TH5401-FAS10
Readings in the Theology of St. Thomas Aquinas
Princeton Theological Seminary
Prof. Ellen Charry (ellen.charry@ptsem.edu) Office hours by appointment
Preceptor: Adam Eitel (adam.eitel@ptsem.edu) Office Hours: Thursdays by
appointment
Tutorial: Thursdays, 11am - 12pm (MacKay)
Class Lunch: Tuesday (Charry) & Thursday (Eitel) after class
Place: Stuart 3
Meeting times: Except for the first day that begins at 10.30, class will meet 9-noon on
scheduled days with one short break as it fits the day’s schedule. There will be
scheduled study/research days each week as noted below.
Course Description & Rationale: Thomas Aquinas is the most influential western
medieval Christian theologian. Living a scant 49 years, the “Dumb Ox” as he was
affectionately called in his lifetime, is now known as the “Angelic doctor” of the church. We
will study the three treatises that conclude of the first half of part two of his massive
summary of Christian theology: the treatise on Law in general, the treatise on the “Old
Law”, and the treatise on the “Gospel of Grace,” the new law that presages and frames his
ethics in the second half of the second part of the Summa Theologiae.
Perhaps Aquinas’s greatest contribution to theology is his grounding Christian belief and
practice in the doctrine of creation in opposition to the Manichaeism of his day. These three
treatises give us access to his turn to creation. They are central to the formation of
theological scholasticism that delineates Christian doctrine comprehensively and precisely.
Appreciating Aquinas in his own context is requisite for understanding the unity of
knowledge that was the triumph of his age and its subsequent collapse that has reached a
fever pitch in our own day. The three treatises on law are especially apt for study because
their 19 questions cover interests central to Protestant concerns and continuing reflection
on the relationship of law and grace in Christian theology.
Instructional Objectives:
1. Students to learn to read the Summa Theologiae
2. Students will become acquainted with central themes in the work of Thomas Aquinas.
3. Students will interact with important scholarship on Aquinas.
4. Students will improved their skills in research and writing.
Required Books (at Cokesbury):
Aquinas, Thomas. Treastise on Law: The Complete Text. Alfred J. Freddoso, tr. South Bend:
St. Augustine’s Press, 2009.
Hood, John Y. B., Aquinas and the Jews. Phila: U PA Press, 1995.
Requirements:
1. Registered students are expected to do all of the required readings prior to each
class and be prepared to discuss them in a careful and informed manner.
2. Each student will make three presentations during the course selected from
among the following categories. Sign up for presentations on the Blackboard sign-up
sheet.
a. Primary material—one question or part of one question in the Summa. The
student presenter should spell out the substance and significance of the
question Aquinas addresses, the development of the argument of the articles
with their various objections, authorities, and alternatives he considers, and
the merit of the position he develops and defends.
b. Required secondary material--student will examine how the assigned
scholarship elucidates the primary material for the day, locates it in
Aquinas's corpus, and draws the class into deeper discussion of the primary
text.
c. Reports: There are three types of report.
i.Source reports: These aim to deepen our knowledge of Aquinas by
covering an important background text from which he likely drew
inspiration. The reporter in this case should describe the background
text and suggest how Thomas might have appropriated it in his own
thought.
ii.Parallel reports: These examine another works of Thomas (e.g. a biblical
commentary, the Summa contra Gentiles) that contains a parallel
treatment of a selected topic related to the course. This type of report
should note the similarities and differences between each treatment,
suggest reasons for their relevant differences, note what those
differences amount to, and so forth.
iii.Reports on scholarship: These will add resonance to our understanding of
Thomas and Thomism by acquainting us with contemporary
exegetical disputes and important scholarship on selected topics
related to the course. The reporter should describe the current status
of the scholarship on the topic of discussion, and suggest what we
ought to make of it.
These presentations will often require additional reading and reflection. To that end, the
student should develop a brief bibliography and draft a paper of approximately 5 pages to
be shared with the class at the appropriate meeting. Papers should be available to the class
prior to presentation in class posted on the class BB blog. Final submission of these
presentations will be on 24 January when all final work for this term is due.
