PROSTITUTION ALONG QUEZON AVENUE AND SAGIP KABABAIHAN A CASE STUDY INTRODUCTION -------------------------------------------------------------------- SAGIP KABABAIHAN stands for Suporta At Gabay sa Ikalalaya sa Prostitusyon ng Kababaihan. This is a community project of Barangay South Triangle to address the system of prostitution proliferating along Quezon Avenue within the jurisdiction of Barangay South Triangle, West Triangle, Sta. Cruz and Paligsahan. MISSION STATEMENT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ To mobilize various agencies and organizations in Quezon City to eradicate the system of prostitution along Quezon Avenue, Barangay South Triangle, and the other Barangays mentioned above, through education, transformation, healing, and recovery of affected individuals, specifically the women and children victims of the system of prostitution. OBJECTIVES ----------------------------------------------------- 1. To raise the level of awareness and concern on the issue of prostitution in the communityspecified areas through information dissemination and training; 2. To pull resources together for community projects and programs for women and children in prostitution; 3. To support healing and recovery of women and children in prostitution through referral and coordination with service-provider organizations; 4. To promote vigilance on the existing laws and local ordinances against prostitution and propose new local ordinances that will prevent the proliferation of prostitution in the area; 5. To augment the limited logistical requirements of the police to meet the OPLAN SAGIP-K goals. CORE VALUES ----------------------------------------------------------- 1. Commitment. Pledge to devote time, effort and resources until the goal is attained adequately. 2. Collaboration. Promote the participation of various agencies and organizations working together to ensure the project’s success. 3. Love and respect. Show love for God, love and respect for people as every person has the image of God. 4. Faith in God. The project is ultimately a spiritual warfare, which only God can cause to succeed. We need to trust Him and acknowledge Him as Lord over this project. 5. Honesty and transparency. Openness to truth. 6. Holistic. Valuing the physical, social, emotional, intellectual, and spiritual aspects of a person. 2 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Quezon Avenue, located in Quezon City, Philippines, has been known for more than a decade now as a center for the system of prostitution. When Mayor Alfredo Lim of Manila started enforcing City Ordinance #1183 (approved in March 1993) in 1993 in the Ermita-Malate area, prohibiting the establishment or operation of business providing certain forms of amusement, entertainment, service, and facilities, where women were used as tools in entertainment affecting adversely the social and moral welfare of the community, such as sauna and massage parlors, karaoke bars, beerhouses, night, day, and super clubs, discotheques, cabarets, dance halls, motels, inns, and the like. Most of those who closed their operation transferred to Quezon City, specifically Quezon Avenue and Timog Avenue located in Barangays South Triangle, Sacred Heart, Laging Handa, Paligsahan and West Triangle. There was no effort on the part of the local government of Quezon City to stop or control the migration of this kind of business where women are used, exploited for pleasure in exchange for monetary consideration. Such a lucrative trade became a fast-spreading form of livelihood along the areas, patronized by all sorts of customers including government officials and men-in-uniform. Hence, it did not take long for these streets to be known as the center of flesh trade. Barangay South Triangle has jurisdiction over the most frequented portions customers visit, hence, the presence of more prostituted women in those spots. The services offered by these women are marketed faster through pimps, who gesture, wave, or hail the passing motorists, who could be prospective customers of these prostituted women. In the mid 90s, the Sacred Heart Parish Church, together with its parishioners, initiated a prayer march with candles to protest against the proliferation of clubs with nude shows along Timog Avenue. The City Government under Mayor Ismael Mathay, Jr., through the City Council, came up with an Ordinance penalizing lewd and nude shows in clubs. When Xyrus L. Lanot was elected as Barangay Chairman of South Triangle, he made attempts to apprehend these prostituted women, whom he turned over to the proper police authorities. The police force of PNP Station 10 and the PCP blocks within South Triangle also conducted sporadic operations. Their efforts did not create any change