2nd Grade
Science
Unit C: Earth Science
Chapter 6: Rocks and Soil
Lesson 1: What are rocks and
minerals?
rock
A rock is a hard
mineral from earth.
This rock is hard and shiny.
What do you think rock means?
What context clues can you find?
soil
Soil is the portion of
the earth’s surface
consisting of rock and
humus.
Soil is dark and smooth.
What do you think soil means?
How can you use soil?
rough
Rough means not
smooth but bumpy.
The rock is rough and
bumpy.
What do you think rough means?
What context clues can you find?
light
Light means not heavy.
You can hold the rock
in your hand because it is
light.
What do you think light means?
Can you name other things that are light?
heavy
Heavy means weighs a
lot in weight
Some rocks are heavy.
What do you think heavy means?
Can you name other objects that are heavy.
different
Different means not
the same
There are different kinds
of rocks.
What do you think different means?
Describe the different rocks in the picture.
minerals
Minerals are any class
of substances that is
natural having quartz
or feldspar in it.
Minerals are nonliving
Materials that come from
Earth.
What do you think minerals means?
Describe the minerals that you see in the
picture.
luster
A rock is a hard
mineral from earth.
This mineral has a nice shiny
luster.
What do you think luster means?
What context clues can you find?
dull
Dull means not sharp.
Minerals can be shiny or dull.
What do you think dull means?
Describe what you see in the picture.
soft
Soft means not hard;
not hard or stiff
Talc is a mineral that is so
soft you can rub it.
What do you think soft means?
What context clues can you find?
2nd Grade
Science
Unit C: Earth Science
Chapter 6: Rocks and Soil
Lesson 2: What is weathering?
weathering
Weathering is breaking
apart and changing of
rocks.
Weathering changes a rock’s
size, shape, and color.
What do you think weathering means?
What can cause weathering?
rocks
A rock is a hard
mineral from earth.
There are several rocks.
What do you think rocks mean?
How can water weather rocks?
large
Large means having
great size.
I can see large rocks while
camping.
What do you think large means?
Describe the picture.
boulder
A boulder is a large
rock.
Weathering can turn the
large boulder into a small
rock.
What do you think boulder means?
What context clues can you find?
small
Small means not great
in size.
Weathering can change
large rocks into small rocks.
What do you think small means?
What context clues can you find?
gravel
A gravel are small
rocks from earth’s
surface.
Weathering can turn
smaller rocks into gravel.
What do you think gravel means?
How can weathering change smaller rocks into
gravel?
sand
Sand is earth’s surface
that contains debris of
small rock.
Weathering can turn
smaller rocks into grains
of sand.
What do you think sand means?
Describe sand.
rust
Rust is the red or orange
coating that forms when
iron has been exposed to
air and moisture.
When rocks get wet, the
iron mixes with air and
rust is formed.
What do you think rust means?
What colors show rust?
break
Break means to smash,
split, or divide into
parts.
The rocks become weaker
and may break apart.
What do you think break means?
Describe the picture.
2nd Grade
Science
Unit C: Earth Science
Chapter 6: Rocks and Soil
Lesson 3: What is soil?
soil
Soil is the portion of
the earth’s surface
consisting of rock and
humus.
Soil is the top layer of
Earth.
_______ grow in soil. _______ kinds of plants
grow best in different _____ of soil.
weathering
Weathering is the
mechanical and chemical
processes that cause
rocks to decompose
Weathered rock and other kinds
of material can be found in soil.
Weathering can be caused by
_______ and by changes in
___________.
leaves
Leaves are one of the
expanded green
organs borne by the
stem of a plant
Leaves, twigs, and other
living things that have died
are found in soil.
Leaves can be found on ______ and in ______.
The leaves on the picture are ______, ______,
and _____.
different
Different means not
the same.
Different kinds of plants grow
best in different kinds of soil.
There are different kinds of _____
and _____ in the picture.
smooth
Smooth means flat
with no bumps.
The road is smooth and even.
The soil in the picture is smooth and _______.
The road is long and _______.
rough
Rough means not
smooth but bumpy.
The road is rough and bumpy.
The picture shows many ______, ______, and
______.
plants
Plants are organisms
that produces its own
good from
photosynthesis
Plants are able to get the
water they need to grow.
Plants need the proper ______, _____, and
the best ______ to grow.
2nd Grade
Science
Unit C: Earth Science
Chapter 6: Rocks and Soil
Lesson 4: What are natural
resources?
natural resources
Natural resources are the
natural wealth of a
country, consisting of
land, forests, mineral
deposit, water etc.
Natural resources meet
many of our needs.
We use natural resources for _____, ______,
_______, and fuel.
materials
Materials are the
substances of which a
thing is made or
composed of.
Materials are things that people can use.
We use ______ from trees to build ______
and make _______. We use cotton to make
_______.
fuel
Fuel is something that
give nourishment;
food.
Gasoline is a fuel.
