a The executive branch ___ the annual budget for
congressional action.
CE.6a The executive branch appoints cabinet ___, ___, and
federal ___.
CE.6a The executive branch administers federal ___.
prepares
officers; ambassadors; judges
bureaucracy
CE.6a The ___ branch consists of the federal courts,
including the Supreme Court, the highest court in the land.
judicial
CE.6a The Supreme Court exercises the power of ___ ___.
judicial review
CE.6a The federal courts try cases involving federal law and
questions involving interpretation of the _____________.
U.S. Constitution
CE.6b The powers of the national government are ___
among the three branches to limit any one branch from ___
its power.
separated; abusing
CE.6b Article I of the U.S. Constitution defines the powers of
the ___ branch of the national government.
legislative
CE.6b Article II of the U.S. Constitution defines the powers
of the ___ branch of the national government.
executive
CE.6b Article III of the U.S. Constitution defines the powers
of the ___ branch of the national government.
judicial
CE.6b Each of the three branches of the national
government limits the exercise of power by the other two
branches in a system called ___ and ___.
checks and balances
CE.6b How can the legislative branch (Congress) check the
powers of the executive branch (the president)?
override presidential vetoes; impeach and
convict a president
CE.6b How can the legislative branch (Congress) check the
powers of the judicial branch (the courts)?
confirm or refuse to confirm federal
judges/justices; impeach and convict
judges/justices
CE.6b How can the executive branch (the president) check
the powers of the legislative branch (Congress)?
propose legislation; prepare the annual budget
for Congress to approve; call special sessions of
Congress; veto legislation passed by Congress
CE.6b How can the executive branch (the president) check
the powers of the judicial branch (the courts)?
CE.6b How can the judicial branch (the courts) check the
powers of the legislative branch (Congress)?
CE.6b How can the judicial branch (the courts) check the
powers of the executive branch (the president)?
CE.6c Officials who are ___ to serve in the national
legislature (Congress) make laws.
CE.6c ___ laws are made by Congress.
appoint judges/justices
declare acts of Congress to be unconstitutional
declare executive acts to be unconstitutional
elected
national
CE.6c Legislative powers are either ___ or ___.
expressed; implied
CE.6c Expressed powers are ___ ___ in the U.S.
Constitution.
specifically listed
CE.6c Implied powers are used to ___ ___ the expressed
powers.
CE.6c The 1st step of the lawmaking process is the
introduction of a ___ by a ___ or ___.
CE.6c The 2nd step of the lawmaking process is
_____________________.
CE.6c The 3rd step of the lawmaking process is ____ the bill
on the floor of each house.
CE.6c The 4th step of the lawmaking process is ___ on the
bill in each house.
CE.6c The final step of the lawmaking process is sending to
bill to the ____ to sign into ___.
CE.6c Elected officials in Congress write laws and take action
in response to ___ or ___.
CE.6c ___ and ___ help shape legislation
CE.6c Citizens (including students) learn the importance of
the ___ process through direct involvement and/or
simulations.
CE.6d Presidential power is broad in both ___ and ___
affairs, but there are limits on what the president can and
cannot do.
CE.6d One way the executive branch influences
policymaking is by ___ legislation in an annual speech to
Congress called the ___ of the ___ ___.
CE.6d One way the executive branch influences
policymaking is by appealing directly to the ___.
CE.6d One way the executive branch influences
policymaking is by ___ or ___ legislation.
CE.6d One way the executive branch influences
policymaking is by appointing ___ who carry out the laws.
CE.6d ___ departments, agencies, and regulatory groups
interpret and execute the laws.
CE.6d As chief of state, the president is the ceremonial ___
of ___.
CE.6d As chief executive, the president is the head of the
___ branch of government.
CE.6d As chief legislator, the president is the proposer of
the legislative ___.
CE.6d As commander-in-chief, the president is the head of
the nation's ___ ___.
CE.6d As chief diplomat, the president is the architect of
American ___ policy.
CE.6d As chief of party, the president is the leader of the
___ ___ that controls the executive branch.
CE.6d As chief citizen, the president is the representative of
all ___.
carry out
bill; Senator or Representative
working in committees.
debating
voting
president; law
problems or issues
individuals and interest groups
legislative
domestic and foreign
proposing; State of the Union Address
people
approving or vetoing
officials
Cabinet
head of government
executive
agenda
armed forces
foreign
political party
people
CE.6d Presidential power has ___ in the years since the
Constitution was ratified.
