BUSINESS MARKETING AND LOGISTICS 752 CASES IN MANAGERIAL MARKETING WINTER 2011 Professor Robert E. Burnkrant Office Hours: By appointment 512 Fisher Hall, 292-6600 E-mail: burnkrant.1@osu.edu Learning Objectives This course requires you to make and defend marketing decisions. It is expected that you will apply what you’ve learned in previous marketing courses to the cases under consideration in this class. You will develop and improve analytical (quantitative and qualitative) and oral presentation skills by applying your knowledge of marketing principles to real business problems. Required Materials Case Packet containing Harvard cases and supporting materials, available at Uniprint. Material to be distributed in class. Performance Evaluation Evaluation Components Board of Directors’ Presentation Strategy Presentation Written Assignments Class Participation Group Midterm Exam Final Exam Evaluation Scale: 15% 15% 15% 25% 15% 15% A AB+ B B- 92+ 90-91 88-89 87-82 80-81 C+ C CD+ D E 78-79 72-77 70-71 68-69 62-67 Below 60 Grades reflect an evaluation of the QUALITY of the delivered product. If it is believed that a grade does not adequately reflect the quality of the finished product, the grade can be appealed in writing (one page maximum). Your appeal must include a specific argument explaining why the grade does not reflect the quality of the completed work. Grade appeals on group work must be signed by all members of the group. When a grade is appealed, the entire assignment will be reevaluated, and grades may be adjusted in either direction. You are responsible for all information presented in class, including schedule changes, whether you are present or not. Assignments are due at the start of class, as soon as the bell rings. Your class participation grade will be dependent on the quality of your in-class discussion of the issues raised in the cases and case presentations. It is expected that all students will carefully read and analyze each case prior to coming to class and participate actively in the class discussion by drawing on that analysis to answer questions, raise issues and contribute to case solutions. To do well in class participation, students must regularly contribute to class discussion by making insightful comments that reflect a careful analysis of the case. Simply reacting on the fly to what others say or drawing on one’s own personal background to make comments will not be considered strong class participation. Also, simply attending class does not count as good class participation. Schedule of Activities M W 1/3 1/5 M 1/10 W 1/12 M W M W M 1/17 1/19 1/24 1/26 1/31 W M W M W M W M W M W 2/2 2/7 2/9 2/14 2/16 2/21 2/23 2/28 3/2 3/7 3/9 Introduction to the course. Discussion of course, case presentations and quantitative analysis. (QA assignment is due). Guest Speaker – Tom Marchese, Vice President of Marketing and Innovation, Bob Evans In-class discussion of Dominion Motors and Controls (DMC assignment is due. Team assignments will be made.). HOLIDAY: Martin Luther King’s Birthday Team Presentation Case #1 – Black and Decker Guest Speaker – Tom Harvey, Entrepreneur, Former CEO, Marketing Lecturer Team Presentation Case #2 – Hilton HHonors Worldwide Team Presentation Case #3 – Mountain Man Brewing Company: Bringing the Brand to Light Team Presentation Case #4 – Brita Products Team Presentation Case #5 – Rosewood Resorts (Midterm case distributed) Midterm Group Project Day Group Midterm Case Report Due Guest Speaker – Michael Bills, Principal, Fitch Inc., Executive in Residence Team Presentation Case #6 – Hartmann Luggage Team Presentation Case #7 – Cumberland Metal Industries Team Presentation Case #8 – XM Satellite Radio (A) Team Presentation Case #9 – The Fashion Channel Team Presentation Case #10 – Springfield Nor’easters Individual Exam – Covering Principles Discussed in Class Group Assignments As the schedule of activities indicates, much of the work of this class will be completed by project teams. Early in the quarter each student will be assigned to one of 10 project teams (5 scarlet and 5 gray). Team responsibilities will take place based on your team assignment according to the following schedule: 2 Date Board of Directors Strategies S1 G1 S3 G3 S5 S2 G2 G4 S4 G5 S2 G2 S4 G4 G5 G1 S3 S1 S5 G3 W 1/19 W 1/26 M 1/31 W 2/02 M 2/07 M 2/21 W 2/23 M 2/28 W 3/02 M 3/07 Case Black and Decker Hilton HHonors Mountain Man Brewing Company Brita Products Rosewood Resorts Hartmann Cumberland Metal Industries XM Satellite Radio (A) Fashion Channel Springfield Nor’easters A General Plan for Team Case Presentation Days First 1-5 minutes Followed by 5 minutes Followed by 10-15 minutes 5 minutes Introductory Remarks Board of Directors’ Presentation (20-30 minutes) Clarification questions, if necessary Strategy Presentation (20-30 minutes) Board leaves the room to decide on response to the strategy team Board evaluates strategy presentation and responds to questions from the class. General Rules To assure that everyone in the class has a positive experience, the following behavior is expected: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Be on time for class. Class will always start punctually, and arriving late is distracting to the students who are making a presentation. Do not leave class before class is dismissed, unless absolutely necessary. Respect the opinions of others, even if you don’t agree with them. Treat everyone with respect regardless of his/her beliefs, opinions, gender, age, race, national origin, physical abilities, sexual orientation, religion or status as a Vietnam-era Veteran. Do not bring any food or drink to class other than water. A note about working in groups You are expected to work with group members and to negotiate conflicts in scheduling, work habits, level of effort, etc. on your own. Serious problems should be discussed with the instructor on an individual or group level basis, but in general, working out problems is an important part of any team effort. In general, groups will be responsible for the negative actions of any member, such as a member’s failure to complete work or arriving late for a presentation. However, if a serious problem has