NB: Grading structure for the course will be worked out in consultation with students to
maximize the pedagogical utility of the course to students’ needs.
Electronic Resources:
1. Aquinas Studies Bibliographies - A list of bibliographies related to the work of
Aquinas.
2. Bibliographia Thomistica - A search engine for scholarship related to the work of
Thomas Aquinas.
3. Corpus Thomisticum - Includes a full edition of the complete works of St. Thomas
according, where possible, to the best critical texts; a bibliography covering all the
studies on Aquinas and his doctrine, from the 13th century to the present; an index
of the main tools of Thomistic research; a search engine to search, compare, and sort
words, phrases, quotations, similitudes, correlations, and statistical information in
the works of Aquinas; a digital edition of the main manuscripts of Aquinas' works.
4. The Ecole Initiative - A hypertext encyclopedia of Church history through 1500.
5. Periodicals - A list of periodicals related to the study of Aquinas.
6. Online Lexicon - A lexicon of terms used in the work of Aquinas. The lexicon is
currently available in Latin and German.
7. Summa Theologica - A translation of the Summa by the Fathers of the English
Dominican Provovince.
8. Thomas Aquinas in English: A Bibliography - Thérèse Bonin´s very detailed list of
(partial) English translations, including those available on the web.
9. Thomas Institut te Utrecht - a consortium of theologians, philosophers and
historians from several universities and institutes in the Netherlands, specialised in
the study of the work of Thomas Aquinas.
Schedule of Readings
Mon 3 Jan
Tu 4 Jan
Required:
10:30 AM
Introduction and Preparation Day
Entering the Conversation
1.
Herbert McCabe, On Aquinas (London: Continuum, 2008), 1-6.
2.
Servais-Théodore Pinckaers, “Sources of the Ethics of Saint Thomas Aquinas,” in The
Ethics of Aquinas, ed. Stephen J. Pope (Georgetown Univ Press, 2002), 17-29.
3.
Porter, Jean, “Right Reason and the Love of God: The Parameters of Aquinas’ Moral
Theology,” in The Theology of Thomas Aquinas, ed. Rik Van Nieuwenhove and Joseph P.
Wawrykow (Notre Dame, Ind: University of Notre Dame Press, 2005), 167-191.
Etienne Gilson, The Christian Philosophy of St. Thomas Aquinas (Notred Dame:
University of Notre Dame Press, 1956), 264-270.
Recommended:
4.
Bruce Marshall, “Quod Scint Una Uetula: Aquinas on the Nature of Theology,” in The
Theology of Thomas Aquinas (Notre Dame, Ind: University of Notre Dame Press, 2005), 136.
Wed 5 Jan
Law
Required:
1.
ST I-II 90-92
2.
John Cuddeback, “Law as an extrinsic principle of action in Aquinas” (Dissertation,
Washington, D: The Catholic University of America, 1997), 38-104.
Reports:
1.
Augustine, “On the Free Choice of the Will,” in On the Free Choice of the Will, On
Grace and Free Choice, and Other Writings, trans. Peter King (Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 2010), I.5-6.
2.
Aquinas, Commentary on Psalms, Ps. 48:21
(http://www4.desales.edu/~philtheo/loughlin/ATP/Psalm_48.html)
3.
Anton-Hermann Chroust, “Philosophy of Law of St. Thomas Aquinas: His
Fundamental Ideas and Some of His Historical Precursors, The,” American Journal of
Jurisprudence 19 (1974): 1.
4.
Thomas Prügl, “Thomas Aquinas as Interpreter of Scripture,” in The Theology of
Thomas Aquinas, ed. Rik Van Nieuwenhove and Joseph Pete Wawrykow (Notre Dame, Ind:
University of Notre Dame Press, 2005), 386-415.
Thurs 6 Jan
Fri 7 Jan
Required:
1.
ST I-II 93-94
Study/Research Day
Eternal Law and Natural Law
2.
John R Bowlin, “Natural Law and the Limits of Contingency,” in Contingency and
Fortune in Aquina's Ethics, Cambridge studies in religion and critical thought 6 (Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 1999), 93-137.
Reports:
1.
