GRADE 7 & 8 SCIENCE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
In-School Preparation (includes Curriculum Correlations)
page 2
Amusement Ride Activities
page 22
Park Exploration
page 71
Consumer Survey
page 71
Building Project – WonderCoaster Competition
page 71
Building Project Report
page 71
Answer Key
page 81
CANADA’S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
1
GRADE 7 & 8
IN-SCHOOL PREPARATION
MEETING THE EXPECTATIONS – Ontario Curriculum Correlations
AMUSEMENT RIDE RUBRICS
BASIC MEASUREMENTS
MATH PRACTICE
LEARNING SCIENCE LANGUAGE
SCIENCE LANGUAGE EXERCISE
CANADA’S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
2
MEETING THE EXPECTATIONS
CW Physics, Science & Math Day Activities
A correlation with the Ontario Science Curriculum Grades 7 & 8
This is a list of the Specific Expectations met by our activities. They are divided by
the type of activity we provide and the expectations these activities meet. Sometimes
beside the question in the activity portion of the manual there will be specific
reference to which expectation the activity meets.
G7 – refers to Grade 7 Expectation number
G8 – refers to Grade 8 Expectation number
Grade 7 – Understanding Structures and Mechanisms
Form and Function
Amusement Ride Activities
Includes activities related to Riptide, The Bat, Skyrider, Vortex, Mighty Canadian
Minebuster, and Flight Deck
Developing Investigation and Communication Skills
2.3 investigate the factors that determine the ability of a structure to support a load
2.4 use technological problem-solving skills to determine the most efficient way for a structure to
support a given load
2.6 use appropriate science and technology vocabulary, including in oral and written
communication
2.7 use a variety of forms to communicate with different audiences and for a variety of purposes
Understanding Basic Concepts
3.1 classify structures as solid structures, frame structures, or shell structures
3.2 describe ways in which the centre of gravity of a structure affects the structure’s stability
3.3 identify the magnitude, direction, point of application, and plane of application of the forces
applied to a structure
3.4 distinguish between external forces and internal forces acting on a structure
3.5 describe the role of symmetry in structures
Park Exploration
Developing Investigation and Communication Skills
2.3 investigate the factors that determine the ability of a structure to support a load
2.4 use technological problem-solving skills to determine the most efficient way for a structure to
support a given load
2.7 use a variety of forms to communicate with different audiences and for a variety of purposes
Understanding Basic Concepts
3.1 classify structures as solid structures, frame structures, or shell structures
3.2 describe ways in which the centre of gravity of a structure affects the structure’s stability
3.3 identify the magnitude, direction, point of application, and plane of application of the forces
applied to a structure
3.5 describe the role of symmetry in structures
CANADA’S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
3
Consumer Survey
Relating Science and Technology to Society and the Environment
1.1 evaluate the importance for individuals, society, the economy, and the environment of factors
that should be considered in designing and building structures and devices to meet specific needs
Developing Investigation and Communication Skills
2.6 use appropriate science and technology vocabulary, including in oral and written
communication
2.7 use a variety of forms to communicate with different audiences and for a variety of purposes
Wonderland Building Project (Roller Coaster) – see Contest rules on website
Relating Science and Technology to Society and the Environment
1.1 evaluate the importance for individuals, society, the economy, and the environment of factors
that should be considered in designing and building structures and devices to meet specific needs
Developing Investigation and Communication Skills
2.1 follow established safety procedures for using tools and handling materials
2.2 design, construct, and use physical models to investigate the effects of various forces on
structures
2.3 investigate the factors that determine the ability of a structure to support a load
2.4 use technological problem-solving skills to determine the most efficient way for a structure to
support a given load
2.5 investigate methods used by engineers to ensure structural safety
2.7 use a variety of forms to communicate with different audiences and for a variety of purposes
Understanding Basic Concepts
3.3 identify the magnitude, direction, point of application, and plane of application of the forces
applied to a structure
3.4 distinguish between external forces and internal forces acting on a structure
3.5 describe the role of symmetry in structures
3.6 identify and describe factors that can cause a structure to fail
3.7 identify the factors that determine the suitability of materials for use in manufacturing a
product
Building Project Report
Developing Investigation and Communication Skills
2.3 investigate the factors that determine the ability of a structure to support a load
2.6 use appropriate science and technology vocabulary, including in oral and written
communication
2.7 use a variety of forms to communicate with different audiences and for a variety of purposes
Understanding Basic Concepts
3.2 describe ways in which the centre of gravity of a structure affects the structure’s stability
3.3 identify the magnitude, direction, point of application, and plane of application of the forces
applied to a structure
3.4 distinguish between external forces and internal forces acting on a structure
3.5 describe the role of symmetry in structures
3.7 identify the factors that determine the suitability of materials for use in manufacturing a
product
CANADA’S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
4
Grade 8 – Understanding Structures and Mechanisms
Systems in Action
Amusement Ride Activities
Includes activities related to Riptide, The Bat, Skyrider, Vortex, Mighty Canadian
Minebuster, Flight Deck and Drop Zone
Developing Investigation and Communication Skills
2.2 investigate the work done in a variety of everyday activities and record the findings
quantitatively
2.4 use technological problem-solving skills to investigate a system that performs a function or
meets
2.5 investigate the information and support provided to consumers/clients to ensure that a system
functions safely and effectively
2.6 use appropriate science and technology vocabulary, in oral and written communication
2.7 use a variety of forms to communicate with different audiences and for a variety of purposes
Understanding Basic Concepts
3.3 identify the various processes and components of a system that allow it to perform its function
efficiently and safely
3.5 understand and use the formula work = force × distance (W = F×d) to establish the
relationship between work, force, and distance moved parallel to the force in simple systems
Park Exploration
Developing Investigation and Communication Skills
2.6 use appropriate science and technology vocabulary, in oral and written communication
2.7 use a variety of forms to communicate with different audiences and for a variety of purposes
Understanding Basic Concepts
3.3 identify the various processes and components of a system that allow it to perform its function
efficiently and safely
Consumer Survey
Developing Investigation and Communication Skills
2.6 use appropriate science and technology vocabulary, in oral and written communication
2.7 use a variety of forms to communicate with different audiences and for a variety of purposes
Understanding Basic Concepts
3.9 identify social factors that influence the evolution of a system
Wonderland Build Project (Roller Coaster) – see Contest Rules on website
Developing Investigation and Communication Skills
2.1 - follow established safety procedures for working with apparatus, tools, materials,
2.2 investigate the work done in a variety of everyday activities and record the findings
quantitatively
2.4 use technological problem-solving skills to investigate a system that performs a function or
meets a need
CANADA’S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
5
Building Project Report
Relating Science and Technology to Society and the Environment
1.1 assess the social, economic, and environmental impacts of automating systems
1.2 assess the impact on individuals, society, and the environment of alternative ways of meeting
needs that are currently met by existing systems, taking different points of view into
consideration
Developing Investigation and Communication Skills
2.2 investigate the work done in a variety of everyday activities and record the findings
quantitatively
2.4 use technological problem-solving skills to investigate a system that performs a function or
meets a need
2.6 use appropriate science and technology vocabulary, in oral and written communication
2.7 use a variety of forms to communicate with different audiences and for a variety of purposes
Understanding Basic Concepts
3.5 understand and use the formula work = force × distance (W = F×d) to establish the
relationship between work, force, and distance moved parallel to the force in simple systems
Grade 8 – Understanding Matter and Energy - Fluids
Amusement Ride Activities
Includes activities related to Riptide, The Bat, Skyrider, Vortex, Mighty Canadian
Minebuster, Flight Deck and Drop Zone
Developing Investigation and Communication Skills
2.7 use appropriate science and technology vocabulary in oral and written communication
Understanding Basic Concepts
3.1 demonstrate an understanding of viscosity and compare the viscosity of various liquids
3.4 explain the difference between liquids and gases in terms of their compressibility and how
their compressibility affects their usage
3.6 explain in qualitative terms the relationship between pressure, volume, and temperature when
a liquid or a gas is compressed or heated
3.8 compare the ways in which fluids are used and controlled in living things to the ways in
which they are used and controlled in manufactured devices
Park Exploration and Consumer Survey
2.7 use appropriate science and technology vocabulary in oral and written communication
2.8 use a variety of forms to communicate with different audiences and for a variety of purposes
CANADA’S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
6
AMUSEMENT RIDE JOURNAL ENTRY RUBRIC
CATEGORY
LEVEL 1
LEVEL 2
LEVEL 3
LEVEL 4
how the forces of
tension and
compression act
on the basic
structural and
design features
such as cylindrical
piers,
triangulation, etc.
- shows some
understanding of
how the forces of
tension and
compression act
on the basic
structural and
design features
such as cylindrical
piers,
triangulation, etc.
- shows
understanding of
how the forces of
tension and
compression act
on the basic
structural and
design features
such as cylindrical
piers,
triangulation, etc.
- shows thorough
understanding of
how the forces of
tension and
compression act
on the basic
structural and
design features
such as cylindrical
piers,
triangulation, etc.
- communicates
information and
ideas with limited
clarity and
precision
- communicates
information and
ideas with
moderate clarity
and precision
- communicates
information and
ideas with clarity
and precision
- communicates
information and
ideas with a high
degree of clarity
and precision
- shows limited
understanding of
how science and
technology are
utilized in the
design and
manufacture of
amusement park
rides
- shows some
understanding of
how science and
technology are
utilized in the
design and
manufacture of
amusement park
rides
- shows
understanding of
how science and
technology are
utilized in the
design and
manufacture of
amusement park
rides
- shows thorough
understanding of
how science and
technology are
utilized in the
design and
manufacture of
amusement park
rides
Understanding - shows limited
understanding of
of concepts
Demonstrates an
understanding of the
effect of forces
acting on different
structures and
mechanisms
Communication
Uses appropriate
vocabulary,
including correct
science and
technology
terminology to
reflect on the
structural and design
features of the rides
Relating
science and
technology to
each other
and the world
outside the
school
GRADE 7 & 8
Evaluate the design
of systems that
include structures
and mechanisms
CANADA’S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
7
BASIC MEASUREMENTS
To get ready for the trip to Canada’s Wonderland for the Physics, Science and Math
program, you should find answers to all of the questions below. On the day of the trip,
take this sheet with you so you can use the numbers.
TIME
Number of seconds per minute
__________________
Number of minutes per hour
__________________
Number of seconds per hour
__________________
YOUR BODY MEASUREMENTS
Height
__________ cm
__________ m
Arm span
__________ cm
__________ m
Length of shoe
__________ cm
__________ m
Hand Span
__________ cm
__________ m
PULSE AND BREATHING RATES
Pulse Rate (beats per
Breathing Rate (breaths
minutes)
per minute)
Sitting
Standing (before
exercise)
Standing (after exercise)
CANADA’S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
8
MATH PRACTICE
1.
Discuss in class how to find each of the following numbers:
a) pulse rate (per minute)
b) breathing rate (per minute)
c) the perimeter of a square, a rectangle, or other polygon
d) the diameter of a circle
e) the circumference of a circle
f) multiplying two numbers with units
e.g.
6 paces x 40 cm/pace = 240 cm
5 hand spans x 18 cm/hand span = 90 cm
3 cars x 4 passengers/car = 12 passengers
g) the average of two or more numbers
2.
Solve the following problems. Where possible, show how you calculated the
answer.
a) Julie measures 36 heart beats in 30 seconds. What is her pulse rate per minute?
b) Soo-Jin breathes 26 times in two minutes. What is her breathing rate per
minute?
c) Terry measures 19 pulse beats in 15 seconds. What is his pulse beat per
minute?
d) Determine the perimeter of this page in centimetres.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
9
MATH PRACTICE
e) Measure the diameter of a loonie in centimetres.
f) Measure your hand span in centimetres. Then use you hand span to estimate
the length of a desk.
g) Use your hand span to estimate the diameter of a large circle, such as a bicycle
wheel or a hula-hoop.
h) Use your hand span to estimate the circumference of the circle in g).
i) Measure your average pace in centimetres. Use your pace to find the length
and width of your classroom.
j) How many desks are there in a room that has 5 rows of desks with 6 desks in a
row?
k) Teepu’s mass is 42 kg and Angela’s mass is 54 kg. Find the average of their
masses.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
10
LEARNING SCIENCE LANGUAGE
TEACHER DEFINITIONS
Acceleration
The rate at which velocity increases. When a roller coaster train
moves down a hill, its velocity increases. That is, the train is
accelerating.
Centripetal Force
Any object undergoing circular motion has force acting on it which
pushes it toward the center of the circular path. This is the
centripetal force.
Compressibility
When pressure is applied to an object it tends to cause a decrease
in the size of the object. Air has a high compressibility.
Deceleration
The rate at which velocity decreases. When a roller coaster train is
moving up a hill, its velocity decreases. That is, the train is
decelerating.
Ergonomic Design
Designing machinery to suit the comfort and safety of humans.
Roller coaster cars are designed to be comfortable as well as safe.
Gravity
The force of gravity acts between any two objects that have mass.
Every mass on earth (large or small) feels the force of gravity
pulling it towards the earth. This pull gives you your weight.