CE.7a The form of government of the Commonwealth of
Virginia is established by the ___ ___.
CE.7a Legislative, executive, and judicial powers are ___ at
the state level of government.
Virginia Constitution
CE.7a What is the name of the legislative body of Virginia?
General Assembly
CE.7a The Virginia General Assembly is a ___ legislature
(two houses).
CE.7a What are the two houses of the Virginia General
Assembly?
CE.7a The Virginia General Assembly meets ___ for a fixed
number of days.
CE.7a The executive power of Virginia is exercised by the
___.
CE.7a The governor is elected for a ___-year term of office.
CE.7a The governor appoints members of the ___, who
oversee specific functions of government.
CE.7a The lieutenant governor and the attorney general are
executive branch officers who are elected for a ___-year
term of office.
CE.7a The judicial power of Virginia is exercised by a court
system of four levels. List the four courts in order from
highest to lowest.
CE.7b The U.S. Constitution establishes the principle of ___,
which is the division of power between the states and the
national government.
grown
separated
bicameral
Virginia House of Delegates and the Virginia
Senate
annually
governor
four
Cabinet
four
Supreme Court, Court of Appeals, Circuit Courts,
District Courts
federalism
CE.7b The ___ of the national government's powers into
areas traditionally reserved to the states has altered the
relationship of states to the national government.
expansion
CE.7b The U.S. Constitution establishes a federal form of
government in which the ___ government is supreme.
national
CE.7b The powers not given to the national government by
the U.S. Constitution are ___ to the states.
reserved
CE.7b The U.S. Constitution ___ certain powers to both the
national and state governments.
CE.7b What are the primary responsibilities of the national
government?
CE.7b What are the primary responsibilities of the state
government?
CE.7b Tensions exist when federal mandates require state
action without ___ ___.
CE.7c Members of the Virginia General Assembly are ___ to
make state laws.
denies
conduct foreign policy; regulate commerce;
provide for the common defense
promote public health, safety, and welfare
adequate funding
elected
CE.7c The 1st step of the lawmaking process in the Virginia
General Assembly is ___ a ___.
CE.7c The 2nd step of the lawmaking process in the Virginia
General Assembly is ___ in ___.
introducing a bill
working in committees
CE.7c The 3rd step of the lawmaking process in the Virginia
General Assembly is ___ the bill on the floor of each house.
debating
CE.7c The 4th step of the lawmaking process in the Virginia
General Assembly is ___ on the bill in each house.
voting
CE.7c The final step of the lawmaking process in the Virginia
General Assembly is sending the bill to the ___ to sign into
___.
governor; law
CE.7c Elected officials in the Virginia General Assembly
write laws and take action in response to ___ or ___.
problems or issues
CE.7c ___ and ___ groups help shape legislation.
individuals; interest
CE.7c What are the 5 primary issues in the legislative
process at the state level?
Education; Public Health, Environment; State
Budget; Revenue
CE.7c Which primary issue in the legislative process strives
to promote an informed and engaged citizenry?
Education
CE.7c Which primary issue in the legislative process strives
to promote and protect the health of its citizens?
Public Health
CE.7c Which primary issue in the legislative process strives
to protect natural resources?
CE.7c Which primary issue in the legislative process strives
to approve a biennial (two year) budget prepared by the
governor?
CE.7c Which primary issue in the legislative process strives
to levy and collect taxes?
CE.7d The ___ branch of the Virginia state government
enforces the laws and plays a key role in the policymaking
process.
CE.7d The ___ of Virginia exercises the formal powers
granted by the Virginia Constitution.
CE.7d List the 5 roles of Virginia's governor.
CE.7d Cabinet secretaries and departments, agencies,
commissions, and regulatory boards ___ and ___ laws.
CE.7d Cabinet secretaries and departments, agencies,
commissions, and regulatory boards regulate aspects of ___
and the ___.
CE.7d Cabinet secretaries and departments, agencies,
commissions, and regulatory boards provide ___.
