PART THREE 1. 2. 3. Another name for the popular or common music language of a culture is __________. 4. One of the most famous Pop artists known for his serial paintings was __________. a. chromatic a. George Segal b. staccato b. Andy Warhol c. vernacular c. Jasper Johns d. secular d. Mark Rothko [c] [b] The author who wrote stories of his youth along the Mississippi River was __________. 5. The cut-and-paste technique that combines objects of varying content and material to form a work of art is called __________. a. Walt Whitman a. decoupage b. Mark Twain b. sculpture c. Bret Harte c. collage d. Jack Kerouac d. painting [b] [c] The new art genre of the 1960s that presented soup cans, Coke bottles, comic strips and movie stars in glorified detail was called __________. a. Pop Art b. Fauvism c. Cubism d. Minimalism [a] 6. Popular music developed characteristic American traits __________ composers of art music achieved them. a. sooner than b. only after [a] CHAPTER 7 1. James Reese Europe composed some of the most popular __________ early in the twentieth century. 6. a. fugue a. concert band pieces b. art song b. rags c. theme and variations c. polkas d. march d. fox trots [d] 2. [d] 7. The Ragtime King was __________. b. white traditions only b. Patrick Gilmore c. both white and black traditions c. Scott Joplin [c] 8. [c] 3. b. dance a. ragtime pianist c. song b. composer of marches d. form c. composer of Civil War songs [a] 4. Each melodic section in a march or rag is called a __________. a. trio b. break c. strain d. finale [c] 5. The strain in a march or rag that is softer and more melodic than the other strains is called the __________. a. countermelody The cakewalk is a dramatic __________. a. march Eubie Blake was a famous __________. d. song plugger The roots of ragtime lie in __________. a. black traditions only a. Eubie Blake d. John Philip Sousa The form of a rag is similar to that of a(n) __________. [b] 9. The cakewalk rhythm that became a cliché of ragtime was __________. a. short-short-long b. long-long-short c. short-long-short d. long-short-long [c] 10. In ragtime, __________. a. the player’s left and right hands both mark the beat b. the left hand marks the beat and the right hand plays the melody b. break c. the right hand marks the beat and the left hand plays the melody c. finale d. both hands play melody lines d. trio [b] [d] 11. In tonal music, tones that do not belong in the scale on which the piece is based are called __________. a. vernacular b. diatonic c. chromatic d. staccato [c] 12. To rag a melody is to __________. a. vary the tune b. syncopate the rhythm c. enrich the accompanying harmony d. play it on the piano [b] 13. Tin Pan Alley refers to the __________ industry. a. concert management b. musical instrument 16. The story of a Tin Pan Alley song was told in the __________ of the song. a. chorus b. verses [b] 17. To modulate is to change __________. a. words b. instrumentation c. tempo d. key [d] 18. Ragtime was the first syncopated music in the history of Western music. a. true b. false [b] 19. Scott Joplin insisted that rags should be played as written rather than improvised. c. popular music a. true d. ragtime recording b. false [c] [a] 14. Song pluggers were employed by music stores to __________ popular songs. a. orchestrate b. compose c. record d. demonstrate [d] 15. Which one of the following did not significantly affect the popularity of a song in the 1920s? a. piano rolls b. recordings c. radio d. theater performances [c] 20. The perforated sheets on which pianists recorded their performances to be reproduced on a player piano were called __________. a. recordings b. piano scores c. piano rolls [c] 21. One performs on a player piano by __________. a. pumping pedals b. playing on the keyboard [a] 22. “White Christmas,” “Easter Parade,” and “God Bless America” were songs written by __________. 23. Which composer is known for having written sophisticated, chromatic tunes, many of which are quite difficult to sing? a. Cole Porter a. Cole Porter b. George Gershwin b. Irving Berlin c. Irving Berlin [a] [c] CHAPTER 8 1. A repeated or constant pitch is called a __________. 