Unit Three: A Century of Change 1815-1914
Big Picture
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Chapter 13: Industrial Revolution (IR) and its Impact on Society
Book
I. A Fundamental Change
Class
Overview
A. Spread of IR by 1850
1. Revolution in Transportation
Canals
a. Railroads and Steam
2. Industrialization in North America
3. Industrialization in Continental Europe
Belgium- banks
Zollverein
B. The Second IR
1. Sea Based Transportation/Communication
Mass Transport
a. Suez/Panama Canals
2. Spread of Industrialization
a. Russia
b. Japan
II. Social Effects of Industrialization
A. Change
Working Conditions
Child Labor
1. Population Growth
Factory Act of 1833
a. Irish Potato Famine
2. Rural and Urban Environments
3. Urban Problems
Public Health Movement
Urban Planning
a. Crime/Police
4. Social Class Distinctions
a. Bourgeoisie (Middle Class)
b. Proletariat (working class)
Poor houses
B. Family Life
Changing Family
1. Women’s Work
Child rearing: Lower class
2. Middle Class Women
Child rearing: middle class
a. Cult of Domesticity
C. Demographic Transition
Migration/Immigration
D. Reactions to Industrialization: Reform and Radicalism
1. Laissez Faire
2. Socialism
a. Utopias
b. Karl Marx: The Communist Manifesto
3. Labor Unions
Combination Acts
4. Luddites
a. Chartists
Debate about IR
Chapter 14: Restoration, Ideologies, and Upheavals 1815-1850
I. Restoration
A. Congress of Vienna
1. Key Players
2. Balance of Power, including
a. German Confederation
b. Netherlands
c. Prussia
d. Austria/Italy
e. England and Russia
3. Holy Alliance
Quadruple Alliance
a. Concert of Europe
Evaluation of Congress of Vienna
II. 19th Century Ideologies
A. Conservatives
1. Edmund Burke
B. Liberals
2. Bourgeoisie
John Stuart Mill
David Ricardo
Thomas Malthus
C. Radicals
1. Republicanism
French Socialism
2. Socialists
Utilitarianism
D. Nationalism
Marx: Dialectical Materialism
Johann Gottfried Herder
1. Self Determination
Early Nationalist Movements
E. Romanticism
1. Romanticism vs. Classicism
Emotion vs. Reason
2. Characteristics
a. Sentimentalism
b. Individualism
c. Interest in the Past
d. Unusual
Early Romantics
3. Romantic Literature
a. Poetry
Other Literature
b. Music: Beethoven
c. Art
d. Romanticism and Ideology
Other Musicians
Architecture: Gothic Revival
i.
Victor Hugo
Johann Gottfried Herder (again)
III. Pillars of Conservatism
A. The Big Three
1. Russia
a. Alexander I
Decembrist Uprising 1825
b. Nicholas I
Slavophiles/westernizers
2. Austria
a. Carlsbad decrees
German Confederation (bund)
3. Prussia
a. Zollverein
B. Conservatives Elsewhere
1. England: Tories vs. Whigs
Corn Laws
2. France: Louis XVIII and Charles X
Charter of 1814
IV. Reform and Revolution
A. Minor Ripples
1. Spain
2. Italy
3. Revolution in the Americas
4. Greece
5. Liberal Reform In England
Religious Reform
a. Peterloo Massacre
b. Reform Bill of 1833
c. Anti- Corn Laws
B. Revolutions of 1830
1. France: July Revolution
Poor Law 1834
a. Louis Philippe: Citizen King
2. Belgium
3. Italy
Giuseppe Mazzini
Risorgimento
3. Poland
C. Revolutions of 1848: The Springtime of the Peoples
1. France
a. June Days
2. Prussia
a. Frankfurt Assembly
Humiliation of Olmutz
3. Austria
a. Hungary
b. Bohemia
4. Italy
Evaluation of 1848
Chapter 15: Age of Nationalism, Realism and Mass Politics 1850-1914
I. Europe in 1850
A. France Under Napoleon II
1. Second Republic
a. Plebiscite
2. Second Empire
a. Economic prosperity
Haussmann
Baron George von
b. International Affairs
B. Crimean War
Causes
1. Technology and War
Florence Nightingale
2. Results of War
Peace of Paris
C. Italian Unification
1. Early Attempts: Mazzini (the visionary)
Sardinia
2. Camillo di Cavour (the Statesman)
Plombiere
3. Giuseppe Garibaldi (the Revolutionary)
Red Shirts
4. Unification
D. Unification of Germany
Grossdeutsch/kleindeutsch
1. Rise of Bismarck
“Blood and Iron”
a. Realpolitik
2. War as a Means to Unify
a. War with Denmark
b. War with Austria
3. Franco-Prussia War
Ems Dispatch
a. German Empire
II. Nation Building 1850-1914
A.