Patrick Farrell, “Sources of St. Thomas' Concept of Natural Law,” The Thomist 20
(1957): 237-294.
2.
John R. Bowlin, “Nature's Grace: Aquinas and Wittgenstein on Natural Law and
Moral Knowledge,” in Grammar and Grace: Reformulations of Aquinas and Wittgenstein, ed.
Jeffrey Stout and Robert MacSwain (London: SCM, 2004), 154-174.
3.
Parsons, Susan F., “Concerning Natural Law: The Turn in American Aquinas
Scholarship,” in Contemplating Aquinas: On the Varieties of Interpretation, ed. Fergus Kerr,
Faith in reas (London: SCM, 200).
4.
Aquinas, Lectures on the Letter to the Romans, Rom. 1:18-32.
(www.aquinas.avemaria.edu/Aquinas_on_Romans.pdf)
5.
Eugene Rogers, “The Narrative of the Natural Law in Aquinas’s Commentary on
Romans 1,” Theological Studies 59/2 (1998): 254-276.
6.
Russell Hittinger, “Natural Law as ‘Law,’” American Journal of Jurisprudence 39
(1994): 1-32.
Mon 10 Jan
Human Law
Required:
1.
I-II 95-97
2.
Daniel. Westberg, “The Relation Between Positive and Natural Law In Aquinas,” The
Journal of Law and Religion (1994): 1–22.
Reports:
1.
Augustine, On the Free Choice of the Will, On Grace and Free Choice, and Other
Writings (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010), I.5-6
2.
A.J. Lisska, “The Philosophy of Law of Thomas Aquinas,” A History of the Philosophy
of Law from the Ancient Greeks to the Scholastics (2007): 285–310.
3.
Aquinas, Lectures on the Letter to the Romans, Rom. 8:1-2.
(www.aquinas.avemaria.edu/Aquinas_on_Romans.pdf)
4.
Aristotle, “The Politics,” in Aristotle: The Politics and the Constitution of Athens
(Cambridge University Press, 1996), II.5.
Tu 11 Jan
Required:
Old Law and Moral Precepts of the Old Law
1.
2.
ST I-II 98-100
J. Y.B Hood, Aquinas and the Jews (Univ of Pennsylvania Press, 1995), ix-18.
Reports:
1.
Augustine, On the Spirit and the Letter in Answer to the Pelagians I, ed. John E.
Rotelle, Works of Saint Augustine (New City Press, 1997), XIV.
2.
Aquinas, Commentary on St. Paul’s Epistle to the Galatians, Gal. 3:14-23
(http://www.josephkenny.joyeurs.com/CDtexts/SSGalatians.htm)
3.
Aquinas, Commentary on the Second Epistle to the Corinthians, 2Cor.3:6
( http://www.aquinas.avemaria.edu/Aquinas-Corinthians-Sec2.pdf
)
4.
Randall B. Smith, “From the Old Law to the Natural Law,” in How the Old Law Shows
Forth the Precepts of the Natural Law: A Commentary On Certain Questions Concerning the
Law in the Summa of Theology of Thomas Aquinas, 1-35.
5.
Pseudo-Dionysius, “The Divine Names,” in Pseudo Dionysius: The Complete Works
(Paulist Press, 1987), IV.
Wed 12 Jan
Ceremonial Precepts of the Old Law
Required:
1.
ST I-II 101-102.4
2.
J. Y.B Hood, Aquinas and the Jews (Univ of Pennsylvania Press, 1995), 19-61.
Reports:
1.
Aquinas, Commentary by Saint Thomas Aquinas on the Epistle to the Colossians, Col.
2:16-17 (http://www.josephkenny.joyeurs.com/CDtexts/SSColossians.htm)
2.
T. S Hibbs, “Divine Irony and the Natural Law: Speculation and Edification in
Aquinas,” International Philosophical Quarterly 30 (1990): 419–29.
3.
Pseudo-Dionysius, “The Celestial Hierarchy,” in Pseudo Dionysius: The Complete
Works (Paulist Press, 1987), I.