Environment
State Budget
Revenue
executive
governor
chief of state; chief legislator; chief
administrator; party chief; commander-in-chief
administer; enforce
business; economy
services
CE.8a The units of local governments in Virginia are political
subdivisions created by the ___ ___.
CE.8a The units of local governments in Virginia are ___,
___, and ___.
CE.8a Each Virginia county has an elected ___ of ___, which
exercises legislative powers, enacting ___ (local laws) and
adopting an annual budget.
CE.8a Each Virginia county and city has an elected or
appointed ___ ___, which oversees the operation of the k12 public schools in the county or city.
CE.8a Each Virginia incorporated town has an elected ___
___, which exercises legislative powers, enacting ___ (local
laws) and adopting an annual budget.
CE.8a A ___ is elected either by the voters or the town/city
council members.
CE.8a Each Virginia city has an elected ___ ___, which
exercises legislative powers, enacting ___ (local laws) and
adopting an annual budget.
CE.8a In Virginia counties, towns, and cities, a ___ may be
hired by the elected legislative branch to oversee the
operations of the local government.
CE.8a In every Virginia locality, state courts resolve judicial
___.
CE.8a Judges of the ___ courts, ___ courts, ___ and
domestic relations courts, and small ___ courts hear cases
in each locality.
CE.8a The Virginia Constitution requires that voters in every
locality elect a ___, a clerk of the ___ court, a commissioner
of ___, and a ___.
CE.8a Virginia local governments have the power to ___
state and local laws.
CE.8a Virginia local governments have the power to
promote public ___.
CE.8a Virginia local governments have the power to protect
public ___.
CE.8a Virginia local governments have the power to ___
children.
CE.8a Virginia local governments have the power to protect
the ___.
CE.8a Virginia local governments have the power to
regulate ___ use.
CE.8a Virginia local governments have the power to ___ and
___ taxes.
CE.8b All powers of local governments in Virginia are given
to them by the ___ of Virginia and acts of the ___ ___.
CE.8b Not all counties and cities are given the same ___.
Cities have ___ listing their powers.
General Assembly
counties, towns, cities
Board of Supervisors; ordinances
school board
town council; ordinances
mayor
city council; ordinances
manager
disputes
circuit; district; juvenile; claims
sheriff; circuit; revenue; treasurer
enforce
health
safety
educate
environment
land
levy and collect
Constitution; General Assembly
powers; charters
CE.8b The authority of local governments in Virginia is ___
from the ___.
CE.8c Counties, cities, and towns adopt and enforce ___ to
provide services for their residents.
CE.8c An elected ___ of ___ is the local legislative body in
counties and is responsible for passing ordinances for the
county.
CE.8c An elected council is the local legislative body in
independent ___ and incorporated ___.
CE.8c ___ can have the greatest influence on the decisions
made by local government officials.
CE.9a The ___ informs policymakers and influences public
policy.
CE.9a The media has a role in setting the public agenda by
focusing public attention on ___ ___.
CE.9a The media offers a ___ in which opposing viewpoints
are communicated.
CE.9a The media holds government officials ___ to the
public.
CE.9a Government officials use the media to ___ with the
public.
CE.9b ___ and ___ groups influence public policy.
CE.9b What is the term for seeking to influence legislators
to introduce or vote for or against a bill?
CE.9b Individuals can influence public policy by participating
in politics. Give an example.
CE.9b Individuals can influence public policy by expressing
opinions. Give an example.
CE.9b Individuals can influence public policy by joining ___
___.
CE.9b Interest groups influence public policy by identifying
___.
CE.9b Interest groups influence public policy by making
political ___.
CE.9b Interest groups influence public policy by ___
government officials.
CE.9c Local governments may be required to ___, ___, and
___ public policies in response to international issues and
events.
derived from the state
ordinances
Board of Supervisors
cities; towns
individuals
media
selected issues
forum
accountable
communicate
individuals; interest
lobbying
voting, campaigning, seeking office
lobbying, demonstrating, writing letters
interest groups
issues
contributions
lobbying
formulate, adopt, and implement
CE.9c Public health concerns in the event of a ___ is one
example of an international issue/event that would require
policy decisions by local government officials.
pandemic
CE.9c Public safety in the event of an act of ___ is one
example of an international issue/event that would require
policy decisions by local government officials.
terrorism
CE.9c Economic development policy in response to the
emerging ___ ___ is one example of an international
issue/event that would require policy decisions by local
government officials.