because it was not done continuously and the apprehended women went through the process of night court, where, after paying the fine of One Hundred Ten Pesos (P110.00), reappeared on the street on the same night or thereafter. In June 2004, the Barangay South Triangle Council, under the initiative of Kgd. Evangeline Lanot, wrote a letter to Police Inspector Jerome Dela Cruz asking him and the police force to stop or apprehend the prostituted victims operating under their very noses. P/Insp. Dela Cruz replied with an invitation to the Barangay South Triangle Council, PNP Station 10 then headed by Col. Cesar Hawthorne Binag, concerned churches, specifically Capital City Alliance Church, and establishments to tackle this issue on prostitution as a joint community effort. More meetings and more agencies consisting of the PNP Station 10, PCP Blocks, Baler Police Station, the Barangay 3 South Triangle Council, MMDA, DPOS, DILG, SSDD, Capital City Alliance Church, Samaritana and establishments along Quezon Avenue gave birth to the SAGIP-KABABAIHAN MOVEMENT or SAGIP-K for short. The first major activity of SAGIP-K was the Jericho Prayer March held on Aug. 19, 2004, passing Quezon Avenue, EDSA, Mother Ignacia Avenue, and Timog Avenue. This March saw 500 participants, culminating at Kenny Rogers where the final closing ceremonies took place. On October 11, 2004, SAGIP-K appeared before Mayor Feliciano “SB” Belmonte, Jr. to introduce the group and present its proposal for a SAGIP-K Rehabilitation Center. The good Mayor did not reject the plan for a center. Instead, he suggested that SAGIP-K initiate collection of data to determine the actual number of prostituted women operating on Quezon Avenue. The SAGIP-K group heeded the Mayor's recommendation. On November 12, 2004 it began a nightly operation of rounding up these persons from 11:00 p.m. till 5:30 a.m. the next day. This nightly operation continued until February 10, 2005. On February 19, 2005, Jericho March II took place with more than 1,000 participants. On March 15, 2005, SAGIP-K attended the second reading of Councilor Ariel Inton’s AntiProstitution Ordinance at the City Hall, which was approved by the City Council and presided over by Councilor Elizabeth Delarmente. Mayor Belmonte signed Quezon City Ordinance No. 1516 addressing the system of prostitution on May 3, 2005, in the presence of Punong Barangay and City Councilor Xyrus L. Lanot. Kagawad Sylvia G. Lazo wrote a thank-you letter to Mayor Belmonte to express SAGIP-K’s deep appreciation and gratitude to the Mayor, and how this new City Ordinance reinvigorated the energy and morale of this voluntary group. On June 6, 2005, Kagawad Lazo, SAGIP-K Coordinator, was summoned to City Hall, and the Good Mayor articulated his recognition of the group’s efforts against the system of prostitution and verbalized his wish for SAGIP-K to prepare a case study, which can serve as a model for the city. This is the reason behind this proposal, which SAGIP-K hopes to see implemented across the city in the near future. The gathered data revealed the urgency of pursuing the second, and more important, goal of SAGIP-K, which is to institutionalize the process of healing and recovery for the victims of prostitution, through a proposed center to meet this urgent need. Eventually SAGIP-K hopes to see them reintegrated into the mainstream of society. LEGAL BASIS ------------------------------------------------------- Prostitution has existed since the biblical time of Moses. It is a problem involving women, whose services for pleasure are paid for by male customers. Modern times have facilitated the offering of these services through establishments and pimps. Existing laws penalize only the women. The customers, patrons, protectors, and pimps enjoy not only the fruit of the trade, but are likewise not touched by the authorities and the courts of justice. Yet existing laws, both international and local, clearly specify that the women should be considered victims of the system of prostitution and 4 are to be assisted in their rehabilitation and re-entry to society. The law also states that customers, patrons, protectors, especially government officials and the men-in-uniform involved in prostitution, should be given the full force of the law. The 1949 Convention for the Suppression of Prostitution and the Convention for the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women clearly encourage states to stop violence against women, particularly all forms of sexual exploitation. The Philippines, as a party to the Convention, is obliged to institute mechanism to eliminate various forms of sexual exploitation, including prostitution. The Declaration of Principles and state policies of the 1987 Convention mandate