6. a. tone a. zydeco b. drone b. honky-tonk c. yodel c. bluegrass d. reprise d. western swing [b] 2. The early country musicians sang in a(n) __________ manner. [b] 7. a. detached, impersonal b. emotional, sentimental b. guitar and autoharp In the late 1920s, the term hillbilly was applied to __________. c. autoharp and mandolin d. mandolin and dulcimer a. only instrumental country music [b] b. only vocal country music d. all country folk music __________ was an early country singer with a natural yodel that was later imitated by many country singers. [d] a. Gene Autry Jimmie Rodgers often accompanied himself on the __________. b. Eddy Arnold c. only secular country music 4. 8. c. Jimmie Rodgers a. mandolin d. Hank Williams b. piano c. guitar 5. In the 1920s, The Carter Family accompanied themselves on the __________. a. piano and guitar [a] 3. The style of country music in which the lyrics often deal with the harsh facts of life is __________. [c] d. dulcimer Cajun music evolved in a remote area of __________. [c] a. Louisiana A simple folk instrument on which the strings are plucked or strummed with one hand while buttons are depressed to form chords with the other is called a(n) __________. b. Texas a. mandolin b. dulcimer 9. c. Tennessee d. Virginia [a] 10. The Cajun instrument called a concertina is a small __________. c. jew’s harp a. guitar d. autoharp b. harmonica [d] c. accordion d. autoharp [c] 11. Which one of the following instruments is not normally included in a zydeco band? 16. Bluegrass is primarily a(n) __________ music. a. tambourine a. instrumental b. washboard b. dance c. accordion c. vocal d. guitar d. religious [d] [a] 12. Western swing was a dance-band style developed in __________. 17. Acoustic instruments are those that are __________. a. Arizona a. natural, unamplified b. California b. electric or amplified c. Texas [a] d. New Mexico [c] 13. Rockabilly used the rhythms and instrumentation of __________. 18. Bill Monroe is primarily associated with __________ music. a. honky-tonk b. western swing a. rock and roll c. bluegrass b. country music d. rockabilly c. commercial pop [c] d. the Nashville sound [a] 14. Honky-tonk is best described as a __________ style of country music. 19. Which one of the following singers did not sing cowboy songs? a. Tex Ritter b. Gene Autry a. dance c. Chet Atkins b. concert d. Roy Rogers c. mountain [c] d. vocal [d] 15. Which one of the following country singers was known as the “singing brakeman”? 20. Gene Autry’s best-known songs today come from the __________ repertoire. a. country-western b. cowboy a. Gene Autry c. Nashville b. Eddy Arnold d. Christmas c. Pete Seeger [d] d. Jimmie Rodgers [d] 21. Which style of country music began as a response to rock and roll? 24. Protest was not a traditional characteristic of country music. a. bluegrass a. true b. the Nashville sound b. false c. honky-tonk [a] d. western swing [b] 22. The jazz influence was particularly strong in which of the following country-western styles? a. Cajun b. rockabilly 25. Women soloists were not significantly involved in the early days of country music. a. true b. false [a] 26. Social commentary was often included in the lyrics of country songs. c. western swing a. true d. zydeco b. false [c] [a] 23. Which one of the following country musicians was also an outstanding folk poet? a. Joan Baez b. Chet Atkins c. Woody Guthrie d. Hank Williams [c] CHAPTER 9 1. Which one of the following was not characteristic of the early twentieth-century dance band music? 6. a. half-spoken, half-sung nonsense syllables b. improvising an instrumental break a. fast tempos c. dancing to New Orleans style jazz b. lush string timbres d. playing a solo instrumental passage c. syncopated rhythms [a] d. passages for solo instruments [b] 2. 