Kevin D. Belfield
University of Central Florida
Department of Chemistry
P.O. Box 162366, Orlando, FL 32816-2366
phone: (407) 823-1028
e-mail: belfield@mail.ucf.edu
http://chemistry.cos.ucf.edu/faculty_belfield.php
http://belfield.cos.ucf.edu/
Kevin D. Belfield received the B.S. in Chemistry in 1982 from Rochester Institute of
Technology and the Ph.D. in Chemistry from Syracuse University in 1988, where he studied the
kinetics and mechanism of thermal rearrangements of organic molecules. After conducting
research in polymer stabilization and degradation at Ciba-Geigy, he worked in the area of
synthesis and characterization of functionalized polymers at State University of New York
College of Environmental Science and Forestry. He then pursued postdoctoral research in
mechanistic organic chemistry at Harvard University, utilizing photochemical reactions and
determining radical stabilization energies of polyenyl radicals through spectroscopically aided
kinetic studies. He joined the faculty of the Chemistry Department at the University of Detroit
Mercy in 1992, where he received funding from Ford Motor Co. for new materials for
stereolithography and from NSF. He moved to the University of Central Florida’s Department
of Chemistry in 1998 to establish a program in functional polymer chemistry and organic
photonic materials. He was appointed Chair of the Chemistry Department in November 2004,
and holds joint appointments in the College of Optics and Photonics, the Biomolecular Science
Center, and the Department of Mechanical, Materials, and Aerospace Engineering. His research
interests are in the area of multiphoton absorbing materials, two-photon photochemistry,
magnetic polymeric and sol-gel nanocomposites, site-specific fluorophore labeling, fluorescentbased sensors and bioimaging probes, photodynamic therapy agents, nanostructured functional
organic and polymeric materials, and two-photon based 3D microfabrication and high density
optical data storage.
Appointments:
2004 - present:UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL FLORIDA, Orlando, FL
Professor and Chair, Department of Chemistry
2003 - present:UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL FLORIDA, Orlando, FL
Professor of Chemistry
1998 - 2003: UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL FLORIDA, Orlando, FL
Associate Professor of Chemistry, tenured
1992 - 1998: UNIVERSITY OF DETROIT MERCY, Detroit, MI
Assistant/Associate Professor of Chemistry, tenured in 1996
1990-1992:
HARVARD UNIVERSITY, Cambridge, MA
Department of Chemistry, Postdoctoral Research Fellow
2
1989-1990
STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK, Syracuse, NY
COLLEGE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & FORESTRY
Department of Chemistry & Polymer Research Institute
Postdoctoral Research Associate
1988-1989
CIBA-GEIGY CORPORATION, Ardsley, NY
Polymer Additives Division, Senior Research Scientist
Education:
1983-1988
SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY, Syracuse, NY
Ph.D. Chemistry
1978-1982
ROCHESTER INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, Rochester, NY
B.S. Chemistry
Awards:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
2009 Rochester Institute of Technology College of Science Distinguished Alumni Award
2009 Chair, American Chemical Society Orlando Section
2003 University of Central Florida Excellence in Graduate Teaching Award
2003 UCF College of Arts & Sciences Excellence in Graduate Teaching Award
2002 American Chemical Society Orlando Section Outstanding Chemist Award
2002 Distinguished Researcher Award, University of Central Florida
1999 - 2002 Cottrell College Science Award
2000-06 Who’s Who Among America’s Teachers
1997, 1998 Air Force Office of Scientific Research Faculty Fellowship
1994, 1997 University of Detroit Mercy Science Teacher of the Year
1996, 1997 University of Detroit Mercy Outstanding Moderator of the Year
1997 American Chemical Society Outstanding Award - ACS Student Affiliate
1995, 1996 American Chemical Society Commendable Award - ACS Student Affiliate
Professional Organization Memberships: American Chemical Society, Optical Society of
America, International Society for Optical Engineering (SPIE), RadTech, Council for Chemical
Research, American Association for the Advancement of Science.
Editorial Boards: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, Journal of Fluorescence, International
Journal of Molecular Sciences, and special issues of Polymers for Advanced Technologies and
Materials.
Overview of Research Funding:
National Science Foundation, National Institutes of Health, The Petroleum Research Fund of the
American Chemical Society, National Research Council, U.S. Civilian Research and
Development Foundation, U.S. Army, U.S. Air Force, Defense Advanced Research Projects
Agency, Research Corporation, and a number of companies.
3
U.S. Patents and Applications:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Stabilized Luminescent Polymer Composites, inventors: Kevin D. Belfield, Michael
Bass, US 6,844,387, Jan. 18, 2005.
Photosensitive Polymeric Material for WORM Optical Data Storage with TwoPhoton Fluorescent Readout, inventor: Kevin D. Belfield, US 7,001,708, Feb. 21,
2006; US 7,291,442, Nov. 6, 2007; US 7,598,018, Oct. 6, 2009; US 7,611,823, Nov.
3, 2009.
Reactive Probes for Multiphoton Fluorescence Imaging, inventors: Kevin D. Belfield,
Katherine J. Schafer, US 7,253,287, Aug. 7, 2007.
Two-Photon Ternary Optical Data Storage, inventor: Kevin D. Belfield, US
7,608,384, Oct. 27, 2009.
FRET-Based Two-Photon Three Dimensional Optical Data Storage, patent pending,
inventor: Kevin D. Belfield, 2006.
Microwave-assisted formation of sulfonium photoacid generators, U. S. Utility Patent
Application Serial No. 12/422,724 filed April 13, 2009, patent pending, inventors:
Kevin D. Belfield and Ciceron O. Yanez, 2008.
Research Publications (*indicates/precedes corresponding author):
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
*Belfield, K. D.; Andrade, C. D.; Yanez, C. O.; Bondar, M. V.; Hernandez, F. E.;
Przhonska, O. V. “New Two-Photon Absorbing Probe with Efficient Superfluorescent
Properties” Journal of Physical Chemistry B 2010, 114, in press.
Wang, X.; Nguyen, D. M.; Yanez, C. O.; Rodriguez, L.; Ahn, H.-Y.; Bondar, M. V.;
*Belfield, K. D. “High Fidelity Hydrophilic Probe for Two-photon Fluorescence
Lysosomal Imaging” Journal of the American Chemical Society 2010, 132, 12237-12239.
Wang, X.; Yao, S.; Ahn, H.-Y.; Zhang, Y.; Bondar, M. V.; Torres, J. A.; *Belfield, K. D.
“Folate Receptor Targeting Silica Nanoparticle Probe for Two-photon Fluorescence
Bioimaging” Biomedical Optics Express 2010, 1, 453-462.
*Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Frazer, A.; Morales, A. R.; Kachkovsky, O. D.;
Mikhailov, I. A.; Masunov, A. E.; Przhonska, O. V. “Fluorene-based Metal Ion Sensing
Probe with High Sensitivity to Zn2+ and Efficient Two-photon Absorption” Journal of
Physical Chemistry B 2010, 114, 9313-9321.
Yao, S.; Ahn, H.-Y.; Wang, X.; Fu, J.; Van Stryland, E. W.; Hagan, D. J.; *Belfield, K. D.
“Donor-Acceptor-Donor Fluorene Derivatives for Two-Photon Fluorescence Lysosomal
Imaging” Journal of Organic Chemistry 2010, 75, 3965-3974 (feature article). DOI:
10.1021/jo100554j
Andrade, C. D.; Yanez, C. O.; Rodriguez, L.; *Belfield, K. D. “A Series of Fluorene-based
Two-photon Absorbing Molecules: Synthesis, Linear and Nonlinear Characterization, and
Bioimaging” Journal of Organic Chemistry 2010, 75, 3975-3982. DOI: 10.1021/jo1005075
Nguyen, D. M.; Frazer, A., Rodriguez, L.; *Belfield, K. D. “Selective fluorescence sensing
of zinc and mercury ions with hydrophilic 1,2,3-triazolyl fluorene probes” Chemistry of
Materials 2010, 22, 3472-3481. DOI: 10.1021/cm100599g
Morales, A. R.; Luchita, G.; Yanez, C. O.; Bondar, M. V.; Przhonska, O. V.; *Belfield, K.
