If you govern the people legalistically and control them by

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Selected Excerpts from the Analects of Confucius

1. Confucius said: "If you govern the people legalistically and control them by punishment, they will avoid crime, but have no personal sense of shame. If you govern them by means of virtue and control them with propriety, they will gain their own sense of shame, and thus correct themselves."

2. Confucius said: "The Superior Man is always at ease with himself. The inferior man is always anxious."

3. Nowadays filial piety means being able to feed your parents. But everyone does this for even horses and dogs. Without respect, what's the difference?"

4. Tzu Kung asked about the character of the Superior Man. Confucius said, "First he practices what he preaches and then he follows it."

5. Confucius said: "I don't worry about not having a good position; I worry about the means I use to gain position. I don't worry about being unknown; I seek to be known in the right way."

6. Confucius said: "The Superior Man cares about virtue; the inferior man cares about material things. The Superior Man seeks discipline; the inferior man seeks favors."

7. Confucius said: "If you do everything with a concern for your own advantage, you will be resented by many people."

8. Confucius said: "When you serve your mother and father it is okay to try to correct them once in a while. But if you see that they are not going to listen to you, keep your respect for them and don't distance yourself from them. Work without complaining."

9. Confucius said: "If you are strict with yourself, your mistakes will be few."

10. Confucius said: "People are straightforward at birth. Once they lose this, they rely on luck to avoid trouble."

11. Confucius said: "Knowing it is not as good as loving it; loving it is not as good as delighting in it."

12. Confucius said: "The Superior Man who studies culture extensively, and disciplines himself with propriety can keep from error."

13. Confucius said, "I would not select the kind of man who likes to wrestle with tigers or cross rivers on foot, who can die without a second thought . It must be someone who approaches his business with caution, who likes to plan things well and see them to their completion."

14. Confucius said: "The Superior Man seeks within himself. The inferior man seeks within others."

15. Confucius said: "The Superior Man is concerned about the kind of reputation he will have after he passes away."

16. Confucius said: "The Superior Man suffers from his own lack of ability, not from lack of recognition."

17. Confucius said: "When a person should be spoken with, and you don't speak with them, you lose them. When a person shouldn't be spoken with and you speak to them, you waste your breath. The wise do not lose people, nor do they waste their breath."

18. Tzu Lu asked about the qualities of the Superior Man. Confucius said, "He cultivates himself by comforting others."

"Is that all?"

"He cultivates himself by comforting everyone”

19. Tzu Kung was correcting people. Confucius said, "Ssu (Tzu Kung) must be a superman. I have no spare time to do this."

20. Confucius said: "If your words are not humble, it will be difficult to put them into action."

21. Confucius said: "When the government is just, you may speak boldly and act boldly; when you have an unjust government, you may act boldly, but be careful of what you say.”

22. Confucius said: "The Superior Man is in harmony but does not follow the crowd. The inferior man follows the crowd, but is not in harmony."

23. Confucius said: "When you have gotten your own life straightened out, things will go well without your giving orders. But if your own life isn't straightened out, even if you give orders, no one will follow them."

24. Tzu Kung asked about the way of friendship. Confucius said, "Speak to your friends honestly, and skillfully show them the right path. If you cannot, then stop. Don't humiliate yourself."

25. Confucius said: "In hearing lawsuits, I am no better than anyone else. What we need is to have no lawsuits."

26. Confucius said: "Base yourself in loyalty and trust. Don't be companion with those who are not your moral equal. When you make a mistake, don't hesitate to correct it."

27.

Confucius said: "I was not born with wisdom. I love the ancient teachings and have worked hard to attain to their level."

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