Th 13 Jan
Study/Research Day
Fri 14 Jan
Ceremonial Precepts of the Old Law
Required:
1.
ST I-II 102.5-103
2.
J. Y.B Hood, Aquinas and the Jews (Univ of Pennsylvania Press, 1995), 62-77.
Reports:
1.
Randall B. Smith, “Divine Law and Natural Law,” in How the Old Law Shows Forth the
Precepts of the Natural Law: A Commentary On Certain Questions Concerning the Law in the
Summa of Theology of Thomas Aquinas, 36-75
2.
Aquinas, Lectures on the Letter to the Romans, Rom. 4:9
(www.aquinas.avemaria.edu/Aquinas_on_Romans.pdf)
3.
Aquinas, Commentary on the Book of Job, Job 38:33
(http://www.josephkenny.joyeurs.com/CDtexts/SSJob.htm)
4.
Aquinas, Commentary on the First Epistle to the Corinthians, 2Cor.3:6
(www.aquinas.avemaria.edu/Aquinas-Corinthians-Sec2.pdf)
5.
Commentary on the First Epistle to the Corinthians, 1Cor. 5:7
(www.aquinas.avemaria.edu/Aquinas-Corinthians.pdf)
6.
Moses Maimonides, The Guide of the Perplexed, Abridged. (Hackett Pub Co, 1995), III.
(http://www.teachittome.com/seforim2/seforim/the_guide_for_the_perplexed.pdf OR
http://www.ccel.org/ccel/maimonides/guide.i.html)
Mon 17 Jan MLK Day
Tues 18 Jan Judicial Precepts of the Old Law
Required:
1.
ST I-II 104-105
2.
J. Y.B Hood, Aquinas and the Jews (Univ of Pennsylvania Press, 1995), 78-106..
Reports:
1.
Aquinas, Commentary on the Epistle to the Hebrews, Heb. 7:12
(http://www.josephkenny.joyeurs.com/CDtexts/SSHebrews.htm)
2.
Aquinas, Commentary on St. Paul’s Epistle to the Galatians, Gal. 3:14-23
(http://www.josephkenny.joyeurs.com/CDtexts/SSGalatians.htm)
3.
Aquinas, Lectures on the Letter to the Romans, Rom. 8:8
(www.aquinas.avemaria.edu/Aquinas_on_Romans.pdf)
4.
Augustine, Augustine: The City of God against the Pagans (Cambridge University
Press, 1998), II.21.
5.
S. J Casselli, “The Threefold Division of the Law in the Thought of Aquinas,”
Westminster Theological Journal 61, no. 2 (1999): 175–208.
6.
Douglas Kries, “Thomas Aquinas and the Politics of Moses,” The Review of Politics 52,
no. 01 (1990): 84-104.
Wed 19 Jan
Required:
New Law
1.
I-II 106
2.
Eugene Rogers, “Eclipse of the Spirit in Thomas Aquinas” in Grammar and Grace:
Reformulations of Aquinas and Wittgenstein (London: SCM, 2004), 136-153.
Reports:5
1. Commentary on St. Paul’s Epistle to the Galatians, Gal. 3; 5:22-2
(http://www.josephkenny.joyeurs.com/CDtexts/SSGalatians.htm)
2. Augustine, On the Spirit and the Letter in Answer to the Pelagians I, ed. John E. Rotelle,
Works of Saint Augustine (New City Press, 1997), XXIV.
3. Augustine, On the Spirit and the Letter in Answer to the Pelagians I, ed. John E. Rotelle,
Works of Saint Augustine (New City Press, 1997), XVII.
4. Augustine, On the Spirit and the Letter in Answer to the Pelagians I, ed. John E. Rotelle,
Works of Saint Augustine (New City Press, 1997), XVIII.
5. Aquinas, Lectures on the Letter to the Romans, Rom. 3:27 8:2
(www.aquinas.avemaria.edu/Aquinas_on_Romans.pdf)
Thurs 20 Jan
Comparison of Old and New Law
Required:
1.
ST I-II 107
2.
Pamela Hall, “The Old Law and the New Law,” in The Ethics of Aquinas, ed. Stephen J.
