MAHALAKSHMI
ENGINEERING COLLEGE
TRICHY-SALEM HIGHWAY NEAR NO.1 TOLLGATE,
THUDAIYUR POST, TIRUCHIRAPPALLI- 621 213
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
CE 2208 / CADD LABORATORY MANUAL
FOR III SEMESTER B.E. DEGREE COURSE
[REGULATION 2008]
As per the common syllabus prescribed by
ANNA UNIVERSITY, CHENNAI
2012-2013
Mr. P. Dhanabal AP/Civil, Mahalakshmi Engineering College, Trichy – 621 213.
Page 1
CE 2208 – CADD LAB
LABORATORY MANUAL
Mr. P. Dhanabal AP/Civil, Mahalakshmi Engineering College, Trichy – 621 213.
Page 2
Ex.No:01
COMMANDS USED IN AUTO CAD
Date:
AIM:To study about special features & advantages of auto cad & about the various
drawing, editing in auto cad detail.
Cad is computer aided design & draft. Auto cad is mostly widely used cad
software develop by auto desk using auto cad.
Auto cad is a drafting package of use in cad. There are drafting package like cad
key DIAP, CAMD, Delights etc…. Auto cad is one of the popular cad packages.
It is a general purpose computer aided design we can draw geometrical entries
rotate & trim.
Auto cad is used to create two methods.
 COMMAND MODE
 MENU MODE
COMMAND MODE:In this mode the uses has to type various command & keyboard. The software
reports with opposite to help the used to the input. The necessary in to a promps to help
the uses input.
MENU MODE:In this mode the uses of software is through a menu. This is located on the right
side of the screen. The menu can be selected using mouse.
BENEFITS OF CAD:The following are the advantages of the cad.
 Improved engineering productively.
 Reduced engineering personal requirement.
 Drawing modification or eraser to intake.
STARTING AUTO CAD:To starting Auto cad is only one of the adopted
METHOD:Double click auto cad 2000 on the windows. There are took has available but the
frequency used area draw modify object properties & standard tool bar.
Mr. P. Dhanabal AP/Civil, Mahalakshmi Engineering College, Trichy – 621 213.
Page 3
STATUS BAR:It is the bottom of the auto cad window the various commands are snap, ortho,
model, title.
COMMAND WINDOWS:It is an area which commands typed & current commands are displayed.
WINDOW:The auto cad screen can be converted into text window for display. That is history
of the current auto cad drawing command to enter text F2.
CROSS CURSOR:It is used to indicate. The current position of drawing point.
CO-ORDINATE SYSTEM:Auto cad support to the two type of co-ordinate system.
 World co-ordinate system.
 User co-ordinate system.
WORLD CO-ORDINATE SYSTEM:In this co-ordinate system the x, y, z co-ordinate are measured with reference to
tired again.
USER CO-ORDINATE SYSTEM:The user co-ordinate system provides a movable co-ordinate system for 3-D
drawing.
UTILITY COMMAND & DRAWING SOLS:These are several commands that convert basic auto cad function.
HELP COMMAND:You can see the help command to obtain a line auto cad in care you have
command is entered auto cad points a message to remained you at the availability of
help facility.
DRAWING EDITOR EXIT:When creating a new drawing returns to the main menu but it does not capture.
The drawing by mistakes of you used the commands you will lose of your will lose all
your drawing section.
END COMMANDS:-
Mr. P. Dhanabal AP/Civil, Mahalakshmi Engineering College, Trichy – 621 213.
Page 4
The Exit command return to main menu but it does not update. The drawing by
mistakes of you used to commands you will lose of your drawing section.
SAVE COMMAND:You can see & command to save your drawing section. This exits the drawing
editor rotating the main menu. This perfect your work, from power textile, you can do this
work save command.
LIMITS COMMAND:Using the limits command you, can desirable. The drawing limits for the current
drawing & component it’s drawn on a standard size is limited the auto cad scaling
facilities available in cad.
UNITS COMMAND:Auto cad gives several drafting use it chooses.