CE.9c Policies to protect the ___ (wildlife protection) is one
example of an international issue/event that would require
policy decisions by local government officials.
CE.10a The judicial function is exercised in a ___ court
system, which consists of ___ and ___ courts.
CE.10a The United States has a court system whose
organization and jurisdiction are derived from the U.S. ___
and federal ___.
CE.10a List the three United States courts in order from
highest to lowest.
CE.10a The U.S. Supreme court has ___ and no ___.
CE.10a The U.S. Supreme court has ___ and limited ___
jurisdiction.
CE.10a Appellate jurisdiction means that the court has the
authority to ___ a case tried by a lower court.
CE.10a Original jurisdiction means that the court has the
authority to hear a case for the ___ ___.
global economy
environment
dual; state; federal
Constitution; laws
U.S. Supreme Court, U.S. Court of Appeals, U.S.
District Court
justices; jury
appellate; original
review
first time
CE.10a The U.S. Court of Appeals has ___ and no ___.
judges; jury
CE.10a The U.S. Court of Appeals has ___ jurisdiction.
appellate
CE.10a The U.S. District Court is the only court where a case
is tried before and decided upon by a ___.
CE.10a The U.S. District Court has a ___ who presides over
trials in the courtroom.
CE.10a Virginia, like each of the other 49 states, has its own
separate court system whose organization and jurisdiction
are derived from Virginia's ___ and state ___.
jury
judge
Constitution; laws
CE.10a List Virginia's state courts in order from highest to
lowest.
Virginia Supreme Court, Court of Appeals of
Virginia, Circuit Court, General District Court
(including Juvenile and Domestic Relations
Court)
CE.10a Which Virginia court has justices with no jury, and
appellate and limited original jurisdiction?
Virginia Supreme Court
CE.10a Which Virginia court has judges with no jury, and
appellate jurisdiction to review decisions of circuit courts?
Court of Appeals of Virginia
CE.10a Which Virginia court has a judge with or without a
jury?
Circuit Court
CE.10a Which Virginia court has original jurisdiction for
felony criminal cases and civil cases of more than $1,000?
Circuit Court
CE.10a Which Virginia court has original jurisdiction for
misdemeanor criminal cases and civil cases of less than
$1,000?
CE.10a Which Virginia court has original jurisdiction for
cases involving juveniles and family cases?
CE.10b The power of ___ ___ is an important check on the
legislative and executive branches of government.
General District Court
Juvenile and Domestic Relations Court
judicial review
CE.10b The ___ courts of the United States and Virginia
determine the constitutionality of laws and acts of the
executive branch of government.
Supreme
CE.10b The power of the supreme courts to declare laws
and executive acts unconstitutional is called ___ ___.
judicial review
CE.10b ___ v. ___ established the principle of judicial
review at the national level.
CE.10b The ___ of the United States of America is the
supreme law of the land.
CE.10b State laws must conform to the ___ and ___
constitutions.
CE.10c Courts resolve two kinds of legal conflicts - ___ and
___.
CE.10c In a ___ case, a court determines whether a person
accused of breaking the law is guilty or not guilty of a
misdemeanor or a felony.
CE.10c The first step in a criminal case is ___
CE.10c A person accused of a crime may be arrested if the
police have ___ ___.
CE.10c The 2nd step in a criminal case is the accused may be
committed to ___ or released on ___.
CE.10c The 3rd step in a criminal case is ___ where probable
cause is reviewed.
CE.10c During arraignment, an ___ may be appointed for
the defendant and a ___ is entered.
CE.10c After arraignment in a criminal case, a ___ ___ is set,
and a ___ is conducted.
CE.10c A guilty verdict of a criminal case may be ___.
CE.10c In a ___ case, a court settles a disagreement
between two parties to recover damages or receive
compensation.
CE.10c The first step of a civil case is the plaintiff ___ a ___
to recover damages or receive compensation.