Pope (Georgetown Univ Press, 2002), 194-206.
Reports:
1.
Aquinas, Commentary on the Gospel of John, John, 7:39.
(www.josephkenny.joyeurs.com/CDtexts/SSJohn.htm)
2.
Aquinas, Commentary on the Gospel of John, John, 5:46.
(www.josephkenny.joyeurs.com/CDtexts/SSJohn.htm)
3.
Augustine, Commentary on the Lord's Sermon on the Mount (Catholic University of
America Press, 2001), I, XIX.
(http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf106.v.i.html)
Fri 21 Jan
Content of the New Law
Required:
1.
ST I-II 108
2.
Mary M. Keys, “Aquinas's Two Pedagogies: A Reconsideration of the Relation
between Law and Moral Virtue,” American Journal of Political Science 45, no. 3 (July 2001):
519-531.
Reports:
1.
Aquinas, Commentary on the Gospel of John, John, 1:14-17.
(www.josephkenny.joyeurs.com/CDtexts/SSJohn.htm)
2.
Augustine, Commentary on the Lord's Sermon on the Mount (Catholic University of
America Press, 2001), I.1, 19. (http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf106.v.i.html)
3.
Aquinas, Commentary on the Gospel of John, John, 1:14-20.
(www.josephkenny.joyeurs.com/CDtexts/SSJohn.htm)
Mon 24 Jan
Final papers due at 12:00pm.
Research Bibliography: Aquinas on Law
Bowlin, John R. Contingency and Fortune in Aquinas's Ethics. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 1999.
———. “Natural Law and the Limits of Contingency.” In Contingency and Fortune in
Aquina's Ethics. Cambridge studies in religion and critical thought 6. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 1999.
_______. “Nature's Grace: Aquinas and Wittgenstein on Natural Law and Moral Knowledge.”
In Grammar and Grace: Reformulations of Aquinas and Wittgenstein, edited by Jeffrey
Stout and Robert MacSwain, 154-1. London: SCM, 2004.
Casselli, S. J. “The Threefold Division of the Law in the Thought of Aquinas.” Westminster
Theological Journal 61, no. 2 (1999): 175–208.
Chroust, Anton-Hermann. “Philosophy of Law of St. Thomas Aquinas: His Fundamental
Ideas and Some of His Historical Precursors, The.” American Journal of Jurisprudence
19 (1974): 1.
Contemplating Aquinas: On the Varieties of Interpretation. London: SCM, 200.
Cuddeback, John. “Law as an extrinsic principle of action in Aquinas.” Dissertation,
Washington, D: The Catholic University of America, 1997.
———. “Law: Its Nature and It's Kinds.” In Law as an extrinsic principle of action in Aquinas,
38-104. Washington, D: The Catholic University of America, 1997.
Elders, L., and K. Hedwig. Lex et Libertas. Freedom and Law according to St. Thomas Aquinas.
Studi Tomistici 30. Rome, 1987.
Farrell, Patrick. “Sources of St. Thomas' Concept of Natural Law.” The Thomist 20 (1957):
237-294.
Finnis, John. Natural law and natural rights. Clarendon law series. Oxford [Oxfordshire]
New York: Clarendon Press ; Oxford University Press, 1980.
Grammar and Grace: Reformulations of Aquinas and Wittgenstein. London: SCM, 2004.
Hall, Pamela. “The Old Law and the New Law.” In The Ethics of Aquinas, edited by Stephen J.
Pope, 194-206. Georgetown Univ Press, 2002.
Hall, Pamela M. Narrative and the natural law : an interpretation of Thomistic ethics. Notre
Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1998.
Hibbs, T. S. “Divine Irony and the Natural Law: Speculation and Edification in Aquinas.”
International Philosophical Quarterly 30 (1990): 419–29.
Hibbs, Thomas Stewart. “The Pedagogy of Law and Virtue in the "summa Theologiae"
(aquinas).” United States -- Indiana: University of Notre Dame,, 1987.
http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=753020851&Fmt=7&clientId=17210&RQT=
309&VName=PQD.
Hitinger, Russell. “Natural Law as 'Law'.” American Journal of Jurisprudence 39, no. 1994
(n.d.): 1-32.