D. “Linear and Nonlinear Photophysics and Bioimaging of an Integrin-targeting Water-
4
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
soluble Fluorenyl Probe” Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry 2010, 8, 2600-2608. DOI:
10.1039/paperno
Qaddoura, M. A.; *Belfield, K. D. “Probing the Texture of the Calamitic Liquid Crystalline
Dimer of 4-(4-Pentenyloxy)benzoic Acid” Materials 2010, 3, 827-840.
Kumi, G.; Yanez, C. O.; Belfield, K. D.; *Fourkas, J. T. “High-speed multiphoton
absorption polymerization: Fabrication of microfluidic channels with arbitrary crosssections and high aspect ratios” Lab on a Chip 2010, 10, 1057-1060.
DOI:10.1039/B923377F
Passier, R.; Ritchie, J.; Toro, C.; Diaz, C.; Masunov, A. E.; Belfield, K. D.; *Hernandez, F.
E. “Thermally Controlled Preferential Molecular Aggregation State in a Thiacarbocyanine
Dye” Journal of Chemical Physics 2010, in press.
Yanez, C. O.; Andrade, C. D.; Yao, S.; Luchita, G.; Bondar, M. V.; *Belfield, K. D.;
“Photosensitive Polymeric Materials for Two-Photon 3D WORM Optical Data Storage and
Microfabrication” In Organic Thin Films for Photonics Applications, Herman, W. N.;
Flom, S. R.; Foulger, S. H., Eds.; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 2010,
ACS Symposium Series vol. 1039, Ch. 8, pp. 111-127. DOI: 10.1021/bk-2010-1039.ch008
Biswas, S.; *Belfield, K. D.; Das, R. K.; Ghosh, S.; Hebard, A. F. “Block Copolymermediated Formation of Superparamagnetic Nanocomposites” Chemistry of Materials 2009,
21, 5644-5653.
Yanez, C. O.; Andrade, C. D.; Yao, S.; Luchita, G.; Bondar, M. V.; *Belfield, K. D.
“Photosensitive Polymeric Materials for Two-Photon 3D Optical Data Storage Systems”
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2009, 1, 2219-2229.
Morales, A. R.; Yanez, C. O.; Schafer-Hales, K. J.; Marcus, A. I.; *Belfield, K. D.
“Biomolecule Labeling and Imaging with a New Fluorenyl Two-Photon Fluorescent
Probe” Bioconjugate Chemistry 2009, 20, 1992-2000.
*Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Yanez, C. O.; Hernandez, F. E.; Przhonska, O. V. “Oneand Two-photon Stimulated Emission Depletion of a Sulfonyl-containing Fluorene
Derivative” Journal of Physical Chemistry B 2009, 113, 7101-7106.
http://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/jp902060m
Morales, A. M.; Schafer-Hales, K. J.; Yanez, C. O.; Bondar, M. V.; Przhonska, O. V.;
Markus, A. I.; *Belfield, K. D. “Excited State Intramolecular Proton Transfer and
Photophysics of a New Fluorenyl Two-Photon Fluorescent Probe” ChemPhysChem 2009,
10, 2073-2081. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cphc.200900032
*Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Yanez, C. O.; Hernandez, F. E.; Przhonska, O. V. Twophoton Absorption and Lasing Properties of New Fluorene Derivatives” Journal of
Materials Chemistry 2009, 19, 7498-7502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b820950b
*Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Hernandez, F. E.; Masunov, A. E.; Mikhailov, I. A.;
Morales, A. R.; Przhonska, O. V.; Yao, S. “Two-photon Absorption Properties of New
Fluorene-based Singlet Oxygen Photosensitizers” Journal of Physical Chemistry C 2009,
113, 4706-4711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp8102832
Yanez C. O.; Andrade, C. D.; *Belfield, K. D. “Characterization of Novel Sulfonium
Photoacid Generators and their Microwave-assisted Synthesis” Chemical Communications
2009, 827-829. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b815831b
Rodriguez, L.; Ahn, H.-Y.; *Belfield, K. D. “Femtosecond Two-photon Absorption
Measurements Based on the Accumulative Photo-thermal Effect and the Rayleigh
Interferometer” Optics Express 2009, 17, 19617-19628.
5
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
Qaddoura M. A.; *Belfield, K. D. “Synthesis, Characterization and Texture Observations
of Calamitic Liquid Crystalline Compounds” International Journal of Molecular Sciences
2009, 10, 4772-4788. doi:10.3390/ijms10114772
Mikhailov, I. M.; Bondar, M. V.; Belfield, K. D.; *Masunov, A. E. “Electronic Properties
of a New Two-photon Absorbing Fluorene Derivative: The Role of DFT Functionals in
Quantum-chemical Design of Improved Nonlinear Chromophore” Journal of Physical
Chemistry C 2009, 113, 20719-20724.
Patel, P. D.; Mikhailov, I. M.; Belfield, K. D.; *Masunov, A. E. “Theoretical Study of
Photochromic Compounds: 2. Thermal Mechanism for Byproduct Formation and FatigueResistance of Diarylethenes used as Data Storage Materials” International Journal of
Quantum Chemistry 2009, 109, 3711-3722.
Toro C.; De Boni, L.; Yao, S.; Ritchie, J. P.; Masunov, A. E.; Belfield, K. D.; *Hernandez,
F. E. “Linear and Nonlinear Optical Characterizations of a Monomeric Symmetric
Squaraine-based Dye in Solution” Journal of Chemical Physics 2009, 130, 214504-1214504-6.
Mikhailov, I.; Belfield, K. D.; *Masunov, A. E. “DFT-Based Methods in the Design of
Two-Photon Operated Molecular Switches” Journal of Physical Chemistry A 2009, 113,
7080-7089.
*Bondar, M. V. Przhonska, O. V. Yanez, C. O. Belfield, K. D. “New Fluorene Molecules
with Efficient Two-photon Absorption for Multidisciplinary Nonlinear Optical
Applications” Ukranian Journal of Physics 2009, 54, 14-21.
Mikhailov, I. A.; Tafur, S.; Belfield, K. D.; *Masunov, A. E. “Predictions of Two Photon
Absorption profiles using Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory combined with SOS
and CEO formalisms” In Computational Science – ICCS 2009, Part II, Lecture Notes in
Computational Science (LNCS); Seidel, E.; Allen, G.; Nabrzyski, J.; van Albada, D.;
Dongarra, J.; Sloot, P., Eds.; Springer: 2009; pp 179-188.
Morales, A. R.; Schafer-Hales, K. J., Marcus, A. I.; *Belfield, K. D. “Amine Reactive
Fluorene Probes: Synthesis, Optical Characterization, Bioconjugation, and Two-Photon
Fluorescence
Imaging”
Bioconjugate
Chemistry
2008,
19,
2559-2567.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bc800415t
*Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Hernandez, F. E.; Przhonska, O. V. “Photophysical
Characterization, Two-Photon Absorption and Optical Power Limiting of Two
Fluorenylperylene Diimides” Journal of Physical Chemistry C 2008, 112, 5618-5622.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp711950z
Toro C.; De Boni, L.; Yao, S.; Belfield, K. D.; *Hernandez, F. E. “Photophysical
Characterization of a Highly Conjugated Bipyridyl-based Dye Synthesized by a Unique
Two-step Approach” Journal of Physical Chemistry B 2008, 112, 12185-12190.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp804975a
*Belfield, K. D.; Yao, S.; Bondar, M. V. “Organic Multiphoton Absorbing Materials and
Devices” in Introduction to Organic Electronic and Optoelectronic Materials and Devices;
Sun, S.-S; Dalton, L. R., Eds.; CRC Press, Taylor and Francis: New York, 2008, Ch 18, pp.
573-606.
*Belfield, K. D.; Yao, S.; Bondar, M. V. “Two-photon Absorbing Photonic Materials:
From Fundamentals to Applications” in Photoresponsive Polymers I, Advances in Polymer
Science 2008, 213, 97-156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/12_2007_126
6
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
Balu, M.; Padhila, M. A.; Hagan, D. J.; *Van Stryland, E. W.; Yao, S.; Belfield, K. D.;
Zheng, S. J.; Barlow, S.; Marder, S. “Broadband Z-scan characterization using a highspectral-irradiance, high-quality supercontinuum” Journal of the Optical Society of
America B – Optical Physics 2008, 25, 159-165.
