Cambridge Latin Course
Cambridge Latin Course
Book IV
FOURTH EDITION
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5th printing 1988
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Cover photographs: front, head of Haterius, Photo Scala, Florence; model of Rome,
Museo della Civiltà Romana; back, Photo Scala, Florence.
Drawings by Peter Kesteven, Joy Mellor, Leslie Jones and Roger Dalladay
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Thanks are due to the following for supplying photographs and drawings for
reproduction: p. 6, Nathan Meron; p. 17, Alberto Carpececi Rome 2000 Years Ago
pub. Bonechi; p. 19 t, b, p. 20 b, Margaret Widdess; p. 21, Baron Wolman; p. 22,
Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge; p. 23, p. 31 l, r, p. 35 l, p. 52 b, Photo Scala, Florence;
p. 35 r, J. P. Adam Roman Building pub. Batsford; p. 36, © St Albans Museums; p. 52,
p. 72, Cambridge School Classics Project; p. 59, Manchester Museum; p. 76, Courtesy
of the Museum of London; p. 81 b, p. 90 b, p. 91 b, p. 92, p. 111, © Copyright The
British Museum; p. 89, Visual Publications; p.91, Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna;
p. 93, p. 106, Musée royal du Mariemont, Morlanwelz, Belgium; p. 101, German
Archaeological Institute, Rome.
Other photography by Roger Dalladay. Thanks are due to the following for
permission to reproduce photographs: p. 1, p. 65, Museo della Civiltà Romana; p. 10,
p. 15, p. 18 c, p. 18 b, p. 71, Roman Forum; p. 51 b, Vatican Museums; p. 56, p. 77,
Museo Archeologico Nazionale, Naples; p. 73, Antiquario, Castellammare di Stabia;
p. 38, p. 74, p. 105, The British Museum; p. 90, Chieti Museum; p. 93, p. 95, Museo
Nazionale Romano; p. 107 t, b, Soprintendenza, Pompeii.
Every effort has been made to reach copyright holders. The publishers would be glad
to hear from anyone whose rights they have unknowingly infringed.
Contents
Stage 29
Rºma
Stage 30
Haterius
23
Stage 31
in urbe
39
Stage 32
Euphrosyn™
59
Stage 33
pantom#mus
77
Stage 34
l#bertus
93
Language information
page 1
111
Part One: About the language
114
Part Two: Vocabulary
142
ROMA
STAGE 29
1 in medi¶ Rºm¶ est mºns nºtissimus, quª Capitºlium
appell¶tur.
in summº Capitºliº stat templum, ubi deus Iuppiter adºr¶tur.
2 sub Capitºliº iacet Forum Rºm¶num.
forum ab ingentª multit–dine cªvium cotªdi• compl•tur.
aliª negºtium agunt; aliª in porticibus stant et ab amªcªs
sal–tantur; aliª per forum in lectªcªs feruntur. ubªque magnus
strepitus audªtur.
2 STAGE 29
3 aliquandº pompae splendidae per forum
d–cuntur.
4 prope medium forum est templum
Vestae, ubi ignis sacer ¶ Virginibus
Vest¶libus c–r¶tur.
5 in extr•mº forº stant Rºstra, ubi ºr¶tiºn•s
apud populum habentur.
6 prope Rºstra est carcer, ubi captªvª
populª Rºm¶nª custºdiuntur.
STAGE 29 3
nox
I
nox erat. l–na st•llaeque in caelº ser•nº fulg•bant. tempus erat
quº homin•s qui•scere solent. Rºmae tamen n–lla erat qui•s,
n–llum silentium.
magnªs in domibus, ubi dªvit•s habit¶bant, c•nae splendidae
cºns–m•bantur. cibus s–mptuºsus ¶ servªs offer•b¶tur; vªnum
optimum ab ancillªs fund•b¶tur; carmina ¶ citharoedªs
perªtissimªs cant¶bantur.
in altªs autem ªnsulªs, n–llae c•nae splendidae
cºns–m•bantur, n–llª citharoedª audi•bantur. ibi pauper•s, fam•
paene cºnfectª, vªtam miserrimam ag•bant. aliª ad patrºnºs
epistul¶s scrªb•bant ut auxilium eºrum peterent, aliª scelera
committere par¶bant.