the state to ensure the fundamental equality before the law of women and men. The General Welfare Clause of Republic Act No. 7160, or the Local Government Code of 1991, states that every local government unit shall exercise the powers expressly granted those necessarily implied therefrom, as well as powers necessary, appropriate, or incidental for its efficient and effective governance, and those which are essential to the promotion of the general welfare. Quezon City Ordinance No. 2393, approved by Mayor Norberto B. Amoranto on March 01, 1955, regulates the establishment or regulation of night clubs, cabarets, dancing schools and pavilions, billiard pools, boxing contests, and other places of amusement in Quezon City within a radius of five hundred (500) lineal meters from any public buildings, schools, hospitals, and churches and providing penalties for violation thereof. Quezon City Ordinance No. 78 S-89, approved on February 04, 1989 by Mayor Brigido S. Simon, Jr. penalizes patrons of live nude shows. Quezon City Ordinance No. SP-123, S-93, enacted on Sept. 28, 1993, amends Ordinance No. 2793, which prohibits burlesque shows in Quezon City and provide penalties for violation thereof, was approved by Mayor Ismael Mathay, Jr. on Sept. 11, 1993. In Manila, City Ordinance No. 7783 approved by Mayor Alfredo Lim in 1993 prohibits the establishment or operation of business providing certain forms of amusement, entertainment, service, and facilities in the Ermita-Malate area, prescribing penalties for violation thereof. The City of Manila Ordinance No. 7791, which prohibits sexual relations with, and solicitation or procurement of, prostitutes and other related acts, providing penalties thereto, was approved in the City of Manila on June 01, 1993 by Mayor Alfredo Lim. On May 26, 2003, President Gloria M. Arroyo signed into law Republic Act 9208, or the Anti-Trafficking Act of 2003. This law took effect on June 19, 2003. It recognized the rights of women and children in prostitution as victims who are entitled to privacy, witness protection programs, and free legal services. On the other hand, perpetrators of the system or violators of R.A. 9208 are penalized with imprisonment and fines. 5 In Quezon City, City Ordinance No. 1516 was signed into law by Mayor Belmonte on May 3, 2005. This ordinance addresses the system of prostitution and imposes penalties on its perpetrators/violators and provides protective measures and support services for the women and children victims of prostitution. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The following sections present and discuss the results of the nightly operation conducted from November 12, 2004 to February 10, 2005. I. Total number of interviewed persons and their classification: Prostituted Women : 484 or 77.44 % Pimps : 96 or 15.36 % Homosexuals : 45 or 7.20 % NUMBEROFRESPONDENTSINTERVIEWED (NOVEMBER2004 - FEBRUARY2005) 7.20% 15.36% Prostituted Women Pimps Homosexuals 77.44% The nightly operation from November 12, 2004 to February 10, 2005 generated a total of six hundred twenty-five (625) persons for interview. Four hundred eighty-four persons, or 77.44%, fell under the classification of prostituted women (PW); ninety-six, or 15.36 %, were pimps (P); and forty-five, or 7.20 %, were homosexuals or gays (H). 6 Of the above figure, in actuality, only three hundred fourteen (314) have single identities. This means that some of the 314 individuals appeared several times along Quezon Avenue, generating more data and producing the inflated figure of 625. CLASSIFICATIONOF PERSONS INTERVIEWED 7.96% 14.65% Prostituted Women Pimps Homosexuals 77.39% Out of the total figure of three hundred fourteen (314) single persons, two hundred fortythree (243), or 77.39 %, were prostituted women and children; forty-six (46), or 14.65 %, were pimps; and twenty-five (25), or 7.96 %, were homosexuals or gays (H). II. Age Groupings The following table shows the age levels of the 314 respondents: AGE LEVEL 14 - 17 yrs 18 – 22 yrs 23 – 27 yrs 28 – 32 yrs 33 – 37 yrs 38 – 42 yrs 43 yrs above TOTAL Prostituted Women 18 110 72 26 9 5 3 243 Pimps Homosexuals 0 0 0 4 12 19 11 46 2 14 8 1 0 0 0 25 TOTAL 20 124 80 31 21 24 14 314 % 6 40 25 10 7 8 4 100 7 Of the total number of interviewees, six (6), or 6 %, belonged to age groups 14-17 years old; one hundred twenty-four (124), or 40 %, belonged to age group 18-22 years old; eighty (80), or 25 %, belonged to age group 23-27 years old; thirty-one, or 10 %, belonged to age group 28-32 years old; twenty-one (21), or 7 %, belonged to age group 33-37 years old; twenty-four (24), or 8 %, belonged to age group 38-42 years old; and fourteen (14), or 4 %, belonged to age group 43 years old and above. RESPONDENTS BROKEN DOWN BY AGE