Patel, P. D.; Mikhailov, I. M.; Belfield, K. D.; *Masunov, A. E. In Prediction of Thermal
Cycloreversion and Fatigue-resistance in Photochromic Compounds: A Density Functional
Theory Study 17th Conference on Current Trends in Computational Chemistry (CCTCC).
2008; pp 145-149.
*Belfield, K. D.; Yanez, C. O.; Andrade, C. D.; Yao, S. “New Photosensitive Polymeric
Materials for Two-Photon 3D WORM Optical Data Storage” Polym. Preprints 2008, 49(2),
980-981.
*Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Hernandez, F. E.; Przhonska, O. V.; Yao, S. “Two-Photon
Absorption Cross Section Determination for Fluorene Derivatives: Analysis of the
Methodology and Elucidation of the Origin of the Absorption Processes” Journal of
Physical Chemistry B 2007, 111, 12723-12729. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp074456f
Yao, S.; Schafer-Hales, K. J.; *Belfield, K. D. “A New Water-Soluble Near-Neutral
Ratiometric Fluorescent pH Indicator” Organic Letters 2007, 9, 5645-5648.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ol7026366
Corredor, C. C.; Huang, Z.-L.; *Belfield, K. D.; Morales, A. R.; Bondar, M. V.
“Photochromic Polymer Composites for Two-Photon 3D Optical Data Storage” Chemistry
of Materials 2007, 19, 5165-5173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm071336b
Cohanoschi, I.; Yao, S.; Belfield, K. D.; *Hernandez, F. E. “Effect of the concentration of
organic dyes on their surface plasmon enhanced two-photon absorption cross section using
activated Au nanoparticles” Journal of Applied Physics 2007, 101, 086112-1-086112-3.
*Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Kachkovsky, O. D.; Przhonska, O. V.; Yao, S. “Solvent
effect on the steady-state fluorescence anisotropy of two-photon absorbing fluorene
derivatives”
Journal
of
Luminescence
2007,
126
(1),
14-20.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jlumin.2006.04.012
Andrasik, S. J.; *Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Hernandez, F. E.; Morales, A. R.;
Przhonska, O. V.; Yao, S. “One- and Two-Photon Singlet Oxygen Generation with New
Fluorene-based
Photosensitizers“
ChemPhysChem
2007,
8,
399-404.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cphc.200600568
*Belfield, K. D.; Yanez, C. O.; Huang, Z.-L. “A Novel Two-Photon Absorbing PAG and
its Application in 3-D Microfabrication” RadTech Report 2007, 21(5), 42-47.
*Belfield, K. D.; Zhang, L. “Norbornene Functionalized Diblock Copolymers via Ring
Opening Metathesis Polymerization for Magnetic Nanoparticle Stabilization” Chemistry of
Materials 2006, 18, 5929-5936. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm062004u
*Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Corredor, C. C.; Hernandez, F. E.; Przhonska, O. V.; Yao,
S. “Two-photon photochromism of a diarylethene derivative enhanced by Förster’s
resonance energy transfer from two-photon absorbing fluorenes” ChemPhysChem 2006, 7,
2514-2519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cphc.200600553
*Hernandez, F. E.; Cohanoschi, I.; Garcia, M.; Toro, C.; Belfield, K. D. “Three-Photon
Absorption of a New Series of Halogenated Fluorene Derivatives” Chemical Physics
Letters 2006, 430, 133-138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2006.08.093
Corredor, C. C.; Huang, Z.-L.; *Belfield, K. D. “Two-Photon 3-D Optical Data Storage via
Fluorescence Modulation of an Efficient Fluorene Dye by a Photochromic Diarylethene”
7
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
Advanced Materials 2006, 18, 2910-2914. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.200600826
Highlighted in Nature Photonics 1, 8-9 (2006) http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2006.65
Morales, A. M.; *Belfield, K. D.; Hales, J. M.; Van Stryland, E. W.; Hagan, D. J.
“Synthesis of Two-Photon Absorbing Unsymmetrical Fluorenyl-Based Chromophores”
Chemistry of Materials 2006, 18, 4972-4980. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm061406z
Corredor, C. C.; *Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Przhonska, O. V.; Hernandez, F. E.;
Kachkovsky, O. D. “One and Two-Photon Photochromism of 3,4-Bis-(2,4,5-trimethylthiophen-3-yl)furan-2,5-dione” Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry
2006, 184, 177-183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2006.04.012
Corredor, C. C.; *Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Przhonska, O. V.; Yao, S. “One- and
Two-Photon Photochemical Stability of Linear and Branched Fluorene Derivatives”
Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry 2006, 184, 105-112.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2006.03.036
Yao, S.; Schafer-Hales, K. J.; Cohanoschi, I.; *Hernandez, F. E.; Belfield, K. D. “A Water
Soluble Diaminostilbene Derivative as Two-Photon Fluorescent Probe” Synlett 2006, 12,
1863-1866. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-948165
Fu, J.; Przhonska. O. V.; Padilha, L. A.; Hagan, D. J.; *Van Stryland, E. W.; Belfield, K.
D.; Bondar, M. V.; Slominsky, Y. L.; Kachkovski, A. D. “Two-photon anisotropy:
Analytical description and molecular modeling for symmetrical and asymmetrical organic
dyes”
Chemical
Physics
2006,
321,
257268.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemphys.2005.08.021
*Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Hernandez, F. E.; Przhonska, O. V; Yao, S. “Two-photon
absorption of a supramolecular psuedoisocyanine J-aggregate assembly” Chemical Physics
2006, 320, 118-124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemphys.2005.07.003
*Belfield, K. D. ; Corredor, C. C.; Morales, A. R. ; Dessources, M. A. ; Hernandez, F. E.
“Synthesis and Characterization of New Fluorene-based Singlet Oxygen Sensitizers”
Journal of Fluorescence 2006, 16, 105-110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10895-005-0008-1
*Belfield, K.D.; Bondar, M. V.; Przhonska, O. V. “Singlet oxygen quantum yield
determination for a fluorene-based two-photon photosensitizer” Journal of Fluorescence
2006, 16, 111-117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10895-005-0001-8
Cohanoschi, I.; Belfield, K. D.; Toro, C.; *Hernandez, F. E. “Solvent effects on the threephoton absorption cross-section of a highly conjugated fluorene derivative” Journal of
Chemical Physics 2006, 125, 161102-1 – 161102-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2370750
Cohanoschi, I.; Belfield, K. D.; Toro, C.; Yao, S.; *Hernandez, F. E. “The impact of the electron conjugation length on the three-photon absorption cross section of fluorene
derivatives” Journal of Chemical Physics 2006, 124, 194707-1 – 194707-5.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2202322
Corredor, C. C.; Huang, Z.-L.; *Belfield, K. D. "Two-photon FRET-based 3D optical data
storage in a composite polymer containing a photochromic diarylethene and a fluorene
dye" Proc. SPIE - Int. Soc. Opt. Eng., 2006, 6330, 63300A.
Givishi, R.; Padilha, L. A.; Fu, J.; Hagan. D. J.; *Van Stryland, E. W.; Yao, S.; Belfield, K.
D. "Nonlinear absorption and refraction process of fluorene-based molecules via
picosecond and femtosecond measurements" Proc. SPIE - Int. Soc. Opt. Eng., 2006, 6192,
61923C.
*Belfield, K. D.; Morales, A. R.; Schafer-Hales, K. J.; Yao, S. “Fluorene-based Fluorescent
Probes for Two-Photon Imaging Applications” Polym. Preprints 2006, 47(2), 1006-1007.
8
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
71.
72.
73.
Corredor, C. C.; Huang, Z.-L.; *Belfield, K. D. “Two-Photon 3-D Optical Data Storage in a
Photochromic Diarylethene Polymer Composite” Polym. Preprints 2006, 47(2), 10581059.