prope forum magnus strepitus audi•b¶tur. nam arcus
magnificus in Vi¶ Sacr¶ exstru•b¶tur. ing•ns polyspaston arcuª
immin•bat. fabrª, quª arcum exstru•bant, dªligentissim•
labºr¶bant. aliª fig–r¶s in arc– sculp•bant; aliª titulum in
fronte arc–s ªnscrªb•bant; aliª marmor ad summum arcum
toll•bant. omn•s str•nu• labºr¶bant ut arcum ante l–cem
perficerent. nam Imper¶tor Domiti¶nus hunc arcum fr¶trª Titº
postrªdi• d•dic¶re vol•bat. Titum vªvum ºderat; sed Titum
mortuum honºr¶re cupi•bat. Domiti¶nus enim populum
Rºm¶num, quª Titum maxim• dªl•xerat, nunc sibi fav•re
vol•bat.
5
10
15
20
II
praeerat huic operª Quªntus Haterius Latrºni¶nus, red•mptor
nºtissimus. e¶ nocte ipse fabrºs fur•ns incit¶bat. aderat quoque
G¶ius Salvius Lªber¶lis, Hateriª patrºnus, quª eum invicem
incit¶bat ut opus ante l–cem perficeret. anxius enim erat Salvius
quod Imper¶tºrª persu¶serat ut Haterium operª praeficeret. hic
igitur fabrªs, quamquam omnªnº fessª erant, identidem
imper¶vit n• labºre d•sisterent.
Glitus, magister fabrºrum, Haterium l•nªre tempt¶bat.
‘ecce, domine!’ inquit. ‘fabrª iam arcum paene perf•c•runt.
ultimae litterae titulª nunc ªnscrªbuntur; ultimae fig–rae
sculpuntur; ultimae marmoris massae ad summum arcum
tolluntur.’
4 STAGE 29
ser•nº: ser•nus calm, clear
fulg•bant: fulg•re shine
tempus time
Rºmae at Rome
qui•s rest
domibus: domus house, home
carmina: carmen song
altªs: altus high
ªnsulªs: ªnsula block of flats
fam•: fam•s hunger
cºnfectª: cºnfectus worn out,
exhausted
patrºnºs: patrºnus patron
arcus arch
Vi¶ Sacr¶: Via Sacra the Sacred
Way (road running through
the Forum)
polyspaston crane
fabrª: faber craftsman,
workman
fig–r¶s: fig–ra figure, shape
sculp•bant: sculpere carve
titulum: titulus inscription
fronte: frºns front
ªnscrªb•bant: ªnscrªbere write,
inscribe
marmor marble
ante before
l–cem: l–x light, daylight
perficerent: perficere finish
d•dic¶re dedicate
operª: opus work, construction
red•mptor contractor, builder
invicem in turn
5
identidem repeatedly
l•nªre soothe, calm down
10
ultimae: ultimus last
litterae: littera letter
massae: massa block
paulº ante hºram prªmam, fabrª labºre cºnfectª arcum
perf•c•runt. paulªsper urbs sil•bat.
–nus faber tamen, domum per forum redi•ns, subitº trªst•s
f•min¶rum du¶rum cl¶mºr•s audªvit. duae enim captªvae,
magnº dolºre affectae, in carcere cant¶bant:
‘mª Deus! mª Deus! respice m•! qu¶r• m• d•seruistª?’
15
paulªsper for a short time
sil•bat: sil•re be silent
dolºre: dolor grief
affectae: affectus affected,
overcome
respice: respicere look at, look
upon
qu¶r•? why?
‘ecce domine! fabrª iam
arcum paene perf•c•runt.’