Mass Politics
1. France: After Napoleon III
a. Paris Commune
b. Third Republic
Boulanger Crisis
c. Dreyfus Affair
i. Emile Zola
2. Hapsburg Empire
Austria in Decline
a. Dual Monarchy
b. Pan Slavism
3. Russia: The Reform Era
Emancipation Act
a. Zemstevos
b. Industrialization
Count S Y Witte
c. Political Unrest
i. Intelligentsia
ii. Anarchists
Alexander III
iii. Marxism-Leninism
Nicholas II
d. Revolution of 1905
Russo-Japanese War
4. Britain: Toward Democracy
a. Evolution of Monarchy
i. Victorian Age
b. Parliamentary Reform
Fabian Society
i. Conservative: Benjamin Disraeli
ii. Liberals: William Gladstone
Australian Ballot
c. Irish Home Rule
III. Realism in the Sciences and Arts
A. Science
1. Louis Pasteur
Joseph Lister
2. Dmitri Mendeleev
Michael Faraday
Ernest Rutherford
3. New Physics
a. Albert Einstein
4. Charles Darwin and Evolution
a. Social Darwinism
B. Social Sciences
August Comte: Sociology
a. Sigmund Freud: Psychoanalysis
C. The Arts
1. Realism in Literature
Honore de Balzac
Leo Tolstoy
Henrik Ibsen
2. Art
a. Realism
b. Impressionism
i. Artists
c. Post- Impressionism
IV. Age of Mass Politics
A. Suffrage
1. Universal Manhood Suffrage
2. Women’s Suffrage
a. Great Britain
B. Minority Rights
1. Jewish Rights
a. Pogroms
2. Labor Movements
a. Socialism
Life at the Fin de Siècle
Belle Époque
Leisure Activities
Chapter 16: Imperialism and International Rivalries
I. What is Imperialism?
Old Imperialism
A. Why do it?
New Imperialism
B. Types of Imperialism
1. Colonial
2. Political
Missionary
3. Economic
4. Socio-cultural
C. Forms of Imperialism
1. Tropical Dependency
Social Darwinism
2. Settler Colonies
“White Man’s Burden”
D. Industrialization and Imperialism
II. Examples of Imperialism
A. British Empire in India
1. British East India Co
a. Black Hole of Calcutta
2. Rule by the East India Co
a. Anglo-Indian Relations
3. Sepoy Rebellion
4. British Imperial Rule
a. Durbars
Robert Clive
b. Econ Impact
5. Indian Nationalism
a. Indian National Congress
B. Southeast Asia
1. Dutch Colonies
Japan
2. British Colonies
Russo-Japanese War
3. French Colonies
C. China
1. Opium Wars
2. Unequal Treaties
a. Spheres of Influence
D. Africa
1. North Africa
a. Egypt: British
Sudan
b. Algeria: French
Tunisia/Morocco
2. South Africa
a. Shaka Zulu
i.
Boers
Boer War
b. Cecil Rhodes
3. Explorers and Missionaries
4. Scramble for Africa
a. Berlin Conference
E. Pacific
1. Australia and New Zealand
2. Islands
Germany
Italy
III. Global Changes From Imperialism
A. Issues
1. Economic
2. Labor
Demography
3. Social
4. Scientific Racism
B. International Rivalries
1. Bismarck’s Demise
2. Crisis in the Balkans
a. Balkan League