Name
Chapter 1 homework questions
1.
What level of organization in the hierarchy for life are the following items at?
a.
Kidney cells
b.
Carbon dioxide
c.
A group of monkeys containing multiple species
d.
Rhesus monkeys in a tree
e.
Rainforest
2.
Explain what an emergent property is and give an example
3.
What are producers? What are consumers?
4.
How are the levels of life ordered in a hierarchy?
5.
Which one of the following sequences illustrates a hierarchy that increases in
complexity?
A) ecosystem, population, organ system, cell, community, molecule, organ, organism,
tissue
B) cell, molecule, organ system, organ, population, tissue, organism, ecosystem,
community
C) organism, organ system, tissue, population, organ, community, cell, ecosystem,
molecule
D) molecule, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, community,
ecosystem
E) ecosystem, molecule, cell, tissue, organism, organ system, organ, community
6.
Which of the following is/are properties of life?
A) a complex organization
B) the ability to take in energy and use it
C) the ability to respond to stimuli from the environment
D) the ability to reproduce
E) All of the choices are correct.
7.
Consider the following statement: "If all vertebrates have backbones, and turtles
are vertebrates, then turtles have backbones." This statement is an example of
A) a hypothesis.
B) discovery science logic.
C) rationalization.
D) deductive reasoning.
E) inductive reasoning.
8.
To be scientifically valid, a hypothesis must be
A) phrased as a question.
B) based on faith.
C) testable.
D) falsifiable.
E) testable and falsifiable.
9.
Briefly explain the role of a control in an experiment
10.
You are conducting an experiment teaching mice to run through a maze. To do
this, two groups of mice are used: one group receives a food reward upon successful
completion of the maze and the other group does not. You conduct one test run per day
for a period of 6 days and record the time required to complete the maze. At the end of
the 6 days you have the following data:
With food
reward
Average time to
complete maze
(min)
25
23
16
11
5
7
Day
1
2
3
4
5
6
Without food
reward
Average time to
complete maze
(min)
25
23
19
15
12
11
A. State a hypothesis you think this experiment tested
B. Which group is the control group in this experiment?
B. Identify the independent and dependent variables
D. Graph the results of the experiment
***Use the back of this sheet for additional space
Day
1
2
3
4
5
6
11. Identify if each of the following are observational or experimental science
A. Jane Goodall observing lowland gorilla behavior
B. A drug study where one groups receives blood pressure medication and
another a placebo
C. An anthropologist living among and studying indigenous peoples of South
America
D. Drinking several flavors of tea to see which helps you study longer
12. Name two things that are and two things that are not biology
13. What criteria must sometime meet to be considered “science”
14. Which statement best distinguishes hypotheses from theories in science?
A. Theories are hypotheses that have been proved
B. Hypotheses are tentative guesses: theories are correct answers to questions
about nature
C. Hypotheses are usually narrow in scope, theories have broad explanatory
power
D. Hypotheses are different terms for essentially the same thing in science
E. Theories are proved true in all cases, hypotheses are usually falsified by tests
15. Explain what subjects biology is and what is does and does not encompass. Give two
examples of subjects it encompasses.
16. Rewrite the following statements into a testable hypothesis
A. Temperature causes leaf color to change
B. Students who read the chapter before class perform better in class
C. Chocolate causes pimples
D. If a person is in shape, they will have a better pulse than someone who is not
E. If you are a smoker, does your heart rate take longer to return to resting rate
F. A pea plant will grow at a constant rate if watered daily
Chapter 2 questions
1. The four most common elements in living organisms are
A) C, H, O, Fe.
B) C, H, O, Na.
C) C, H, O, N.
D) C, N, O, Na.
E) Fe, N, O, Ca.
2. What is a trace element and identify which of the following is not a trace element in
the human body.
A trace element is….
A) fluorine
B) nitrogen
C) zinc
D) manganese
E) iodine
3. Define a neutron, proton and electron. Include their charges and location in an atom
4. What is a valence shell?
5. Identify the number of protons, neutrons and electrons for the following, assuming the
atoms have neutral charges:
Ru
Li
Atomic number 44
Atomic number 3
Atomic weight 101.07
Atomic weight 6.9
Protons
Protons
Neutrons
Neutrons
Electrons
Electrons
S
Atomic number 16
Atomic weight 32.06
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
Ga
Atomic number 31
Atomic weight 69.72
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
Ti
Atomic number 22
Atomic weight 47.9
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
6. What happens if you add or remove a proton from an atom?
7. What is the difference between an isotope and an ion?
8. A hydrogen bond is a type of ____________ bond
9. A compound…..
A) is a pure element.
B) is less common than a pure element.
C) contains two or more elements in a fixed ratio.
D) is exemplified by sodium.
E) is a solution.
10. A(n) __________ forms when two atoms share electrons.
A) ion
B) element
C) covalent bond
D) ionic bond
E) hydrogen bond
11. A water molecule (H-O-H) is held together by
A) an ionic bond.
B) a single covalent bond.
C) a polar covalent bond.
D) hydrogen bonds.
12. The hydrogen atoms of a water molecule are bonded to the oxygen atom by
__________ bonds, whereas neighboring water molecules are held together by
__________ bonds.
A) hydrogen . . . ionic
B) hydrogen . . . polar covalent
C) polar covalent . . . hydrogen
D) ionic . . . covalent
E) polar covalent . . . ionic
13. The ability of water molecules to form hydrogen bonds with other water molecules
is critical to
A) evaporative cooling of skin surfaces.
B) the movement of water from the roots of a tree to its leaves.
C) the milder temperatures of coastal regions compared to inland areas.
D) the ability of certain insects to walk on the surface of water.
E) all of these factors.
14. You've made a hot drink by dissolving a teaspoon of instant coffee and a teaspoon of
sugar in a cup of hot water.
What kind of solution is this?
Identify the solute and solvent
15. How is radiation helpful and harmful? Give an example of each
16. What type of covalent bond is formed when electrons are equally shared?
17. Describe how water helps regulate coastal temperatures. What unique feature of water
makes this possible?
18. Sketch a Helium atom, including sub-atomic particles. Label the particles. Atomic #
is 2
19. A solution of pH 6 contains ____ than the same of amount of solution at pH 8
2 times more H+
4 times more H+
100 times more H+
4 times less H+
100 times less H+
20. Magnesium Oxide (MgO) is a moisture absorbent used by libraries for preserving
books. Oxygen has a greater electronegativity than magnesium. The electron structures
appear as follows:
Which atom will gain and which atom will loose electrons? What will the charge be on
each electron?