7. The musician who was concerned with making jazz respectable to the public was __________. b. men [a] 8. c. Paul Whiteman d. W. C. Handy b. three-line The blues began as a black American __________ folk music. c. four-line d. five-line a. instrumental [c] b. vocal [b] 4. The classical blues verse includes __________ lines of text. a. two b. three c. four d. five [b] 5. The basic harmonic pattern of the blues includes only the __________ chords. a. tonic and dominant b. dominant and subdominant c. tonic, dominant, and subdominant d. tonic and subdominant [c] Urban blues often included at least some stanzas in the traditional __________ form of popular music. a. two-line [c] 3. The outstanding singers of commercial or classic blues were __________. a. women a. Louis Armstrong b. Joe “King” Oliver Scatting means __________. 9. The self-styled “father of the blues” was __________. a. Scott Joplin b. Louis Armstrong c. W. C. Handy d. George Gershwin [c] 10. The piano music derived from the blues is called __________. a. bebop b. New Orleans style jazz c. Dixieland d. boogie-woogie [d] 11. Jelly Roll Morton was a great __________. a. Dixieland bandleader b. jazz pianist c. composer of symphonic jazz d. blues singer [b] 12. A combo is a(n) __________. a. chamber ensemble b. early jazz style c. small jazz style d. percussion instrument [c] 13. New Orleans jazz musicians improvised upon a __________ tune. a. classical b. given c. new d. difficult [b] 14. By the 1920s, most important jazz musicians had moved to __________. a. New York b. New Orleans c. St. Louis d. Chicago [d] 15. Louis Armstrong was a virtuoso performer on the __________. a. saxophone b. trumpet c. piano d. double bass [b] 16. Dixieland jazz is most closely related to __________. a. the blues b. symphonic jazz c. boogie-woogie d. New Orleans style jazz [d] 17. Paul Whiteman was most closely associated with which of the following? a. blues and boogie-woogie b. New Orleans and Dixieland jazz c. sweet jazz and symphonic jazz d. sweet jazz and Dixieland [c] 18. Rhapsody in Blue was composed by __________. a. Paul Whiteman b. W. C. Handy c. Ferde Grofé d. George Gershwin [d] 19. Which one of the following is not present in Rhapsody in Blue? a. improvisation b. thematic transformation c. symphonic development d. piano cadenzas [a] 20. Eight-to-the-bar refers to the ostinato that accompanies __________. a. sweet jazz b. twelve-bar blues c. boogie-woogie d. Dixieland jazz [c] 21. Jazz is derived entirely from African forms and performance practices. 25. The term glissando refers to vocal or instrumental __________. a. true a. improvisations b. false b. slides [b] c. melodies 22. Sweet jazz is a highly improvised style of music. a. true [b] 26. Bessie Smith is perhaps the most famous of all __________ blues singers. b. false a. country [b] b. classic 23. Jazz reached a peak of popularity in the __________. a. 1920s [b] 27. Dixieland began an imitation by white musicians of __________. b. 1930s a. Chicago style jazz c. 1940s b. New Orleans style jazz d. 1950s c. boogie-woogie [b] [b] 24. The pitch of blue notes is best described as __________. 28. Stride piano differs from ragtime by including __________. a. always higher than usual a. improvisation b. always lower than usual b. harmony c. variable c. virtuosity [c] [a] CHAPTER 10 1. People traveled to Harlem in New York to hear jazz musicians improvise together, or __________. 6. a. trumpeter a. swing b. saxophonist b. bebop c. pianist c. jam d. singer d. reed [c] 2. 3. The complex, dissonant, virtuosic style of jazz introduced in the 1940s was called __________. a. even a. blues b. uneven b. bebop [b] c. boogie-woogie In the thirties, the music of the big bands was called __________. d. big band 7. [b] b. bebop Which one of the following is not characteristic of bebop? c. Dixieland a. improvisation d. rubato b. virtuosity [a] c. mostly written arrangements Instruments called reeds belong to the __________ family of instruments. d. close interaction between soloist and combo a. string [c] b. brass c. woodwind d. percussion [c] 5. [c] Swing eighths are eighth notes performed in __________ rhythm. a. swing 4. Count Basie was an outstanding jazz __________. Count Bassie is most closely associated with __________. a. big band music b. bebop c. New Orleans style jazz d. Dixieland [a] 8. 