GROUP 8% 4% 6% 14 - 17 yrs 7% 18 - 22 yrs 23 - 27 yrs 10% 40% 28 - 32 yrs 33 - 37 yrs 38 - 42 yrs 43 yrsabove 25% . The biggest number of prostituted women fell in the prime ages of 18-22 years old (40 %), followed by the age group 23-27 years old (25 %), then the age group 28-32 years old (10 %), then the age group 38 – 43 years old (8 %), followed by the age group 33-37 years old (7 %), and the 14 – 17 years old (6 %). The smallest group consisted of those above 43 years old, which is 4 %. Prime time for offering service is between the ages of 18-32 years old. The figure reflects also the presence of minors in the system of prostitution beginning at age 14. The age group for Pimps showed significant polarization as they were distributed only in the older age groups from 28 years old to 43 years old and above. Homosexuals, who provided sexual services as gays and women, were limited to the age group 14 until 32 years old. 8 III. Educational Levels EDUCATIONALATTAINMENT 10% 3% High School Elementary College 87% High School Elementary College - 274 interviewees or 87 % 32 “ or 10 % 8 “ or 3 % Most of the interviewees (274 persons, or 87 %) were in high school when they left school or completed the high school course. Thirty two (32), or 10 %, finished the elementary course and eight, or 3 %, were in college level. Two (2) of the respondents interviewed had completed courses in Criminology and Nursing. IV. Income The table below shows the income generated nightly by the 314 respondents: NIGHTLY INCOME BRACKETS (PHP) Less than 500 500 – 1,000 1,100 – 1,500 1,600 – 2,000 2,100 – 3,000 Above 3,000 PROSTITUTED WOMEN 12 119 46 25 18 23 PIMPS 27 11 5 3 0 0 HOMOSEXUALS 10 11 4 0 0 0 TOTAL 49 141 55 28 18 23 % 15.61 44.90 17.52 8.92 5.73 7.32 9 243 TOTAL 46 25 314 100 Most of the respondents fell in the nightly income bracket of P500.00 – P1,000.00, where one hundred forty-one (141), or 44.90 %, belong; followed by fifty-five (55), or 17.52 %, earning between P1,100.00 – P1,500.00. Forty-nine (49), or 15.61 %, earned less than P500.00, while twenty-eight (28), or 8.92 %, earned P1,600.00 – P2,000.00. Eighteen (18), or 5.73 %, earned a nightly income of P2,100.00 – P3,000.00. The highest income of P3,000.00 and above was earned by 23 respondents, or 7.32 %. These respondents were those from the 18 – 22 year old age bracket, good-looking, with educational attainments of high school or college levels, and were booked from a joint along Timog Avenue. V. Places of Domicile Quezon City Manila Kalookan Pasay San Juan Bagong Silang Bulacan Mandaluyong Marikina Parañaque Navotas Montalban - 96 or 30.57 % 90 or 29.00 % 43 or 13.70 % 20 or 6.36 % 16 or 5.09 % 14 or 4.46 % 11 or 3.50 % 7 or 2.23 % 6 or 1.91 % 5 or 1.60 % 3 or 0.96 % 3 or 0.96 % Total Respondents - 314 The largest bulk of prostituted women, pimps, and homosexuals come from Quezon City, with 96, or 30.57 %; followed by Manila, with 90, or 29.00 %; then Kalookan, with 43, or 13.70 %; then Pasay with 20, or 6.36 %; San Juan with 16, or 5.09 %; Bagong Silang with 14, or 4.46%; then Bulacan with 11, or 3.50 %. Twenty-four (24) of the respondents come from various places such as Mandaluyong, Marikina, Parañaque, Navotas and Montalban. The figures reveal that majority of the respondents come from the big cities of Quezon, Manila, Kalookan, and Pasay. 10 VI. Home Provinces Visayas/Mindanao Metro Manila Bicol Ilocos Sur/Norte Nueva Ecija/Viscaya Batangas Cavite Pampanga Quezon Province Pangasinan - 154 or 49.04 % 48 or 15.29 % 23 or 7.32 % 17 or 5.41 % 16 or 5.10 % 14 or 4.46 % 13 or 4.14 % 11 or 3.50 % 9 or 2.87 % 9 or 2.87 % The data above show that the majority comes from the Visayas and Mindanao regions, followed by Metro Manila. The rest of the respondents come from other areas to the North and South of Manila. VII. Main Reasons for Prostitution When asked what drove them into the system of prostitution, the main reasons given by the respondents were as follows: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Poverty Under-employment or lack of employment opportunities Physical or sexual abuse Drug dependence and other vices Lack of education Peer influence TWO CASE REPORTS --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- In spite of the SAGIP-K’s strong campaign against the system of prostitution, and the existence of RA 9208 and CO 1516, it has been documented that men in uniform continue commit violations against the very laws they are committed to protect and uphold. The following cases were brought to the attention of SAGIP-K: In June 2004, six women complained that policemen from Police Station 2 in Baler detained them during the night. They were asked to shell out P100.00 per person, and their bags and valuables were confiscated by the policeman on duty. The next morning, one of the women’s money of P3,000.00 was discovered missing from her purse. However, no one wanted to take responsibility for its loss. The women brought their complaint to a SAGIP-K representative. In turn, the representative brought the women’s complaint to the attention of the Baler Station Commander. Two SAGIP-K volunteers accompanied the women to Station 2 for the ensuing investigation and identification of the culprits. The case is now pending at Camp Karingal. 