Hydraulics
The branch of physics, which uses water power to do work. An
auto-mechanic shop uses hydraulic lifts to raise vehicles off the
ground.
Incompressibility
When pressure applied to an object does not cause a decrease in
the volume of the object. Most solid objects are incompressible.
Mass
The amount of matter in an object. Mass is measured in kilograms
and is different from weight. An object always has the same mass,
whereas its weight may change depending on its location.
Momentum
The momentum of a moving object determines how easy or
difficult it is to stop the object. Momentum depends on the velocity
of the object as well as its mass. Therefore, the momentum of a
heavy truck is much greater than that of a small car moving at the
same velocity.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
11
LEARNING SCIENCE LANGUAGE
TEACHER DEFINITIONS (cont’d)
Parabola
A curve that can be constructed by slicing a cone. Cutting the cone
parallel to its side and through its base will create a parabolic
shape. An object thrown forward in the air follows a parabolic
path.
Pier
A piece of metal tubing or solid concrete that supports a large
structure. A bridge has piers that support it at either end. Roller
coasters use piers to support their large structure.
Pneumatics
The branch of physics, which deals with compressed gases such as
air. Many roller coasters use pneumatic braking systems.
Shell
The outside covering of an object. The framework of a structure.
Truss
A framework that uses triangular shapes to support a structure.
Trusses are used for large spans, as in bridges, and also used to
support heavy loads.
Weight
The force of gravity on an object. The weight of an object can vary
since the force of gravity can vary depending on its location.
Weightlessness
A person falling freely is said to be weightless. This is because
there is no force acting upwards on them from the ground.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
12
LEARNING SCIENCE LANGUAGE
Applying science language to an amusement ride:
The force of GRAVITY between the roller coaster train in which you are riding and the
earth pulls you down the roller coaster hills.
The greater the WEIGHT of the roller coaster train, the more strength the structure must
have to support the tracks.
The addition of more passengers will increase a roller coaster’s MASS and weight.
The supporting structure of a roller coaster is a series of connected parts called the
FRAME.
The supporting structure of the wave pool in Splash Works is a one piece SHELL.
A PIER is the part of a structure whose function is to resist compressive forces. The
cylindrical PIERS on a metal roller coaster support the track by resisting compressive
forces caused by the weight of the roller coaster and its passengers.
On the wooden roller coasters, the TRUSS is a structural element (whose function is to
resist tension and compression forces) made up of a series of triangular frames.
The downward force, which is applied to the structure’s support piers, is called
COMPRESSION.
The outward force, which occurs when the roller coaster train is traveling around a
curve, puts TENSION on the structure’s support wires.
The VELOCITY of the roller coaster train increases as it rolls down a hill.
A roller coaster train ACCELERATES as it gains speed while rolling down a hill.
A roller coaster train DECELERATES as it loses speed while climbing up a hill.
A roller coaster train gains enough MOMENTUM falling down a hill to keep it going
all the way to the top of the next hill.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
13
LEARNING SCIENCE LANGUAGE
A roller coaster has the most POTENTIAL ENERGY when it is at the highest peak of
the ride. As the velocity increases going down a hill, a roller coaster train gains
KINETIC ENERGY. INERTIA causes the passenger to lean forward when the roller
coaster train stops at the end of the ride.
The rubbing between the roller coaster train’s wheels and the track causes a
FRICTIONAL force,
This slows the roller coaster train down.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
14
SCIENCE LANGUAGE EXERCISES
Select the correct word and complete each sentence.
GRAVITY
MASS
WEIGHTLESS
PARABOLA
WEIGHT
1.
The gravity pull between an object and the earth (or another large body) is called
___________________.
2.
The amount of material a body contains is its ____________________.
3.
A ____________________ object appears to have no weight.
4.
A curved path produced by a falling body is called a ____________________.
5.
The force of attraction between all bodies in the universe is called
____________________.
ACCELERATION
DECELERATION
KINETIC ENERGY
POTENTIAL ENERGY
1.
The energy that an object has because of its position is called ________________.
2.
An increase in speed is called ____________________.
3.
The energy that an object in motion has is called ______________________.
4.
A decrease in speed is called ____________________.
FRICTION
INERTIA
CENTRIPETAL FORCE
FORCE
1.
The tendency of an object to remain at rest or in motion unless acted on by force
is called __________________.
2.
A push or pull is a ____________________.
3
A force pulling or pushing an object towards the centre of its circular path is
called ___________________.
4.
Resistance to motion due to one object rubbing against another is called
____________________.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
15
SCIENCE LANGUAGE EXERCISES
Select the correct word and complete each sentence.
TENSION
TRUSS
FRAME
SHELL
PIER
COMPRESSION
1.
A ____________________ is a series of triangular or rectangular frames.
2.
A structure used to support the compression caused by steel roller coasters is
called a __________________.
3.
____________________ is the force that tends to stretch an object.
4.
A supporting skeleton of a structure is called a ____________________.
5.
A ____________________ is a one piece supporting structure.
6.
________________ is the downward force exerted at the structure’s support piers.
PNEUMATIC
INCOMPRESSIBLE
HYDRAULIC
ERGONOMIC DESIGN
COMPRESSIBLE
1.
If a substance can be made smaller by means of pressure, then it is
____________________. If, on the other hand, the substance will not reduce in
size, then it is ____________________.
2.
Mechanical devices that use fluids such as oil to operate are
____________________ systems; those that use gases, such as air or nitrogen, are
____________________ systems.
3.
When an amusement ride is built to be comfortable, adjustable to different sizes
of people, and supportive to prevent injury, we can say that it has a/an
_________________.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
16
SCIENCE LANGUAGE EXERCISES
Select the correct word and complete each sentence.
ACCELERATE
MASS
MOMENTUM
POTENTIAL ENERGY
TRUSS
PARABOLA
INERTIA
GRAVITY
FRICTION
FRAME
COMPRESSION
CENTRIPETAL FORCE
KINETIC ENERGY
WEIGHTLESS
PIERS
TENSION
1.
As the roller coaster cars roll over a peak, you rise off your seat and feel
___________________.
2.
The shape of a roller coaster hill is called a ____________________.
3.
The force of ____________________ pulls you down the roller coaster.
4.
The force of ___________________ slows you down throughout your roller coaster trip.
5.
When you are the highest on the track above the ground, you have the most
____________________.
6.
When you are moving the fastest, you have the most ____________________.
7.
Because of your speed at the bottom of the roller coaster hill, you have enough
___________________ to climb to the top of the next hill.
8.
An inward ____________________ is required to make you turn.
9.
Your body has ____________________ and, therefore, tries to move in a straight line
when the roller coaster track turns.
10.
An empty roller coaster train and a loaded train will travel down a hill at the same speed.
Therefore, we can say that a roller coaster train’s speed is not affected by its
____________________.
11.
The parts of a steel roller coaster that are used to resist compression forces are called
____________________.
12.
Wooden roller coasters use this type of triangular structure: _________________.
13.
A series of connected parts that make up a roller coaster is called a _________________.
14.
____________________ occurs on the structure of a roller coaster when the force of the
train tends to cause extension of the supporting structure.
15.
Steel roller coasters are equipped with support piers to help resist the
___________________ forces applied by the trains.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
17
GRADE 7 & 8
AMUSEMENT RIDE ACTIVITIES
RIPTIDE
Page 19
THE BAT
Page 22
SKYRIDER
Page 31
VORTEX
Page 37
MIGHTY CANADIAN MINEBUSTER
Page 43
FLIGHT DECK
Page 49
DROP TOWER
Page 55
THE FLY
Page 61
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
18
RIPTIDE
Riptide is Wonderland’s super swing with attitude and altitude!
Riptide will take passengers through snap rollovers and 360 o
degree twists and turns as they are propelled through moments of
zero gravity and an inescapable wall of water. Riptide is the
ultimate experience for thrill seekers who think they have done it all.
QUESTIONS
1.
Look for the safety guide.
(a) What are the ride restrictions? Explain each one.
(b) What are the ride requirements? Explain what they mean.
2.
Write out all the instructions to riders you can see and hear at the loading
platform.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
19
RIPTIDE
QUESTIONS
3.
List the materials used to build this ride. Why would ride engineers choose
these materials for the outdoor environment?
4.
[G8-3.9] List three things that have been done to this ride to make it look fun,
attractive and exciting.
5.
[G7-2.6, G8-S2.6] Determine the following in seconds (show your work):
(a) the average time for one ride
(b) the average time the ride stays at the loading platform
6.
[G7-2.6, G8-S2.6] Put the parts listed below in the order in which they occur
during one complete ride: unloading; lift; highest speed; braking; loading; vertical
spin. (Note: Several parts may be listed more than once.)
7.
[G7-2.6, G8-S2.6] Where on this ride is the train’s kinetic energy the highest?
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
20
RIPTIDE
QUESTIONS
8.
[G7-2.6, G8-S2.6]Answer the following questions for the vertical spin.
a) At what point(s) are you losing speed?
b) At what point(s) are you gaining speed?
c) At what point(s) do you feel the lightest?
d) At what point(s) do you feel the heaviest?
9.
[G7-2.3,2.4,3.2,3.3] Draw a picture of a vertical spin and label the points in the
spin where you feel pressed down on your seat the most. Why does this occur? Is
the passenger compartment heavier when this occurs?
10. [G7-2.3,2.4,3.2,3.3] If you are using an accelerometer record the number of g’s
you observe when you feel lightest and heaviest? Where do these points occur?
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
21
RIPTIDE
QUESTIONS
11.
[G7-3.4] List all of the forces that affect the movement of this ride.
12.
[G7-2.3,2.4,3.2,3.3] At what location(s) do you feel pressed down on your seat
the most? Why does this occur? Is the passenger compartment with its passengers
heavier when this occurs? Explain.
13.
[G8-2.5] State your hand span in centimetres. Use your hand span to calculate the
inside width of the passenger compartment. (Show your work.)
14.
[G7-3.5, G8-3.3] Use symmetry to determine where the centre of gravity is
located on this ride? Draw a picture that shows the approximate location of the
centre of gravity.
15.
[G8-2.5] What do you think engineers have done in the ergonomic design of the
seating compartments to accommodate people of different weight, height and
age?
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
22
RIPTIDE
QUESTIONS
16.
Conduct your CONSUMER SURVEY or complete your RIDE SAFETY
EXERCISE if you haven’t already done so.
17.
[ALL EXPECTATIONS MAY BE USED] In a journal entry, reflect on all the
structural and design features that are used to create an exciting but safe ride.
FOR GRADE 8 ONLY
1.
[G8-3.6] Use your understanding of viscosity to predict how the temperature of
the day in the park might affect the speed of the ride.
2.
[G8-2.5] Use your understanding of the relationship between mass and weight to
explain why, even though your mass stays constant, you feel less heavy when
falling.
3.
[G8-2.5,3.5] Locate the levers used in this ride. Hypothesize whether shorter or
longer levers would change the efficiency of the mechanism. Explain your
answer.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
23
THE BAT
STATION
On The Bat, riders are pulled backwards and launched through
an unyielding corkscrew and a breathtaking loop. After one trip
through The Bat’s intense, tight track, riders have little time to
catch their breath when The Bat climbs its second launch to take
riders through one more time – backwards.
LIFT 1
BOOMERANG
LIFT 2
VERTICAL LOOP
QUESTIONS
1.
Look for the safety guide.
(a) What are the ride restrictions? Explain each one.
(b) What are the ride requirements? Explain what they mean.
2.
Describe the feature(s) that prevent injury to people walking on the entrance path
under the train from objects that may fall out of riders’ pockets.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
24
THE BAT
QUESTIONS
3.
Write out all the instructions to riders you can see and hear at the loading
platform.
4.
[G7-2.6, G8-2.6] List three things that have been done to this ride to make it look
fun, attractive and exciting.
5.
[G7-2.6, G8-2.6] Determine the following in seconds (show your work):
a) the average time for one ride
b) the average time a train stays at the loading platform
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
25
THE BAT
QUESTIONS
6.
[G7-2.3,2.4,3.2,3.3, G8-2.2,3.5] Draw a diagram of the arrangement of the wheels
on each car and label them top, side and bottom. Which wheel experiences the
most force? Explain.
When the car is:
Turning __________, Climbing __________, Upside Down __________
7.
[G7-2.6, G8-2.6] Put the parts listed below in the order in which they occur
during one complete ride: unloading; lift; highest speed; boomerang; breaking;
loading; vertical loop (Note: Several parts may be listed more than once.)
8.
[G7-2.6, G8-2.6] Describe how the train gets to the top of the first ramp. Include
diagrams.
9.
[G7-2.6, G8-2.6] a) Where on this ride is the train’s potential energy due to
gravity the highest?
b) Where is the train’s kinetic energy the highest?
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
26
THE BAT
QUESTIONS
10.
[G7-3.4] Answer the following questions for the vertical loop, which is beyond
the boomerang.
a) At what point(s) are you losing speed?
b) At what point(s) are you gaining speed?
c) At what point(s) do you feel the lightest?
d) At what point(s) do you feel the heaviest?