______, _______, and _______ are natural
resources that are used for fuel.
shelter
Shelter is something
beneath, behind, or
within which a person,
animal, or thing is
protected from storms.
We need natural resources
to meet our needs for shelter.
Natural resources meet many of our _______.
______ can be used for building things.
rocks
Rocks are hard
mineral from earth
Rocks can be mixed with sand,
cement, and water.
You know that ______ are a natural resource.
Rocks can be used to ______ _______.
concrete
Concrete is made of
rock and is solid.
This driveway is made of
concrete.
Concrete is used to build _______, ________,
and steps.
2nd Grade
Science
Unit C: Earth Science
Chapter 7: Fossils and
Dinosaurs
Lesson 1: What is a fossil?
size
Size is the spatial
dimensions,
proportions, or bulk of
anything.
Fossils show the size and
shape of plants and animals
that lived long ago.
The fossil shows the
_____ and _____ of the
fish.
shape
Shape is an outline of
an object.
The fossils show many sizes
and shapes.
There are several ________ of fish in the
picture.
plants
Plants are organism
that produces its own
good from
photosynthesis.
Some fossils are of different
plants.
Many fossils are of plants that _____ long
____.
animals
Animals are any such
living thing other than
a human being.
Scientists study animals
that lived long ago.
Scientists study fossils and want to learn what
_______ looked like long ago.
2nd Grade
Science
Unit C: Earth Science
Chapter 7: Fossils and
Dinosaurs
Lesson 2: How do we
learn about life long ago?
skeleton
Skeleton is a trace of a
living thing, such as a
fossil.
A skeleton is all the bones
of a body.
Scientists build a skeleton from ______ of
______. This picture shows the skeleton
of an animal called a _______ that lived long
ago.
fossils
Fossils are any
remains, or trace of a
living thing of a former
geologic age, as a
skeleton, footprint,
etc.
Fossils show clues about the
past.
It can take a long time to _______ a _______.
Scientists need to use ______ to dig up a fossil.
scientist
A scientist is a person
who studies science.
Scientists help us learn about
life on Earth long ago.
A scientist ______ and _______ about fossils.
They want to learn what dinosaurs _______ like
and how they _______.
dinosaurs
A dinosaurs of a
diverse group of
animals of the Clade
Dinosauria.
Today we know the different
names of dinosaurs..
There were different kinds of ________ that
had _____, ______ teeth. They ate ______.
Earth
Earth is a planet in the
solar system. Humans
live on Planet Earth
Many kinds of dinosaurs
lived on Earth long ago.
Dinosaurs lived on Earth _____ of years ago.
There are no ______ today.
plants
Plants are organism
that produces its own
good from
photosynthesis
Dinosaurs that had
short, flat teeth ate
plants.
Scientists who studied the Triceratops noticed
that these dinosaurs had ____ teeth and ____
plants.
discovery
Discovery means to
find/figure something
that was never
known/found before
Scientists have made
important discoveries in
the past.
Major discoveries have led scientists to
believe that there are more _______ fossils.
They look for ______ all over the ______.
2nd Grade
Science
Unit C: Earth Science
Chapter 7: Fossils and
Dinosaurs
Lesson 3: What were
dinosaurs like?
dinosaurs
A dinosaurs is a
diverse group of
animals of the Clade
Dinosauria.
There were different
shapes and sizes of
dinosaurs.
The picture shows _______ and ______
dinosaurs existed on Earth.
fossils
A fossil is any remains,
or trace of a living
thing of a former
geologic age, as a
skeleton, footprint,
etc.
Scientists study
different fossils of
plants, insects and
animals.
Scientists study fossils because they show us
____ things about how they _______.
large
Large means big in
size.
Large dinosaurs existed
long ago.
Scientists have done a good job in placing
________ skeletons in museums.
scientist
A scientist is a person
who studies science.
Scientist study the
way dinosaurs lived
long ago.
__________learn many things by
studying dinosaur__________.
2nd Grade
Science
Unit C: Earth Science
Chapter 7: Fossils and
Dinosaurs
Lesson 4: How are plants
and animals of long ago
like those today?
Dinosaurs
A dinosaurs is a
diverse group of
animals of the Clade
Dinosauria.
Dinosaur fossils show
that some dinosaurs
were very big.
Some dinosaurs had_________,
________teeth and ate meat. While
others had__________, __________teeth
and ate plants.
plants
A plant is organism
that produces its own
good from
photosynthesis
Plant fossils show the size and
shape of plants that lived long
ago.
___________look at plant
___________to learn how plants that
lived long ago are like ________today.
fossil
A fossils any remains,
or trace of a living
thing of a former
geologic age, as a
skeleton, footprint,
etc.
Fossils show plants and
animals that lived long
ago.
Plant fossils show the ______ and
______ of plants that lived long ago.
footprints
Footprints are the
impressions or images left
behind by a person
walking or running.
When a person is walking
on the sand at the beach,
their feet make footprints.
Scientist learn about animals by
______________ their ___________.