Integrated Market Analysis Baseline – Yemen
Terms of Reference
Dates
Xxx
Agencies Xxx
Oxfam, Save the Children UK and Concern Worldwide are jointly working on an initiative, entitled
‘Reinforcing institutional capacity for timely food security emergency response to slow onset crises
at scale’ funded through ECHO - ERC. Since 2012, the consortium has been responding to the need
to improve preparedness to slow onset crises. The first phase of the project focused on 1) enhancing
collection and analysis of market and household economy information; 2) improving situation and
response analysis through the creation of a context appropriate framework leading to timely and
relevant response; and 3) increasing operational preparedness and technical capacity to prepare for
and respond effectively and timely to slow onset crises. During Phase 1 of the project a market
baseline assessment was conducted in Yemen covering Wheat, Livestock and Sorghum. The
assessment concluded that the market systems suffer from a lack of governmental rules and
regulations and policy, and a high level of political instability. A number of interventions were
identified but did not specifically look at sustainable solutions.
Phase 2 of the project seeks to further develop and refine the comprehensive Situational and
Response Analysis Framework, and to institutionalise this approach through the effective roll out of
the framework to practitioners. This comprehensive framework is a combination of tools for
improved situation and response analysis during slow onset crisis. This includes the development of
the Integrated Market Mapping and Analysis Approach.
The role of market for the poor is quite important as poor depends on local market system for
livelihood. In recent years there has been increasing recognition of this approach. While the role of
markets in delivering humanitarian aid – particularly in cash transfer delivery in emergency context is increasingly recognised, the opportunity to support markets to reinforce their capacities and
resilience – as critical components of food and livelihood security – remains largely the domain of
developmental strategies and interventions. This disjuncture between humanitarian response and
long term programming has an impact on the effectiveness and transition between each – especially
in countries with recurrent or predictable crises and with large gender disparities with significant gap
in terms of their access to economic, social and political opportunities.
Considering the above, Oxfam is looking at implementing an integrated market baseline exercise in
Yemen applying approaches used in the Pre-Crisis Market Mapping Analysis (PCMMA) and Oxfam’s
Gendered Enterprise and Markets (GEM) methodologies.
From mid 2013, In Yemen, Oxfam with support from DFID is implementing a multi-year resilience
project. The project focuses on integrated programming including water, hygiene and sanitation
cash transfers, disaster risk reduction, food security and livelihoods interventions. The impact of the
project is ‘Contribute to reduce the impact of chronic poverty, natural hazards and conflict on
affected women, men and children in Western Yemen’. The livelihood output envisaged in the
project is ‘The livelihood systems of most vulnerable women and men in targeted communities are
more diversified and more resilient to shocks and stresses’. Some of the key interventions are to
work with agriculture & livestock producer groups with capacity building package & asset recovery
support, livelihoods diversification of livelihoods & community assets improvement, strengthening
women groups and youth with vocational training & business start up capital.
Under food security and livelihood programme, project works with 1000 small agriculture producers
and farmers (79% men and 21% women), 1200 women small producers, 600 unemployed youth,
1200 occupationally vulnerable households and 3500 livestock keepers. Activities such as capacity
building initiatives (technical and managerial), business development services, asset recovery and
market development are initiated. These activities have been undertaken with close partnership between
Oxfam, Government line department and local community based organisation for wider outreach and
sustained impact. Yet project still encounter challenges from non responsive market, inadequate participation
of women in the programme due to existing culture and norms.
The market baseline assessments implemented under Phase 2 of the ERC project will be used to 1)
inform and refine the activities of the DFID programme and 2) be used to inform future programme
development
Exercise Goal:
The integrated exercise will aim to inform the design of a future food security response (addressing
immediate and long term food needs of men and women) through carrying out a gendered market
analysis baseline (PCMMA/GEM adapted methodology). It will also lead to institutional lessons on
how adapting two market orientated methodologies has the potential to lead to more resilient
gender-sensitive programming which addresses short term pre-crisis needs and long term
development objectives. Oxfam will produce a document in the form of a case study that will be
used as a guiding document for internal as well as external players while addressing an integrated
response,
Exercise Objectives:
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Gather field practice and learning to refine the methodology for gendered market mapping
analysis that integrates emergency and long-term development needs that target men and
women, building on the experience gained in Phase 1 of the ERC Project.
Identify the most appropriate and clear programming model which addresses food and
livelihood security needs for men and women in response to current crises in selected areas and
to recommend steps for maximising capacity of markets to work for poor on a short term and
long term horizon.
Map the existing and potential new opportunities that women have in the market chain and
how this can be strengthened
Identify market actors (formal and informal) to participate in and support a market development
process. Strengthen Oxfam’s country programme capacities in Yemen to conduct market
mapping analysis and apply it to current/future design of preparedness and contingency
planning.
Build understanding of existing coping mechanisms of vulnerable people in target geographical
areas and to inform suggested strategies and guidance for future programming in Yemen.
Outcomes:
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Enhanced capacity and understanding of Oxfam’s staff, local partners and other NGO staff to
better understand markets as an essential input to response analysis and are able to apply the
analysis to project design (e.g. CTP and/or in-kind / Long term livelihood development)
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Shared understanding of the fundamental principles and methodologies of market analysis and
market intervention options across different contexts, and across the programme cycle while
responding to slow onset disaster with response plan-short term to long term.