Schafer, K. J.; *Belfield, K. D.; Yao. S.; Frederiksen, P. K.; Hales. J. M.; Kolattukudy, P.
E. “Fluorene-based fluorescent probes with high two-photon action cross-sections for
biological multiphoton imaging applications” Journal of Biomedical Optics 2005, 10 (5),
051402-1-051402-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.2104528
Yao, S.; *Belfield, K. D. “Synthesis of Two-Photon Absorbing Unsymmetrical Branched
Chromophores through Direct Tris(bromomethylation) of Fluorene” Journal of Organic
Chemistry 2005 70, 5126-5132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo0503512
Cohanoschi, I.; Barbot, A.; Belfield, K. D.; Yao, S.; *Hernandez, F. E. “Mega ThreePhoton Absorption Cross-Section Enhancement in psuedoisocyanine J-Aggregates”
Journal
of
Chemical
Physics
2005,
123,
231104-1-231104-3.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2150209
*Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Hales, J. M.; Morales, A. R.; Przhonska, O. V.; Schafer,
K. J. “One- and two-photon fluorescence anisotropy of fluorene derivatives,” Journal of
Fluorescence 2005, 15(1), 3-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10895-005-0207-9
Cohanoschi, I.; Belfield, K. D.; *Hernandez, F. E. “Three-photon absorption enhancement
in symmetrical charge transfer pull-pull fluorene derivatives” Chemical Physics Letters
2005, 406, 462-466.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2005.03.037
*Belfield, K. D.; Yao, S.; Morales, A. R.; Hales, J. M.; Hagan, D. J.; Van Stryland, E. W.
Chapela, V. M.; Percino, J. "Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Rigid Two-Photon
Absorbing Polymers" Polymers for Advanced Technologies 2005, 16, 150-155.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pat.550
*Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Cohanoschi, I.; Hernandez, F. E.; Kachkovsky, O. D.;
Przhonska, O. V.; Yao, S. “Excited-state absorption and anisotropy properties of twophoton absorbing fluorene derivatives” Applied Optics 2005, 44, 7232-7238.
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/abstract.cfm?URI=ao-44-33-7232
Givishi, R.; McMillian, T. H.; Hagan. D. J.; *Van Stryland, E. W.; Schafer, K. J.; Yao, S.;
Belfield, K. D. "Nonlinear absorption and refraction measurements of Fluorene-based
molecules via Picosecond Z-scans" Proc. SPIE - Int. Soc. Opt. Eng., 2005, 5934, 59340C.
Divlianska, I. B.; Weaver, G.; Petrovich, M.; Jabbour, T.; Seigneur, H. P.; Parnell-Lampen,
C.; Thompson, A.; Belfield, K. D.; *Kuebler, S. M. "CAD-integrated system for automated
multi-photon three-dimensional micro- and nano-fabrication" Proc. SPIE - Int. Soc. Opt.
Eng., 2005, 5720, 196-203.
*Belfield, K. D.; Schafer, K. J.; Andrasik, S. J. "Modulation of Optical Properties in New
Photosensitive Polymers: 3-D Optical Data Storage Media" In Chromogenic Phenomena in
Polymers: Tunable Optical Properties; ACS Symposium Series 888; Jenekhe, S. A.;
Kiserow, D. J., Eds.; American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 2005, Ch.9, 122-134.
*Belfield, K. D.; Kuebler, S. M.; Yanez, C. “Advances in two-photon polymerization and
microfabrication” RadTech Eur. ’05 2005, 2, 77-82.
*Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Hernandez, F. E.; Morales, A. R.; Przhonska, O. V.;
Schafer, K. J. “Nonlinear transmission and excited-state absorption in fluorene derivatives”
Applied Optics 2004, 43, 6339-6343. http://www.opticsinfobase.org/abstract.cfm?URI=ao43-34-6339
9
74.
75.
76.
77.
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
83.
84.
85.
86.
*Belfield, K. D.; Morales, A. R.; Kang, B.-S.; Hales, J. M.; Hagan, D. J.; Van Stryland, E.
W. Chapela, V. M.; Percino, J. "Synthesis, characterization and optical properties of new
two-photon absorbing fluorene derivatives" Chemistry of Materials 2004, 16, 4634-4641.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm049872g
Hales, J. M.; Hagan, D. J.; *Van Stryland, E. W.; Schafer, K. J.; Morales, A. R.; Belfield,
K. D.; Pacher, P.; Kwon, O.; Zojer, E.; Bredas, J.-L. "Resonant Enhancement of TwoPhoton Absorption in Substituted Fluorene Molecules" Journal of Chemical Physics 2004,
121 (7), 3152-3160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1770726
*Belfield, K. D.; Morales, A. R.; Hales, J. M.; Hagan, D. J.; Van Stryland, E. W. Chapela,
V. M.; Percino, J. "Linear and two-photon photophysical properties of a series of
symmetrical diphenylaminofluorenes" Chemistry of Materials 2004, 16, 2267-2273.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm035253g
*Belfield, K. D.; Zhang, L. "Synthesis of functionalized block copolymers via ring-opening
metathesis polymerization: magnetic ferrofluids" Polymeric Materials: Science and
Engineering 2004, 91, 783-784.
*Hernandez, F. E.; Belfield, K. D.; Cohanoschi, I. "Three-photon absorption enhancement
in a symmetrical charge transfer fluorene derivative" Chemical Physics Letters 2004, 391,
22-26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2004.04.051
*Hernandez, F. E.; Belfield, K. D.; Cohanoschi, I.; Balu, M.; Schafer, K. J. "Three and
four-photon absorption of a multiphoton absorbing fluorescent probe" Applied Optics 2004,
43 (28), 5394-5398. http://www.opticsinfobase.org/abstract.cfm?URI=ao-43-28-5394
*Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Przhonska, O. V.; Schafer, K. J. "Photostability of a series
of two-photon absorbing fluorene derivatives" Journal of Photochemistry and
Photobiology A: Chemistry 2004, 162, 489-496.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S10106030(03)00393-9
*Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Przhonska, O. V.; Schafer, K. J. "Photochemical
properties of (7-benzothiazol-2-yl-9,9-didecylfluoren-2-yl)diphenylamine under one- and
two-photon excitation" Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry 2004,
162, 569-574. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1010-6030(03)00416-7
*Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Przhonska, O. V.; Schafer, K. J. "One- and two-photon
photostability of 9,9-didecyl-2,7-bis-(N,N-diphenylamino)fluorene" Photochemical and
Photobiological Sciences 2004, 3, 138-141.http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b307426a
Schafer, K. J.; Hales, J. M; Balu, M.; *Belfield, K. D.; Van Stryland, E. W.; Hagan, D. J.
"Two-Photon Absorption Cross-Sections of Common Photoinitiators" Journal of
Photochemistry
and
Photobiology
A:
Chemistry
2004,
162,
497502.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1010-6030(03)00394-0
*Belfield, K. D.; Yao, S.; Hales, J. M.; Bondar, M. V.; Hagan, D. J.; Van Stryland, E. W.
"Novel two-photon absorbing branched architectures" Polymeric Materials: Science and
Engineering 2004, 91, 340-341.
*Belfield, K. D.; Hernandez, F. E.; Bondar, M. V.; Van Stryland, E. W. "Two-photons and
beyond: 2, 3 and 4 photon absorption in conjugated fluorenes" Polymeric Materials:
Science and Engineering 2004, 91, 346-347.
*Belfield, K. D.; Morales, A. R.; Yao, S.; Brice, A.; Hales, J. M.; Hagan, D. J.; Van
Stryland, E. W. "New highly efficient two-photon fluorescent dyes" Proc. SPIE - Int. Soc.
Opt. Eng., 2004, 5351, 173-180.
10
87.
Schafer, K. J.; *Belfield, K. D.; Yao, S.; Hales, J. M.; Hagan, D. J.; Van Stryland, E. W.
"Fluorescent dyes for multiphoton bio-imaging applications" Proc. SPIE - Int. Soc. Opt.
Eng., 2004, 5329, 201-206.