Marbury v. Madison
Constitution
Virginia; U.S.
civil and criminal
criminal
arrest
probable cause
jail; bail
arraignment
attorney; plea
court date; trial
appealed
civil
files a complaint
CE.10c Civil cases can be heard by a ___ or a ___.
judge; jury
CE.10c Civil cases may be ___.
appealed
CE.10d The right to ___ ___ of law is outlined in the 5th and
14th Amendments to the U.S. Constitution.
CE.10d The constitutional protection against unfair
governmental actions and laws.
CE.10d The 5th Amendment prohibits which government
from acting in an unfair manner?
CE.10d The 14th Amendment prohibits which government
from acting in an unfair manner?
CE.10d The Supreme Court has extended the guarantees of
the ___ of ___, based upon the due process clause.
CE.11a People make ___ about how to use limited
resources, decide the ___ of resources, and structure ___
for the distribution of goods and services.
CE.11a ___ is the inability to satisfy all wants at the same
time. (Resources and goods are ___. This requires that
choices be made.
CE.11a ___ are factors of production that are used in the
production of goods and services.
CE.11a Water, trees, and oil are examples of ___ resources.
CE.11a A teacher, factory worker, and plumber are
examples of ___ resources.
CE.11a A hammer, nails, and wood (tools used in
production) are examples of ___ resources.
CE.11a A person who has the ideas for new businesses is an
example of ___ resources.
CE.11a ___ is selection of an item or action from a set of
possible alternatives because resources are limited.
CE.11a ___ is what is given up when a choice is made - the
second choice.
CE.11a ___ is the amount of money exchanged for a good or
service.
due process
due process of law
national
state and local
Bill of Rights
choices; ownership; markets
scarcity; limited
resources
natural
human
capital
entrepreneurship
choice
opportunity cost
price
CE.11a Interaction of ___ and ___ determines price.
supply and demand
CE.11a Price determines who acquires ___ and ___.
goods and services
CE.11a ___ are things that incite or motivate a change in
economic behavior.
CE.11a The interaction of supply and demand determines
___.
incentives
price
CE.11a ___ is the amount of a good or service that
CONSUMERS are willing and able to BUY at a certain price.
demand
CE.11a ___ is the amount of a good or service that
PRODUCERS are willing and able to SELL at a certain price.
supply
CE.11a ___ is the combining of human, natural, capital, and
entrepreneurship resources to make goods or produce
services.
CE.11a Resources available and consumer ___ determine
what is produced.
CE.11a ___ is the using of goods and services.
CE.11a Consumer preference and ___ determine what is
purchased and consumed.
CE.11b Every country must develop an ___ ___ to
determine how to use its limited productive resources.
CE.11b The key factor in determining the type of economy a
country has is the extent of ___ ___.
CE.11b List the three basic questions of economics. Each
type of economy answers these questions differently!
CE.11b No country relies exclusively on ___ to deal with the
economic problem of scarcity.
CE.11b In a traditional economy, economic decisions are
based on ___ and ___ ___.
CE.11b In a traditional economy, people often perform the
same type of work as their parents and grandparents,
regardless of ___ or ___.
CE.11b Which economy allows private ownership of
property/resources, profit motive, and competition?
CE.11b Which economy has central ownership (usually
government) of property/resources?
production
preference
consumption
price
economic system
government control
1. What will be produced? 2. Who will produce
it? 3. For whom will it be produced?
markets
custom; historical precedent
ability; potential
Free Market Economy
Command Economy
CE.11b Which economy has individuals and businesses as
owners and decision makers for the private sector?
Mixed Economy
CE.11b Which economy has the government as owners and
decision makers for the public sector?
Mixed Economy
CE.11b Which economy encourages consumer sovereignty,
individual choice, and minimal government involvement?
Free Market Economy
CE.11b Which economy a lack of consumer choice because
the economy is centrally planned?
CE.11b In a mixed economy, government's role is ___ than
in a free market economy and ___ than in a command
economy.
CE.11b Most economies today, including the United States,
are ___ economies.
Command Economy
greater; less
Mixed
CE.11c The U.S. economy is primarily a free market
economy, so why are we classified as a mixed economy?
There is some government involvement.
CE.11c The government intervenes in a market economy
when the perceived benefits of a government policy
outweigh the ___ ___.
anticipated costs
CE.11c U.S. markets are generally allowed to operate
without ___ ___ from the government.
