Russian Revolution aspects: Animal Farm equivalents: Russian Revolution aspects: Animal Farm equivalents: People: Czar Nicholas II Farmer Jones People: Czar Nicholas II Farmer Jones Karl Marx & Vladimir Lenin Old Major (pig) Karl Marx & Vladimir Lenin Old Major (pig) Joseph Stalin Napoleon (pig) Joseph Stalin Napoleon (pig) Leon Trotsky Snowball (pig) Leon Trotsky Snowball (pig) Winston Churchill (Britain’s Prime Minister) Mr. Frederick-Pinchfield Farm Winston Churchill (Britain’s Prime Minister) Mr. Frederick-Pinchfield Farm Franklin Delano Roosevelt (USA’s President) Mr. Pilkington-Foxwood Farm Franklin Delano Roosevelt (USA’s President) Mr. Pilkington-Foxwood Farm Ways of force: Secret police (cheka; later known as KGB) Dogs Ways of force: Secret police (cheka; later known as KGB) Dogs Totalitarian force The pigs’ whips Totalitarian force The pigs’ whips The Great Purges (1928) & show trials Chapter 7 murders & trials The Great Purges (1928) & show trials Chapter 7 murders & trials Classes: Proletariat (illiterate peasants; called kulaks) Boxer (horse) Classes: Proletariat (illiterate peasants; called kulaks) Boxer (horse) Aristocracy (upper class; very wealthy) Mollie (horse) Aristocracy (upper class; very wealthy) Mollie (horse) Bureaucracy (Bolsheviks) Unnamed pigs Bureaucracy (Bolsheviks) Unnamed pigs Intelligentsia (intellectuals) Benjamin (donkey) Intelligentsia (intellectuals) Benjamin (donkey) Others: Religious clergy & organized religion Moses (raven) Others: Religious clergy & organized religion Moses (raven) Heaven / the after life Sugarcandy Mountain Heaven / the after life Sugarcandy Mountain Pravda newspaper & propagandist media Squealer (pig) Pravda newspaper & propagandist media Squealer (pig) Spread of Communism Pigeons Spread of Communism Pigeons The Kremlin The farmhouse The Kremlin The farmhouse Communism Animalism Communism Animalism Russia’s industrialization The building of the windmills Russia’s industrialization The building of the windmills Stalingrad Napoleon Mill Stalingrad Napoleon Mill L’Internationale (Song of the Communist party & Soviet Union until 1944) Beasts of England L’Internationale (Song of the Communist party & Soviet Union until 1944) Beasts of England “The Hymn of the Soviet Union” (Soviet Union’s national anthem after 1944; also called “Song of Stalin”) “Comrade Napoleon” “The Hymn of the Soviet Union” (Soviet Union’s national anthem after 1944; also called “Song of Stalin”) “Comrade Napoleon”