COMMAND:System of units. Scientific Decimal Engineering Architecture. Enter choose 1-5
no.’1’ digit to the right of decimal number of points (0 to 8) set 2 digit decimal units.
ORTHO COMMAND:Ortho command forces lines to be drawn as exactly perpendicular.
GRID COMMAND:Grid command *. ON|OFF|SNAP|ASPECT
ON --------------- This Exit activities grid.
OFF -------------- This turn off grid.
SNAP COMMAND:Snap keys helps to move across hair at any defined as current this helps you
quickly & get position of drawing.
ZOOM COMMAND:This command is used to the center display of drawing.
ZOOM ALL:This up to be used to see the entire drawing in the screen.
Command:Zoom
COMMAND:All| centre| Dynamic| Extent| Left| Window Scale….
COMMAND: - A.
Mr. P. Dhanabal AP/Civil, Mahalakshmi Engineering College, Trichy – 621 213.
Page 5
Now the drawing screen will be set to the drawing area by zoom all.
This command is used to draw a straight line. The line is one of the drawing
element & its extent B/W to end points using single line command you can draw any no.
of line.
COMMAND: - LINE
Specify first point: Press enter to continue the line command.
POINT SPECIFICATION METHODE:ABSTRACT SOLUTE CO-ORDINATE METHOD:In this method the points are represent as absolute value at x, y & z co-ordinate
with reference to the origin.
Specify text point or [undo]: press & enter.
RELATIVE CO-ORDINATE METHOD:In this method the points are represented x, y displacement with reference to the
previous points.
POLAR CO-ORDINATE METHOD:Here the points are representing as distance & angle with previous point.
COMMAND: - Erase.
Remove an object from a drawing.
Command: - C - Circle.
Create a circle.
DRAW MENU: -circle
COMMAND: - circle
Specify center point for circle (tan radius)
POLAR ARRAY:Create an array defined by selecting a create point (or) base point about which
auto cad replacement the select objects.
Specify centre point of array:
Click a point
Enter a no. of lines in the array enter the positive inverse integral (or) press &
enter.
OFF SET:Create concentric circle parallel lines are parallel offset. Create a new object at a
specified distanced from can exiting object an through a specified point.
COMMAND: -
OFF SET.
Mr. P. Dhanabal AP/Civil, Mahalakshmi Engineering College, Trichy – 621 213.
Page 6
Specify offset distance through <current>: Enter the offset distance.
Create an object at a distance from exiting object.
Select object to offset (or) <exit>:
Select are object or press enter to end the command.
ARRAY:Create multiple copies of object in a pattern.
COMMAND: ARRAY
Enter the types of array [Rectangular | Polar]
RECTANGULAR ARRAY:Creates an array defined by a no. of rows & column of pipes of the select objects.
Enter the row (-1, 1). Enter or Non zero integral press at enter. Enter the no. of
column (1, 1).
Copy: - short cut menu.
Select the objects to right click in drawing & area of choose copy selection.
TRIM:Trim controls whether auto cad thick the selected edges to the filled are end point.
EXTEND:Select: boundary edges, select: objects used a selection method & press enter
you finish.
CENTER POINT:
Specify diameter of circle <current> specify a point to center a value or press &
enter.
DO NET:Draw filled circle & right a do net is constructed of a closed poly line. Compose of
wide area segment auto cad will it’s the interiors of the do nets depends the current
command.
RADIOS:It designs the length to the diameter from the center point.
MIDDLE:Display the object at specified distance in a specified direction.
Command: Rotate.
Current position angle in use.
Select object use an object selection method.
Specify a point or enter.
Mr. P. Dhanabal AP/Civil, Mahalakshmi Engineering College, Trichy – 621 213.
Page 7
GUIDE LINES FOR BUILDING DRAWING
FOUNDATION:
The portion of building below the ground level which in direct contact with the
ground to transit the loads of the building is called as the foundation.
SUPER STRUCTURE:
The portion of the building above the ground level is called super structure. The
components of super structure are plinth, wall, lintel, Roof…
BASEMENT:
It’s the lower structure of the building which is partly below the ground level. In a
office building or rain for cement building basement is used for vehicle parking for
storage goods.
