Ground shaking
Ground turns to mud
- ‘liquefaction’
Children, elderly and
disabled are not
strong enough to
escape
Minor wounds become
infected in
contaminated water
Tsunamis (harbour
wave) travel across
oceans
Not enough resources
for rescue
Building walls crack,
tall buildings topple
Roads blocked by
fallen buildings
People have no shelter
– some die from
exposure
People trapped
Rescue services
delayed / destroyed
No water to fight the
fires because pipes
are broken
Gas pipes rupture
Water supplies
contaminated
Bridges collapse,
making relief difficult
Fires start from
cookers and gas
Dead bodies begin to
decompose.
Factories are
destroyed, making the
country poorer.
Water pipes rupture
People lose all
possessions and
shelter
Crops are lost
through flooding, ash,
mudslides or storms
Steep hillsides
landslide
Food supplies run
short
Lava, bombs and
pyroclastic flows
destroy land and
towns
Looting results from
loss of law and order
Rail lines broken as
the ground moves
Runways damaged by
ground movement
Fishing boats lost in
tsunamis mean less
fish to eat.
People on the coast
swept out to sea, or
killed by debris.