88. *Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V; Morales, A. R.; Yavuz, O.; Przhonska, O. V. "A New Blue
Light-Emitting Oligofluorene Glass: Synthesis, Characterization, and Photophysical
Properties" Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 2003, 16, 194-201.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/poc.593
89. *Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Liu, Y.; Przhonska, O. V. "Photophysical and
Photochemical Properties of 5,7-Dimethoxycoumarin under One- and Two-Photon
Excitation" Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 2003, 16, 69-78.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/poc.576
90. *Belfield, K. D.; Schafer, K. J. "Two-Photon Photoinitiated Polymerization" In
Photoinitiated Polymerization; ACS Symposium Series 847; Belfield; K. D., Crivello; J. R.,
Eds.; American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 2003, Ch. 39.
91. Jonsson, S.; Yang, D.; Viswanathan, K.; Shier, E.; Lindgren, K.; Belfield, K. D.; *Hoyle,
C. E. "Mechanistic Aspects of Maleimide-Donor Photocopolymerizations" In
Photoinitiated Polymerization; ACS Symposium Series 847; Belfield; K. D., Crivello; J. R.,
Eds.; American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 2003, Ch. 7.
92. Galvan-Gonzalez, A.; Belfield, K. D.; *Stegeman, G. I.; Canva, M.; Marder, S. R.; Staub,
K.; Levina, G.; Tweig, R. J. "Photodegradation of Selected p-Conjugated Electro-Optic
Chromophores"
Journal
of
Applied
Physics
2003,
94
(1),
756-763.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1578703
93. *Belfield, K. D.; Wang, Y. "Synthesis of functionalized tri-block copolymers and their
applications in dispersing magnetic nanoparticles" Polymer Preprints 2003, 44(1), 11241125.
94. *Belfield, K. D.; Morales, A.; Chapela, V. M.; Percino, J. "Two-photon absorption in a
new symmetrical series of diphenylaminofluorene-based structures" Polymer Preprints
2003, 44(1), 1061-1062.
95. *Belfield, K. D.; Schafer, K. J.; Yao, S.; Hales, J. M.; Hagan, D. J.; Van Stryland, E. W.
"Reactive two-photon fluorescent probes for biological imaging" Proc. SPIE - Int. Soc.
Opt. Eng., 2003, 5211, 91-95.
96. Hales, J. M.; Schafer, K. J.; Morales, A. R.; Belfield, K. D.; Hagan, D. J.; *Van Stryland,
E. W. "Nonlinear optical spectroscopic characterization of a series of fluorene derivatives"
Proc. SPIE - Int. Soc. Opt. Eng., 2003, 5211, 21-30.
97. *Belfield, K. D.; Schafer, K. J.; Andrasik, S. J. "Photosensitive polymeric media for twophoton based optical data storage" Proc. SPIE - Int. Soc. Opt. Eng., 2003, 4797, 275-283.
98. Xia, F.; Cheng, Z.; Xu, H.; Li, H.; *Zhang, Q.; Kavarnos, G. J.; Ting, R. Y.; Abdel-Sadek,
G.; Belfield, K. D. "High Electromechanical Responses in a Poly(vinylidene fluoridetrifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene) Terpolymer" Advanced Materials 2002, 14, 15741577. http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/abstract/99519688/ABSTRACT
99. *Belfield, K. D.; Schafer, K. J. "A New Photosensitive Polymeric Material for Optical Data
Storage using Multichannel Two-Photon Fluorescence Readout" Chemistry of Materials
2002,14, 3656-3662. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm010799t
100. *Belfield, K. D.; Liu, Y.; Negres, R. A.; Fan M.; Pan, G.; Hagan, D. J.; Hernandez, F. E.
"Two-Photon Photochromism of an Organic Material for Holographic Recording"
Chemistry of Materials 2002, 14, 3663-3667. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm0107981
11
101. *Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Przhonska, O. V.; Schafer, K. J. "Steady-State
Spectroscopic and Fluorescence Lifetime Measurements of New Two-Photon Absorbing
Fluorene
Derivatives"
Journal
of
Fluorescence
2002,
12,
445-450.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1021322228428
102. *Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Przhonska, O. V.; Schafer, K. J. "Photophysical
Characterization of 2,9-Bis(7-benzothiazole-9,9'-didecylfluoren-2-yl)perylene Diimide: a
New Standard for Steady State Fluorescence Anisotropy" Journal of Photochemistry and
Photobiology A: Chemistry 2002, 151(1-3), 7-11.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S10106030(02)00176-4
103. *Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Prshonska, O. V.; Schafer, K. J.; Mourad, W. "Spectral
Properties of Several Fluorene Derivatives with Potential as Two-Photon Fluorescent
Dyes" Journal of Luminescence 2002, 97, 141-146.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S00222313(02)00216-8
104. *Belfield, K. D.; Morales, A. R.; Andrasik, S. J.; Schafer, K. J.; Yavuz, O.; Chapela, V. M.;
Percino, J. "Novel Two-Photon Absorbing Polymers" In Functional Condensation
Polymers; Carraher, C. E.; Swift, G. G., Eds.; Kluwer: London, 2002, Ch. 11.
105. *Belfield, K. D.; Schafer, K. J.; Andrasik, S. Yavuz, O. Van Stryland, E. W.; Hagan, D. J.;
Hales, J. M. "Three-Dimensional Two-Photon Imaging in Polymeric Materials" Proc. SPIE
- Int. Soc. Opt. Eng., 2002, 4459, 281-289.
106. *Belfield, K. D.; Schafer, K. J. "Deep Curing via Near-IR Two-Photon Induced Thiol-Ene
Polymerization" Polymer Preprints 2002, 43(1), 83-84.
107. *Belfield, K. D.; Schafer, K. J.; Andrasik, S J. "Three-Dimensional Two-Photon
Fluorescence Lithographic Imaging in a New Photoresponsive Polymer" Polymer Preprints
2002, 43(1), 405-406.
108. *Belfield, K. D.; Schafer, K. J. "Modulation of Optical Properties in New Photosensitive
Polymers 3-D Optical Data Storage Media" Polymer Preprints 2002, 43(1), 161-162.
109. *Belfield, K. D.; Morales, A. R.; Chapela, V. M.; Percino, J. "Synthesis and
Characterization of a Two-Photon Absorbing and Luminescent Aminofluorenyl Polymer"
Polymer Preprints 2002, 43(1), 104-105.
110. *Belfield, K. D.; Abdel-Sadek, G. G. "Homo- and Co-fluorinated Acrylic Ester Polymers:
Synthesis, Characterization, and Coating onto Silicon Surfaces" Polymer Preprints 2002,
43(1), 588.
111. *Belfield, K. D.; Abdel-Sadek, G. G.; Huang, J.; Ting, R. Y. "Radical Telomerization of
Vinylidene Fluoride in the Presence of Dibromodifluoromethane as Telogen" Polymer
Preprints 2002, 43(1), 644.
112. *Belfield, K. D.; Abdel-Sadek, G. G.; Ting, R. Y.; Huang, J. "Synthesis and
Characterization of Fluorinated Ter-polymers" Polymer Preprints 2002, 43(1), 494-495.
113. *Doering, W. E.; Ekmanis, J. L.; Belfield, K. D.; Klarner, F. G.; Krawczyk, B. "Thermal
reactions of anti- and syn-dispiro[5.0.5.2]tetradeca-1,8-dienes: Stereomutation and
fragmentation to 3-methylenecyclohexenes. Entropy-dictated product ratios from diradical
intermediates?" Journal of the American Chemical Society 2001, 123, 5532-5541.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja004128s
114. **Belfield, K. D. "Two-Photon Photochemistry" Spectrum, Spring 2001, 1-6.
115. Belfield, K. D.; Ren, X.; Liu, J.; Van Stryland, E. W. "Two-Photon Photoinitiated
Polymerization and Microfabrication" In Forefront of Lithographic Materials Research;
12
116.
117.
118.
119.
120.
121.
122.
123.
124.
125.
126.
127.
128.
129.
Ito, H.; Khojasteh, M. M.; Li, W., Eds.; Society of Plastics Engineers: Brookfield, CT,
2001, pp. 197-201.
Rapaport, A.; Szipocs, F.; Milliez, J.; Jenssen, H.; *Bass, M. A.; Schafer, K. J.; Belfield, K.