PLINTH & PLINTH LEVEL:
The portion is of building B/W the ground & floor level in the super structure is
called as plinth. It’s height usually 450mm, 600mm (or) 750mm for ground level.
WALL:The portion of the super structure which arrays the loads of the roof is called as
walls.
PARAPET WALL:The walls build above the roofs which provide safely to the people. Which they are
on the top of the roof building is called parapet wall. Height is 600mm.
SILL LEVEL:The horizontal bottom level of window is called as sill level.
ROOFING:The rain forced cement on slap used to cover the building is called as roofing.
CEILING:The bottom of the surface of roof slap inside a room is called ceiling.
PLINTH LEVEL OR PLINTH BEAM:The R.C.C beam constructed in the plinth which is used to transfer the load of
building uniformly in foundation.
DAMP PROOF COURSE:The building should be only for the layer of its end in order to present. The entry of
dampness into the building the damp proof course is also used.
Mr. P. Dhanabal AP/Civil, Mahalakshmi Engineering College, Trichy – 621 213.
Page 8
SUPER STRUCTURE:
All walls will be in first class brick work in c. m 1:5 using first class brick 200tk. All
wall basements will be plastered smooth with c. m 1:4 eternally 1:6 for 1250tk. Parapet
wall 200tk & 600 length will be provide all round.
ROOFING:The roofing will be of R.C.C 1:2:4 mix & 125tk flat slat over the entire beam.
DOORS, WINDOWS ARE EXPRESSION:D – Flush door
-
1000 x 2100
D – Paneled door
-
900 x 2100
W – Window glazened
-
1200 x 1200
V – Ventilator glazened
-
1200 x 1200
O – Opening
-
1000x 2100
LINTEL:All internal opening provide with R.C.C lintel 1:2 mix 150tk all External opening will
be provide with R.C.C lintel sunshade 1:2:4 mix, 100tk & the sunshade will be 45mm
wide, 50tk & 600 wide the R.C.C shall be provided in be rooms, kitchen.
FLOORING:The flooring will be in C.C 1:$:*, 130tk. Plastered smooth with c. m 1:3 mix, 20tk
for all portion.
STEP:
Step will be in 200mm tk work in c. m 1:5 laid on a 800 x 150 cement concrete
1:4:8 flooring rise 150.
THE ACCOMATION CONSIST OF THE FOLLOWING:
Veranda
-
3000 x 1200
Living
-
3300 x 4600
Bed room
-
4200 x 3400
Bed room
-
4200 x 3400
Toilet
-
2000 x 1450
Dining
-
3800 x 300
Mr. P. Dhanabal AP/Civil, Mahalakshmi Engineering College, Trichy – 621 213.
Page 9
Ex. No: 02
RESIDENTIAL BUILDING WITH LOAD BEARING WALLS
Date:
Aim:To draw the plan, elevation and section of a industrial building
using the various commands in AutoCAD
Software Used:AutoCAD 2008
Command Used And Their Description:Limits - reset the model space limits
Zoom – It is used to zoom the object created.
Units – Used to set the current format for units of measure.
Line –Line commands allows creating a line where the end points allow
creating a line where the end points are dimensional co-ordinates.
Line type – using this command different type of lines can be used to
draw object.
Offset – create a news object at a specified distance from an existing
object or through a specified point.
Fillet - This command is basically used for rounding off edges
Trim – trims off an object using cutting edges defined by other objects.
Break – removes only a part of an object.
Arc – Used to create an arc segment. Methods are:
1. 3 Points,
2. Start, Center, End
3. Start, Center, Angle
4. Center, Start, End
5. Center, Start, Angle
6. Start, Center, Length
7. Center, Start, Length
8. Start, End, Angle
9. Start, End, Radius
10. Start, End, Diameter
Mr. P. Dhanabal AP/Civil, Mahalakshmi Engineering College, Trichy – 621 213.
Page 10
11. Continue
Copy- Moves the selected objects from a given square to destination,
learning a copy at
the originally selected location.