Hittinger, Russell. A critique of the new natural law theory. Revisions. Notre Dame, Ind.:
University of Notre Dame Press, 1987.
Hood, J. Y.B. Aquinas and the Jews. Univ of Pennsylvania Press, 1995.
Kries, Douglas. “Thomas Aquinas and the Politics of Moses.” The Review of Politics 52, no. 01
(1990): 84-104.
Lisska, A. J. “The Philosophy of Law of Thomas Aquinas.” A History of the Philosophy of Law
from the Ancient Greeks to the Scholastics (2007): 285–310.
Lisska, A. J, and B. Tierney. “Philosophy of Law in the Later Middle Ages.” In A History of the
Philosophy of Law from the Ancient Greeks to the Scholastics, 311–333. Dordrecht,
The Netherlands: Springer, 2007.
McCabe, Herbert. On Aquinas. London: Continuum, 2008.
Nelson, Daniel Mark. The priority of prudence : virtue and natural law in Thomas Aquinas
and the implications for modern ethics. University Park, Pa.: Pennsylvania State
University Press, 1992.
Parsons, Susan F. “Concerning Natural Law: The Turn in American Aquinas Scholarship.” In
Contemplating Aquinas: On the Varieties of Interpretation, edited by Fergus Kerr.
Faith in reas. London: SCM, 200.
Pesch, O. H. “Paul as Professor of Theology: The Image of the Apostle in St. Thomas’s
Theology,”.” The Thomist 38 (1974): 584–605.
Pinckaers, Servais. Morality : the Catholic view. South Bend, Ind.: St. Augustine's Press,
2001.
———. The Sources of Christian Ethics. Washington, D.C: Catholic University of America
Press, 199.
Pinckaers, Servais, John Berkman, and Craig Steven Titus. The Pinckaers reader : renewing
Thomistic moral theology. Washington, D.C.: Catholic University of America Press,
2005. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip0415/2004003344.html.
Pinckaers, Servais-Théodore. “Sources of the Ethics of Saint Thomas Aquinas.” In The Ethics
of Aquinas, edited by Stephen J. Pope, 17-29. Georgetown Univ Press, 2002.
Pope, Stephen J. The ethics of Aquinas. Moral traditions series. Washington, D.C.:
Georgetown University Press, 2002.
Porter, Jean. Natural and divine law : reclaiming the tradition for Christian ethics. Saint Paul
University series in ethics. Ottawa: Novalis, 1999.
———. Nature as reason : a Thomistic theory of the natural law. Grand Rapids, Mich.: W.B.
Eerdmans Pub. Co., 2004.
Porter, Jean. “Right Reason and the Love of God: The Parameters of Aquinas’ Moral
Theology.” In The Theology of Thomas Aquinas, edited by Rik Van Nieuwenhove and
Joseph Pete Wawrykow, 167-191. Notre Dame, Ind: University of Notre Dame Press,
2005.
Prügl, Thomas. “Thomas Aquinas as Interpreter of Scripture.” In The Theology of Thomas
Aquinas, edited by Rik Van Nieuwenhove and Joseph Pete Wawrykow, 386-415.
Notre Dame, Ind: University of Notre Dame Press, 2005.
Schoot, H., and P. Valkenberg. “Thomas Aquinas and Judaism.” Modern Theology 20, no. 1
(2004): 51–70.
Smith, Randall B. “From the Old Law to the Natural Law.” In How the Old Law Shows Forth
the Precepts of the Natural Law: A Commentary On Certain Questions Concerning the
Law in the Summa of Theology of Thomas Aquinas, 1-35, n.d.
Smith, Randall Brian. “How the Old Law Shows Forth the Precepts of the Natural Law: A
Commentary on Certain Questions Concerning the Law in the "Summa of Theology"
of Thomas Aquinas.” United States -- Indiana: University of Notre Dame,, 1998.
http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=738062751&Fmt=7&clientId=17210&RQT=
309&VName=PQD.
Torrell, Jean-Pierre. Aquinas's Summa: Background, Structure, & Reception. Washington,
D.C: Catholic University of America Press, 2005.