D. "Optically written displays based on up-conversion of near-infrared light" Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng., 2001, 4294, 47-55.
*Belfield, K. D.; Abdel-Sadek, G. G.; LeBlanc, R. A.; Vicker, D. "Taming and Modifying
the Surface of Silicon Wafers for Coating with Organic Polymers" Polymeric Materials:
Science and Engineering 2001, 85, 8-9.
*Belfield, K. D.; Liu, J.; Schafer, K. J.; Andrasik, S. J. "Two-Photon Induced
Photoinitiated Polymerization" Polymer Preprints 2001, 42(2), 713-714.
*Belfield, K. D.; Andrasik, S.; Schafer, K. J.; Yavuz, O.; Hales, J. M.; Van Stryland, E. W.
"Maleic Anhydride-Modified Polymers for Two-Photon Upconverted Fluorescence"
Polymeric Materials: Science and Engineering 2001, 84, 732-733.
*Belfield, K. D.; Schafer, K. J.; Van Stryland, E. W. "Nondestructive Multiphoton Imaging
of Polymeric Materials" Polymeric Materials: Science and Engineering 2001, 84, 10101011.
*Belfield, K. D.; Morales, A. R.; Yavuz, O.; Stegeman, G. I.; Chapela, V. M.; Percino, J.
"Luminescence and Multiphoton Absorption of a New Class of Bisbenzothiazole Polymer"
Polymeric Materials: Science and Engineering 2001, 84, 660-661.
Jonsson, S. E.; Yang, D. N.; Kalyanaraman, V.; Shier, E.; *Hoyle, C. E.; Belfield. K.;
Lindgren, K. "Mechanistic aspects of donor structure in maleimide/donor photocopolymerizations" Polymer Preprints 2001, 42(2), 222-223.
*Belfield, K. D.; Schafer, K. J.; Liu, Y.; Liu, J.; Ren, X.; Van Stryland, E. W. "Multiphoton
Absorbing Organic Materials for Microfabrication, Emerging Optical Applications and
Nondestructive Three Dimensional Imaging" Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 2000,
13,
837-849.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1099-1395(200012)13:12<837::AIDPOC315>3.0.CO;2-5
*Belfield, K. D.; Schafer, K. J.; Mourad, W.; Reinhardt, B. A. "Synthesis of New TwoPhoton Absorbing Fluorene Derivatives via Cu-Mediated Ullmann Condensations" Journal
of Organic Chemistry 2000, 65, 4475-4481. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo991950+
*Belfield, K. D., Schafer, K. S.; Alexander, M. D., Jr. "Synthesis and Characterization of a
Perylene-based Luminescent Organic Glass" Chemistry of Materials 2000, 12, 1184-1186.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm000045z
*Belfield, K. D.; Ren, X.; Hagan, D. J.; Van Stryland, E. W.; Dubikovsky, V.; Miesak, E.
J. "Near-IR Two-Photon Photoinitiated Polymerization Using a Fluorone/Amine Initiating
System" Journal of the American Chemcial Society 2000, 122, 1217-1218.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja991990v
*Belfield, K. D.; Najjar, O.; Sriram, S. R. "Synthesis of Polyurethanes and Polyimides for
Photorefractive
Applications"
Polymer
2000,
41,
5011-5020.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0032-3861(99)00563-7
Galvan-Gonzalez, A.; Belfield, K. D.; *Stegeman, G. I.; Canva, M.; Chan, K.-P.; Park, K.;
Sukhomlinova, L.; Twieg, R. J. "Photostability Enhancement of an Azobenzene Photonic
Polymer"
Applied
Physics
Letters
2000,
77,
2083-2085.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1313809
*Rokosz, M. J.; Gerlock, J. L.; Kucherov, A. V.; Belfield, K. D.; Fryer, N. L.; Moad, G.
"15N CP/MAS Soldi State NMR Spectroscopy of a 15N-enriched Hindered Amine Light
13
130.
131.
132.
133.
134.
135.
136.
137.
138.
139.
140.
141.
142.
143.
Stabilizer Photolyzed in Acrylic/Melamine and Acrylic/Urethane Coatings" Polymer
Degradation
and
Stability
2000,
70,
81-88.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S01413910(00)00092-6
*Van Stryland, E. W.; Kovsh, D. I.; Negres, R.; Hagan, D. J.; Dubikovsky, V, Belfield, K.
"Optical Limiting: Characterization and Numerical Modeling" In Multiphoton and Light
Driven Multielectron Processes in Organics: New Phenomena, Materials and
Applications; Kajzar, F.; Agranovich, M. V., Eds.; Kluwer:Amsterdam, 2000, pp. 39-52.
*Belfield, K. D.; Hagan, D. J.; Liu, Y.; Negres, R. A.; Fan, M.; Hernandez, F. E. "Twophoton Photochromism of a Photorefractive Organic Material for Holographic Recording"
Proc. SPIE - Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. 2000, 4104, 15-22.
*Belfield, K. D.; Schafer, K. J.; Liu, J. "Near-IR Two-Photon Absorbing Dyes and
Photoinitiated Cationic Polymerization" Polymer Preprints 2000, 41(1), 578-579.
*Belfield, K. D.; Hagan, D. J.; Van Stryland, E. W.; Schafer, K. J.; Negres, R. A. "New
Two-Photon Absorbing Fluorene Derivatives: Synthesis and Nonlinear Optical
Characterization"
Organic
Letters
1999,
1,
1575-1578.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ol9909177
*Belfield, K. D.; Chinna, C.; Najjar, O.; Sriram, S. R.; Schafer, K. J. "Methodology for the
Synthesis of New Multifunctional Photorefractive Polymers" In Field Responsive
Polymers, ACS Symposium Series 726; Khan, I. M.; Harrison, J. S., Eds.; American
Chemical Society: Washington, D. C., 1999, pp. 250-263.
*Belfield, K. D.; Ren, X.; Hagan, D. J.; Van Stryland, E. W.; Dubikovsky, V.; Miesak, E.
J. "Two-Photon Photoinitiated Polymer Processing and Microfabrication" Organic Thin
Films for Photonics Applications Technical Digest 1999.
Negres, R. A.; Van Stryland, E. W.; Hagan, D. J.; *Belfield, K. D.; Schafer, K. J.;
Przhonska, O. V.; Reinhardt, B. A. "Nonlinear Spectrometer for Characterization of
Organic and Polymer Molecules" Proc. SPIE - Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. 1999, 3796, 88-97.
*Belfield, K. D.; Stegeman, G. I.; Najjar, O.; Schafer, K. J.; Meier, J.; Pliska, T. "NLOContaining Polymers with Very Low Near-IR Absorption" Polymer Preprints 1999, 40 (2),
1295-1296.
*Belfield, K. D.; Reinhardt, B. A.; Brott, L. L.; Clarson, S. J.; Najjar, O.; Pius, S. M.; Van
Stryland, E. W.; Negres, R. “Synthesis and Characterization of New Two-Photon
Absorbing Polymers " Polymer Preprints 1999, 40 (1), 127-128.
*Belfield, K. D.; Ren, X.; Hagan, D. J.; Van Stryland, E. W.; Dubikovsky, V.; Miesak, E.
J. "Microfabrication via Two-photon Photoinitiated Polymerization" Polymeric Materials:
Science and Engineering. 1999, 81, 79-80.
*Belfield, K. D.; Chinna, C.; Najjar, O. "Synthesis of Novel Polysiloxanes Containing
Charge Transporting and Second-Order NLO Functionalities with Atom Economical
Constructs" Macromolecules 1998, 31, 2918. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma970910+
*Belfield, K. D.; Sriram, S. R. "A Novel Architecture for Electro-optic Polyurethanes:
Alternating Charge Transporting and Nonlinear Optical Chromophores" Advances in
Urethane Science and Technology 1998, 14, 81.
*Belfield, K. D.; Metla, D. "Synthesis and Cationic Ring-Opening Polymerization of a
New Liquid Crystalline Dioxolane Monomer" Polymer Preprints 1998, 39 (2), 447-448.