Market mapping analysis of at least two critical market systems is conducted to inform an
appropriate response/programme design for food security and livelihoods needs. The market
analysis should be based on primary source data and updates, complementing existing
information and knowledge on the critical market systems, with gendered and power
perspectives.
Clear guideline and framework in place for developing integrated programming with focus on
market for poor and Gender Enterprise Market approach which meets short and long term
development needs.
Outputs:
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Well designed training agenda and training materials, sequencing of work and organisation of
analysis to ensure the process is as integrated as possible and build on the strengths of both
tools.
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Draft of adapted tools for combined PCMMA & GEM for use in Yemen.
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Facilitation of staff training on PCMMA/ GEM by consultant (B – refer to last page on team
composition).
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Market Baseline report: The report for each commodity will consists of ‘executive summary,
context (emergency as well as development), methodology & approach undertaken in the
analysis, critical markets-maps and analysis, value chain & existing/ potential roe of women as
chain actor including access and power of the market by women as well as
response/programme recommendations. The recommendation will include a suggested
framework on carrying out the assessment for building the existing programme and initiating
new programme with short term emergency and long term development. It will also include a
proposed monitoring system and indicators – complementary to the FSC assessment and
monitoring strategy. The report will be no longer than 30 pages excluding annexes.
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ERC activity report: summary of the undertaken activities, of skills gained by the participants
and of the evaluation of the exercise by the participants. This report will be 15 pages maximum
and the template will be provided by the ERC Coordinator.
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Methodological report: a report specifically on the methodology, how this worked in practice, if
integration is felt to be useful, and how it can be further improved.
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A powerpoint presentation to highlight the main findings and programmatic recommendations
Geographical Area
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Currently Oxfam is working in two districts in Hodeida and Hajjah. Oxfam will target the
assessment in either of the two governorates.
Methodology
In advance of the consultancy the Yemen Oxfam team will provide information on understanding the
context, setting the scope of the objectives and ensure management consensus and specifically
provide answers on:
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How the market analysis will inform/refine activities being planned for Oxfam’s DFID
Programme and will inform future resilience programming where funds have not yet been
secured.
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The proposed male and female beneficiaries being targeted and provide the consultants
with a profile on who the target population is, what they do and the food commodities they
are dependent upon.
The consultants will follow the steps below as outlined in the PCMMA:
Phase 1: Getting Ready – preparation and selection of critical market for analysis (Remote consultant
support with support of national/regional facilitator)
Selecting Critical Markets
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Pre-determine critical markets and key analytical questions:
define what specific market systems are likely to be most
relevant to the response/programme design
Map and gather the information already available: gather, map
and review existing information on pre-selected markets
Prepare and plan for the market analysis: confirm market team
compositions and develop draft agenda for the market mapping
and analysis exercise.
Phase 2: Getting Information – Data collection (in country exercise –
led by national/regional facilitator)
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Finalising the frame of the analysis: work with the team to
provide common understanding of the principles and
methodology of market mapping and analysis.
Preliminary analysis and mapping: setting the fieldwork agenda,
identify key market actors and reference information, etc.
Collect primary data: conducting fieldwork activities.
Phase 3: Getting Answers – Analysis (in country or elsewhere?? Led
by national/regional facilitator and international consultant)
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Critical markets will be chosen from
the analysis of livelihoods and basic
needs and will have potential for:
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Food security improvement
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Market access and development
opportunity
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Climate change adaptation
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Women’s economic leadership
potential
Other factors: relevance to the poor,
feasibility, risks.
Maximum two markets to be selected,
which should include one consumption
commodity (e.g. wheat); and one
production/income commodity (e.g.
livestock)
Final mapping: finalise market maps, seasonal calendars,
description of key features, bottlenecks, constraints – looking specifically at women’s
roles/responsibilities decision making and access to markets in all phases of the market chain.
Gap and market analysis: Comparison of household economic profiles, analysis of genderspecific priority needs, access and gaps.
Recommendation of programme options: exploration of gender specific response/programme
options.
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Market Monitoring: Determine different market indicators and monitoring system.
Phase 4: Communicate Results (Yemen and Internationally)
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Communication of Results: Consultation with colleagues; presenting conclusions to wider
audiences (donors, agencies, Food security cluster and key stakeholders who are involved in the
market chain)
Team:
For this pilot exercise, Oxfam are looking at two (?) consultants who will work together with
technical advisors from Oxfam.
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One consultant (A) will be the lead adviser providing remote support and lead the analysis of
data, this consultant should have demonstrated experience in leading market analysis exercises
and writing a market baseline report (sample of the previously written could be requested);
One consultant (B) (national/regional with access to Yemen) to facilitate the field exercise and
data collection, this consultant should have demonstrated experience in leading market analysis
Participants will comprise Oxfam and partner staff including ERC consortium staff, plus participants
from other interested agencies.
Tentative agenda:
Timeline: the market mapping and analysis reporting should be completed by 15 November. It is
expected that field work takes place in mid-late October and analysis (either in Yemen or outside) in
November. The final report is to be delivered by 30 November 2014.
Proposed Timeline
Consultants Sana’a, debriefings
Travel to field, prep
Training/start-up:
Field work:
Team Analysis:
Report write-up:
Cons. depart field, debrief/presentation Sana’a
Review/revisions:
Final report:
1 day
1 days
2 days
3 days
2 days
4 days
2 day
2 weeks
27 October
28 October
29-30 October
2-4 November
5-6 Nov
8-11 Nov
12-13 Nov
15-30 Nov
30 Nov