CE.11c Prices are determined by ___ and ___ as buyers and
sellers interact in the marketplace.
CE.11c Which characteristic of the U.S. economy allows
individuals and businesses to have the right to own real and
personal property as well as the means of production
without undue interference from the government?
CE.11c What is the formula for determining profit?
CE.11c What is the term for rivalry between producers
and/or between sellers of a good or service, usually
resulting in better quality goods and services at lower
prices?
undue interference
supply and demand
Private Property
Income - Expenses = Profit
competition
CE.11c Which characteristic of the U.S. economy is defined
by the consumer - the consumer decides how much of a
good or service will be produced by the purchases made?
Consumer Sovereignty
CE.11c In the United States, government involvement in the
economy is ___. Most decisions regarding production of
goods and services are made in the ____ sector.
limited; private
CE.12a What are the three basic ways that businesses
organize to earn profits?
CE.12a ___ is a person who takes a risk to produce and sell
goods and services in search of a profit.
CE.12a Which type of business organization has one owner
who takes all of the risks and all of the profits?
CE.12a Which type of business organization has two or
more owners who share the risks and profits?
CE.12a Which type of business organization is authorized by
law to act as a legal entity regardless of the number of
owners?
CE.12a Which type of business generally has thousands of
investors who share the profits but their liability is limited
to their investment?
CE.12a Which type of business organization is an
entrepreneur allowed to start?
CE.12b Resources, goods and services, and money flow
continuously among ___, ___, and ___ in the U.S. economy.
CE.12b What is the term for the continuous flow of
resources, goods and services, and money?
CE.12b Individual and business saving and investment
provide ___ ___ that can be borrowed for business
expansion and increased consumption.
proprietorship, partnership, & corporation
entrepreneur
proprietorship
partnership
corporation
corporation
Any! Entrepreneurs may establish a business as a
proprietor, a partner, or a corporation!
households, businesses, and markets
circular flow
financial capital
CE.12b Individuals (households) own the ___ used in
production, sell the ___, and use the income to purchase
___.
CE.12b Businesses (producers) buy ___; make products that
are sold to individuals, other businesses, and the
government; and use the ___ to buy more resources.
CE.12b Governments use ___ ___ from individuals and
businesses to provide ___ goods and services.
CE.12c Private financial institutions act as intermediaries
between ___ and ___ that include households and business
investors.
CE.12c Private financial institutions include ___, ___, and
___.
CE.12c Private financial institutions receive ___ and make
___.
CE.12c How do private financial institutions encourage
saving and investing?
CE.12d Virginia and the U.S. pursue ___ trade in order to
increase wealth.
CE.12d Worldwide markets in which the buying and selling
of goods and services by all nations takes place in a ___ ___.
CE.12d States and nations trade to obtain goods and
services they ___ ___ ___.
CE.12d States and nations trade to buy goods and services
at a ___ ___ or ___ ___.
CE.12d States and nations trade to ___ goods and services
to other countries.
CE.12d States and nations trade to create ___.
resources; resources; products
resources; profits
tax revenue; public
savers; borrowers
banks, savings and loans, credit unions
deposits; loans
by paying interest on deposits
international
global economy
cannot produce themselves (or produce
efficiently)
lower cost; opportunity cost
sell
jobs
CE.12d Virginia and the U.S. specialize in the production of
certain goods and services, which promotes ___ and ___.
efficiency and growth
CE.12d Innovations in technology (like the ___) contribute
to the global flow of ___, capital, goods, and services.
Internet; information
CE.12d The use of technology ___ the cost of production.
lowers
CE.13a The government promotes and regulates
marketplace ___.
CE.13a The government promotes competition by enforcing
___ legislation to discourage the development of ___.
CE.13a The government promotes competition by engaging
in global ___.
CE.13a The government promotes competition by
supporting business ___-___.
competition
antitrust; monopolies
trade
start-ups
CE.13a Which government agency regulates television and
radio broadcasts?
CE.13a Which government agency regulates how businesses
dispose of their waste?
CE.13a Which government agency investigates unfair
business practices?
CE.13a The FCC, the EPA, and the FTC oversee the way ___
and ___ do business.
CE.13b Government provides certain goods and services
that individuals and businesses acting alone ___ ___ ___.