11.
[G7 –3.4] At what location(s) do you feel pressed down on your seat the most?
Why does this occur? Is the car with its passengers heavier when this occurs?
Explain.
12.
[G7-2.3, 2.4, 3.2, 3.3] If you are using an accelerometer record the number of g’s
you observe when you feel lightest and heaviest? Where do these points occur?
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
27
THE BAT
QUESTIONS
13.
[G7-2.3, 2.4, 3.2, 3.3, G8-2.4] Use the observations made with your
accelerometer to determine how gravitational force affects the movement of an
object. (e.g. Do greater g’s cause faster or slower speeds?)
14.
[G7-3.4] Where do you feel you are being thrown forward? Why does this occur?
15.
[G7-2.3, 2.4, 3.2, 3.3] Use the following diagram to identify where tension and
compression forces affect the structure of the ride.
16.
[G7-2.6, G8-2.6] Do you think the riders in the front car experience the same
sensations as the riders in the rear car? Explain why.
17.
[G8-3.3] State your hand span in centimetres. Use your hand span to calculate the
inside width of a car. (Show your work.)
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
28
THE BAT
QUESTIONS
18.
Estimate the length of one train. Show your calculations.
19.
[G8-2.2, 3.5] Explain why the train is not able to climb to the top of the second
ramp without help from a motor. (Try to use some of the scientific terms
described on the Science Language page of this booklet.)
20.
[G8-3.3] What do you think engineers have done in the ergonomic design of the
seating compartments to accommodate people of different weight, height and
age?
21.
Conduct your CONSUMER SURVEY or complete the RIDE SAFETY
EXERCISE if you haven’t already done so.
22.
[ALL EXPECTATIONS MAY BE USED] In a journal entry, reflect on all of
the structural and design features that are used to create an exciting but safe ride.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
29
THE BAT
QUESTIONS
FOR GRADE EIGHT ONLY
1.
[G8-3.6] Use your understanding of viscosity to predict how the temperature of
the day in the park might affect the speed of the ride.
2.
[G8-2.5] Use your understanding of the relationship between mass and weight to
explain why even though your mass stays constant you feel less heavy when
falling.
3.
[G8-3.4] Pneumatic braking systems are used in the roller coaster rides at
Canada’s Wonderland. Why is air a better substance to use than oil to operate
these systems? (Use words such as, compressibility and incompressibility to
explain your answer)
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
30
SKYRIDER
On Skyrider, riders soar through loops, sharp
bank curves and a side-winding helix while
standing up! This coaster takes all of the classic
elements of a steel coaster and adds the intensity
and freedom of a new point of view.
F
C
E
B
A
QUESTIONS
1.
Look for the safety guide.
a) What are the ride restrictions? Explain each one.
b) What are the ride requirements? Explain what they mean.
2.
Write out all the instructions to riders you can see and hear at the loading
platform.
3.
[G7-2.6, G8-S2.6] List three things that have been done to this ride to make it
look fun, attractive and exciting.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
31
SKYRIDER
QUESTIONS
4.
[G7-2.6, G8-2.6] Determine the following in seconds:
a) the average time for one ride
b) the average time a train stays at the loading platform
5.
[G7-2.6, G8-2.6] Put the parts listed below in the order in which they occur
during one complete ride: lowest valley; horizontal loop; first braking; second
braking; highest hill; vertical loop; unloading; loading. (Note: Several parts may
be listed more than once.)
6.
[G7-2.6, G8-2.6] Describe how the train gets to the top of the first hill. Include
diagrams.
7.
[G7-2.6, G8-2.6] Which hill on this ride is the highest? State why it must be the
highest.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
32
SKYRIDER
QUESTIONS
8.
[G7-2.6, G8-2.6] (a) At what location(s) do you travel fastest on this ride?
b) After dropping down the first hill, where do you travel the slowest?
c) Do you think you travel faster at the top of a low hill or at the top of a high
hill? Why?
9.
[G7-3.4,2.6] Is there any time on the ride when you feel as if you are leaving your
seat? Explain.
10.
[G7-2.6] At what location(s) do you feel pressed down on your seat the most?
Why does this occur? Is the car with its passengers heavier when this occurs?
11.
[G8-3.3, 3.9] Was the height adjusted correctly for you? How important is the
height of the seat to the safety and enjoyment of the ride?
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
33
SKYRIDER
QUESTIONS
12.
[8-3.9] Do you think the design of the head support was a good design,
or could it have been improved? Explain your answer.
13.
[G7-2.3, 2.4, 3.2, 3.3] If you are using an accelerometer record the number of g’s
you observe when you feel lightest and heaviest? Where do these points occur?
14.
[G7-2.3,2.4,3.2,3.3, G8-2.4] Use the observations made with your accelerometer
to determine how gravitational force affects the movement of an object. (e.g. Do
greater g’s cause faster or slower speeds?)
15.
[G7-3.4, 2.6] Where do you feel you are being thrown forward? Why does this
occur?
16.
[G7-2.3,2.4,3.2,3.3] Use the following diagram to identify where tension and
compression forces affect the structure of the ride.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
34
SKYRIDER
QUESTIONS
17.
[G7-2.6, G8-2.6] Do you think the riders in the front car experience the same
sensations as the riders in the rear car? Explain why.
18.
[G8-2.5] State your hand span in centimetres. Use your hand span to calculate the
inside width of a car. (Show your work.)
19.
Estimate the length of one train. Show your calculations.
20.
[G7-2.3,2.4,3.2,3.3] State the location(s) on the ride where the train has the most:
a) potential energy due to gravity
b) kinetic energy
c) centripetal force acting on it
d) deceleration
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
35
SKYRIDER
QUESTIONS
21.
[G8-3.3] What do you think engineers have done in the ergonomic design of the
seating compartments to accommodate people of different weight, height and
age?
22.
Conduct your CONSUMER SURVEY or complete your RIDE SAFETY
EXERCISE if you haven’t already done so.
23.
[ALL EXPECTATIONS MAY BE USED] In a journal entry, reflect on all of
the structural and design features that are used to create an exciting but safe ride.
FOR GRADE EIGHT ONLY
1.
[G8- 3.6] Use your understanding of viscosity to predict how the temperature of
the day in the Park might affect the speed of the ride.
2.
[G8-2.5] Use your understanding of the relationship between mass and weight to
explain why even though your mass stays constant you feel less heavy when
falling.
3.
[G8-3.4] Pneumatic braking systems are used in the roller coaster rides at
Canada’s Wonderland. Why is air a better substance to use than oil to operate
these systems? (Use words such as, compressibility and incompressibility to
explain your answer)
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
36
VORTEX
On Vortex, riders will enjoy the thrills of Canada’s first suspended
roller coaster. This steel coaster plunges over Wonder Mountain,
reaching speeds of 90 km/h. Vortex’s invisible track drives riders
through unrelenting turns, swooping, diving, and plunging over a
scenic waterscape.
QUESTIONS
1.
Look for the safety guide.
a) What are the ride restrictions? Explain each one.
b) What are the ride requirements? Explain what they mean.
2.
Write out all the instructions to riders you can see and hear at the loading
platform.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
37
VORTEX
QUESTIONS
3.
Describe what the operators do to ensure this ride is safe.
4.
[G7-2.6, G8-2.6] List three things that have been done to this ride to make it look
fun, attractive and exciting.
5.
[G7-2.6, G8-2.6] Determine the following in seconds (show your work):
a) the average time for one ride
b) the average time a train stays at the loading platform
6.
[G7-2.6, G8-2.6] Describe how the train gets to the top of the first hill. Include
diagrams.
7.
[G7-2.6, G8-2.6] Which hill on this ride is the highest? State why it must be the
highest.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
38
VORTEX
QUESTIONS
8.
[G7-2.6, G8-2.6] At the bottom of the first drop, which way does the train turn?
Which way do the cars swing? Why do you think they swing this way?
9.
[G7-2.6] (a) At what location(s) do you travel the fastest on this ride?
b) After dropping down the first hill, where do you travel slowest?
c) Do you think you travel faster at the top of a low hill or at the top of a high
hill? Why?
10.
[G7-2.6] Is there any time on the ride when you feel as if you are leaving your
seat? Explain.
11.
[G7-2.6] At what location(s) do you feel pressed down on your seat the most?
Why does this occur? Is the car with its passengers heavier when this occurs?
Explain.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
39
VORTEX
QUESTIONS
12.
[G7-2.3,2.4,3.2,3.3, ] If you are using an accelerometer record the number of g’s
you observe when you feel lightest and heaviest? Where do these points occur?
13.
[G7-2.3,2.4,3.2,3.3, G8-2.4] Use the observations made with your accelerometer
to determine how gravitational force affects the movement of an object. (e.g. Do
greater g’s cause faster or slower speeds?)
14.
[G7-2.6] Where do you feel you are being thrown forward? Why does this occur?
15.
[G7-2.3,2.4,3.2,3.3] Use the following diagram to identify where tension and
compression forces affect the structure of the ride.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
40
VORTEX
QUESTIONS
16.
[7-S2.6, 8-S2.6] Do you think the riders in the front car experience the same
sensations as the riders in the rear car? Explain why.
17.
[8-S2.5] State your hand span in centimetres. Use your hand span to calculate the
inside width of a car. (Show your work.)
18.
Estimate the length of one train. Show your calculations.
19.
[7-S2.3,2.4,3.2,3.3] State the location(s) on the ride where the train has the most:
a) potential energy due to gravity
b) kinetic energy
c) centripetal force acting on it
d) deceleration
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
41
VORTEX
QUESTIONS
20.
[8-S3.3] What do you think engineers have done in the ergonomic design of the
seating compartments to accommodate people of different weight, height and
age?
21.
Conduct your CONSUMER SURVEY or complete the RIDE SAFETY
EXERCISE if you haven’t already done so.
22.
[ALL EXPECTATIONS MAY BE USED] In a journal entry, reflect on all of
the structural and design features that are used to create an exciting but safe ride.
FOR GRADE EIGHT ONLY
1.
[8-M3.6] Use your understanding of viscosity to predict how the temperature of
the day in the park might affect the speed of the ride.
2.
[8-S2.5] Use your understanding of the relationship between mass and weight to
explain why even though your mass stays constant you feel less heavy when
falling.
3.
[8-M3.4] Pneumatic braking systems are used in the roller coaster rides at
Canada’s Wonderland. Why is air a better substance to use than oil to operate
these systems? (Use words such as, compressibility and incompressibility to
explain your answer)
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
42
MIGHTY CANADIAN MINEBUSTER
The Mighty Canadian Minebuster is the largest and longest wooden coaster
in Canada. Its immense wooden track is full of side-winding turns, stomach
lifting camel humps, and breath-taking drops. The Minebuster reaches
astounding speeds of more than 90 km/h on its 4000 feet of serpentine designed track.
QUESTIONS
1.
Look for the safety guide.
a) What are the ride restrictions? Explain each one.
b) What are the ride requirements? Explain what they mean.
2.
Write out all the instructions to riders you can see and hear at the loading
platform.
3.
Describe what the operators do to ensure this ride is safe.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
43
MIGHTY CANADIAN MINEBUSTER
QUESTIONS
4.
[7-S2.6, 8-S2.6] List three things that have been done to this ride to make
it look fun, attractive and exciting.
5.
[7-S2.6, 8-S2.6] Determine the following in seconds (show your work):
a) the average time for one ride
b) the average time a train stays at the loading platform
6.
[7-S2.6, 8-S2.6] Describe how the train gets to the top of the first hill. Include
diagrams.
7.
[7-S2.6, 8-S2.6] Which hill on this ride is the highest? State why it must be the
highest.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
44
MIGHTY CANADIAN MINEBUSTER
QUESTIONS
8.
[7-S2.6, 8-S2.6] (a) At what location(s) do you travel fastest on this ride?
b) After dropping down the first hill, where do you travel the slowest?
c) Do you think you travel faster at the top of a low hill or at the top of a high
hill? Why?
9.
[7-S3.4] Is there any time on the ride when you feel as if you are leaving your
seat? Explain.
10.
[7-S3.4] At what location(s) do you feel pressed down on your seat the most?
Why does this occur?
11.
[7-S2.3,2.4,3.2,3.33] If you are using an accelerometer record the number of g’s
you observe when you feel lightest and heaviest? Where do these points occur?
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
45
MIGHTY CANADIAN MINEBUSTER
QUESTIONS
12.
[7-S2.4,2.4,3.2,3.3, 8-S2.5] Use the observations made with your accelerometer
to determine how gravitational force affects the movement of an
object. (e.g. Do greater g’s cause faster or slower speeds?)
13.
[7-S3.4] Where do you feel you are being thrown forward? Why does this occur?
14.
[7-S.3,2.4,3.2,3.3] Use the following diagram to identify where tension and
compression forces affect the structure of the ride.
15.
[7-S2.6, 8-S2.6] Do you think the riders in the front car experience the same
sensations as the riders in the rear car? Explain why.
16.
[8-S2.5] State your hand span in centimetres. Use your hand span to calculate the
inside width of a car. (Show your work.)