9. Charlie Parker was an amazing __________ virtuoso. a. trumpet b. saxophone c. piano d. double bass [b] 10. A steadily moving accompanying pattern in the plucked string bass, having melodic as well as rhythmic significance, is called __________. a. a walking bass b. eight-to-the-bar c. an ostinato d. a cadenza [a] 11. Which one of the following is considered the first modern jazz? a. blues b. bebop 15. The __________ in Dave Brubeck’s music is (are) closely related to that of the Baroque period. a. harmony b. polyphony c. rhythms d. meters [b] 16. Which one of the following is not characteristic of cool jazz? a. larger band than bebop combo b. extremely hot rhythms c. boogie-woogie c. symphonic instruments included in the bands d. big band d. occasional Impressionistic harmonies [b] [b] 12. The jazz composer known for the unusual meters in his music is __________. a. Darius Milhaud b. John Lewis c. Dave Brubeck d. Stan Kenton [c] 13. Which one of the following does not apply to Duke Ellington? a. jazz composer b. jazz arranger c. jazz singer d. jazz pianist [c] 14. The term progressive jazz was introduced by __________. a. Woody Herman b. Duke Ellington c. Dave Brubeck d. Stan Kenton [d] 17. Which one of the following styles does not involve the blending of some characteristics of jazz and symphonic music? a. cool jazz b. Dixieland jazz c. progressive jazz d. symphonic jazz [b] 18. Miles Davis was associated with many styles of jazz, including cool. a. true b. false [a] CHAPTER 11 1. The relationship between jazz composition and improvisation were more thoroughly explored by __________ than by any other musician. 5. a. Anthony Davis a. Darius Milhaud b. Gunther Schuller b. John Coltrane c. George Gershwin c. Charles Mingus d. John Lewis d. Ornette Coleman [c] 2. [c] 6. What style of jazz has no familiar chord changes, no references to popular songs or blues, and no steady beat? b. Gunther Schuller c. George Gershwin b. bebop d. John Lewis c. cool jazz [d] d. third stream 3. 7. Third stream involves the interaction of __________. b. Gunther Schuller c. John Coltrane b. jazz and country music d. John Lewis c. jazz and religious music [b] d. jazz and classical music 4. On his 1960 album Free Jazz, __________ introduced the style of free jazz. a. Miles Davis b. Ornette Coleman c. John Coltrane d. John Lewis [b] The term third stream was introduced by __________. a. Anthony Davis a. jazz and rock [d] The founder of the Modern Jazz Quartet is __________. a. Anthony Davis a. free jazz [a] Which one of the following composers has not produced some compositions of third stream music? 8. A concerto grosso is a multi-movement form for __________. a. orchestra and small group of soloists b. orchestra and one soloist c. orchestra only d. small group of soloists only [a] 9. __________ combines rock rhythms and electronic instruments with collective improvisation, extreme ranges in volume, and rapid shifts in meter, tempo, and mood. a. bebop b. third stream c. fusion d. cool jazz [c] 10. A crossover musician is one who __________. a. has abandoned classical music for jazz b. has abandoned jazz for classical music c. has abandoned both jazz and classical music d. appeals to more than one kind of audience [d] CHAPTER 12 1. The first Latin rhythm to affect American pop was the __________. a. rumba b. chachacha c. tango 2. guiro __________ [a] 9. maracas __________ [b] 10. Xavier Cugat entertained __________ ballroom crowds. The habanera is an early __________ dance. b. downtown a. Cuban [b] 11. The beguine is a __________. c. Argentinian a. musical instrument [a] b. dance The tango came from __________. c. song form a. Argentina [b] 12. Cu-bop merges bebop with __________. c. Brazil a. Mexican dances [a] b. salsa Santeria is a religion rooted in __________ practices. c. Latin rhythms a. Cuban b. African 5. 8. a. uptown b. Cuba 4. claves __________ [c] [c] b. Brazilian 3. 