CE.13b Goods and services provided by the government
provide benefits to many ___.
CE.13b Goods and services provided by the government
would not likely be available if individuals had to ___ ___.
CE.13b Goods and services provided by the government
include such things as ___, ___, and ___
CE.13b Governments pay for public goods and services in
three main ways. List them.
CE.13c The government ___, ___, and ___ to influence
economic activity.
CE.13c Government tax INCREASES ___ the funds available
for individuals and business spending.
CE.13c Government tax DECREASES ___ the funds available
for individuals and business spending.
FCC (Federal Communications Commission)
EPA (Environmental Protection Agency)
FTC (Federal Trade Commission)
individuals; companies
cannot provide efficiently
simultaneously
provide them
highways, postal service, national defense
tax revenue; borrowed funds; through fees (park
entrance fees)
taxes, borrows, spends
reduces
increases
CE.13c INCREASED government borrowing ___ funds
available for borrowing by individuals and businesses.
reduces
CE.13c DECREASED government borrowing ___ funds
available for borrowing by individuals and businesses.
increases
CE.13c INCREASED government spending ___ demand,
which may ___ employment and production.
increases; increase
CE.13c DECREASED government spending ___ demand,
which may result in a ___ of the economy.
CE.13c INCREASED government spending may result in ___
taxes.
CE.13c DECREASED government spending may result in ___
taxes.
CE.13c The ___ Amendment to the U.S. Constitution
authorizes Congress to tax personal and business incomes.
CE.13d The ___ ___ ___ is our nation's central bank.
CE.13d The Federal Reserve System (The Fed) has a duty to
maintain the ___ of the national currency (dollar).
reduces; slowing
higher
lower
16th
Federal Reserve System
value
CE.13d The Fed regulates banks to ensure the soundness of
the banking system and the ___ of ___.
CE.13d The Fed manages the amount of ___ in the economy
to try to keep inflation ___ and ___
CE.13d The Fed acts as the ___ ___ ___.
CE.13e The U.S. government passes laws and creates
agencies to protect ___ ___ and ___ ___.
CE.13e Individuals have the right of private ownership,
which is protected by ___ ___ that are enforceable by law.
CE.13e Government agencies establish guidelines that
protect public ___ and ___.
CE.13e Consumers may take ___ ___ against violations of
consumer rights.
CE.13f ___ is defined as anything that is generally accepted
as a method of payment.
CE.13f When the U.S. government issues coins and
currency, people accept it in exchange for ___ and ___
because they have ___ in the government.
CE.13f Government issues money to facilitate this ___.
CE.13f List the three types of money generally used in the
United States.
CE.14 An awareness of personal ___, ___, and ___ is needed
to select a career.
CE.14 Attitudes and behaviors that support a strong ___ ___
enhance career success.
CE.14 There is a correlation among skills, education, and
___.
CE.14 Changes in ___ influence the abilities, skills, and
education needed in the workplace.
CE.14 Career planning starts with ___-___.
CE.14 Employers seek employees who demonstrate the
attitudes and behaviors of a strong ___ ___.
CE.14 Higher skills and/or education levels generally lead to
___ incomes.
CE.14 ___ and ___ also influence job income
CE.14 Employers seek individuals who have kept pace with
___ changes by updating their skills.
CE.14 Technological advancements create ___ ___ in the
workplace.
safety of deposits
money; low; stable
federal government's bank
consumer rights; property rights
negotiated contracts
health and safety
legal action
money
goods and services; confidence
exchange
coins; federal notes (currency); deposits in
bank accounts that can be accessed by checks
and debit cards.
talents, interests, and aspirations
work ethic
income
technology
self-assessment
work ethic
higher
supply and demand
technological
new jobs
CE.14 Technology and information flows permit people to
work across ___ borders. This creates ___ from foreign
workers for U.S. jobs but also may create ___ for U.S.
workers to work for companies based in other countries.
CE.14 Being fiscally responsible includes making careful
spending ___, saving and ___ for the future, having ___,
keeping to a ___, using ___ wisely, as well as understanding
how contracts, warranties, and guarantees can ___ the
individual.
international; competition; opportunities
decisions; investing; insurance; budget; credit;
protect