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
46
MIGHTY CANADIAN MINEBUSTER
QUESTIONS
17.
Estimate the length of one train. Show your calculations.
18.
[7-S2.3,2.4,3.2,3.3] State the location(s) on the ride where the train has the most:
a) potential energy due to gravity
b) kinetic energy
c) centripetal force acting on it
d) deceleration
19.
[8-S3.3] What do you think engineers have done in the ergonomic design of the
seating compartments to accommodate people of different weight, height and
age?
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
47
MIGHTY CANADIAN MINEBUSTER
QUESTIONS
20.
Conduct your CONSUMER SURVEY or complete the RIDE SAFETY
EXERCISE if you haven’t already done so.
21.
[ALL EXPECTATIONS MAY BE USED] In a journal entry, reflect on all of
the structural and design features that are used to create an exciting but safe ride.
FOR GRADE EIGHT ONLY
1.
[8-M3.6] Use your understanding of viscosity to predict how the temperature of
the day in the Park might affect the speed of the ride.
2.
[8-S2.5] Use your understanding of the relationship between mass and weight to
explain why even though your mass stays constant you feel less heavy when
falling.
3.
[8-M3.4] Pneumatic braking systems are used in the roller coaster rides at
Canada’s Wonderland. Why is air a better substance to use than oil to operate
these systems? (Use words such as, compressibility and incompressibility to
explain your answer)
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
48
FLIGHT DECK
Flight Deck is Canada’s only inverted looping jet coaster. This mega coaster
simulates flight with speeds of 90 km/h, exhilarating 90 o vertical climbs, barrel
rolls, inverted wing loopovers, a 270o after burn and a complete snap roll over.
Riders take flight in a fully open cockpit suspended beneath the coaster’s steel
track as the sky races below.
QUESTIONS
1.
Look for the safety guide.
a) What are the ride restrictions? Explain each one.
b) What are the ride requirements? Explain what they mean.
2.
[8-S3.9] As you are moving from the entrance to the loading platform, you pass
through areas that are informative as well as entertaining. Describe the features of
the areas listed below. (Include both qualitative and quantitative descriptions.)
a) the aircraft carrier
b) the engine room
c) the ranger deck
d) the bridge
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
49
FLIGHT DECK
QUESTIONS
3.
Write out all the instructions to riders you can see and hear at the
loading platform.
4.
Describe what the operators do to ensure this ride is safe.
5.
List three things that have been done to this ride to make it look fun, attractive
and exciting.
6.
[7-S2.6, 8-S2.6] Determine the following in seconds (show your work):
a) the average time for one ride
b) the average time a train stays at the loading platform
7.
[7-S2.6, 8-S2.6] Put these parts in the order in which they occur during one
complete ride: side winder; roll over; brakes; highest hill, dewinder; loading; spin.
(Note: Several parts may be listed more than once.)
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
50
FLIGHT DECK
QUESTIONS
8.
[7-S2.6, 8-S2.6] Describe how the train gets to the top of the first hill. Include
diagrams.
9.
[7-S2.6, 8-S2.6] Which hill on this ride is the highest? State why it must be the
highest.
10.
[7-S2.6, 8-S2.6] (a) At what location(s) do you travel fastest on this ride?
b) after dropping down the first hill, where do you travel the slowest?
c) Do you think you travel faster at the top of a low hill or at the top of a high
hill? Why?
11.
[7-S3.4] Is there any time on the ride when you feel as if you are leaving your
seat? Explain.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
51
FLIGHT DECK
QUESTIONS
12.
[7-S2.6] At what location(s) do you feel pressed down on your seat the
most? Why does this occur?
13.
[7-S2.3,2.4,3.2,3.3] If you are using an accelerometer record the number of g’s
you observe when you feel lightest and heaviest? Where do these points occur?
14.
[7-S2.3,2.4,3.2,3.3, 8-2.4] Use the observations made with your accelerometer to
determine how gravitational force affects the movement of an object. (e.g. Do
greater g’s cause faster or slower speeds?)
15.
[7-S2.6] Where do you feel you are being thrown forward? Why does this occur?
16.
[7-S2.3,2.4,3.2,3.3] Use the following diagram to identify where tension and
compression forces affect the structure of the ride.
17.
[7-S2.6, 8-S2.6] Do you think the riders in the front car experience the same
sensations as the riders in the rear car? Explain why.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
52
FLIGHT DECK
QUESTIONS
18.
[8-S2.5] State your hand span in centimetres. Use your hand span to calculate the
inside width of a car. (Show your work.)
19.
Estimate the length of one train. Show your calculations.
20.
[8-S3.3] What do you think engineers have done in the ergonomic design of the
seating compartments to accommodate people of different weight, height and
age?
21.
Conduct your CONSUMER SURVEY or complete the RIDE SAFETY
EXERCISE if you haven’t already done so.
22.
[ALL EXPECTATIONS MAY BE USED] In a journal entry, reflect on all of
the structural and design features that are used to create an exciting but safe ride.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
53
FLIGHT DECK
QUESTIONS
FOR GRADE EIGHT ONLY
1.
[8-M3.6] Use your understanding of viscosity to predict how the temperature of
the day in the park might affect the speed of the ride.
2.
[8-S2.5] Use your understanding of the relationship between mass and weight to
explain why even though your mass stays constant you feel less heavy when
falling.
3.
[8-M3.4] Pneumatic braking systems are used in the roller coaster rides at
Canada’s Wonderland. Why is air a better substance to use than oil to operate
these systems? (Use words such as, compressibility and incompressibility to
explain your answer)
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
54
DROP TOWER
On Drop Tower riders sit on a high-speed transport lift that travels over
16 feet per second, 230 feet in the air. At the top of the tower, guests have
but moments to take in the panoramic view of the Park before it registers
that what goes up must come down. Free falling at more than 100 km/h,
23 stories flash by as the ground races up and catches riders in a silent,
smooth stop.
QUESTIONS
1.
Look for the safety guide.
a) What are the ride restrictions? Explain each one.
b) What are the ride requirements? Explain what they mean.
2.
Write out all the instructions to riders you can see and hear at the loading
platform.
3.
[8-S3.9] List the materials used to build this ride. Why would amusement ride
engineers choose these materials for the outdoor environment?
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
55
DROP TOWER
QUESTIONS
4.
[8-S3.9] List three things that have been done to this ride to make it
look fun, attractive and exciting.
5.
[7-S2.6, 8-S2.6] Determine the following in seconds (show your work):
a) the average time for one ride
b) the average time the ride stays at the loading platform
6.
[7-S2.6, 8-S2.6] Put the parts listed below in the order in which they occur during
one complete ride: highest speed; unloading; free fall; braking; loading; lift (Note:
Several parts may be listed more than once.)
7.
[7-S3.4, 8-S2.7] Where on this ride is the passenger compartment’s kinetic energy
the highest?
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
56
DROP TOWER
QUESTIONS
8.
[7-S2.6, 8-S2.6] Answer the following questions for this ride.
a) At what point(s) are you gaining speed?
b) At what point(s) are you losing speed?
c) At what point(s) do you feel the lightest?
d) At what point(s) do you feel the heaviest?
9.
[7-S3.4] Draw a picture of the stunt tower and label the points where you feel
pressed down on your seat the most. Why does this occur? Is the passenger
compartment heavier when this occurs?
10.
[7-S2.3,2.4,3.2,3.3] If you are using an accelerometer record the number of g’s
you observe when you feel lightest and heaviest?
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
57
DROP TOWER
QUESTIONS
11.
[7-S2.3,2.4,3.2,3.3, 8-S2.4] Use the observations made with your accelerometer to
determine how gravitational force affects the movement of an object.
(e.g. Do greater g’s cause faster or slower speeds?)
12.
[7-S2.3,2.4,3.2,3.3] Use the following diagram to identify where tension and
compression forces affect the structure of the ride.
13.
[7-S3.4, 8-S2.6] List all of the forces that affect the movement of this ride.
14.
[8-S2.5] State your hand span in centimetres. Use your hand span to calculate the
inside width of the passenger compartment. (Show your work.)
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
58
DROP TOWER
QUESTIONS
15.
[7-S3.5, 8-S3.3] Use symmetry to determine where the centre of gravity is located
on this ride when the passenger car has fallen halfway down? Draw a picture that
shows the approximate location of the centre of gravity.
16.
[8-S2.5] What do you think engineers have done in the ergonomic design of the
seating compartments to accommodate people of different weight, height and
age?
17.
Conduct your CONSUMER SURVEY or complete your RIDE SAFETY
EXERCISE if you haven’t already done so.
18.
[ALL EXPECTATIONS MAY BE USED] In a journal entry, reflect on all of
the electrical and mechanical features that are used to create an exciting but safe
ride.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
59
DROP TOWER
QUESTIONS
FOR GRADE EIGHT ONLY
1.
[8-M3.6] Use your understanding of viscosity to predict how the temperature of
the day in the park might affect the speed of the ride.
2.
[8-S2.5] Use your understanding of the relationship between mass and weight to
explain why even though your mass stays constant you feel less heavy when
falling.
3.
[8-M3.4, 8-S2.6] Drop Tower has a dual braking system. You are stopped from
the free fall by a copper braking mechanism. The ride comes to a complete stop
and descends the remaining few meters onto pneumatic bumpers, which secure
the car at the loading and unloading platform. Describe the different sensations
that you feel as a result of these two braking systems. (Use words such as friction
and compressibility)
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
60
THE FLY
The Fly takes four thrill seekers at a time over an exhilarating 50-foot drop, through hairpin twists and
turns and wild, breathtaking bumps. This coaster’s unique design provides each rider with the feeling that
they are riding in the front car while also allowing for some of the wildest side winding turns ever
experienced in a coaster.
QUESTIONS
1.
Look for the safety guide.
a) What are the ride restrictions? Explain each one.
b) What are the ride requirements? Explain what they mean.
2.
Write out all the instructions to riders you can see and hear at the loading
platform.
3.
[7-S10, 8-S12] List three things that have been done to this ride to make it look
fun, attractive and exciting. (e.g. form, colour, pattern, type, surface)
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
61
THE FLY
QUESTIONS
4.
[7-S2.6, 8-S2.6] Determine the following in seconds (show your work):
a) the average time for one ride
b) the average time a train stays at the loading platform
5.
[7-S2.6, 8-S2.6] List the parts named below in the order in which they occur
during one complete ride: lowest valley, braking, highest hill, loading,
unloading, zigzag. (Note: Some parts may be listed more than once)
6.
[7-S2.6, 8-S2.6] Describe how the train gets to the top of the first hill. Include
diagrams.
7.
[7-S2.6, 8-S2.6] Which hill on this ride is the highest? State why it must be the
highest.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
62
THE FLY
QUESTIONS
8.
[7-S2.6, 8-S2.6] (a) At what location(s) do you travel fastest on this ride?
b) After dropping down the first hill, where do you travel the slowest?
c) Do you think you travel faster at the top of a low hill or at the top of a high
hill? Why?
9.
[7-S3.4] Is there any time on the ride when you feel as if you are leaving your
seat? Explain.
10.
[7-S3.4] At what location(s) do you feel pressed down on your seat the most?
Why does this occur?
11.
[7-S2.3,2.4,3.2,3.3] If you are using an accelerometer record the number of g’s
you observe when you feel lightest and heaviest? Where do these points occur?
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
63
THE FLY
QUESTIONS
12.
[7-S2.3,2.4,3.2,3.3, 8-2.4] Use the observations made with your accelerometer to
determine how gravitational force affects the movement of an object. (e.g. Do
greater g’s cause faster or slower speeds?)
13.
[7-S3.4] Where do you feel you are being thrown forward? Why does this occur?
14.
[7-S2.3,2.4,3.2,3.3] Use the following diagram to identify where tension and
compression forces affect the structure of the ride.
15.
[8-S2.5] State your hand span in centimetres. Use your hand span to calculate the
inside width of a car. (Show your work.)
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
64
THE FLY
QUESTIONS
16.
[8-S3.3,2.5] What do you think engineers have done in the ergonomic design of
the seating compartments to accommodate people of different weight, height and
age?
17.
Estimate the length of one cart. Show your calculations.
18.
[7-S2.3,2.4,3.2,3.3] State the location(s) on the ride where the train has the most:
a) potential energy due to gravity
b) kinetic energy
c) centripetal force acting on it
d) deceleration
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
65
THE FLY
QUESTIONS
19.
Conduct your CONSUMER SURVEY or complete the RIDE SAFETY
EXERCISE if you haven’t already done so.
20.
[ALL EXPECTATIONS MAY BE USED] In a journal entry, reflect on all of
the structural and design features that are used to create an exciting but safe ride.
FOR GRADE EIGHT ONLY
1.
[8-M3.6] Use your understanding of viscosity to predict how the temperature of
the day in the Park might affect the speed of the ride.
2.
[8-S2.5] Use your understanding of the relationship between mass and weight to
explain why even though your mass stays constant you feel less heavy when
falling.
3.