*Belfield, K. D.; Najjar, O.; Pius, S. M. "Synthesis of Polysiloxanes Bearing Di- or
Triarylamines and NLO Chromophores" Polymer Preprints 1998, 39 (2), 445-446.
14
144. *Belfield, K.D.; Pichandi, S. "FT-IR Study of UV and Visible Photoinitiated
Polymerization of 4-Methylenedioxolanes" Polymer Preprints 1998, 39 (1), 373.
145. *Belfield, K. D.; Abdelrazzaq, F. B. "Photoinitiated Cationic Crosslinking of 4-Methylene2-phenyl-1,3-dioxolane
with
2,2'-(1,4-Phenylene)bis-4-methylene-1,3-dioxolane"
Macromolecules 1997, 30, 6985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma9613446
146. *Belfield, K. D.; Chinna, C.; Schafer, K. J. "Synthesis of Donor-Acceptor Stilbenes
Bearing Phosphonate Ester Electron-Withdrawing Groups" Tetrahedron Letters 1997, 38,
6131.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(97)01390-7
147. *Belfield, K. D.; Abdelrazzaq, F. B. "Novel Photoinitiated Cationic Copolymerizations of
4-Methylene-2-phenyl-1,3-dioxolane" Journal of Polymer Science, Polymer Chemistry
Edition 1997, 35, 2207-2219.
148. *Belfield, K. D.; Zhang, G. "Photoinitiated Cationic Ring-Opening Polymerization of a
Cyclosiloxane"
Polymer
Bulletin
1997,
38,
165-168.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002890050033
149. *Belfield, K. D.; Chinna, C.; Najjar, O.; Schafer, K. J.; Sriram, S. "Synthesis and
Characterization of Novel Organic Photorefractive Materials" Proc. SPIE - Int. Soc. Opt.
Eng. 1997, 3144, 154-165.
150. Grunnet-Jepsen, A.; Thompson, C. L.; Twieg, R. J.; Belfield, K. D.; Bratcher, M. S.;
*Moerner, W. E. "Large Gain Photorefractive Polymers" Proc. SPIE - Int. Soc. Opt. Eng.
1997, 3144, 216-226.
151. *Belfield, K. D.; Pichandi, S.; Abdelrazzaq, F. B.; Walsh, M. "Interpenetrating Polymer
Networks for Dental Applications via Simultaneous Photoinitiated Cationic and Radical
Polymerization" Polymer Preprints 1997, 38 (2), 88.
152. *Belfield, K. D.; Chinna, C.; Najjar, O.; Sriram, S.; Schafer, K. "New Multifunctional
Photorefractive Polymers" Polymer Preprints 1997, 38 (2), 514.
153. *Belfield, K. D.; Abdelrazzaq, F. B. "Photoinitiated Cationic Polymerization of Mono- and
Difunctional Cyclic Dioxolanes" Polymer Preprints 1997, 38 (1), 199.
154. B*elfield, K. D.; Geng, P. "A New Thermally-Reversible Photocrosslinkable Siloxane"
Polymer Preprints 1997, 38 (1), 201.
155. *Belfield, K. D.; Chinna, C.; Sriram, S.; Najjar, O. "Synthesis of New Low Tg
Photorefractive Polymers" Polymer Preprints 1997, 38 (1), 203.
156. *Belfield, K. D.; Garcia, G. "New Nonionic Polymeric Hydrogels via Graft
Copolymerization" Polymer Materials: Science and Engineering 1997, 76, 383.
157. *Belfield, K. D.; Zhang, G. "Photoinitiated Cationic Ring-Opening Polymerizations of
Spiroorthoesters and a Cyclic Siloxane" Polymer Preprints 1996, 37 (1), 537.
158. *Belfield, K. D.; Abdelrazzaq, F. B. "Novel Photoinitiated Copolymerizations"
PolymerPreprints 1996, 37 (1), 539.
159. *Belfield, K. D.; Belfield, J. S. "New Methods for the Synthesis of Optically Active
Monomers and Polymers" Trends in Polymer Science 1995, 3, 180.
160. *Belfield, K. D.; Wang, J. "Modified Horner-Emmons Reaction of Polymeric
Phosphonates: Versatile Synthesis of Pendant Stilbene-Containing Polymers" Journal of
Polymer
Science
A,
Polymer
Chemistry
1995,
33(8),
1235.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1995.080330806
161. *Belfield, K. D.; Seo, J. "Facile Enantioselective Synthesis of Two New Bicyclic Chiral
Templates" Synthetic Communications 1995, 25, 461.
15
162. *Belfield, K. D.; Zhang, G. "Novel Photoinitiated Cationic Ring-Opening Polymerizations"
Polymer Preprints 1995, 36(2), 267.
163. *Belfield, K. D.; Zhang, G. "New Developments in the Photoinitiated Polymerization of a
Dioxolane Monomer" Polymer Preprints 1995, 36(2), 269.
164. *Belfield, K. D.; Seo, J.; Geng, P. "Synthesis of Novel Optically Active Photochromic
Polymers" Polymer Preprints 1994, 35(2), 649.
165. *Belfield, K. D.; Seo, J.; Geng, P. "New Optically Active Photochromic Difunctional
Monomers" Polymer Preprints 1994, 35(2), 647.
166. *Belfield, K. D.; Wang, J. "Towards a General Method for the Synthesis of Photochromic
Polymers with NLO Potential" Polymer Preprints 1994, 35(2), 645.
167. *Belfield, K. D.; Al-Asadi, M. "Preparation of a New Optically Active Monomer via
Biocatalysis" Polymer Preprints 1994, 35(2), 651.
168. *Doering, W. von E.; Belfield, K. D.; He, J. "Beyond Butadiene: Activation Parameters for
Thermal Stereomutations and Cycloreversion of Cyclobutanes from a Photochemical
Cyclodimerization of the Rigid, All-Trans Triene 4a-Methyl-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-2methylenenaphthalene" Journal of the American Chemical Society 1993, 115,
5414.http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00066a009
169. *Belfield, K. D.; Wang, A. “Synthesis of Novel Difunctional Monomers with
Photochromic Potential” Journal of Polymer Science A, Polymer Chemistry 1993, 31(13),
3493-3497. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1993.080311340
170. *Belfield, K. D.; Hofmeister, T. S.; Seo, J. "Direct Determination of Enantiomeric Excess
of Carbocyclic Esters by Chiral Capillary Gas Chromatography" Journal of
Chromatography 1993, 648, 497-500.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(93)80435-B
171. *Morrill, T. C.; Lu, Q.; Brister, A.; O'Shaughnessy, B.; Belfield, K. "The Halogenolysis of
Organoboranes" Synthesis 1993, 973.
172. *Belfield, K. D.; Wang, A. "Synthesis of New Photochromic Monomers" Polymer
Preprints 1993, 34(2), 352.
173. Belfield, K. D.; Lin, X. Z.; *Cabasso, I. "Hydrosilylation of a,b-Unsaturated Esters:
Application for the Synthesis of Functional Polysiloxane Graft Copolymers and
Macromonomers" Journal of Polymer Science A, Polymer Chemistry 1991, 29(7), 10731076. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1991.080290715
174. Chen, G.-F.; Wang, J. T.; *Williams, F.; Belfield, K. D.; Baldwin, J. E. "Matrix ESR
Evidence for the Formation of the Bicyclo[3.2.0]hepta-2,6-diene Radical Cation Both from
Ionized Quadricyclane and as an Intermediate in the Radical Cation Photoisomerization of
Norbornadiene to Cycloheptatriene" Journal of the American Chemical Society 1991, 113,
9853.http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00026a023
175. *Baldwin, J. E.; Belfield, K. D. "Dynamic Isotope Dilution Kinetic Study of the Thermal
Conversions of Bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-ene to Bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene and to
Cyclopentadiene and Ethene" Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 1989, 2, 455.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/poc.610020604
176. *Baldwin, J. E.; Belfield, K. D. "Stereochemistry of the Thermal Isomerization of
Bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-ene to Bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene" Journal of the American Chemical
Society 1988, 110, 296.http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00209a051
177. *Baldwin, J. E.; Belfield, K. D. "Specifically Deuteriated Bicyclo[3.2.0]hepta-2,6-dienes"
Journal of Organic Chemistry 1987, 52, 4772.http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo00230a022
16
178. *Vukanovic, V.; Butler, S.; Kapur, S.; Krakower, E.; Allston, T.; Belfield, K. D.; Gibson,
G. "The Use of an Arc Plasma Rotating in a Magnetic Field for Metal Coating Glass
Substrates" Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology A 1983, 1, 881.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.572016
Graduate Theses/Dissertations Supervised (29 M.S. and 8 Ph.D. to date):
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
(12)
(13)
(14)
(15)
(16)
Synthesis of 3,4,5,6,7,8-Hexahydro-4a(2H)-hydroxymethyl-2-methylenenaphthalene and
Analogous Difunctional Monomers with Photochromic Potential, Anyou Wang, 1993, M.