Rotate- rotate objects around a specified point
Move- moves object to the destination place from the source place
BHatch – makes shaded patterns as matter of few picks and clicks away
Extend – elongates an object to a boundary defined by other objects
Erase – used to erase the unwanted objects
Text – creates text object with specified height and orientation
Osnap – AutoCAD displays the object snaps tab in drafting setting dialog
box. If we enter osnap at command prompt it presents options on the command
line.
Procedure:
The limits are set before starting the drawing. The lower left corner is set as
default
(0.0000, 0.0000). The upper right corner is changed as per our requirements.
y using units command, set the types as decimal/precision as 0.0000 and
units to scale drag and drop content as millimeters.
By using line command, the outer line of the plan is drawn with the required
dimension
By using offset command, the outer line of the plan is drawn with the required
dimension
By using offset command, the wall thickness of the plan is given as per
requirements.
By using trim command the excess lines are trimmed.
By using line command, each room is drawn as per requirements.
The lines that cannot be trimed using trim command are eliminated by break
command.
Using arc command, the doors are drawn as per the requirements of each room.
Using copy command, the doors are copied if necessary multiply copy is used.
Using rotate command, the doors are rotated as per the required placement for
each room.
Using move command, the doors are moved and fixed in the place on where it
Mr. P. Dhanabal AP/Civil, Mahalakshmi Engineering College, Trichy – 621 213.
Page 11
should be placed.
Using rectangle command and offset command, the window is drawn
separately as per the required dimensions.
By changing the line type from continuous to dashed lines, the sun shades and
ventilators are drawn.
The windows, ventilators and sunshades are copied, rotated and moved and
placed in the required place.
Using offset command, the plinth line is drawn.
The elevation is drawn by extending the outer line of the plan using extend
command and unwanted lines are erased using erase command.
The doors, windows, sunshade and parapet are drawn in same distance in
elevation as drawn in same distance in the plan.
The section is drawn on the adjacent side of the elevation by extending the lines.
The various represtations of brickwork, sand filling and concrete are
completed in the section using Bhatch command.
Using save command, the file having plan, elevation and section is saved by
giving the corresponding path name.
Result:
The functional requirements of the residential building is planned and the
plan, section and elevation are drawn in AutoCAD 2004
Mr. P. Dhanabal AP/Civil, Mahalakshmi Engineering College, Trichy – 621 213.
Page 12
Ex. No: 03
R.C.C FRAMED STRUCTURE
Date:
Aim:
To draw the plan, elevation and section of a industrial building using
the various commands in AutoCAD
Software Used:
AutoCAD 2008
Command Used and Their Description:
Limits - reset the model space limits
Units – Used to set the current format for units of measure.
Line –Line commands allows creating a line where the end points allow
creating a line where the end points are dimensional co-ordinates.
Offset – create a news object at a specified distance from an existing object
or through a specified point.
Trim – trims off an object using cutting edges defined by other objects.
Break – removes only a part of an object.
Arc – Used to create an arc segment. Methods are:
12. 3 Points,
13. Start, Center, End
14. Start, Center, Angle
15. Center, Start, End
16. Center, Start, Angle
17. Start, Center, Length
18. Center, Start, Length
19. Start, End, Angle
20. Start, End, Radius
21. Start, End, Diameter
22. Continue
Copy- Moves the selected objects from a given square to destination,
learning a copy at the originally selected location.
Rotate- rotate objects around a specified point
Move- moves object to the destination place from the source place
Mr. P. Dhanabal AP/Civil, Mahalakshmi Engineering College, Trichy – 621 213.
Page 13
BHatch – makes shaded patterns as matter of few picks and clicks away
Extend – elongates an object to a boundary defined by other objects
Erase – used to erase the unwanted objects
Text – creates text object with specified height and orientation
Procedure:
limits are set before starting the drawing. The lower left corner is set
as default
(0.0000, 0.0000). The upper right corner is changed as per our requirements.
By using units command, set the types as decimal/precision as 0.0000 and
units to scale drag and drop content as millimeters.