[8-M3.4] Pneumatic braking systems are used in the roller coaster rides at
Canada’s Wonderland. Why is air a better substance to use than oil to operate
these systems? (Use words such as compressibility and incompressibility to
explain your answer)
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
66
GRADE 7 & 8
OTHER ACTIVITIES
PARK EXPLORATIONS
CONSUMER SURVEY
RIDE SAFETY EXERCISE
EXPLORING AMUSEMENT PARK CAREERS
JOB SEARCH
BUILDING PROJECT
BUILDING PROJECT RUBRIC
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
67
PARK EXPLORATION
1.
Travel to each of the following rides at Canada’s Wonderland and indicate the
type of mechanical system that engineers have used in building them.
Amusement Ride
Skyrider
Type of Mechanical System
e.g. Truss, Pier, Frame
The Bat
Drop Tower
Vortex
Riptide
Mighty Canadian Minebuster
Flight Deck
2.
Refer back to the question where you identified areas on the rides where you felt a
greater g-force. Since the car and passengers are heavier at those areas, the
structures that hold the track need to be stronger. Observe and describe the thing
that engineers have done in those areas to create a stronger structure. (Look for
thickness of piers, number of support wires, use of trusses, and number of track
ties)
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
68
PARK EXPLORATION
3.
As you make your way through Canada’s Wonderland, observe objects that have
been designed using symmetry. In the chart below, list four (4) symmetrical
objects and describe the function of symmetrical design.
Object Observed
e.g. roller coaster car seats (left &
right)
4.
Symmetrical Function
- maintain balance
- gives equal seating space
While walking past the attractions at Canada’s Wonderland, make a list of all the
moving objects that you observe. Across from each moving object, identify the
force that causes the movement. (e.g. roller coaster train falling from top of hills
– force of gravity)
JOURNAL QUESTION
In a journal entry, reflect on all of the structure and design elements that are taken into
account when creating an amusement ride.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
69
CONSUMER SURVEY
Canada’s Wonderland conducts many consumer surveys, which are designed to gain an
understanding of consumer expectations about safety and excitement. The consumer survey is
intended to gather information on public opinion of many topics that are of interest to businesses
and the public. In each of the activities you are asked to conduct a survey which will identify
consumer expectations regarding the function and effectiveness of amusement rides.
I
YOUR CHALLENGE (Authentic Problem)
You have been hired by Canada’s Wonderland as a junior researcher who is gathering
information on the current rides in the Park in order to choose a new ride for next season. Your
job before you come to the Park is to design a survey, which will allow you to gather information
on student opinions about safety and excitement. You know that the main function of an
amusement ride is excitement and that safety is one indicator of the effectiveness of an
amusement ride. Your task, when you return to your school, is to write a report to your supervisor
at Canada’s Wonderland explaining your findings.
II
DESIGNING YOUR SURVEY (Pre-visit)
Survey topic:
A) Amusement Ride ExcitementB) Amusement Ride Safety
1) Choose a survey topic.
2) Generate 5 open ended questions for your survey
2) Prepare 5 sheets of paper, use one sheet for each question to collect an array of data
III
CONDUCTING YOUR SURVEY
1) Choose a sample group of 15 people (e.g., boys age 12)
2) Approach your population one person at a time or small groups
3) Ask all 5 questions to each person and create an array of data for each on your preprepared sheets
IV
ANALYZING YOUR RESULTS
1) Summarize your data gathered in tally charts
2) Display your data using appropriate graphs
3) Analyze and interpret your data to determine, based on your findings, the kind of ride
you feel should be considered for next season
4) Write a report to your supervisor at Canada’s Wonderland explaining your findings.
V
JOURNAL QUESTION
Interview a classmate about their consumer survey. In a journal entry identify bias in
your classmate’s questions, data collection methods, sample group or analysis of data. If
you are unable to find bias, explain in detail the things that your classmate did to avoid
bias.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
70
RIDE SAFETY EXERCISE
GRADE 7 & 8
Canada’s Wonderland provides for the safety of their guests in many ways. Security
personnel walk the grounds, making sure Park rules are followed by all guests and Park
staff. Park ride operators are well informed about the rides and are always watching to be
sure that the ride is operating properly and safely. Rules are posted at each ride and are
to be obeyed for a safe and enjoyable ride.
Select two different types of rides and answer the following questions on the table.
QUESTIONS
FIRST RIDE
SECOND RIDE
1. What is the name of the ride?
2. What type of ride is it? (Is it a
wooden roller coaster, loop-theloop roller coaster, circular ride,
etc?)
3. Do you have to be a certain
height to ride the ride? If so, how
is this height measured?
4. What safety checks does the
ride operator make prior to
starting the ride?
5. How does the ride operator
start and stop the ride?
6. Does the ride have a lap bar or
safety belt that holds you firmly in
the seat? If so, what form of
safety belt is used and how does
if work?
7. Are there specific rules or
restrictions posted at the ride? If
so, what are they?
8. What other safety features or
operation checks do you see on
the ride?
GENERAL QUESTIONS
9. Why is there a height rule for
some rides and not others?
10. Which rides are more likely to
have safety belts or lap bars?
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
71
EXPLORING AMUSEMENT PARK CAREERS
Just like the real world, a theme or amusement park offers many career opportunities. In
fact, an amusement park is a microcosm, a community regarded as a miniature world.
Your job here is to identify at least one Park career/job for each occupational cluster
listed below. After you identify the career/job, you will need to complete the chart by
listing a few basic skill requirements and the education necessary to be successful in that
particular job.
Good luck on your job search!
Occupational Cluster & Identified Job
Job Description
Necessary Education
1. Agri-business/ Natural Resources
2. Manufacturing
3. Business/ Office
4. Health
5. Public Service
6. Environment
7. Communications/ Media
8. Hospitality/ Recreation
9. Marketing/ Distribution
10. Personal Services
11. Marine Science
12. Construction
13. Transportation
14. Consumer/ Homemaking
15. Fine Arts/ Humanities
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
72
JOB SEARCH
To build an amusement park like Canada’s Wonderland, to keep it going and to keep it
growing, involves many people with different educational backgrounds doing lots of
different things.
Take a break or use some of the time you might be waiting in line to do a little thinking
about what jobs must be filled to successfully operate Canada’s Wonderland. Divide
your jobs into two categories: jobs easily observed and those that must take place behind
the scenes. You may discover a job you might like to have in the future!
a) Jobs easily observed:
1 ______________________ 2 ______________________ 3 ______________________
4 ______________________ 5 ______________________ 6 ______________________
7 ______________________ 8 ______________________ 9 ______________________
10 _____________________ 11 _____________________ 12 _____________________
b) Jobs behind the scenes:
1 ______________________ 2 ______________________ 3 ______________________
4 ______________________ 5 ______________________ 6 ______________________
7 ______________________ 8 ______________________ 9 ______________________
10 _____________________ 11 _____________________ 12 _____________________
c) Select one of the jobs that you identified that might be of interest to you in the
future.
1. What job did you select? _________________________________________________
2. Write a job description for your job _________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3. What education is necessary for your job? ___________________________________
4. What do you expect is the annual salary of your job? $ _________________________
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
73
BUILDING PROJECT
CANADA’S WONDERLAND
GRADE 7 / 8 BUILDING PROJECT
TOPIC
Roller Coaster
Your task will be to build a roller coaster before your trip to Canada’s Wonderland.
Roller coasters will be judged within your school and the top four coasters from your
grade within your school may be submitted in the Canada’s Wonderland Wonder Coaster
Contest. Winning entries at this contest will be displayed in the amusement park and
winning builders will receive a prize. See the contest rules in the DOWNLOADS section
at www.canadaswonderland.com
BUILDING PROJECT REPORT
A report will accompany this building project and will be submitted to your teacher. The
design / build process has many components which act like a formula for constructing an
effective project. In your project report, you will include the following components:
a)
Design diagrams and notes
b)
Building process journal
c)
Materials used and suggested ways of conserving them in the future
d)
Modifications made and problem solving process involved in improving
the performance and aesthetic appeal of the project
e)
Safety factors taken into consideration when building
f)
Charts and tables displaying results of devices that you have tested based
on judging criteria
g)
An oral or written presentation to communicate the results of your
investigation using media works, written notes, diagrams and descriptions
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
74
BUILDING PROJECT REPORT RUBRIC
CATEGORY
Understanding
of Concepts
Demonstrates an
understanding of the
relationship between
the effectiveness of
structural forms & the
forces that act on &
within them
Inquiry and
Design Skills
Designs and makes a
roller coaster, and
investigates the
relationship between
the design and
function of this
structure and the
forces that act on it
LEVEL 1
Relating
Science and
Technology to
Each Other and
the World
Outside the
School
LEVEL 3
LEVEL 4
- gives
explanations that
show limited
understanding of
ways in which
different forces
can affect the
stability of a
structure
- gives partial
explanations of
ways in which
different forces
can affect the
stability of a
structure
- gives complete
or nearly
complete
explanations of
ways in which
different forces
can affect the
stability of a
structure
- gives complete
explanations of
ways in which
different forces
can affect the
stability of a
structure
- with assistance
compiles data
gathered
throughout the
design/build
process & reports
the results of
design
modifications on
the outcome of
the building
project using a
graphic organizer,
i.e. a chart, table,
or labelled graph
information and
ideas with limited
clarity and
precision
- with limited
assistance
compiles data
gathered
throughout the
design/ build
process & reports
the results of
design
modifications on
the outcome of
the building
project using a
graphic organizer,
i.e. a chart, table,
or labelled graph
- communicates
information and
ideas with
moderate clarity
and precision
- independently
compiles data
gathered
throughout the
design / build
process and
reports the results
of design
modifications on
the outcome of
the building
project using a
graphic organizer
such as a chart,
table, or labelled
graph
- communicates
information and
ideas with clarity
and precision
- independently &
consistently
compiles data
gathered
throughout the
design/ build
process & reports
the results of
design
modifications on
the outcome of
the building
project using a
graphic organizer,
i.e. a chart, table,
or labelled graph
- communicates
information and
ideas with a high
degree of clarity
and precision
- shows limited
understanding of
the function of
symmetrical
design in the
structural and
mechanical
systems of a roller
coaster
- shows some
understanding of
the function of
symmetrical
design in the
structural and
mechanical
systems of a roller
coaster
- shows
understanding of
the function of
symmetrical
design in the
structural and
mechanical
systems of a roller
coaster
- shows thorough
understanding of
the function of
symmetrical
design in the
structural and
mechanical
systems of a roller
coaster
Communication - communicates
Uses appropriate
vocabulary, including
correct science and
technology
terminology to reflect
on the structural and
design features of the
rides
LEVEL 2
GRADE 7
Demonstrates an
understanding of the
factors that must be
considered in the
designing and making
of products
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
75
BUILDING PROJECT REPORT RUBRIC
CATEGORY
Understanding
of Concepts
Demonstrates an
understanding of the
factors that contribute
to the efficient
operation of
mechanics and
systems
Inquiry and
Design Skills
Designs and makes a
roller coaster system
of structures and
mechanisms, and
investigates the
efficiency of the
mechanical devices
that it is comprised of
LEVEL 1
LEVEL 2
LEVEL 3
LEVEL 4
- investigates and
measures forces
(e.g. friction) that
affect the
movement of a
marble on the
roller coaster
track and gives
explanations that
show limited
understanding
- with assistance
compiles data
gathered
throughout the
design / build
process and
reports the results
of design
modifications on
the outcome of
the building
project using a
graphic organizer,
i.e. a chart, table,
or labelled graph
- investigates and
measures forces
(e.g. friction) that
affect the
movement of a
marble on the
roller coaster
track and gives
partial
explanations
- investigates and
measures forces
(e.g. friction) that
affect the
movement of a
marble on the
roller coaster
track and gives
complete or
nearly complete
explanations
- independently
compiles data
gathered
throughout the
design / build
process and
reports the results
of design
modifications on
the outcome of
the building
project using a
graphic organizer,
i.e. a chart ,table,
or labelled graph
- investigates and
measures forces
(e.g. friction) that
affect the
movement of a
marble on the
roller coaster
track and gives
complete
explanations
information and
ideas with limited
clarity and
precision
- with limited
assistance
compiles data
gathered
throughout the
design/ build
process and
reports the results
of design
modifications on
the outcome of
the building
project using a
graphic organizer,
i.e. a chart ,table,
or labelled graph
- communicates
information and
ideas with
moderate clarity
and precision
- shows limited
understanding of
how the
components and
subsystems of
their roller coaster
enable it to
function
efficiently
- shows some
understanding of
how the
components and
subsystems of
their roller coaster
enable it to
function
efficiently
Communication - communicates
Uses appropriate
vocabulary, including
correct science and
technology
terminology to reflect
on the structural and
design features of the
rides
Relating
Science and
Technology to
Each Other and
the World
Outside the
School
GRADE 8
- communicates
information and
ideas with clarity
and precision
- shows
understanding of
how the
components and
subsystems of
their roller coaster
enable it to
function
efficiently
- independently
and consistently
compiles data
gathered
throughout the
design/ build
process and
reports the results
of design
modifications on
the outcome of
the building
project using a
graphic organizer,
i.e. a chart ,table,
or labelled graph
- communicates
information and
ideas with a high
degree of clarity
and precision
- shows thorough
understanding of
how the
components and
subsystems of
their roller coaster
enable it to
function
efficiently
Demonstrates an
understanding of the
factors that can affect
the manufacturing of
a product
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
76
GRADE 7 & 8
ANSWER KEY
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
77
ANSWER KEY
Select the correct word and complete each sentence.