11 A week later, a prostituted woman approached SAGIP-K to complain about being used and abused and made to take drugs by a policeman’s son and father. The complaint was lodged at Police Station 10 in Kamuning, and a CID investigated and identified the persons involved. These cases are but two of many stories that have been brought to the attention of SAGIP-K perpetrated by men in uniform, or even government officials. These were previously not brought to attention of authorities due to fear of reprisal and the absence of a group that could provide support and assistance for prostituted women and children. RECOMMENDATIONS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Last July 4, 2005, the Philippine Star published an article entitled “Cebu Acts Vs. Child Trafficking”. The article cited the 2005 Trafficking in Persons report published by the US State Department’s Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons, which placed the Philippines on the “Tier 2” watch list, due to the country’s failure to show evidence of increasing efforts to convict human traffickers. In the same report, the US State Department cited endemic poverty, high unemployment rates, cultural propensity toward migration, a weak rule-of-law environment, and sex tourism as factors contributing to the significant human trafficking in the Philippines. In this light, this study was conducted upon the request of Mayor Feliciano “SB” Belmonte, Jr. to verify estimated reports from the PNP that there were 250-300 prostituted women operating on Quezon Avenue. The study, which interviewed 314 respondents plying their trade along Quezon Avenue between November 12, 2004 and February 10, 2005, confirmed the findings of the 2005 Trafficking in Persons Report published by the US State Department. The study was conducted by the SAGIP KABABAIHAN or SAGIP-K. SAGIP-K is composed of civic-minded volunteers from local government units (LGUs), non-governmental organizations (NGOs), church groups, business establishments, and local residents. All of these people came together to help eradicate the system of prostitution along Quezon Avenue, and provide programs for the healing and recovery of the women and children victims of the system of prostitution. As a result of SAGIP-K’s operations and interactions with the women and children involved in prostitution, several recommendations to help eradicate this trade are suggested below: • Mobilize LGUs (Barangays) to head a local SAGIP-K group, which can serve as a watchdog and advocacy group in the local vicinity; • Conduct vigorous information campaigns about RA 9208 and CO 1516 throughout the city through the Barangay units; • Encourage media to participate in this information campaign; • Enlist the help of local business establishments and Chambers of Commerce to open job opportunities for women victims of prostitution who have been healed; • Ensure effective and swift prosecution of cases violating RA 9208 and CO 1516; and • Clean up police stations of men in uniform who have cases of involvement in the system of prostitution. 12 Finally, it is suggested that a healing and recovery center be established in Quezon City. This center would have the following objectives: Objectives of the Program: 1. Socio-Economic Empowerment • To promote proper health care and reproductive health care to prostituted women. • To equip them with skills that can be useful for their income-generation. • To create sustainable livelihood opportunities and employment for women. 2. Psycho-Spiritual Transformation and Development • To facilitate and process psycho-spiritual transformation and development of the women in prostitution towards healing and recovery: ¾ To provide a safe place or community for the women in prostitution. ¾ To help them regain a healthy self-esteem and allow their empowerment. ¾ To provide them a venue to reconnect with themselves, others, and God. ¾ To reintegrate them in the society or their families. ¾ To train potential leaders among them so that they are able to organize other women from the streets and bars. 3. Rescue Operations and Law Enforcement • To rescue prostituted women and channel them for intervention program. • To apprehend & prosecute pimps and customers. 