been brought to the instructor’s attention in advance and it becomes apparent from discussions with the group that a member is disruptive or not 3 participating, the instructor may either remove the individual from the group or modify the student’s case and project grades to more accurately reflect performance. Board of Director’s Presentation – Expectations for Quality The Board has two major roles: to analyze the firm’s current and past position, and to evaluate the recommendations of the strategy team. 1. Analyze the firm/product/brands current and future situation. Analysis involves using qualitative and quantitative information to describe the firm’s past, current and future position. An analysis is not a summary of the case material. You should USE the case material to complete the analysis, but the analysis must offer direction and conclusions that can be used to plan the firm’s next moves. It should go beyond restating what is in the case. The discussion will usually involve the following topics: A clear statement of the problem. A brief discussion of exactly why the problem occurred and/or why the issue is important. You must provide a clear set of arguments about why the problem arose or why the issue is important to the firm at the time the case was written. A situation analysis. The main point of the situation analysis is to provide a context for evaluating or choosing among alternative courses of action. Use appropriate analytical tools. Issues that are frequently important in case analysis include the following (however, all the issues are not important in every case): a. A macro environmental analysis – Are there aspects of the environment that have led to the problem or impact the organization’s ability to implement its strategy, and do they represent threats or opportunities? Focus on those aspects most relevant to your specific organization. They may include any or all of the following: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. b. Economic/Financial Technological Social/Cultural Political Regulatory Resources/Supply Timing A task-level environmental analysis – What aspects of the organization’s day to day task environment have led to the problem or impact its ability to implement strategy? Do these forces represent opportunities or threats? 1. Customers – What do customers want? How are customers served, by the organization and by its competitors? 4 c. 2. Competitors – Who are the competitors? What are their strengths/weaknesses? Who is the most important competitor? Which competitors are likely to respond to changes in the marketing plan? 3. Channel Partners – Describe relations with suppliers and facilitators (financial institutions, advertising agencies, manufacturer rep firms, etc.). What opportunities or threats are present with current and future channel partners? How do channel partners provide value, both to the firm and to the final consumer? An organizational analysis –Focusing on strengths and weaknesses of the firm. 1. People – Current personnel, gaps in personnel. 2. Finances – What is the firm’s current financial position? What are the relevant trends? 3. Marketing position – Relative market share, trends in market share growth, profitability of marketing decisions. 4. Marketing resources – 4 P’s, product life cycle, brand equity, customer service and support, sales force strength. What are the firm’s unique marketing advantages? 5. Timing – What is the firm’s posture with regard to implementation? Is the firm a first mover? A follower? The presentation of the situation analysis can be enhanced by drawing on literature that provides marketing principles relevant to the product or decision under consideration, and if this information is provided it should be briefly presented, properly cited and tied very specifically to the problem under consideration. Use of strategic decision tools or planning tools that have been learned in previous courses (e.g., the Boston Consulting Group Matrix, Product Life Cycle Model, etc.) can also be beneficial and if used should be properly cited and briefly discussed. It would also be advisable to use spreadsheets to address the implications of data presented in cases. Spreadsheets and related data analysis tools can help make sense of the data in the case, and they can help provide justification for your decisions. Just remember to use what is most relevant for your particular case! 2. You may use brief hand-outs to support your presentation. Each member of your group must have a speaking part. 3. Evaluate the recommendations of the strategy team. After the strategy team makes its presentation, your team will leave the room to prepare a brief analysis of the feasibility and likely success of the strategy. Base this analysis on your own assessment of the organization’s situation. Can the strategy work given your own thorough understanding of the current situation? Your comments should include the following issues, where relevant. 5 4. a. Is the strategy feasible and desirable or optimal in light of the current and projected future environmental forces? Why or why not? b. Does the strategy conform to accepted marketing principles and theories (e.g., product life cycle, consumer decision-making models, diffusion of innovation models, etc.)? c. What (if anything) would your group do differently and why? What to turn in. 1. A complete bibliography (typed, alphabetized) of any references that were actually used in the preparation of the report. The case write-ups contain all the information that will be necessary for the decision and it will not be appropriate to try to find out what the company did when confronting the problem in the case and rely on that information as part of the analysis. However, it may be desirable to enhance your presentation of the situation analysis by bringing in reference to marketing principles that will help structure the decision situation, and if this is done the basis for the information should be properly cited. 