STAGE 29 5
Masada
I
ex carcere, ubi captªvª custºdi•bantur, trªst•s cl¶mºr•s
audi•bantur. duae enim f•minae I–daeae, superstit•s eºrum quª
contr¶ Rºm¶nºs rebell¶verant, fort–nam suam l–g•bant. altera
erat anus septu¶gint¶ annºrum, altera m¶trºna trªgint¶ annºs
n¶ta. –n¶ cum eªs in carcere erant quªnque lªberª, quºrum Simºn 5
n¶t– maximus sºl¶cium m¶trª et aviae ferre tempt¶bat.
‘m¶ter, nºlª l–g•re! decºrum est I–daeªs fortit–dinem in r•bus
adversªs praest¶re.’
m¶ter fªlium amplexa,
‘melius erat’, inquit, ‘cum patre vestrº perªre abhinc annºs
10
novem. c–r tum ¶ morte abhorruª? c–r vºs serv¶vª?’
Simºn, hªs verbªs commºtus, m¶trem rog¶vit quº modº
periisset pater atque qu¶r• rem prius nºn n¶rr¶visset. eam ºr¶vit
ut omnia explic¶ret. sed tantus erat dolor m¶tris ut prªmº nihil
dªcere posset. mox, cum s• coll•gisset, ad fªliºs conversa,
15
‘d• morte patris vestrª’, inquit, ‘prius n¶rr¶re nºl•bam n• vºs
quoque perªr•tis, exemplum eius imit¶tª. nunc tamen audeº
vºbªs tºtam rem patefacere quod nºs omn•s cr¶s morit–rª
sumus.
I–daeae: I–daeus Jewish
superstit•s: superstes
survivor
rebell¶verant: rebell¶re rebel,
revolt
l–g•bant: l–g•re lament,
mourn, grieve
altera … altera one … the other
… annºs n¶ta … years old
–n¶ cum together with
n¶t– maximus eldest
aviae: avia grandmother
r•bus adversªs: r•s adversae
misfortune
praest¶re show, display
amplexa: amplexus having
embraced
abhinc ago
abhorruª: abhorr•re shrink
(from)
exemplum example
imit¶tª: imit¶tus having
imitated
cr¶s tomorrow
The rock of Masada, showing the Roman siege ramp built on the west (left) side.
6 STAGE 29
nºs I–daeª contr¶ Rºm¶nºs tr•s annºs rebell¶vimus. annº
qu¶rtº iste Beelzebub, Titus, urbem Ierosolymam expugn¶vit.
numquam ego spect¶culum terribilius vªdª: ubªque aedificia
flammªs cºns–m•bantur; ubªque virª, f•minae, lªberª
occªd•bantur; Templum ipsum ¶ mªlitibus dªripi•b¶tur; tºta
urbs •vert•b¶tur. in ill¶ cl¶de peri•runt multa mªlia I–daeºrum;
sed circiter mªlle superstit•s, duce Eleaz¶rº, r–pem Masadam
occup¶v•runt. t–, Simºn, illº tempore vix quªnque annºs n¶tus
er¶s.
‘r–p•s Masada est alta et praerupta, prope lacum Asphaltªt•n
sita. ibi nºs, m–nªtiºnibus undique d•f•nsª, Rºm¶nªs di–
resist•b¶mus. intere¶ dux hostium, L–cius Fl¶vius Silva, r–pem
castellªs multªs circumv•nit. deinde mªlit•s, iuss– Silvae,
ingentem aggerem usque ad summam r–pem exstr–x•runt.
postr•mº aggerem ascend•runt, magnamque partem
m–nªtiºnum ignª d•l•v•runt. tandem, cum nox appropinqu¶ret,
Silva mªlit•s ad castra red–xit ut proximum diem victºriamque
exspect¶rent.’
20
25
30
35
II
‘ill¶ nocte Eleaz¶rus I–daeªs cºnsilium dªrum prºposuit.
‘“magnº in discrªmine sumus”, inquit. “nºs I–daeª, Deº
cºnfªsª, Rºm¶nªs adh–c resistimus; nunc illª nºs in servit–tem
trahere parant. n–lla sp•s sal–tis nºbªs ostenditur. nºnne melius
5
est perªre quam Rºm¶nªs c•dere? ego ipse mortem me¶ man–
ªnflªctam accipiº, servit–tem spernº.”