Plan can be started by using line command
fter completing the outline, offset command is used and the distance is
given as the brick wall thickness.
en door is drawn by using line, arc commands are copied as many times
as needed by using copy command.
door are moved and placed in the portion ascertained for them.
en window is drawn by line, offset command copied as many times as
needed and moved to their respective places
en section line is drawn with an arrow head
fter completing the plan of the residential building its elevation is drawn by
having an extension mode on the drafting setting dialog box by using
OSNAP – setting in status bar or by using the command settings.
ation is drawn similar to plan, by using the line command.
fter finishing elevation, cut section is drawn in the similar manner. After
drawing the cut section lines, hatching of brick work, concrete, sand filling, and
floor finish are done by using BHatch command.
Appropriate hatching style is selected from hatch or advanced and a preview
is done. If it is
ok, then enter is pressed. If it is not ok esc is pressed and
esc hatching is repeated again.
Before hatching dimensions are marked by using the leader command.
arrow mark lines were drwn by leader command.
aximize any part of the drawing room command is used.
Mr. P. Dhanabal AP/Civil, Mahalakshmi Engineering College, Trichy – 621 213.
Page 14
rc command is used to draw arc for the representation of door.
rase command is used to erase any selected object
aximize any part of the drawing room command is used.
save command the file having plan, elevation and section is saved
by giving the corresponding path name.
Result:
Thus the functional requirement of the residential building is planned and
the plan, elevation, section were drawn in AutoCAD 2004.
Mr. P. Dhanabal AP/Civil, Mahalakshmi Engineering College, Trichy – 621 213.
Page 15
INDUSTRIAL BUILDING – NORTH LIGHT TRUSSES
Ex. No: 04
Date:
Aim:
To draw the plan, elevation and section of a industrial building using the
various commands in AutoCAD
Software Used:
AutoCAD 2004
Command Used and Their Description:
Limits - reset the model space limits
Units – Used to set the current format for units of measure.
Line –Line commands allows creating a line where the end points allow
creating a line where the end points are dimensional co-ordinates.
Offset – create a news object at a specified distance from an existing object or
through a specified point.
Trim – trims off an object using cutting edges defined by other objects.
Break – removes only a part of an object.
Arc – Used to create an arc segment. Methods are:
23. 3 Points,
24. Start, Center, End
25. Start, Center, Angle
26. Center, Start, End
27. Center, Start, Angle
28. Start, Center, Length
29. Center, Start, Length
30. Start, End, Angle
31. Start, End, Radius
32. Start, End, Diameter
33. Continue
Copy- Moves the selected objects from a given square to destination, learning
a copy at the originally selected location.
Mr. P. Dhanabal AP/Civil, Mahalakshmi Engineering College, Trichy – 621 213.
Page 16
Rotate- rotate objects around a specified point
Move- moves object to the destination place from the source place
BHatch – makes shaded patterns as matter of few picks and clicks away
Extend – elongates an object to a boundary defined by other objects
Erase – used to erase the unwanted objects
Text – creates text object with specified height and orientation
Procedure:
The limits are set before starting the drawing. The lower left corner is set as
default
(0.0000, 0.0000). The upper right corner is changed as per our
requirements.
By using units command, set the types as decimal/precision as 0.0000 and
units to scale drag and drop content as millimeters.
By using line command, the outer line of the plan is drawn with the required
dimension
By using offset command, the outer line of the plan is drawn with the required
dimension
By using offset command, the wall thickness of the plan is given as per
requirements.
By using trim command the excess lines are trimmed.
By using line command, each room is drawn as per requirements.
The lines that cannot be trimed using trim command are eliminated by break
command.
Using arc command, the doors are drawn as per the requirements of each room.
Using copy command, the doors are copied if necessary multiply copy is used.
Using rotate command, the doors are rotated as per the required placement for
each room.
Using move command, the doors are moved and fixed in the place on where it
should be placed.
Using rectangle command and offset command, the window is drawn
separately as per the required dimensions.
By using dashed lines ventilators and sunshade are copied rotated and moved
and placed in the required place
Using offset command, the plinth line is drawn.
Mr. P. Dhanabal AP/Civil, Mahalakshmi Engineering College, Trichy – 621 213.