7. [c] 13. The chachacha is a slower, simpler form of the __________. c. Caribbean a. mambo [b] b. tango The bomba is a __________ dance. c. rumba a. couple [a] b. line c. solo [a] 14. Salsa remains closer to __________ music than to any other style. a. Brazilian b. Mexican Choose the correct description from the following options for the musical instruments named in Nos. 6-9: a. a notched gourd b. pairs of gourds filled with a rattling element c. cylindrical sticks d. pairs of drums 6. bongos __________ [d] c. Cuban [c] 15. Bob Marley was a famous performer of __________. a. salsa b. cu-bop c. reggae [c] 16. Reggae is roughly related to __________. a. country-western b. rhythm and blues c. jazz [b] 17. The technique called toasting or dubbing was developed by __________ disc jockeys. a. Cuban b. Jamaican c. Brazilian [b] 18. Rapid patter-talking of Jamaican disc jockeys influenced the development of __________. 21. The song “Girl from Ipanema” features the __________ rhythm. a. tango b. chachacha c. bossa nova [c] 22. The conjunto is the accompanying ensemble for __________ music. a. mariachi b. southwestern c. norteno [c] 23. Mariachi represent an important __________ folk music. a. cu-bop a. Mexican b. salsa b. Cuban c. reggae c. Brazilian [c] [a] 19. A Latin popular music having strong religious connotations is __________. 24. An accordion dominates the sound of __________ music. a. salsa a. mariachi b. reggae b. conjunto c. cu-bop [b] [b] 20. The samba is sometimes called the national dance of __________. a. Brazil b. Mexico c. Jamaica [a] 25. Mariachi music is typically __________. a. joyous b. melancholy [a] CHAPTER 13 1. The generation gap first became apparent __________. 6. a. after World War I b. after World War II a. Dick Clark c. during the Great Depression b. Joe Turner d. during the 1960s c. Bill Haley [b] 2. Rhythm and blues was the term substituted by the popular music industry for __________. d. Alan Freed [d] 7. a. race records c. rockabilly b. young black rhythm and blues singers d. gospel music c. vocal groups such as the Ink Spots and the Mills Brothers [a] 4. d. Elvis Presley and Bill Haley singing rockabilly songs In the 1950s, rhythm and blues ensembles were more likely to include all- __________ vocal groups. a. male [a] b. female 8. Bill Haley and Elvis Presley began their careers as __________. [a] a. gospel singers The music of the Mills Brothers and the Ink Spots was closest in style to __________. b. country-western singers c. rhythm and blues singers a. rhythm and blues d. disc jockeys b. country-western music c. Tin Pan Alley music d. jazz [c] 5. The popular “American Bandstand” television program featured __________. a. white teen idols singing rhythm and blues songs b. the blues 3. The disc jockey who introduced rhythm and blues hits to mainstream audiences and coined the term “rock and roll” was __________. Rhythm and blues shared many characteristics with __________. [b] 9. Young English fans of rock and roll deplored the __________ that threatened to render it obsolete. a. hot rhythms b. loud performances a. jazz c. flamboyant performance styles b. country-western music d. overcommercialization c. gospel music [d] d. classical [b] 10. The outstanding poet among the Beatles was __________. a. Paul McCartney b. Lou Harrison c. John Lennon d. Ringo Starr [c] 11. The Beatles’ instrumental music was of __________ significance in their later days as a performing group. 15. The popular English rock pianist and singer Reginald Kenneth Dwight is better known as __________. a. Elton John b. Mick Jagger c. Berry Gordy d. Keith Emerson [a] 16. Which one of the following does not apply to Berry Gordy, Jr.? a. more a. black b. less b. songwriter [a] c. rock pianist 12. The Beatles performed as a group for about __________ years. a. five b. ten d. founded Motown [c] 17. Motown was conceived in order to make __________ commercially successful. c. fifteen a. black music d. twenty b. rock and roll [b] c. English rock 13. The rock opera Tommy was written and performed by the group known as __________. a. The Beatles b. The Who c. Rolling Stones d. The Sex Pistols [b] 14. In 1962, the Beatles shared a London performance with the American __________. a. Elvis Presley b. Joe Turner c. Little Richard d. Ed Sullivan [c] d. surf music [a] 18. A saxophone was usually included in the small ensembles of early soul music. a. true b. false [a] 19. Joe Turner and Willie Mae Thornton were outstanding __________ singers. a. rock and roll b. country-western c. honky-tonk d. rhythm and blues [d] 20. The first international rock and roll hit was __________. 