GRAVITY
WEIGHT
MASS
PARABOLA
WEIGHTLESS
1.
The gravity pull between an object and the earth (or another large body) is called
WEIGHT.
2.
The amount of material a body contains is its MASS.
3.
A WEIGHTLESS object appears to have no weight.
4.
A curved path produced by a falling body is called a PARABOLA.
5.
The force of attraction between all bodies in the universe is called GRAVITY.
ACCELERATION
KINETIC ENERGY
DECELERATION
POTENTIAL ENERGY
1.
The energy that an object has because of its position is called POTENTIAL
ENERGY.
2.
An increase in speed is called ACCELERATION.
3.
The energy that an object in motion has is called KINETIC ENERGY.
4.
A decrease in speed is called DECELERATION.
FRICTION
INERTIA
CENTRIPETAL FORCE
FORCE
1.
The tendency of an object to remain at rest or in motion unless acted on by force
is called INERTIA.
2.
A push or pull is a FORCE.
3.
A force pulling or pushing an object towards the centre of its circular path is
called CENTRIPETAL FORCE.
4.
Resistance to motion due to one object rubbing against another is called
FRICTION.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
78
ANSWER KEY
Select the correct word and complete each sentence.
TENSION
TRUSS
FRAME
SHELL
PIER
COMPRESSION
1.
A TRUSS is a series of triangular or rectangular frames.
2.
A structure used to support the compression caused by steel roller coasters is
called a PIER.
3.
TENSION is the force that tends to stretch an object.
4.
A supporting skeleton of a structure is called a FRAME.
5.
A SHELL is a one piece supporting structure.
6.
COMPRESSION is the downward force exerted at the structure’s support piers.
PNEUMATIC
INCOMPRESSIBLE
HYDRAULIC
COMPRESSIBLE
ERGONOMIC DESIGN
1.
If a substance can be made smaller by means of pressure, then it is
COMPRESSIBLE. If, on the other hand, the substance will not reduce in size,
then it is INCOMPRESSIBLE.
2.
Mechanical devices that use fluids such as oil to operate are HYDRAULIC
systems; those that use gases, such as air or nitrogen, are PNEUMATIC systems.
3.
When an amusement ride is built to be comfortable, adjustable to different sizes
of people, and supportive to prevent injury, we can say that it has a/an
ERGONOMIC DESIGN.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
79
ANSWER KEY
Select the correct word and complete each sentence.
ACCELERATE
MASS
MOMENTUM
FRAME
TENSION
COMPRESSION
INERTIA
CENTRIPETAL FORCE
GRAVITY
KINETIC ENERGY
FRICTION
WEIGHTLESS
PIERS
TRUSS
PARABOLA
POTENTIAL ENERGY
1.
As the roller coaster cars roll over a peak, you rise off your seat and feel WEIGHTLESS.
2.
The shape of a roller coaster hill is called a PARABOLA.
3.
The force of GRAVITY pulls you down the roller coaster.
4.
The force of FRICTION slows you down throughout your roller coaster trip.
5.
When you are the highest on the track above the ground, you have the most
POTENTIAL ENERGY.
6.
When you are moving the fastest, you have the most KINETIC ENERGY.
7.
Because of your speed at the bottom of the roller coaster hill, you have enough
MOMENTUM to climb to the top of the next hill.
8.
An inward CENTRIPETAL FORCE is required to make you turn.
9.
Your body has INERTIA and, therefore, tries to move in a straight line when the roller
coaster track turns.
10.
An empty roller coaster train and a loaded train will travel down a hill at the same speed.
Therefore, we can say that a roller coaster train’s speed is not affected by its MASS.
11.
The parts of a steel roller coaster that are used to resist compression forces are called
PIERS.
12.
Wooden roller coasters use this type of triangular structure: TRUSS.
13.
A series of connected parts that make up a roller coaster is called a FRAME.
14.
TENSION occurs on the structure of a roller coaster when the force of the train tends to
cause extension of the supporting structure.
15.
Steel roller coasters are equipped with support piers to help resist the COMPRESSION
forces applied by the trains.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
80
ANSWER KEY
RIPTIDE
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
a) Guests are not recommended to ride while: pregnant, recent surgery or illness,
back or bone injury, high blood pressure, heart condition. In addition, smoking,
eating and drinking are not permitted on the ride, and shirt, shoes and pants are
required, Explanations should include information on how ride restrictions are
precautionary measures meant to ensure a safe and fun ride for all.
b) Guests under 37 cm tall may not ride. Guests must be able to independently
maintain an upright seated position and have head and neck control during the
ride. Ride requirements provide a minimum physical standard that all participants
must meet to be permitted on the ride.
For those boarding, please remain seated with your head back against the headrest
during your ride. Please secure all loose articles and enjoy your ride.
The materials used are: metal, plastic, rust resistant paint. Materials are chosen to
withstand environmental conditions throughout the year including heat, cold and
wet.
Answers may vary. e.g., (colour) Riptide has been painted black and yellow like
a danger sign to make it seem exciting.
a) Answers may vary.
b) The average time the ride stays at the loading platform is 240 seconds,
The order is as follows: loading, lift, highest speed, vertical spin, lift, highest
speed, vertical spin, breaking, unloading,
Kinetic energy is highest at the bottom of any rotation.
a) Speed is lost in the ascent towards the top of any vertical loop.
b) Speed is gained on the descent towards the bottom of any loop.
c) The rider feels lightest on the descent towards the bottom of any loop,
d) The rider feels heaviest on the ascent towards the top of any vertical loop.
The picture should demonstrate concepts articulated in the previous question,
When the rider feels lightest they are experiencing 0 g’s and when the rider feels
heaviest they are experiencing between 2-3 g’s. These points occur towards the
top and bottom of the loops.
The forces acting on this ride are: gravity, centripetal force and electrical force.
The rider feels pressed into their seat on the bottom and top of a vertical spin.
This occurs because the gravitational force (g’s) are greatest at this point. The
passenger compartment and the riders are heavier.
Answers may vary.
The student’s picture should show the centre of gravity in the lower centre of the
passenger compartment when the ride is in the up position.
Engineers have designed restraints that are adjustable to people of different
shapes and sizes.
See consumer survey teacher master
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
81
ANSWER KEY
RIPTIDE (cont’d)
17.
Journal entry should include: information on how a dual electrical motor system
creates excitement by moving both the entire ride and the passenger compartment
separately. Students may also comment on how the ride’s lever arm and counter
balance (a component of the rides mechanical system) provide a variety of
sensations by both slowing down and whipping the passenger compartment in a
controlled rotational loop.
FOR GRADE EIGHT ONLY
1.
2.
3.
The temperature of the day in the Park will affect the viscosity of bearing grease;
a higher temperature causes a lower viscosity resulting in a slightly faster ride.
Students should show understanding that mass does not change but that weight
does change due to gravity. The weight of an object is determined by the object’s
mass and the effect of gravity acting on that object. When the passenger
compartment falls at the same rate as the passenger you experience
weightlessness, (0 gravitational force), because there is nothing pushing back on
you.
There are two levers on this ride located at each end; longer levers increase the
efficiency because more torque is created using less force.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
82
ANSWER KEY
THE BAT
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
a) Guests are not recommended to ride while: pregnant, recent surgery or illness,
back or bone injury, high blood pressure, heart condition. In addition, smoking,
eating and drinking are not permitted on the ride, and shirt, shoes and pants are
required. Explanations should include information on how ride restrictions are
precautionary measures meant to ensure a safe and fun ride for all.
b) Guests under 122 cm tall may not ride. Guests must be able to independently
maintain an upright seated position and have head and neck control during the
ride. Ride requirements provide a minimum physical standard that all participants
must meet to be permitted on the ride.
There is a canopy under the track to prevent people who are waiting in line from
being hit by debris such as coins, sunglasses etc.
For those boarding, please remain seated with your head back against the headrest
during your ride. Keep your hands, arms and legs inside the train at all times.
Please secure all loose articles and enjoy your ride.
Answers may vary. e.g., (form) The Bat is shaped like a boomerang, spectators
can see the ride moving forwards and backwards.
a) Answers may vary.
b) The average time the ride stays at the loading platform is 40 seconds.
When the car is turning the side wheel experiences the greatest force, when the
car is climbing the top wheel experiences the greatest force, when the car is
upside down the bottom wheel experiences the greatest force.
The order is as follows: loading, lift, highest speed, boomerang, vertical loop, lift,
highest speed, vertical loop, boomerang, braking, unloading.
The train gets to the top of the first ramp using a pulley mechanism; the train is
pulled to the top of the first ramp.
a) Gravitational potential energy is highest at the top of the first and second ramp.
b) Kinetic energy is highest at the bottom of the first and second ramp.
a) Speed is lost in the ascent towards the top of the second ramp before being
hooked onto the pulley.
b) Speed is gained on the descent towards the bottom of both ramps.
c) The rider feels lightest on the descent towards the bottom of both ramps and at
the top of the vertical loop. This is due to decreased gravitational force causing
the body’s weightlessness.
d) The rider feels heaviest on the ascent towards the top of any vertical loop.
The rider feels pressed into their seat towards the bottom and top of a vertical
loop. This occurs because the gravitational force (g’s) are greatest at these points.
The passenger compartment and the riders are heavier.
When the rider feels lightest they are experiencing 0 g’s and when the rider feels
heaviest they are experiencing between 2-3 g’s. These points occur towards the
top and bottom of the loops.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
83
ANSWER KEY
THE BAT (cont’d)
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
Less g force results in greater speed e.g. in free fall (0 g’s) the coaster car
accelerates to its top speed. The greater the g forces acting against an object, the
slower the object will move e.g. at the bottom of the coaster’s free fall, as it
begins to move back up toward a higher point the car begins to slow as its
gravitational force increases.
A passenger feels that they are thrown forward at the end of the ride during
braking. This is due to inertia; the passenger tends to want to keep moving after
the train has stopped.
There are compression forces at the piers and tension forces on the wires.
Riders in the front of the train have different sensations than those in the rear of
the train. Riders in the rear car feel longer acceleration periods than those in the
front car since the front car is already part way down the hill when the train starts
its free fall.
Answers may vary.
Answers may vary.
The train is not able to climb to the top of the second ramp without the help from
a motor because the train looses its initial potential energy due to friction on the
track.
Engineers have designed restraints that are adjustable to people of different
shapes and sizes. Seats are divided to give each passenger equal space.
See consumer survey teacher master
Journal entry should include: information on how roller coaster engineers have
used cylindrical piers, triangulation, track ties, top and bottom wheels, padded
seating compartments, seat restraints, fenced in spaces, safety instructions etc to
create an exciting but safe ride.
FOR GRADE EIGHT ONLY
1.
The temperature of the day in the park will affect the viscosity of bearing grease
on the wheels of the coaster; a higher temperature causes a lower viscosity
resulting in a slightly faster ride.
2.
Students should show understanding that mass does not change but that weight
does change due to gravity. The weight of an object is determined by the object’s
mass and the effect of gravity acting on that object. When the passenger
compartment falls at the same rate as the passenger you experience
weightlessness, (0 gravitational force), because there is nothing pushing back on
you.
3.
Air is a better substance to use for the roller coaster braking system since air is
more compressible than oil, which is nearly incompressible. Air allows engineers
to employ an antilock breaking system which modulates the intensity of the
breaking action over short intervals of time. The roller coaster car slows down
more gradually rather than in a jerking motion.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
84
ANSWER KEY
SKYRIDER
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
a) Guests are not recommended to ride while: pregnant, recent surgery or illness,
back or bone injury, high blood pressure, heart condition. In addition, smoking,
eating and drinking are not permitted on the ride, and shirt, shoes and pants are
required. Explanations should include information on how ride restrictions are
precautionary measures meant to ensure a safe and fun ride for all.
b) Guests must straddle the support with both feet flat on the floor. Guests must
posses upper body control and be able to stand in an upright position while
maintaining balance during the ride. Ride requirements provide a minimum
physical standard that all participants must meet to be permitted on the ride.
For those boarding, we ask that you secure all loose articles and keep both feet
flat on the floor at all times. Please keep hands, arms and legs inside the train and
have a good ride.
Answers may vary. e.g., (type) Skyrider is the only stand-up roller coaster in
Wonderland.
a) Answers may vary.
b) The average time the ride stays at the loading platform is 195 seconds.
The order is as follows: loading, highest hill, lowest valley, vertical loop,
horizontal loop, first braking, second braking, unloading.
The train gets pulled to the top of the first ramp using a chain. The chain is
connected to a series of sprockets similar to the ones on a bicycle which allow
the chain to travel from the bottom to the top of the first hill. The train attaches
itself to the chain and is pulled to the top of the first hill.