Page 17
The elevation is drawn by extending the outer line of the plan using extend
command and using dashed lines.
By using trim command the excess lines are trimed.
The doors and windows, sunshade and parapet are drawn in same distance in
elevation as shown in same distance in the plan.
The section is drawn on the adjacent side of the elevation by extending the lines.
Then using Bhatch command, the various representations of brick work, sand
filling and concrete are completed in the section.
Using save command, the file having plan, elevation and section is saved
by using responding pathname.
Result:
Thus the Plan, Section, Elevation of a building was drawn by using various
commands in AutoCAD 2004
Mr. P. Dhanabal AP/Civil, Mahalakshmi Engineering College, Trichy – 621 213.
Page 18
Ex. No: 05
SINGLE STORAGE BUILDING
Date:
Aim:
To draw the plan, elevation and section of a industrial building using the
various commands in AutoCAD
Software Used:
AutoCAD 2004
Command Used and Their Description:
Limits - reset the model space limits
Units – Used to set the current format for units of measure.
Line –Line commands allows creating a line where the end points allow
creating a line where the end points are dimensional co-ordinates.
Offset – create a news object at a specified distance from an existing
object or through a specified point.
Trim – trims off an object using cutting edges defined by other objects.
Break – removes only a part of an object.
Arc – Used to create an arc segment. Methods are:
34. 3 Points,
35. Start, Center, End
36. Start, Center, Angle
37. Center, Start, End
38. Center, Start, Angle
39. Start, Center, Length
40. Center, Start, Length
41. Start, End, Angle
42. Start, End, Radius
43. Start, End, Diameter
44. Continue
Copy- Moves the selected objects from a given square to destination,
learning a copy at the originally selected location.
Mr. P. Dhanabal AP/Civil, Mahalakshmi Engineering College, Trichy – 621 213.
Page 19
Rotate- rotate objects around a specified point
Move- moves object to the destination place from the source place
BHatch – makes shaded patterns as matter of few picks and clicks away
Extend – elongates an object to a boundary defined by other objects
Erase – used to erase the unwanted objects
Text – creates text object with specified height and orientation
Procedure:
 The limits are set before starting the drawing. The lower left corner is set
as default (0.0000, 0.0000). The upper right corner is changed as per our
requirements.
 By using units command, set the types as decimal/precision as 0.0000 and
units to scale drag and drop content as millimeters.
 By using line command, the outer line of the plan is drawn with the required
dimension
 By using offset command, the outer line of the plan is drawn with the required
dimension
 By using offset command, the wall thickness of the plan is given as per
requirements.
 By using trim command the excess lines are trimmed.
 By using line command, each room is drawn as per requirements.
 The lines that cannot be trimed using trim command are eliminated by break
command.
 Using arc command, the doors are drawn as per the requirements of each
room.
 Using copy command, the doors are copied if necessary multiply copy is
used.
 Using rotate command, the doors are rotated as per the required placement
for each room.
 Using move command, the doors are moved and fixed in the place on
where it should be placed.
 Using rectangle command and offset command, the window is drawn
separately as per the required dimensions.
 By using dashed lines ventilators and sunshade are copied rotated and
moved and placed in the required place
Mr. P. Dhanabal AP/Civil, Mahalakshmi Engineering College, Trichy – 621 213.
Page 20
 Using offset command, the plinth line is drawn.
 The elevation is drawn by extending the outer line of the plan using extend
command and using dashed lines.
 By using trim command the excess lines are trimed.
 The doors and windows, sunshade and parapet are drawn in same distance
in elevation as shown in same distance in the plan.
 The section is drawn on the adjacent side of the elevation by extending the
lines.
 Then using Bhatch command, the various representations of brick work,
sand filling and concrete are completed in the section.
 Using save command, the file having plan, elevation and section is
saved by using responding pathname.
Result:
Thus the Plan, Section, Elevation of a building was drawn by using various
commands in AutoCAD 2004
Mr. P. Dhanabal AP/Civil, Mahalakshmi Engineering College, Trichy – 621 213.
Page 21