S. thesis (University of Detroit Mercy)
Versatile Synthesis of Pendant Stilbene-Containing Polymers via Modified HornerEmmons Reactions, Juexian Wang, 1994, M. S. thesis (University of Detroit Mercy)
The Effect of Blowing Conditions on Polyoxazolidone Foam Cell Structure, Hadzimana
S. Lekovic, 1995, M. S. thesis (University of Detroit Mercy)
Synthesis and Polymerization of 2-(4'-Bromo-4-stilbenoxy) ethyl Vinyl Ether for NLO
Applications, Ousama M. Najjar, 1995, M. S. thesis (University of Detroit Mercy)
Synthesis of Novel Thermally-Reversible Photocrosslinkable Monomers and Polymers,
Peng Geng, 1996, M. S. thesis (University of Detroit Mercy)
Synthesis and Photoinitiated Cationic Polymerizations of 4-Methylene-2-phenyl-1,3dioxolane, 1,4-Bis(4-methylene-1,3-dioxolane)benzene, and Novel Spiroorthoester
Monomers, Feras B. Abdelrazzaq, 1996, M. S. thesis (University of Detroit Mercy)
Synthesis of New Multifunctional Photorefractive Polymers, Chandrasekhar, Chinna,
1997, M. S. thesis (University of Detroit Mercy)
New Nonionic Polymeric Hydrogels via Graft-Copolymerization, Guillermina Garcia,
1997, M. S. thesis (University of Detroit Mercy)
Synthesis of New Nonlinear Optical Chromophores and Photorefractive Polyurethanes
and Polyimides, Suresh R. Sriram, 1997, M. S. thesis (University of Detroit Mercy)
Synthesis of Optically Active Monomers and Polymer Derived from (R)-(+)-3,4,5,6,7,8Hexahydro-4a-hydroxymethyl-2(2H)-methylenenaphthalene, Jeongbeob Seo, 1997, M. S.
thesis (University of Detroit Mercy)
Simultaneous Photoinitiated Polymerization of 4-Methylene-2-phenyl-1,3-dioxolane and
Methacrylate Derivatives, Senthil Pichandi, 1998, M. S. thesis (University of Detroit
Mercy)
Synthesis of Novel Polysiloxanes with Photorefractive Potential, Silvester Pius, 1998, M.
S. thesis (University of Detroit Mercy)
Synthesis and Polymerization of 4-(4-(6-(4-(2-(4-Methylidene-1,3dioxolane)phenoxy)hexoxy)phenyl)-phenyl)methanenitrile: a New Liquid Crystalline
Monomer, Dharakumar Metla, 1998, M. S. thesis (University of Detroit Mercy)
Synthesis of New Photorefractive Polymers, Ousama Najjar, Summer 1999, Ph. D.
dissertation Macromolecular Chemistry (University of Detroit Mercy)
Novel Fluorene-Based Two-Photon Absorbing Materials, Katherine J. Schafer, Fall 1999,
M. S. thesis (UCF)
Two-Photon Photoinitiated Radical Polymerization, Xiaobin Ren, Spring 2000, M. S.
thesis (UCF)
17
(17)
(18)
(19)
(20)
(21)
(22)
(23)
(24)
(25)
(26)
(27)
(28)
(29)
(30)
(31)
(32)
(33)
(34)
(35)
Two-Photon Organic Photochemical Reactions: Photocycloaddition of 5,7Dimethoxycoumarin and Photoisomerization of an Indolylfulgide, Yong Liu, Fall 2000,
M. S. thesis (UCF)
Two-Photon Photoinitiated Cationic Polymerization using Near-IR Light, Jun Liu, Spring
2001, M. S. thesis (UCF)
Synthesis, Liposome Encapsulation, and Evaluation of Two-Photon Absorbing Fluorene
Dyes for Photodynamic Cancer Therapy, Brian Polk, Spring 2001, M. S. thesis (UCF)
Synthesis of Fluoroinated Random ter-Polymers and Telomers for Block Copolymers,
Jinyu Huang, Summer 2002, M. S. thesis (UCF).
Magnetic Polymeric Nanocomposites: Triblock Copolymer Surfactants, Yan Wang,
Summer 2002, M. S. thesis (UCF).
Spectral Properties and Determination of Singlet Oxygen Production by Fluorene-based
Photosensitizers with Potential Applications in Two-Photon Photodynamic Cancer
Therapy, Claudia Corredor, Spring 2003, M. S. thesis (UCF).
Novel Calamitic Liquid Crystalline Compounds: Synthesis, Characterization and texture
Observations, Maher Qaddoura, Spring 2003, M. S. thesis (UCF).
TiO2 Catalyzed Photodecomposition of Oleic Acid, Carbon Black, and Nitrogen Dioxide,
Summer 2003, Meimei Zou, M. S. thesis (UCF).
Self-Assembly of Polyelectrolyte-Coated Silver Nanoparticles with Metanil Yellow for
use in Raman Amplification, Dequan Xiao, Summer 2003, M. S. thesis (UCF).
New Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Sol-Gel Nanocomposite Materials for Raman Gain in
Fiber Optics, Stephen Andrasik, Spring 2004, M. S. thesis (UCF).
Method for Determination of Singlet Oxygen Quantum Yields for New Fluorene-Based
Photosensitizers in Aqueous Media for the Advancement of Photodynamic Therapy,
Wade Grabow, Spring 2004, M. S. thesis (UCF).
Synthesis and Characterization of Two-Photon Absorbing Dyes, Alma R. Morales, Fall
2004, Ph. D. dissertation Chemistry (through University of Puebla, Puebla, Mexico).
Magnetic Polymeric Nanocomposites: Well-defined Triblock Copolymer Siderophores,
Li Zhang, Fall 2004, M. S. thesis (UCF).
Reactive Block Copolymers for Nanoparticle Stabilization, Mohammed Daoudi, Fall
2004, M. S. thesis (UCF).
Two-Photon Reactive Probes for Biological Imaging, Katherine J. Schafer, Summer
2005, Ph. D. dissertation Biomolecular Science (UCF).
Synthesis of Alkylthiol-containing Fluorene Derivatives for Gold Nanoparticle
Functionalization, Sriram Mukundarajan, Fall 2005, M. S. thesis (UCF).
Two-Photon 3D Optical Data Storage via Fluorescence Modulation of Fluorene Dyes by
Photochromic Diarylethenes, Claudia Corredor, Spring 2007, Ph. D. dissertation
Chemistry (UCF).
Singlet Oxygen Generation using New Fluorene-based Photosensitizers under One- and
Two-photon Excitation, Stephen Andrasik, Fall 2007, Ph. D. dissertation Chemistry
(UCF).
Synthesis of Novel Fluorene-based Two-Photon Absorbing Molecules and their
Applications in Optical Data Storage, Microfabrication, and Stimulated Emission
Depletion, Ciceron Yanez, Fall 2009, Ph. D. dissertaion Chemistry (UCF).
18
(36)
(37)
Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Novel Hydrophilic Fluorene-based
Derivatives for Bioimaging Applications, Dao Nguyen, Fall 2009, Ph. D. dissertaion
Chemistry (UCF).
Synthesis and Applications of Novel Self-assembled Block Copolymers: From
Superparamagnetic Nanocomposites to Bioimaging, Sanchita Biswas, Spring 2010, Ph.
D. dissertation Chemistry (UCF).