The first hill is the highest because the roller coaster will not have enough energy
to climb another hill of the same height since energy is lost due to friction.
a) The fastest part of the ride is at the bottom of the first hill.
b) The slowest part of the ride is when traveling up towards the top of the first
loop.
c) You travel faster at the top of a low hill because you have more kinetic energy
at that point than you would with a higher hill.
You feel that you are leaving your seat while going down any of the hills. This is
due to decreased gravitational force causing the body’s weightlessness.
The rider feels pressed into their seat towards the bottom and top of a vertical
loop. This occurs because the gravitational force (g’s) are greatest at these points.
The passenger compartment and the riders are heavier.
The height of the seat is important for the safety and enjoyment of the passenger
because it must be high enough so that the rider stays securely in their seat and
low enough so that the rider can keep their feet on the ground.
Opinion question - answers may vary.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
85
ANSWER KEY
SKYRIDER (cont’d)
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
When the rider feels lightest they are experiencing 0 g’s and when the rider feels
heaviest they are experiencing between 2-3 g’s. These points occur towards the
top and bottom of the loops.
Less g force results in greater speed ego. In free fall (0 g’s) the coaster car
accelerates to its top speed. The greater the g forces acting against an object, the
slower the object will move ego at the bottom of the coaster’s free fall, as it
begins to move back up toward a higher point the car begins to slow as its
gravitational force increases.
A passenger feels that they are thrown forward at the end of the ride during
braking. This is due to inertia; the passenger tends to want to keep moving after
the train has stopped. .
There are compression forces at the piers and tension forces on the wires.
Riders in the front of the train have different sensations than those in the rear of
the train. Riders in the rear car feel longer acceleration periods than those in the
front car since the front car is already part way down the hill when the train starts
its free fall.
Answers may vary.
Answers may vary.
a) Gravitational potential energy is highest at the top of the ramp.
b) Kinetic energy is highest at the bottom of the first ramp.
c) Centripetal force is greatest on the vertical and horizontal loops.
d) Deceleration is greatest at the end of the ride before; the cars reach the loading
platform.
Engineers have designed restraints that are adjustable to people of different
shapes and sizes. Seats are divided to give each passenger equal space.
See consumer survey teacher master
Journal entry should include: information on how roller coaster engineers have
used cylindrical piers, triangulation, track ties, top and bottom wheels, padded
seating compartments, seat restraints, fenced in spaces, safety instructions etc to
create an exciting but safe ride.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
86
ANSWER KEY
SKYRIDER (cont’d)
FOR GRADE EIGHT ONLY
1.
2.
3.
The temperature of the day in the park will affect the viscosity of bearing grease
on the wheels of the coaster; a higher temperature causes a lower viscosity
resulting in a slightly faster ride.
Students should show understanding that mass does not change but that weight
does change due to gravity. The weight of an object is determined by the object’s
mass and the effect of gravity acting on that object. When the passenger
compartment falls at the same rate as the passenger you experience
weightlessness, (0 gravitational force), because there is nothing pushing back on
you.
Air is a better substance to use for the roller coaster braking system since air is
more compressible than oil, which is nearly incompressible. Air allows engineers
to employ an antilock breaking system which modulates the intensity of the
breaking action over short intervals of time. The roller coaster car slows down
more gradually rather than in a jerking motion.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
87
ANSWER KEY
VORTEX
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
a) Guests are not recommended to ride while: pregnant, recent surgery or illness,
back or bone injury, high blood pressure, heart condition. In addition, smoking,
eating and drinking are not permitted on the ride, and shirt, shoes and pants are
required. Explanations should include information on how ride restrictions are
precautionary measures meant to ensure a safe and fun ride for all.
b) Guests under 22 cm tall may not ride. Guests must be able to independently
maintain an upright seated position and have head and neck control during the
ride. Ride requirements provide a minimum physical standard that all participants
must meet to be permitted on the ride.
For those boarding, please remain seated with your head back against the headrest
during your ride. Keep your hands, arms and legs inside the train at all times.
Please secure all loose articles and enjoy your ride.
To ensure safety the operators give safety instructions over the P.A. system, check
that safety restraints are properly fastened and monitor the traffic flow on and off
the ride.
Answers may vary. e.g., (type) Vortex has passenger compartments which are
suspended from an overhead track. This feature allows the riders to swing back
and forth in the cars.
a) Answers may vary.
b) The average time the ride stays at the loading platform is 40 seconds.
The train gets pulled to the top of the first ramp using a chain. The chain is
connected to a series of sprockets similar to the ones on a bicycle which allow the
chain to travel from the bottom to the top of the first hill. The train attaches itself
to the chain and is pulled to the top of the first hill.
The first hill is the highest because the roller coaster will not have enough energy
to climb another hill of the same height since energy is lost due to friction.
At the bottom of the first drop the train turns towards the right while the cars seem
to swing towards the left. The cars swing this way because they have inertia; they
want to keep going in a straight line.
a) The fastest part of the ride is at the bottom of the first hill.
b) The slowest part of the ride is when traveling towards the top of the next hill.
c) You travel faster at the top of a low hill because you have more kinetic energy
at that point than you would with a higher hill.
You feel that you are leaving your seat while going down any of the hills. This is
due to decreased gravitational force causing the body’s weightlessness.
The rider feels pressed into their seat at the bottom of the first hill as the train
starts to ascend again. This occurs because the gravitational force (g’s) is greatest
at this point. The passenger compartment and the riders are heavier.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
88
ANSWER KEY
VORTEX (cont’d)
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
When the rider feels lightest they are experiencing 0 g’s and when the rider feels
heaviest they are experiencing between 2-3 g’s. This occurs at the bottom of the
first hill.
Less g force results in greater speed e.g. in free fall (0 g’s) the coaster car
accelerates to its top speed. The greater the g forces acting against an object, the
slower the object will move e.g. at the bottom of the coaster’s free fall, as it
begins to move back up toward a higher point the car begins to slow as its
gravitational force increases.
A passenger feels that they are thrown forward at the end of the ride during
braking. This is due to inertia; the passenger tends to want to keep moving after
the train has stopped.
There are compression forces at the piers and tension forces on the wires.
Riders in the front of the train have different sensations than those in the rear of
the train. Riders in the rear car feel longer acceleration periods than those in the
front car since the front car is already part way down the hill when the train starts
its free fall.
Answers may vary.
Answers may vary.
a) Gravitational potential energy is highest at the top of the ramp.
b) Kinetic energy is highest at the bottom of the first ramp.
c) Centripetal force is greatest when rounding a curve.
d) Deceleration is greatest at the end of the ride before the cars reach the loading
platform.
Engineers have designed restraints that are adjustable to people of different
shapes and sizes. Seats are divided to give each passenger equal space.
See consumer survey teacher master
Journal entry should include: information on how roller coaster engineers have
used cylindrical piers, triangulation, track ties, top and bottom wheels, padded
seating compartments, seat restraints, fenced in spaces, safety instructions etc to
create an exciting but safe ride.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
89
ANSWER KEY
VORTEX (cont’d)
FOR GRADE EIGHT ONLY
1.
The temperature of the day in the park will affect the viscosity of bearing grease
on the wheels of the coaster; a higher temperature causes a lower viscosity
resulting in a slightly faster ride.
2.
Students should show understanding that mass does not change but that weight
does change due to gravity. The weight of an object is determined by the object’s
mass and the effect of gravity acting on that object. When the passenger
compartment falls at the same rate as the passenger you experience
weightlessness, (0 gravitational force), because there is nothing pushing back on
you.
3.
Air is a better substance to use for the roller coaster braking system since air is
more compressible than oil, which is nearly incompressible. Air allows engineers
to employ an anti lock breaking system which modulates the intensity of the
breaking action over short intervals of time. The roller coaster car slows down
more gradually rather than in a jerking motion.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
90
ANSWER KEY
MIGHTY CANADIAN MINEBUSTER
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
a) Guests are not recommended to ride while: pregnant, recent surgery or illness,
back or bone injury, high blood pressure, heart condition. In addition, smoking,
eating and drinking are not permitted on the ride, and shirt, shoes and pants are
required. Explanations should include information on how ride restrictions are
precautionary measures meant to ensure a safe and fun ride for all.
b) Guests under 122 cm tall may not ride. Guests must be able to independently
maintain an upright seated position and have head and neck control during the
ride. Ride requirements provide a minimum physical standard that all participants
must meet to be permitted on the ride.
For those boarding, be advised that standing on this ride will result in your
removal from the park. While riding, please remain seated, keep your hands,
arms, and legs inside the train, and hold on to the grab bar at all times. Thank you
and enjoy your ride.
To ensure safety the operators give safety instructions over the P.A. system, check
that safety restraints are properly fastened and monitor the traffic flow on and off
the ride.
Answers may vary. e.g., (form) Mighty Canadian Minebuster is a huge wooden
roller coaster that allows the riders to feel the track.
a) Answers may vary.
b) The average time the ride stays at the loading platform is 45 seconds.
The train gets pulled to the top of the first ramp using a chain. The chain is
connected to a series of sprockets similar to the ones on a bicycle which allow the
chain to travel from the bottom to the top of the first hill. The train attaches itself
to the chain and is pulled to the top of the first hill.
The first hill is the highest because the roller coaster will not have enough energy
to climb another hill of the same height since energy is lost due to friction.
a) The fastest part of the ride is at the bottom of the first hill.
b) The slowest part of the ride is when travailing up towards the top of the first
loop.
c) You travel faster at the top of a low hill because you have more kinetic energy
at that point than you would with a higher hill.
You feel that you are leaving your seat while going down any of the hills. This is
due to decreased gravitational force causing the body’s weightlessness.
The rider feels pressed into their seat at the bottom of the first hill as the train
starts to ascend again. This occurs because the gravitational force (g’s) is greatest
at this point. The passenger compartment and the riders are heavier.
When the rider feels lightest they are experiencing 0 g’s and when the rider feels
heaviest they are experiencing between 2-3 g’s. This occurs at the bottom of the
first hill.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
91
ANSWER KEY
MIGHTY CANADIAN MINEBUSTER (cont’d)
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
Less g force results in greater speed e.g. in free fall (0 g’s) the coaster car
accelerates to its top speed. The greater the g forces acting against an object, the
slower the object will move e.g. at the bottom of the coaster’s free fall, as it
begins to move back up toward a higher point the car begins to slow as its
gravitational force increases.
A passenger feels that they are thrown forward at the end of the ride during
braking. This is due to inertia; the passenger tends to want to keep moving after
the train has stopped.
There are compression forces at the piers and tension forces on the wires.
Riders in the front of the train have different sensations than those in the rear of
the train. Riders in the rear car feel longer acceleration periods than those in the
front car since the front car is already part way down the hill when the train starts
its free fall.
Answers may vary.
Answers may vary.
a) Gravitational potential energy is highest at the top of the ramp.
b) Kinetic energy is highest at the bottom of the first ramp.
c) Centripetal force is greatest when rounding a curve.
d) Deceleration is greatest at the end of the ride before the cars reach the loading
platform.
Engineers have designed restraints that are adjustable to people of different
shapes and sizes. Seats are divided to give each passenger equal space.
See consumer survey teacher master
Journal entry should include: information on how roller coaster engineers have
used cylindrical piers, triangulation, track ties, top and bottom wheels, padded
seating compartments, seat restraints, fenced in spaces, safety instructions etc to
create an exciting but safe ride.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
92
ANSWER KEY
MIGHTY CANADIAN MINEBUSTER (cont’d)
FOR GRADE EIGHT ONLY
1.
2.
3.
The temperature of the day in the park will affect the viscosity of bearing grease
on the wheels of the coaster; a higher temperature causes a lower viscosity
resulting in a slightly faster ride.
Students should show understanding that mass does not change but that weight
does change due to gravity. The weight of an object is determined by the object’s
mass and the effect of gravity acting on that object. When the passenger
compartment falls at the same rate as the passenger you experience
weightlessness, (0 gravitational force), because there is nothing pushing back on
you.
Air is a better substance to use for the roller coaster braking system since air is
more compressible than oil, which is nearly incompressible. Air allows engineers
to employ an anti lock breaking system which modulates the intensity of the
breaking action over short intervals of time. The roller coaster car slows down
more gradually rather than in a jerking motion.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
93
ANSWER KEY
FLIGHT DECK
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
a) Guests are not recommended to ride while: pregnant, recent surgery or illness,
back or bone injury, high blood pressure, heart condition. In addition, smoking,
eating and drinking are not permitted on the ride, and shirt, shoes and pants are
required. Explanations should include information on how ride restrictions are
precautionary measures meant to ensure a safe and fun ride for all.
b) Guests under 137 cm tall may not ride. Guests must not be over 198 cm to ride.
Guests must be able to independently maintain an upright seated position and
have head and neck control during the ride. Ride requirements provide a
minimum physical standard that all participants must meet to be permitted on the
ride.
Answers may vary. Quantitative answers should include numbers. Qualitative
answers should include descriptions.
For those boarding, please secure all loose articles. Once seated remember to
keep your head back against the head rest and hold on to the hand grips at all
times. Enjoy your ride.