———. Saint Thomas Aquinas. Washington, D.C: Catholic University of America Press, 1996.
Westerman, Pauline C. The disintegration of natural law theory : Aquinas to Finnis. Brill's
studies in intellectual history, Leiden ; New York: Brill, 1998.
General Bibliography
Bobik, Joseph, and Thomas. Aquinas on matter and form and the elements : a translation and
interpretation of the De principiis naturae and the De mixtione elementorum of St.
Thomas Aquinas. Notre Dame, Ind.: University of Notre Dame Press, 1998.
Bowlin, John R. Contingency and fortune in Aquina's ethics. Cambridge studies in religion and
critical thought. Cambridge ; New York: Cambridge University Press, 1999.
Boyle O.P., Leonard E. The Setting of the "Summa Theologiae" of Saint Thomas. Toronto:
Pontifical Institute of Medieval Studies, 1982.
Brock, Stephen. Action and Conduct: Thomas Aquinas and the Theory of Action. Edinburgh:
T&T Clark, 1998.
Dauphinais, Michael, Barry David, and Matthew Levering. Aquinas the Augustinian.
Washington, D.C.: Catholic University of America Press, 2007.
http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip0619/2006026346.html.
Dihle, Albrecht. The theory of will in classical antiquity. Sather classical lectures v. 48. Berkeley:
University of California Press, 1982.
Elders, L. “Le Saint-Espirit et la 'Lex Nova' dans les commentaires bibliques de S. Thomas
d'Aquin.” In Credo in Spiritum Sanctum, Atti del Congresso Teologico Internazionale di
Pneumatologia, 1195-1205. Vatican City, 1983.
Elders, L., and K. Hedwig. Lex et Libertas. Freedom and Law according to St. Thomas Aquinas.
Studi Tomistici 30. Rome, 1987.
Emery, Gilles. La théologie trinitaire de saint Thomas d'Aquin. Théologies. Paris: Cerf, 2004.
———. Trinity in Aquinas. Ypsilanti, Mich.: Sapientia Press of Ave Maria College, 2003.
———. Trinity, church, and the human person : Thomistic essays. Faith & reason : studies in
Catholic theology & philosophy. Naples, FL.: Sapientia Press of Ave Maria University,
2007.
Eugene F. Rogers, Jr. “The Eclipse of the Spirit in Thomas Aquinas.” In Grammar and grace:
reformulations of Aquinas and Wittgenstein, edited by Jeffrey Stout and Robert
MacSwain, 136-153. London: SCM, 2004.
Ferraro, G. “Aspetti di pneumatologia nell'esegesi di S. Tommaso d'Aquino dell' Epistola ai
Romani.” Euntes Docete 36 (1983): 51-78.
———. “Il tema dello Spirito nel Commento di San Tommaso d'Aquino dell'Epistola agli Ebrei
(Annotazioni di dottrina e di esegesi tomista).” ST 13 (1981): 172-88.
———. “Interpretazione dei testi pneumatologici biblici nel tratto trinitario della 'Summa
theologiae' di san Tommaso d'Aquino (Ia qq. 27-43).” ST 45 (1992): 53-65.
———. “La pneumatologia di San Tommaso d'Aquino nel suo commento al quarto Vangelo.”
Angelicum 66 (1989): 19-26.
Finnis, John. Aquinas : moral, political, and legal theory. Founders of modern political and social
thought. Oxford ; New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.
———. Natural law and natural rights. Clarendon law series. Oxford [Oxfordshire] New York:
Clarendon Press ; Oxford University Press, 1980.
Hall, Pamela M. Narrative and the natural law : an interpretation of Thomistic ethics. Notre
Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1998.
Hector, Kevin. “Apophaticism in Thomas Aquinas: a re-formulation and recommendation.”
Scottish Journal of Theology 60, no. 4 (2007): 377-393.
Hibbs, Thomas Stewart. “THE PEDAGOGY OF LAW AND VIRTUE IN THE "SUMMA
THEOLOGIAE" (AQUINAS).” United States -- Indiana: University of Notre Dame,, 1987.
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