Distributive Property
The property that states that multiplying a sum by a number
is the same as multiplying each addend by the number and
then adding the products.
Example:
14 × 21 = 14 × (20 + 1) = (14 × 20) + (14 × 1)
Equation
An algebraic or numerical sentence that shows that two
quantities are equal.
3 + 7 = 10
Examples:
4–1=3
12 + n = 21
Inverse Operations
Operations that undo each other, like addition and
subtraction or multiplication and division.
Examples:
5 + 4 = 9, so 9 – 4 = 5
3 × 4 = 12, so 12 ÷ 4 = 3
Partial Quotient
A method of dividing in which multiples of the divisor are
subtracted from the dividend and then the quotients are
added together.
Example:
Remainder
The amount left over when a number cannot be divided
equally.
Variable
A letter or symbol that stands for one or more numbers.
Algebraic Expression
An expression that includes at least one variable.
Examples:
x+5
3a – 4
Base
A number used as a repeated factor.
83= 8 x 8 x 8.
The base is 8.
Evaluate
To find the value of a numerical or algebraic expression
Exponent
A number that shows how many times the base is used as a
factor.
3
8
The exponent is 3, indicating that 8 is used as a factor 3 times.
Integers
The set of whole numbers and their opposites
Numerical Expression
A mathematical phrase that uses only numbers and
operation symbols.
60 + 25
Examples:
42 ÷ 7
51 × 36
Order of Operations
Square Number
The product of a number and itself.
42 = 16
16 is a square number.
Parenthesis
The symbols “(” and “)” are called parentheses and are generally
used in grouping. The value of the expression 5 × 8 + 4 is 40. But
if we use the parentheses with the same expression by grouping, 5
× (8 + 4), the value of the expression will be 60 as the order of
operation gets changed in this case.