LewisStluctures
"Everythingstartsftom a dot."
- WassilyKandinsky
anddrawthe
writethenumber
of valence
electrons
1.Foreachatomor ionbelow,
LewisSymbol.
CI
l-/ '
. .t:
,\
Al3*
Brlr'
)r-
)l g -:'1
o.
$
(
L
A\
3ts
2. Drawthe LewisStructurefor eachdiatomicmoleculeor ionbelow Startby
identifying
the numberof valenceelectrons.
co re)
H z@
oHt- rilz€\
-__V
,.
):o-
L"
page 1 of 8
N:
: Q=O:
lJ-L +
(
Nz@
'l'-
t+ l
J
co2- bs'\gi
f . .:c
|
-----:,
ra r
,r
lt
Lro
rJ
U
CN1-@
I
I
I
I
\
zC
/'q- = u
(_
^)r-
l
Drawthe lewisstructurefor eachpofiabrniarnsboje s ion below.
CzH+
SCCIz
HNBTF
If_
t
I
tr
c-: c- -r+
LL-
:S
I
tr
t+
.tl
n
lcl
*
,l
-ct
I
I
I
I
,
rll
tl
I
-rv
lll
t.
HCOzH
BrOH
CzHz
ll
t-\ - Q : O
q)
Dr
I
- n -\.r'
l*
(r
' . Ol
I
t.l
CH:CHCHz
t+
\
\L- c
.
t+
"t \
rl
t.-
=cI
t
\+
l+
page2 of 8
FNCHz
H:Or*
1Fl
I
u= c-t +
'r
I
r+
't
\+
-u'
I
l+
-E r
I
Drawthelewis
may
compounds
Liel
Li
.L
(/ , \ ' - z -(1 3 - t
)r'
J.,}J'\NA
l' - - J
Flr'l-
KCN
N[I*Br
\F
.t-
\t..
- \*
\!--N
rd
'\
)
i rtsr '\
\-/
ld.
'f .-a
)
/rc --= u t 1
L
l-
\
tl
-,+\
L'?l-1"*
\
rl
\'|,
below..Note:some'
for.each,.rnalecular
cqmpound
5. Drawthelewisstructure
compounds.flave
of el€etrons.
ansdd.numh,er
NO
o"
N- Oto
:,
)q
NSz
CIO:
,\
.@
.tl
iO
-
1
,r
jol
' ri
t-
V
:
l-l
-
-:<w
' N ' :S ; . .
|
I
,t@
@e3 of I
1-
| ' l . , -'
' YZ
.r<r
,
6. Drawthe lewisstrucfrrefs ed
in the 3rd periodand belowmay
IBr:
ll
,,.8r i
| |4-a
r r-.r
-
..
.\
.t
'Ct
XeFr
':
,
!l-,
re\
l-
,
-3 - o
I
l{c '
(-u,
-I '
,
"?o
tg
tl
\.
r
\.
,/ -.
-
.11
POCI: 4
\-i
r (4,
-(_)
I
t\
'-t
,t'.-"7
-ct
.F ,
ll
tPl
rol
*
D
tL
CIO+1-
q@'
\"a f 7"
rl-
cl
r.'..- /
- B r:
-r
-J-
..-t
,L,.
..
J
!r
SO+2-
PCls uoa-
2,fu
\
__)
7. Thenitrategn (NOs1)hasthreepossiblelewisstructures.Draweachandassign
formalcharg'e
to all atomsin the structures.
Lf
-t
rA
tL/
ll
\|
O . -N
trl
I
lD
a
page4 of I
(->
'l
D :N (7
'l
.^
'->
c
ll
lo
a'r I
8. Drawat leasttvvoresonance
structure
of eachmolecule.below.
structures
of andassignformalchargeto eachatomin the structures.circlethe
(
fv
rl
ar
j N= c * t ,
+>
c- =Q
L)=
i l'r
'"
(, o^ro^ htrF clcr{- aaXah.oc,,**\
b. Theisocyanate
ion (CNOI-)hasa skeletonof C-N-O.Drawthreeresonance
structures
of andassignformalchargeto eachatomin the structures.circlethe
6')
v
.,
q
=
l..J
(--)
5U
=O
rFil
@
e>
,'C- U - o
It
\,2
(r**
1e2,,+ue\
.4s\
c. Whichismorestable,the ionyoucircledin (d)or the ionyoucircledin (b)?
