ENPH 259 Group AcCviCes for Oct 22 2015 Please complete these exercises on your OWN piece of paper. If you have quesCons talk with your group mates or raise your hand and Emily or David will come to help We are now going to study digital (as opposed to analog) electronics. Analog: signal represented by a range (conCnuum) of values Digital: signals represented by a binary system (Hi and LO or 1 and 0) 1.  In your own words state at least FOUR advantages (with context) that digital electronics has over analog electronics Bonus: State (in your own words) some situaCons where analog is preferred over digital. ENPH 259 Group AcCviCes for Oct 22 2015 Please complete these exercises on your OWN piece of paper. If you have quesCons talk with your group mates or raise your hand and Emily or David will come to help We are now going to study digital (as opposed to analog) electronics. Analog: signal represented by a range (conCnuum) of values Digital: signals represented by a binary system (Hi and LO or 1 and 0) 1.  In your own words state at least THREE advantages (with context) that digital electronics has over analog electronics 1-interface with microprocessors and FPGAs for realtime data analysis
2-Digital state has a much high immunity to noise (encoding of audio, telecom, etc)
3-Can make event counters (not possible with purely analog)
Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for 6.002 Circuits and Electronics, Spring 2007. MIT OpenCourseWare(http://ocw.mit.edu/), MIT.
ENPH 259 Group AcCviCes for Oct 22 2015 Please complete these exercises on your OWN piece of paper. If you have quesCons talk with your group mates or raise your hand and Emily or David will come to help Just as you agreed to a lumped element (or abstracCon) of resistor We can do the same for a logic gate. Here is the symbol for an invertor But we are ENPH…so we are interested in what is inside… ENPH 259 Group AcCviCes for Oct 22 2015 Please complete these exercises on your OWN piece of paper. If you have quesCons talk with your group mates or raise your hand and Emily or David will come to help Clearly we need a switch…an electrically controlled switch Where 1 -­‐> Vs and 0 -­‐> GND What could that switch be? Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for 6.002 Circuits and
Electronics, Spring 2007. MIT OpenCourseWare(http://ocw.mit.edu/),
Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
ENPH 259 Group AcCviCes for Oct 22 2015 Please complete these exercises on your OWN piece of paper. If you have quesCons talk with your group mates or raise your hand and Emily or David will come to help •  When A is low (O V) MOSFET is off, no current flows and Vout=VS= 5 V (or HI) Our friend the MOSFET: •  When A is HI (5 V) MOSFET is on, current flows and Vout=VS= 0 V (or LO) Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for 6.002 Circuits and
Electronics, Spring 2007. MIT OpenCourseWare(http://ocw.mit.edu/),
Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
ENPH 259 Group AcCviCes for Oct 22 2015 Please complete these exercises on your OWN piece of paper. If you have quesCons talk with your group mates or raise your hand and Emily or David will come to help 2.  Build a NOR gate using two MOSFETS NOR HINT: you can think of designing logic gates with the electrical analogy. For example an OR gate: OR Light (output) is on if either input (or switch) is on. ENPH 259 Group AcCviCes for Oct 22 2015 Please complete these exercises on your OWN piece of paper. If you have quesCons talk with your group mates or raise your hand and Emily or David will come to help 2.  Build a NOR gate using two MOSFETS NOR NOT NOR OR AND NAND XOR ENPH 259 Group AcCviCes for Oct 23 2014 Please complete these exercises on your OWN piece of paper. If you have quesCons talk with your group mates or raise your hand and Emily or David will come to help The NOR gate is known as a universal gate, meaning the rest of the logic gates (NOT NOR,XOR,AND, and NAND) can be built only from a combinaCon of NOR gates. For example to build a NOT gate out of a NOR gate: 3.  Find the configuraCons of NOR gate(s) that produce OR,AND, NAND, and XOR (do XOR last as it is the hardest) BONUS: Repeat 3 using NAND gates (as they are also universal gates) ENPH 259 Group AcCviCes for Oct 23 2014 Please complete these exercises on your OWN piece of paper. If you have quesCons talk with your group mates or raise your hand and Emily or David will come to help OR Gate ENPH 259 Group AcCviCes for Oct 23 2014 Please complete these exercises on your OWN piece of paper. If you have quesCons talk with your group mates or raise your hand and Emily or David will come to help AND Gate ENPH 259 Group AcCviCes for Oct 23 2014 Please complete these exercises on your OWN piece of paper. If you have quesCons talk with your group mates or raise your hand and Emily or David will come to help NAND Gate ENPH 259 Group AcCviCes for Oct 23 2014 Please complete these exercises on your OWN piece of paper. If you have quesCons talk with your group mates or raise your hand and Emily or David will come to help XOR Gate