To ensure safety the operators give safety instructions over the P.A. system, check
that safety restraints are properly fastened and monitor the traffic flow on and off
the ride.
Answers may vary. e.g., (form, colour) Flight Deck is styled and coloured to
replicate the F-14 Tomcat fighter jet.
a) Answers may vary.
b) The average time the ride stays at the loading platform is 34 seconds.
The order is as follows: loading, highest hill, rollover, sidewinder, dewinder,
brakes.
The train gets pulled to the top of the first ramp using a chain. The chain is
connected to a series of sprockets similar to the ones on a bicycle which allow the
chain to travel from the bottom to the top of the first hill. The train attaches itself
to the chain and is pulled to the top of the first hill.
The first hill is the highest because the roller coaster will not have enough energy
to climb another hill of the same height since energy is lost due to friction.
a) The fastest part of the ride is at the bottom of the first hill.
b) The slowest part of the ride is when traveling up towards the top of the first
loop.
c) You travel faster at the top of a low hill because you have more kinetic energy
at that point than you would with a higher hill.
You feel that you are leaving your seat while going down any of the hills. This is
due to decreased gravitational force causing the body’s weightlessness.
The rider feels pressed into their seat at the bottom of the first hill as the train
starts to ascend again. This occurs because the gravitational force (g’s) is greatest
at this point. The passenger compartment and the riders are heavier.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
94
ANSWER KEY
FLIGHT DECK (cont’d)
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
When the rider feels lightest they are experiencing 0 g’s and when the rider feels
heaviest they are experiencing between 2-3 g’s. This occurs at the bottom of the
first hill.
Less g force results in greater speed e.g. in free fall (0 g’s) the coaster car
accelerates to its top speed. The greater the g forces acting against an object, the
slower the object will move ego at the bottom of the coaster’s free fall, as it
begins to move back up toward a higher point the car begins to slow as its
gravitational force increases.
A passenger feels that they are thrown forward at the end of the ride during
braking. This is due to inertia; the passenger tends to want to keep moving after
the train has stopped.
There are compression forces at the piers and tension forces on the wires.
Riders in the front of the train have different sensations than those in the rear of
the train. Riders in the rear car feel longer acceleration periods than those in the
front car since the front car is already part way down the hill when the train starts
its free fall.
Answers may vary.
Answers may vary.
Engineers have designed restraints that are adjustable to people of different
shapes and sizes. Seats are divided to give each passenger equal space.
See consumer survey teacher master
Journal entry should include: information on how roller coaster engineers have
used cylindrical piers, triangulation, track ties, top and bottom wheels, padded
seating compartments, seat restraints, fenced in spaces, safety instructions etc to
create an exciting but safe ride.
FOR GRADE EIGHT ONLY
1.
2.
3.
The temperature of the day in the park will affect the viscosity of bearing grease
on the wheels of the coaster; a higher temperature causes a lower viscosity
resulting in a slightly faster ride.
Students should show understanding that mass does not change but that weight
does change due to gravity. The weight of an object is determined by the object’s
mass and the effect of gravity acting on that object. When the passenger
compartment falls at the same rate as the passenger you experience
weightlessness, (0 gravitational force), because there is nothing pushing back on
you.
Air is a better substance to use for the roller coaster braking system since air is
more compressible than oil, which is nearly incompressible. Air allows engineers
to employ an anti lock breaking system which modulates the intensity of the
breaking action over short intervals of time. The roller coaster car slows down
more gradually rather than in a jerking motion.
CANADA'S WONDERLAND – Science Grades 7 & 8
95
ANSWER KEY
DROP TOWER
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
a) Guests are not recommended to ride while: pregnant, recent surgery or illness,
back or bone injury, high blood pressure, heart condition. In addition, smoking,
eating and drinking are not permitted on the ride, and shirt, shoes and pants are
required. Explanations should include information on how ride restrictions are
precautionary measures meant to ensure a safe and fun ride for all.
b) Guests under 137 cm tall may not ride. Guests must be able to independently
maintain an upright seated position and have head and neck control during the
ride. Ride requirements provide a minimum physical standard that all participants
must meet to be permitted on the ride.
For those boarding, please remain seated with your head back against the headrest
during your ride. Keep your hands, arms and legs inside the train at all times.
Please secure all loose articles and enjoy your ride.
The materials used are: metal, plastic, rust resistant paint. Materials are chosen to
withstand environmental conditions throughout the year including heat, cold and
wet.
Answers may vary. e.g., (type) Drop Tower is the only ride in the park where the
passenger experiences total free fall
a) Answers may vary.
b) The average time the ride stays at the loading platform is 112 seconds.
The order is as follows: loading, lift, free fall, highest speed, braking, unloading.
The passenger compartment’s kinetic energy is the highest at the end of free fall
just before braking.
a) speed is gained during the free fall.
b) speed is lost during braking.
c) the passenger feels lightest during free fall.
d) the passenger feels heaviest during braking.
The picture should demonstrate concepts articulated in question 8.
When the rider feels lightest they are experiencing 0 g’s and when the rider feels
heaviest they are experiencing between 2-3 g’s. These points occur towards the
bottom of the stunt tower.
Less g force results in greater speed ego In free fall (0 g’s) the passenger
compartment accelerates to its top speed. The greater the g forces acting against
an object, the slower the object will move ego at the bottom of the passenger
compartment’s free fall.
There are compression forces at the piers and tension forces on the wires.
The forces that affect the movement of this ride are electrical force, gravitational
force and frictional force.
Answers may vary.
The centre of gravity is located in centre of the height of the tower.
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ANSWER KEY
DROP TOWER (cont’d)
16.
17.
18.
Engineers have designed restraints that are adjustable to people of different
shapes and sizes. Seats are divided to give each passenger equal space.
See consumer survey teacher master
Journal entry should include: information on how the electric motor brings the
passenger compartment to the top of the tower and how the pneumatic system
helps to lower the passenger compartment to the loading platform.
FOR GRADE EIGHT ONLY
1.
2.
3.
The temperature of the day in the park will affect the viscosity, of bearing grease
on the wheels of the coaster: a higher temperature causes a lower viscosity
resulting in a slightly faster ride.
Students should show understanding that mass does not change but that weight
does change due to gravity. The weight of an object is determined by the object’s
mass and the effect of gravity acting on that object. When the passenger
compartment falls at the same rate as the passenger you experience
weightlessness, (0 gravitational force), because there is nothing pushing back on
you.
The copper braking mechanism uses friction to bring the car to a complete but
abrupt stop. The pneumatic bumpers provide a much more cushioned resting
place. The pneumatic bumpers provide a cushioned stop because of the
compressibility of air.
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ANSWER KEY
THE FLY
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
a) Guests are not recommended to ride while: pregnant, recent surgery or illness,
back or bone injury, high blood pressure, heart condition. In addition, smoking,
eating and drinking are not permitted on the ride, and shirt, shoes and pants are
required. Explanations should include information on how ride restrictions are
precautionary measures meant to ensure a safe and fun ride for all.
b) Guests under 112 cm tall may not ride. Guests between 112 cm and 137 cm tall
must be accompanied by a chaperone. Guests must be able to independently
maintain an upright seated position and have head and neck control during the
ride. Ride requirements provide a minimum physical standard that all participants
must meet to be permitted on the ride.
For those boarding, please remain seated with your head back against the headrest
during your ride. Keep your hands, arms and legs inside the train at all times.
Please secure all loose articles and enjoy your ride.
Answers may vary. e.g., (pattern, type) The Fly has a zigzag pattern that gives the
rider the impression that they are going to continue straight off the track. The
train and track, however, work together to whip the rider around. creating a safe
but thrilling experience.
a) & b) Answers may vary.
The order is as follows: loading, highest hill, lowest valley, zigzag, braking,
unloading.
The train gets pulled to the top of the first ramp using a chain. The chain is
connected to a series of sprockets similar to the ones on a bicycle which allow the
chain to travel from the bottom to the top of the first hill. The train attaches itself
to the chain and is pulled to the top of the first hill.
The first hill is the highest because the roller coaster will not have enough energy
to climb another hill of the same height since energy is lost due to friction.
a) The fastest part of the ride is at the bottom of the first hill.
b) The slowest part of the ride is when travelling up towards the top of the next
hill.
c) You travel faster at the top of a low hill because you have more kinetic energy
at that point than you would with a higher hill.
You feel that you are leaving your seat while going down any of the hills.
The rider feels pressed into their seat towards the bottom and top of the initial
drop. This occurs because the gravitational force (g’s) are greatest at these points.
The passenger compartment and the riders are heavier.
When the rider feels lightest they are experiencing 0 g’s and when the rider feels
heaviest they are experiencing between 2-3 g’s. These points occur towards the
top and bottom of hills.
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ANSWER KEY
THE FLY (cont’d)
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
Less g force results in greater speed ego In free fall (0 g’s) the coaster car
accelerates to its top speed. The greater the g forces acting against an object, the
slower the object will move ego at the bottom of the coaster’s free fall, as it
begins to move back up toward a higher point the car begins to slow as its
gravitational force increases.
A passenger feels that they are thrown forward at the end of the ride during
braking. This is due to inertia; the passenger tends to want to keep moving after
the train has stopped.
There are compression ‘forces at the piers and tension forces on the wires.
Answers may vary.
Engineers have designed restraints that are adjustable to people of different
shapes and sizes. Seats are divided to give each passenger equal space.
Answers may vary.
a) Gravitational potential energy is highest at the top of the ramp.
b) Kinetic energy is highest at the bottom of the first ramp.
c) Centripetal force is greatest when rounding a curve.
d) Deceleration is greatest at the end of the ride before the cars reach the loading
platform.
See consumer survey teacher master
Journal entry should include: information on how roller coaster engineers have
used cylindrical piers, triangulation, track ties, top and bottom wheels, padded
seating compartments, seat restraints, fenced in spaces, safety instructions etc to
create an exciting but safe ride.
FOR GRADE EIGHT ONLY
1.
2.
3.
The temperature of the day in the park will affect the viscosity of bearing grease
on the wheels of the coaster; a higher temperature causes a lower viscosity
resulting in a slightly faster ride.
Students should show understanding that mass does not change but that weight
does change due to gravity. The weight of an object is determined by the object’s
mass and the effect of gravity acting on that object. When the passenger
compartment falls at the same rate as the passenger you experience
weightlessness, (0 gravitational force), because there is nothing pushing back on
you.
Air is a better substance to use for the roller coaster braking system since air is
more compressible than oil, which is nearly incompressible. Air allows engineers
to employ an anti lock breaking system which modulates the intensity of the
breaking action over short intervals of time. The roller coaster car slows down
more gradually rather than in a jerking motion.
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ANSWER KEY
1.
Travel to each of the following rides at Canada’s Wonderland and indicate the
type of mechanical system that engineers have used in building them.
Amusement Ride
Type of Mechanical System
Skyrider
e.g. Truss, Pier, Frame
The Bat
Truss, Pier, Frame
Drop Tower
Pier
Vortex
Truss, Pier, Frame
Riptide
Pier, Frame
Mighty Canadian Minebuster
Truss, Pier, Frame
Flight Deck
Truss, Pier, Frame
2.
Refer back to the question where you identified areas on the rides where you felt a
greater g-force. Since the car and passengers are heavier at those areas, the
structures that hold the track need to be stronger. Observe and describe the thing
that engineers have done in those areas to create a stronger structure. (Look for
thickness of piers, number of support wires, use of trusses, and number of track
ties)
At the point where the passengers feel greater g-force, engineers have
made the piers thicker and closer together, increased the number of
support wires and increased the number of track tires.
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ANSWER KEY
3.
As you make your way through Canada’s Wonderland, observe objects that have
been designed using symmetry. In the chart below, list four (4) symmetrical
objects and describe the function of symmetrical design.
Object Observed
Symmetrical Function
e.g. roller coaster car seats (left &
right)
- maintain balance
- gives equal seating space
Roller coaster tracks
- keeps car from derailing
Trusses
- gives equal support to the structure
Railing supports in waiting area
Wooden roller coaster frame
Coaster car wheels
Central fountain ledges
4.
- provides equal support throughout the
railing
- provides equal support for each side of
the track
- allows the train to travel in a straight
line along the track
- makes the fountain a rectangle which
gives it a finished look
While walking past the attractions at Canada’s Wonderland, make a list of all the
moving objects that you observe. Across from each moving object, identify the
force that causes the movement. (e.g. roller coaster train falling from top of hills
– force of gravity)
1.
2.
3.
Lift chain - electric motor
Coaster brakes clamping - pneumatic force
Jet Scream turning in a loop - electric motor and centripetal force
JOURNAL QUESTION
In a journal entry, reflect on all of the structure and design elements that are taken into
account when creating an amusement ride.
Roller coaster engineers must take many structure and design factors into
consideration when creating a ride. These structure and design elements include:
the use of cylindrical piers, triangular trusses, weather proof materials and use of
symmetry. As an example, on a wooden roller coaster, triangular trusses and
symmetry are used as well as pressure treated wood. Engineers use these
materials and design elements to create a ride that will withstand the elements
and stay structurally sound for many years.
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