4. Education • To provide prostituted women with literacy and educational programs. • To place their children in formal education or in school. The details of the objectives above are found in the Table attached (Exhibit A). A proposed budget also follows (Exhibit B) with the illustration plans of the Proposed Two-Storey Recovery and Healing Center (Exhibits C – F). There are laws and ordinances against prostitution. The government is mandated to show its political will and determination to implement these laws, save the women victims, and penalize the offenders. The citizenry has the moral obligation to protect the rights and dignity of Filipino women and children who are victims of human trafficking. By virtue of its dynamic leadership and citizenry, Quezon City is envisioned to play a major role in removing the Philippines from the “Tier 2” watchlist of the US State Department’s Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons in the next year or so. 13 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- This study would not have been possible without the support of the following: The Barangay South Triangle, headed by Punong Barangay and City Councilor Xyrus L. Lanot; Kagawads Jesus C. Ochoa, Alexander D.B. Santos, Sylvia G. Lazo, Joselito B. Galapin, Larry L. Handayan, Evangeline L. Lanot, Rodolfo E. Fernandez; SK Chairman Jayson G. Javier; Barangay Secretary Diana E. Tungpalan; and Barangay Treasurer Wilfredo B. Racca. Thanks also to the Barangay Personnel and Staff who did the typing needs for this study and other communications. The Barangay South Triangle BSDOs headed by Executive Officer Nelson O. Alcala; Deputies Antonio Celada, Ludovico Dumalasa, Salvador Caganda, and Dionisio Salonoy; Barangay Tanods Reynaldo Morillo, Catalino Tijol, Manuel Vargas, Remy Avendaño, Agripino Pirante, Reynaldo Geraldo, Eddie Bulan, Exequiel Gobres, Martin San Juan, Reynaldo Samera, Danilo Martinez, Edgar Asias, Leonardo Hilonggo, Cristopher Mallanao, Efren Castro, and Hernando Peque. Many thanks go to Barangay South Triangle CIDSS Coordinator Estrellita S. Palma for the nightly operations and collation of data. Health Workers Flor Subido, Adelfa Bugna, Linda Taguiam, and Morena Piedad are also acknowledged. Finally, we wish to acknowledge the SAGIP KABABAIHAN MOVEMENT, composed of the following: • Barangay South Triangle Council • The Philippine National Police Station 10, PCP Block 3, PCP Block 1 • The Philippine National Police Station 2 • Local Government Units: Metropolitan Manila Development Authority Department of the Interior and Local Government Quezon City Government: -Department of Public Order and Safety -Social Services Development Department -Parks Administration and Development Department -Community Relations Office -Engineering Department -City Planning and Development Office -Gender and Development (GAD) -Barangay Operations Center • Office of Vice-Mayor Herbert Bautista (represented by Dr. Anna Simon) • Office of Congresswoman Nanette Castelo-Daza 14 • Quezon City Districts IV and I local officials, with special thanks to the following: 1. Councilor Ariel Inton (District IV), represented by Mr. Ding Amparo 2. Councilor Bayani Hipol (District IV), represented by Mr. Sammy Magno 3. Councilor Resty Malangen (District IV), represented by Ms. Joy del Rosario 4. Councilor Edcel Lagman, Jr. (District IV), represented by Ms. Marissa Penuelo 5. Councilor Babes Malaya (District IV) 6. Councilor Nene Montilla (District IV) 7. Councilor Bernadette Herrera-Dy (District I) • Churches a. Capital City Alliance Church, which provides our venue for meetings - Represented by: 1. Pastor James and Mrs. Cecille Quisquirin 2. Pastor Noel and Mrs. Lalaine Manguhig 3. Other Pastors involved in SAGIP-K b. Sacred Heart Parish Church - Represented by Ms. Sonia Rass • Council of Community Elders - Represented by former Barangay Chairman Angie Diaz and former Kagawad Henry Chan • Non-Governmental Organization 1. SAMARITANA - Represented by Ms. Jenny Galvez and Jeanne Barcena 2. Rotary Club of South Triangle - Represented by Dr. Manny Guballa and Dir. Art Tarnate • Business Establishments 1. Kenny Rogers - Represented by Mr. Randy Lopena 2. National Bookstore - Represented by Mr. Willi Reyes 3. Hi-Top Supermarket 4. I - Bank 5. BPI Family Bank 6. PCI Equitable Bank 7. Asiatrust Bank • All other persons, including the prostituted women, pimps, and homosexuals, who provided this study with data and insights in their plight. • All other concerned individuals and establishments, who provided support to SAGIP-K. And most of all, to the Lord and Master of the Universe and all creations, the God of Love, Generosity, and Compassion, whose blessings and guidance continue to sustain SAGIP-K in its efforts to attain its goal.