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5 Most Challengi
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Master California’s 15 most challenging mathematics skills with
SkillBridge. With lesson topics chosen based on actual state test
data, SkillBridge offers help in the skills that truly are the most
troublesome. As students move through each lesson, they are
equipped with guidance and connections that allow them to show
independent skill mastery by the end of the lesson. California
references in each lesson offer a unique and familiar
point of entry into difficult skills.
Mathema
tics
California’s 15 most challenging skills
in mathematics, grade 5
• Percents
• Geometric Measurement
• Converting Decimals and
Fractions
• Parallel and Perpendicular
Lines
• Prime Numbers
• Angles of Polygons
• Comparing and Ordering
Fractions
• Area
• Problem-Solving Strategies
• Using Graphs
• Solving Problems
• Input-Output Tables
• Mean
• Making Bar Graphs
• Writing and Solving
Equations
Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco, California
Catalog Number CAB2062W1
P.O. Box 2180
Iowa City, Iowa 52244-2180
ISBN 978-0-7836-6320-3
50599
STUDENT NAME
PHONE: 800-776-3454
FAX: 877-365-0111
www.BuckleDown.com
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Table of Contents
Percents (NS.1.2).................................................................. 4
Converting Decimals and Fractions (NS.1.2). ................... 8
Prime Numbers (NS.1.4)..................................................... 12
Comparing and Ordering Fractions (NS.1.5)................... 16
Problem-Solving Strategies (MR.1.1, MR.2.3)....................... 20
Solving Problems (MR.1.1, MR.2.6)........................................ 24
Input-Output Tables (MR.1.1, MR.2.3).................................... 28
Writing and Solving Equations (AF.1.2). .......................... 32
Geometric Measurement (MG.1.4). ................................... 36
Parallel and Perpendicular Lines (MG.2.1)...................... 40
Angles of Polygons (MG.2.2, MG.2.1).................................... 44
CA5 © 2009 Buckle Down – Options Publishing. COPYING IS FORBIDDEN BY LAW.
Area (MG.1.1)....................................................................... 48
Mean (SP.1.1). ..................................................................... 52
Using Graphs (AF.1.1)........................................................ 56
Making Bar Graphs (SP.1.2).............................................. 60
NS.1.2
CA
At the beginning of each lesson, you will see a box with the shape of
California and a content standard code in it. This code tells you what
is being covered in the lesson.
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NS.1.2
Percents
CA
Percents are a way of showing part of a whole
when the whole is divided into 100 equal parts.
40% means 40 equal parts out of 100.
If 32% of the students at your school have a cat,
that means 32 out of every 100 students have
a cat.
Example 1
You have 100 buttons. 53 of the buttons are
blue. 18 of the buttons are red. 29 buttons are
green.
What percent of the buttons are red?
San Bernardino County, the
largest county in California,
covers about 12% of the state.
Build A Bridge 1
Look at Example 1.
What percent of the
buttons are blue?
You know that you have 100 buttons in all.
18 out of 100 are red.
You can convert a percent into a decimal number. To turn a percent into a
decimal, move the decimal point two places to the left. Remember that if you
don’t see a decimal point, it belongs after the digit in the ones place.
Example 2
Write 54% as a decimal.
54.%
.54.
0.54
Because you don’t see a decimal
point already, it belongs after the
digit in the ones place. Add a
decimal point after the 4.
Move the decimal point two
places.
Add a zero before the decimal
point.
54% 5 0.54
Build A Bridge 2
Write 34% as a decimal.
CA5 © 2009 Buckle Down – Options Publishing. COPYING IS FORBIDDEN BY LAW.
So, 18% of the buttons are red.
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If a percent has only one digit, add a zero as a placeholder.
Example 3
Write 7% as a decimal.
7.%
Add a decimal point after the digit in
the ones place.
.07.
Move the decimal point two places to
the left. In the empty place, add a
zero.
0.07
Add a zero before the decimal point.
Build A Bridge 3
Write 8% as a decimal.
7% 5 0.07
If a percent that you’re converting to a decimal already has a decimal point,
just move the decimal point two places to the left.
Example 4
Write 61.8% as a decimal.
.61.8
Move the decimal point two places
to the left.
0.618
Add a zero before the decimal point.
Build A Bridge 4
Write 72.3% as a
decimal.
CA5 © 2009 Buckle Down – Options Publishing. COPYING IS FORBIDDEN BY LAW.
61.8% 5 0.618
You can also convert a percent into a fraction. To turn a percent into a
fraction, write the percent as the numerator and 100 as the denominator.
Then, if you need to, simplify the fraction.
Example 5
Write 25% as a fraction.
Build A Bridge 5
Write 50% as a fraction.
25
​ 100
​

Write the percent over 100.
25
1
​ 100
​ 5 ​   ​
 4
Simplify.
25% 5 ​ 14 ​

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Guided Practice
1 What is a percent?
2 How do you turn a percent into a decimal?
For Numbers 3–11, write each percent as a decimal.
3 14%
4 93%
5 6%
6 27%
7 27.2%
8 9%
9 6.3%
10 11.1%
11 8.9%
12 30%
13 10%
14 85%
15 37%
16 64%
17 40%
18 Anisha has finished 75% of her homework. What fraction of her homework
has she finished? 19 Kevin has delivered 45% of the newspapers on his route. Write 45% as a
decimal. 20 Rita won 60% of the votes in the election for class president. What fraction
of the votes did she win? CA5 © 2009 Buckle Down – Options Publishing. COPYING IS FORBIDDEN BY LAW.
For Numbers 12–17, write each percent as a fraction. Simplify if possible.
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Practice
For Numbers 1–12, write each percent as a decimal.
1 85%
2 37%
4 99%
5 3%
7 5%
8 72.3%
10 36.9%
11 9.2%
3 1%
6 19.7%
9 7.7%
12 43%
For Numbers 13–21, write each percent as a fraction. Simplify if possible.
13 55%
14 20%
15 8%
16 15%
17 76%
18 5%
19 36%
20 7%
21 90%
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22 Bright View Lake takes up 23.7% of the town of Plainfield. Write this
percent as a decimal. 23 Raoul runs 25% of a relay race. What fraction of the race does he run?
24 Kelly is painting her bedroom. She has finished painting 70% of the room.
Write this number as a decimal. 25 The population of California is about 12% of the population of the United
States. Write this percent as a fraction in simplest form.
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