‘hªs verbªs Eleaz¶rus tantum ardºrem in I–daeªs excit¶vit ut
ad mortem statim festªn¶rent. virª uxºr•s lªberºsque amplexª
occªd•runt. cum hanc dªram et saevam rem cºnf•cissent, decem
10
eºrum sorte ductª c•terºs interf•c•runt. tum –nus ex illªs, sorte
invicem ductus, postquam novem reliquºs interf•cit, s• ipsum
gladiº tr¶nsfªxit.’
‘quº modº nºs ipsª eff–gimus?’ rog¶vit Simºn.
‘ego Eleaz¶rº p¶r•re nºn potuª’, respondit m¶ter. ‘vºbªscum
15
in locº subterr¶neº lat•bam.’
‘ign¶va!’ cl¶m¶vit Simºn. ‘ego mortem haudqu¶quam timeº.
ego, patris exemplª memor, eandem fortit–dinem praest¶re
volº.’
Beelzebub Beelzebub, devil
Ierosolymam: Ierosolyma
Jerusalem
expugn¶vit: expugn¶re storm,
take by storm
circiter about
duce: dux leader
r–pem: r–p•s rock, crag
praerupta: praeruptus sheer,
steep
lacum Asphaltªt•n: lacus
Asphaltªt•s Lake Asphaltites
(the Dead Sea)
m–nªtiºnibus: m–nªtiº
defence, fortification
undique on all sides
castellªs: castellum fort
iuss– Silvae at Silva’s order
aggerem: agger ramp, mound
usque ad right up to
ignª, abl: ignis fire
discrªmine: discrªmen crisis
cºnfªsª: cºnfªsus having
trusted, having put trust
servit–tem: servit–s slavery
ªnflªctam: ªnflªgere inflict
ardºrem: ardor spirit,
enthusiasm
sorte ductª chosen by lot
reliquºs: reliquus remaining
tr¶nsfªxit: tr¶nsfªgere stab
subterr¶neº: subterr¶neus
underground
haudqu¶quam not at all
memor remembering, mindful of
eandem the same
STAGE 29 7
About the language 1: passive verbs
1
In Book I, you met sentences like these:
puer cl¶mºrem audit.
A boy hears the shout.
ancilla vªnum fund•bat.
A slave-girl was pouring wine.
The words in bold type are active forms of the verb.
2
In Stage 29, you have met sentences like these:
cl¶mor ¶ puerº audªtur.
The shout is heard by a boy.
vªnum ab ancill¶ fund•b¶tur.
Wine was being poured by a slave-girl.
The words in bold type are passive forms of the verb.
3
Compare the following active and passive forms:
present tense
present active
present passive
portat
port¶tur
s/he carries, s/he is carrying
s/he is carried, or s/he is being carried
portant
they carry, they are carrying
portantur
they are carried, or they are being carried
imperfect tense
imperfect active
imperfect passive
port¶bat
port¶b¶tur
s/he was carrying
s/he was being carried
port¶bant
they were carrying
4
port¶bantur
they were being carried
Further examples of the present passive:
a c•na nostra ¶ coquº nunc par¶tur.
b multa scelera in h¶c urbe cotªdi• committuntur.
c laudantur; d–citur; rog¶tur; mittuntur.
Further examples of the imperfect passive:
d candid¶tª ab amªcªs sal–t¶bantur.
e f¶bula ab ¶ctºribus in the¶trº ag•b¶tur.
f audi•bantur; laud¶b¶tur; nec¶bantur; ten•b¶tur.
8 STAGE 29
arcus Titª
I
postrªdi• m¶ne ing•ns Rºm¶nºrum multit–dº ad arcum Titª
undique conveni•bat. di•s f•stus ab omnibus cªvibus
celebr¶b¶tur. Imper¶tor Domiti¶nus eº di• fr¶trª Titº arcum
d•dic¶t–rus erat. iuss– Imper¶tºris pompa magnifica tºtam per
urbem d–c•b¶tur.
multae sellae ¶ servªs prope arcum pºn•bantur. ill–c multª
sen¶tºr•s, sp• favºris Domiti¶nª, conveni•bant. inter eºs Salvius,
togam splendidam ger•ns, locum quaer•bat ubi cºnspicuus
esset. inter equit•s, quª post sen¶tºr•s st¶bant, aderat Haterius
ipse. favºrem Imper¶tºris avid• sp•r¶bat, et in animº volv•bat
quandº ¶ Salviº praemium prºmissum accept–rus esset.