2. A copy of the slides or other visual aids used in the presentation should be given to the instructor at the start of the class and another copy should be given to the other team. 3. A copy of any handouts (if used) should also be given to the instructor at the start of the class. Strategy Presentation – Expectations for Quality You should view your group as a consulting team that has been asked to recommend a solution of a case problem to the Board of Directors. You must answer the question “What should the organization do now?” You must also have a strong justification for your answer to this question. To answer the question, you must consider at least these fundamental issues: 1. What are the feasible marketing strategy alternatives? Justify your choice of one (or a combination) of the alternatives Detail a plan of strategy implementation – who, what, when, where, how, at what cost Possible limitations of the plan Your presentation should contain the following components. a. A strong introduction containing your view of the problem and the basis for your position. b. A comparative analysis of the most likely alternatives. If the case presents alternatives, you do not have to assume that those alternatives are the only ones that can work. To properly consider the alternatives, you must present the costs and outcomes of each alternative, in quantitative and qualitative terms. The alternatives should be analyzed in light of the firm’s current situation. 6 c. Choice of strategy (from the alternatives above) and a complete justification of the choice. You must be able to show that the decision makes good financial sense, is congruent with the situation, and is congruent with corporate objectives (usually stated in the case). Where the case presents quantitative data, use it to justify your decision. Most strategy recommendations that fall flat do so because the team does not present hard evidence that the chosen strategy is better (e.g., more profitable, more in line with the skills of the firm or cost structure of the industry) than the other alternatives. This is a critical aspect of your analysis and presentation. Justification for the chosen strategy may also be enhanced by drawing on literature that provides marketing principles relevant to the product or decision under consideration, and if this information is provided it should be briefly presented, properly cited and tied very specifically to the problem under consideration and decision that was made. Please note, however, that it will not be appropriate to attempt to determine what was actually done by the company under consideration and use that as a justification for your decision. The company may have had different information at hand and may not have made the only or even best decision in the case. 2. d. A detailed plan for implementing the strategy. Which of the 4 Ps will be affected? Will you alter the product, price, promotion, distribution or some combination of these four elements of the marketing mix? How? Which consumer groups will be targeted? How will channel partners be affected? How will competition respond? What will the plan cost? How will the plan pay off? Present as much detailed information as possible. e. Projected results. What are the likely outcomes of the plan? Be as specific as possible. f. Every strategic plan has limitations, problems or shortcomings. Your presentation should address the possible limitations of the plan, and offer ways for management to avoid these limitations. It should be clear about the assumptions that underlie the plan. g. A strong conclusion. General guidelines for the strategy presentation: a. Each team may be tempted to recommend that the firm simply “gather more data.” This is not likely to be an acceptable alternative. As the cases are written, you (and the firm) must make the decision with the information at hand. Often managers must make tough decisions with limited information and limited time. b. Remember that these cases allow you to solve marketing problems. The focus of your efforts should always be on the firm’s marketing alternatives. This does not mean that your recommendation won’t have financial, legal, technological or manufacturing implications. However, the focus should be on the marketing issues and decisions. 7 c. A thorough professional presentation is expected. Each member of the team must have a speaking part during the presentation. It is unacceptable to read your presentation. You must be prepared to speak without relying heavily on notes. Rehearse your presentation. Make sure the individual parts form a cohesive whole, and that one person’s part does not repeat or contradict another person’s part. Your presentation should have a strong opening and conclusion. d. You do not need to turn in a written report of any type. However, if you use outside reference sources to support your decisions, you should turn in a complete bibliography of your references (not copies of the materials themselves). e. You will be expected to answer questions from the class and to defend your strategies during class discussion. Your grade will reflect your ability to do so. f. You may use handouts to support your presentation, limited to 3 pages. g. Visual aids are extremely important. Handwritten visual aids are not acceptable. Errors of spelling and grammar on visual aids are not acceptable. 4. What to turn in: 1. Outside material if used must be cited. 2. Two copies of the overheads or other visual aids used in the presentation (one for the instructor and one for the Board of Directors) are to be turned in at the beginning of class. 