25. Which one of the following was not an important soul singer? a. “Shake, Rattle and Roll” a. Jimi Hendrix b. “Blackboard Jungle” b. Ray Charles c. “Hound Dog” c. James Brown d. “Rock around the Clock” d. Aretha Franklin [d] [a] 21. The slight wavering between tones used by singers and instrumentalists to add warmth and intensity to their tone is called __________. a. drone b. ostinato c. vibrato d. obbligato [c] 22. The Beach Boys became famous singing of the challenges of __________. a. civil rights b. social unrest c. the surf d. the New Frontier [c] 23. Which one of the following does not apply to Chuck Berry? a. a talented songwriter b. had a gift for melodic improvisation c. a great guitarist d. had strong influence on Elvis Presley [d] 24. Most early rock and roll songs were close in form and harmony to the twelve-bar blues. a. true b. false [a] 26. One of the first blacks to become technically expert with studio recording technology was __________. a. Jimi Hendrix b. Ray Charles c. James Brown d. Aretha Franklin [b] 27. Which one of the following was not popular in the early 1960s? a. Elvis Presley b. Motown recordings c. acid rock d. urban folk music [c] 28. Which one of the following is not known for his poetry as well as his music? a. John Lennon b. Bob Dylan c. Woody Guthrie d. Ray Charles [d] 29. The city of __________ was to rock and roll as Nashville was to country music. a. Chicago b. Detroit c. New York d. San Francisco [b] 30. A doo-wop background vocal group was part of the __________ sound. a. surf music b. soul c. Motown d. acid rock [c] 31. The English rock star who attracted as much attention with his outlandish clothes and spectacles as with his songs was __________. a. Keith Emerson b. Mick Jagger c. Berry Gordy, Jr. d. Elton John [d] 32. The Beatles’ early songs were violent and rebellious in style. a. true b. false [b] 33. Acid rock began in __________. a. New York b. Detroit c. Chicago d. San Francisco [d] 34. Dramatic light shows, smoke and fog machines, and extreme amplification are most typical of __________. a. acid rock b. folk rock c. punk d. art rock [a] 35. Psychedelic rock is another name for __________. a. acid rock b. folk rock c. punk d. art rock [a] CHAPTER 14 1. Genesis, King Crimson, Pink Floyd, and Yes are among the English groups that have explored __________. 6. a. New York b. San Francisco a. jazz rock c. Detroit b. folk rock d. England c. acid rock [d] d. art rock [d] 2. 7. The Rolling Stones are led by __________. b. country b. Bo Diddley c. rock c. Mick Jagger d. crossover d. Elton John 3. [c] 8. The music of the Rolling Stones was the closest in style to that of __________. a. the Beatles b. funk c. Elvis Presley c. reggae d. rhythm and blues d. heavy metal [d] __________ groups emulated the fashions but not the violence or anger of punk. a. Folk rock b. Acid rock c. New Wave d. Art rock [c] 5. Probably the most successful rock star of the late 1970s was __________, also known as “The Boss.” The rock style having interracial connotations that formed a kind of bridge between black and white musicians was __________. a. punk b. The Beach Boys 4. The players in the group Chicago are basically __________ musicians. a. jazz a. Ringo Starr [c] Punk began in __________. [b] 9. Earth, Wind and Fire, Kool and the Gang, and the Commodores are associated with __________. a. reggae b. disco c. new wave d. funk [d] 10. Disco was a commercial __________ music. a. Elton John a. dance b. Bruce Springsteen b. concert c. Mick Jagger c. band d. Paul McCartney d. folk [b] [a] 11. Grunge is also referred to as the __________ sound. a. San Francisco b. Chicago c. Seattle [c] 12. Rapid spoken words accompanied by funkstyle rhythms is characteristic of __________. a. grunge b. rap c. reggae d. funk [b]