¶ra ing•ns, prº arc– exstr–cta, ¶ servªs flºribus ºrn¶b¶tur.
circum ¶ram st¶bant vªgintª sacerdºt•s. aderant quoque
haruspic•s quª exta victim¶rum ªnspicerent.
intere¶ pompa lent• per Viam Sacram d–c•b¶tur. prªm¶ in
parte inc•d•bant tubicin•s, tub¶s ªnflant•s. post eºs v•n•runt
iuven•s, quª trªgint¶ taurºs corºnªs ºrn¶tºs ad sacrificium
d–c•bant. tum multª servª, quª g¶zam I–daeºrum port¶bant,
prªmam pompae partem claud•bant. huius g¶zae pars
pretiºsissima erat m•nsa sacra, tubae, cand•l¶brum, quae omnia
aurea erant.
septem captªvª I–daeª, quª medi¶ in pomp¶ inc•d•bant, ¶
spect¶tºribus vehementer d•rªd•bantur. quªnque puerª, ser•nº
vult– inc•dent•s, cl¶mºr•s et contum•li¶s negleg•bant, sed duae
f•minae pl–rimªs lacrimªs spect¶tºr•s ºr¶bant ut lªberªs
parcerent.
post captªvºs v•nit Domiti¶nus ipse, curr– magnificº vectus.
post Imper¶tºrem ªbant ambº cºnsul•s, quºrum alter erat L.
Fl¶vius Silva. magistr¶t–s nºbilissimª effigiem Titª in umerªs
port¶bant. ¶ mªlitibus pompa claud•b¶tur.
undique from all sides
5
10
15
20
25
30
d•dic¶t–rus going to dedicate
favºris: favor favour
cºnspicuus conspicuous, easily
seen
equit•s equites (well-to-do men
ranking below senators)
quandº when
accept–rus going to receive
exta entrails
inc•d•bant: inc•dere march,
stride
g¶zam: g¶za treasure
claud•bant: claudere
conclude, complete
vult–: vultus expression, face
curr–: currus chariot
vectus: vehere carry
cºnsul•s: cºnsul consul (senior
magistrate)
magistr¶t–s: magistr¶tus
magistrate (elected official of
Roman government)
STAGE 29 9
II
When you have read this part of the story, answer the questions on
the next page.
ad arcum pompa perv•nit. Domiti¶nus, • curr– •gressus ut
sacrificium faceret, sen¶tºr•s equit•sque sal–t¶vit. tum oculºs in
arcum ipsum convertit. admªr¶tiºne affectus, Imper¶tor Salvium
ad s• arcessªtum vald• laud¶vit. eª imper¶vit ut Hateriº gr¶ti¶s
ageret. inde ad ¶ram prºgressus, cultrum c•pit quº victimam
sacrific¶ret. servus eª iugulum taurª obtulit. deinde Domiti¶nus
victimam sacrific¶vit, haec loc–tus:
‘tibi, dªve Tite, haec victima nunc sacrific¶tur; tibi hic arcus
d•dic¶tur; tibi gr¶tiae maximae ¶ populº Rºm¶nº aguntur.’
subitº, dum Rºm¶nª oculºs in sacrificium intent• d•fªgunt,
Simºn occ¶siºnem nactus prºsiluit. mediºs in sacerdºt•s irr–pit;
cultrum rapuit. omn•s spect¶tºr•s immºtª st¶bant, aud¶ci¶ eius
attonitª. Domiti¶nus, pavºre commºtus, pedem rettulit. nºn
Imper¶tºrem tamen Simºn petªvit. cultrum in man– ten•ns
cl¶m¶vit,
‘nºs, quª superstit•s I–daeºrum rebellantium sumus,
Rºm¶nªs servªre nºlumus. mortem obªre m¶lumus.’
haec loc–tus, facinus dªrum commªsit. m¶trem et aviam
amplexus cultrº statim occªdit. tum fr¶tr•s, haudqu¶quam
resistent•s, eºdem modº interf•cit. postr•mº magn¶ vºce
populum Rºm¶num d•test¶tus s• ipsum cultrº tr¶nsfªxit.