3. Copies of any handouts (if used) are also to be turned in at the beginning of class. Class Participation A considerable amount of the learning that takes place in case courses results from the active and thoughtful participation of the student in the class. Those who prepare the most outside class and participate most actively in class should learn the most from the class. They will also contribute greatly to the learning of the other students in the class. Due to the importance of class participation to student learning, this component of the class grade is heavily weighted. The following grading guidelines are provided to assist you in understanding what is expected: Scale Description A A consistent leader in class discussions who regularly makes strong contributions by making insightful comments that reflect a thorough analysis of the case under consideration – comments that advance our understanding of the company, industry and/or decision under consideration. B Regularly contributes to class discussion making insightful comments that reflect a careful reading of the case. 8 C Contributes to class discussion with reasonable comments that follow from the prior discussion, but comments frequently do not reflect a careful analysis of the case. D Infrequent comments or a tendency to make comments that do not appear to be based on a reading of the case. E Very few positive contributions to the class discussion. Class Assignments All assignments are to be typed with one inch margins and 12 point font although numerical calculations may be provided in hand written form if neatly written. Please note that on numerical calculations, it will be necessary to show all of your work. Do not simply provide the answers. That is, the reader should be able to determine how you derived your answers. It is important in business to present your recommendations and the basis for them both completely and concisely. Therefore, page limits will be provided for your assignments. Assignments one and two are limited to two pages (including all calculations). All assignments will be due at the beginning of class and turned in at that time. However, it will be important for you to make and bring to class an extra copy of the assignment that you can keep with you to rely on during class discussion. Assignment One – Review of Basic Quantitative Analysis – Due Wednesday, January 5 This assignment will be distributed separately on the first day of class. Assignment Two – Dominion Motors and Controls – Due Wednesday, January 12 1. Define the problem, and briefly explain how it came about and why it is important. 2. Using information provided in the case and the cost and large user price figures provided in exhibit 2, calculate the unit contribution generated by each alternative. If the alternative involves added investment, also determine the volume that would be needed to break even. 3. Specify which alternative you would choose and justify it both qualitatively and quantitatively. Additional assignments will be made in class throughout the quarter. Examinations There will be two examinations in this class. A group midterm case report will be due at the beginning of class on February 14. An individual exam will be held during the regular class period on March 9. 9 Group Exam You will receive a copy of the group exam case on February 7 at the end of the class. You will then have until the start of the class period on February 14 to complete a group analysis of the case. The analysis should include problem statement, situation analysis, alternative justification and presentation, recommendation presentation and justification, and statement of limitations or risks involved in the decision. You must turn in a single group report that is no more than 7 pages in length plus tables that summarize quantitative information. You must use 12 point type, either single or double space, and one inch margins. It is expected that you and your other group members will work on this project without involving other groups or people outside of the class and that the report is developed from analysis undertaken in this class. Individual Exam The individual examination will test your knowledge of principles that come out of our discussion of the cases focused on throughout the term. That is, you will be asked questions about issues that were discussed earlier in the quarter. Those issues will have been presented in discussions of the cases assigned throughout the quarter. The exam may include both problems and short essay questions that present specific case-like situations or scenarios. It is expected that you will bring a calculator to class on the day of the exam. Academic Integrity (Academic Misconduct) Academic integrity is essential to maintaining an environment that fosters excellence in teaching, research, and other educational and scholarly activities. Thus, The Ohio State University and the Committee on Academic Misconduct (COAM) expect that all students have read and understand the University’s Code of Student Conduct, and that all students will complete all academic and scholarly assignments with fairness and honesty. Students must recognize that failure to follow the rules and guidelines established in the University’s Code of Student Conduct and this syllabus may constitute “Academic Misconduct.” The Ohio State University’s Code of Student Conduct (Section 3335-23-04) defines academic misconduct as: “Any activity that tends to compromise the academic integrity of the University, or subvert the educational process.” Examples of academic misconduct include (but are not limited to) plagiarism, collusion (unauthorized collaboration), copying the work of another student, and possession of unauthorized materials during an examination. Ignorance of the University’s Code of Student Conduct is never considered an “excuse” for academic misconduct, so I recommend that you review the Code of Student Conduct and, specifically, the sections dealing with academic misconduct. If I suspect that a student has committed academic misconduct in this course, I am obligated by University Rules to report my suspicions to the Committee on Academic Misconduct. If COAM determines that you have violated the University’s Code of Student Conduct (i.e., committed academic misconduct), the sanctions for the misconduct could include a failing grade in this course and suspension or dismissal from the University. If you have any questions about the above policy or what constitutes academic misconduct in this course, please contact me. 10 Other sources of information on academic misconduct (integrity) to which you can refer include: The Committee on Academic Misconduct web pages (oaa.osu.edu/coam/home.html) Ten Suggestions for Preserving Academic Integrity (oaa.osu.edu/coam/tensuggestions.html) Eight Cardinal Rules of Academic Integrity (www.northwestern.edu/uacc/8cards.html) . 11