Why? 'i
CA\ tl hes4e bxL ?>/h- o[ &\ rd
+. ohsil ' leg (21,q mgvs J. eQ^^S*
page 5 of I
A,^"J oL rlr
e(e"ao"{a t
,
10.Themolecularcompoundboron
t^ \' t-
i-:
|
g
r€)
'r-
\
\
ll
\\
I
:F-R
l<->
P',
B@
+>
I
r-1
, l-
* ,f f i r
,,/or'l'r
r\
I pL-
,7
tF.'| a:\
B\-Y
ft
'rP:@
11.Draw
the lewisstructure
for eachcompoundbelow Note:a few elementsmavorefer
lessthana completeoctet. Hydrogen,
Beryllium,
Boron,andAluminumarethe most
common.
HBCIF
CH:BeCl
A
rt
"
' nt
\--
t
I
rl
lrr
I
i'
It
l
At'
R
\h
6',r
(
IF;
rct
t.
page6 of I
I
r-rr
' 1. \- -C -t.t-
-B
(
AIOBr
',
^,, her,
'i"u
u!
(v
2/efu'h
L iekfrr'
(SOz)
12.The
sulfurdioxide
molecule
has
charseto eachatominthe_structures.
effi t|e modstqb|e€tfE6\\
3::|tYl"j"rt[3'
;6 ,*-
Q ,o,,
,;Y / lg,'
ll
\
I t*,
@!'
, l
<-)
J,@.-"
l:
i
@,
+
-- I
1r
t
l\
-l
-f;
ip .
i+
L-J
x$ i; l*
lOt
lO r
9!s
,O;
-.
b
|
I
\:O:
/
\/
= 2'P 'Lll-'t
'- -t"tlo4L
)i'T
tr',*2f;:4
q.{i
hev'- ./ *r^."/rlhy
'b%
'
&uu'
't'
(
I-'
i .,,1* 'i'1.
3.Drawat leastsixresonance
structure$tHzNOzl-.Assignformalchargeto eacn j( a5Y
atomin thestructure(otherthanH). Circlethemoststablestructure
or structures.
-c-- r ug ' - oi @
a,-
J\
9
6-e -
L- g>
^'r-o J
@^*
,br9 ) r
rr+
(
-d: o , @
\\
\
r .:
X -'/ t'+-9 -r'r:o := \
\ '\
@ I
c--,-l-J r-- .,\) ,/
L
-'?
(
IJ
(
(-_
EDaqe
--q,
7 of 8
@
t.-o I
l-
'I
.
- .o
I tL {.t V
l,
Czrta6+ AeQ *r
1
et paylJ +ob1 -n"Jo"C+$|
4.Draw
rbn below.Thenitrogenin (b)it's110
d418 kJ/mol;
nitrogen
pmand
r"iHzNNHz
(a)
lN = l\.J:
tf
tl
1r")=- N
k
/
\r+
lS.Consider
thethreestructures
inthequestion
above.
(a)Aretriplebondsronger
or shorter
thandoubre
bonds?whataboutsingre
bondsrelative
to doublebonds?
wJ l*{:
-t-aL" < b41e
.
<
(b)
bondtwiceas strongas a singtebond?Dothreesingte-bonds
:^lj:yb]-:
notoasmuchenergyasonetriplebond?
).1", pJo,Nst%A
e,e \"
' b,*- *uy"w ,ots l.*c
Nor' .t+pk \d.r
paseaof
B
<h\(- ]>14;
?.< E{,^a.;}
bu+.J^ry
ar n^t- ?e \
*r^/5,
-lL-r-g^tb )
s\r/,
>s +1^,*,nV