5
admªr¶tiºne: admªr¶tiº
admiration
inde then
cultrum: culter knife
dªve: dªvus god
10
15
20
dum while
d•fªgunt: d•fªgere fix
occ¶siºnem: occ¶siº
opportunity
nactus having seized
prºsiluit: prºsilªre leap
forward, jump
pavºre: pavor panic
pedem rettulit: pedem referre
step back
servªre serve (as a slave)
m¶lumus: m¶lle prefer
eºdem modº in the same way
d•test¶tus having cursed
Carving on the arch of Titus, showing the treasures of the Temple at Jerusalem carried in triumph through the
streets of Rome.
10 STAGE 29
Questions
Marks
1 What was Domitian’s purpose when he left his chariot (lines 1–2)?
1
2 What did he do next (line 2)?
1
3 admªr¶tiºne (line 3). What caused this feeling? What did it prompt
the emperor to do?
1+2
4 What order did the emperor give to Salvius?
1
5 Why do you think the emperor did not wish to meet Haterius personally?
1
6 inde … obtulit (lines 5–6). Describe how the victim was to be sacrificed.
1
7 To whom were the emperor’s words addressed (lines 8–9)?
1
8 What three points did he make in his speech (lines 8–9)?
3
9 subitº … prºsiluit (lines 10–11). Why did Simon’s action at first pass unnoticed? 1
10 mediºs in sacerdºt•s irr–pit (line 11). Why did he do this?
1
11 Write down the Latin phrase that explains the reaction of the spectators
(lines 12–13).
1
12 Why do you think Domitian was pavºre commºtus (line 13)?
1
13 m¶trem … interf•cit (lines 18–20). Describe Simon’s actions.
3
14 Describe Simon’s death (lines 20–1).
2
15 Look back at lines 16–21. In what ways did Simon’s words and actions copy
those of Eleazarus at Masada (Masada II, lines 2–12)?
2+2
____
TOTAL 25
STAGE 29 11
About the language 2: more about purpose clauses
1
In Stage 26, you met purpose clauses used with ut:
senex ªnsidi¶s par¶vit ut f–r•s caperet.
The old man set a trap in order that he might catch the thieves.
Or, in more natural English:
The old man set a trap to catch the thieves.
2
In Stage 29, you have met purpose clauses used with the relative pronoun quª:
f•mina servum mªsit quª cibum emeret.
The woman sent a slave who was to buy food.
Or, in more natural English:
The woman sent a slave to buy food.
You have also met purpose clauses used with ubi:
locum quaer•b¶mus ubi st¶r•mus.
We were looking for a place where we might stand.
Or, in more natural English:
We were looking for a place to stand.
3
Further examples:
a
b
c
d
e
f
sacerdºs haruspicem arcessªvit quª victimam ªnspiceret.
lªbertus dºnum quaer•bat quod patrºnum d•lect¶ret.
Haterius quªnque fabrºs •l•git quª fig–r¶s in arc– sculperent.
domum emere vol•bam ubi fªlius meus habit¶ret.
sen¶tor gemmam pretiºsam •mit quam uxºrª daret.
f•minae lªberªque locum inv•n•runt ubi lat•rent.
The Emperor Titus was enormously
popular but reigned only three years.
12 STAGE 29
Word patterns: compound verbs 1
1
Study the following verbs and their translations:
currere
to run
d•currere
to run down
excurrere
to run out
recurrere
to run back
iacere
to throw
d•icere
to throw down
•icere
to throw out
reicere
to throw back
2
Verbs may have their meaning extended by placing d•, ex or re at the
beginning of the word. Such verbs are known as compound verbs.
3
Using the pattern above, complete the following table:
4
trahere
to pull, drag
d•trahere
...........
extrahere
...........
retrahere
...........
cadere
to fall
d•cidere
...........
excidere
...........
recidere
...........
mittere
to send
...........
...........
•mittere
...........
...........
...........
Complete the following sentences with the correct compound verb. Then
translate the sentences.
d•pºnerent
•d–c•bantur
rev•n•runt
a fabrª, postquam domum . . . . . . . . . ., di– dormªv•runt.
b l•g¶tus hostibus imper¶vit ut arma . . . . . . . . . . .
c mªlit•s • castrªs . . . . . . . . . . ut r–pem Masadam oppugn¶rent.
5
Explain the connection between the following Latin verbs and the English
verbs derived from them.
d•pºnere
d•spicere
depose
despise
•rumpere
•icere
erupt
eject
retin•re
referre
retain
refer
STAGE 29 13
Practising the language
1
Complete each sentence with the right form of the imperfect subjunctive, using the
verb in brackets. Then translate the sentence.
For example: Domiti¶nus ad ¶ram prºcessit ut victimam . . . . . . . . . . . (sacrific¶re)
Answer:
Domiti¶nus ad ¶ram prºcessit ut victimam sacrific¶ret.
Domitian advanced to the altar in order to sacrifice the victim.
The forms of the imperfect subjunctive are given on p. 128.
a
b
c
d
e
f
2
equit•s ªnsidi¶s par¶v•runt ut ducem hostium . . . . . . . . . . . (capere)
ad forum contend•b¶mus ut pompam . . . . . . . . . . . (spect¶re)
barbarª fac•s in manibus ten•bant ut templum . . . . . . . . . . . (incendere)
extr¶ carcerem st¶bam ut captªvºs . . . . . . . . . . . (custºdªre)
Haterª, quam str•nu• labºr¶vistª ut arcum . . . . . . . . . .! (perficere)
r–pem Masadam occup¶vimus ut Rºm¶nªs . . . . . . . . . . . (resistere)
Complete each sentence with the most suitable participle from the lists below,
using the correct form. Then translate the sentence. Do not use any participle more
than once.
d–c•ns
d–centem
d–cent•s
a
b
c
d
e
3
labºr¶ns
labºrantem
labºrant•s
sed•ns
sedentem
sedent•s
inc•d•ns
inc•dentem
inc•dent•s
cl¶m¶ns
cl¶mantem
cl¶mant•s
videº Salvium prope arcum . . . . . . . . . . .
fabrª, in Vi¶ Sacr¶ . . . . . . . . . ., vald• fessª erant.
nºnne audªs puerºs . . . . . . . . . .?
iuvenis, victimam . . . . . . . . . ., ¶rae appropinqu¶vit.
spect¶tºr•s captªvºs, per vi¶s . . . . . . . . . ., d•rªd•bant.
Translate each English sentence into Latin by selecting correctly from the list of
Latin words.
a
The citizens, having been delighted by the show, applauded.
cªvis
spect¶culum d•lect¶tª
plaudunt
cªv•s
spect¶culº
d•lect¶tus
plaus•runt
b I recognised the slave-girl who was pouring the wine.
ancilla
quª
vªnum
fund•bat
ancillam
quae
vªnº
fund•bant
c
14 STAGE 29
Having returned to the bank of the river, the soldiers halted.
ad rªpam fl–mine
regressª
mªlit•s
ad rªp¶s
fl–minis
regressºs
mªlitum
agnºvª
agnºvit
cºnstit•runt
cºnstiterant
d The woman, sitting in prison, told a sad story.
f•mina
in carcerem
sed•ns
f¶bulam
f•minae in carcere
sedentem
f¶bulae
e
We saw the altar, decorated with flowers.
¶ram
flºrª
ºrn¶ta
¶r¶s
flºribus
ºrn¶tam
f
They killed the sleeping prisoners with swords.
captªvª
dormientem gladiºs
occªd•runt
captªvºs dormient•s
gladiªs
occªdit
trªstis
trªstem
n¶rrat
n¶rr¶vit
vªdª
vªdimus
The arch of Titus, looking
towards the Forum.
STAGE 29 15