Some topics for Outline of Chapter 7: Peer and Sibling Relationships:
Ashley Maynard & A. Bame Nsamenang a.
Quote about "my brother's keeper," with examples of sibling caretaking interaction of
Zinacantec Maya children, peer socialization in a Japanese preschool classroom (from
Tobin, Wu, and Davidson, 1989) b. Description of the universal task : b.1 Evidence for the importance of peer and sibling relationships across cultures, Peer and sibling relationships in global perspective, Trends in peer/sibling relations: Theorizing and research c.
The individualistic pathway
Cultural level: siblings as peers
Institutional level: normative assumptions in US classrooms: teacher in front of room, if peers help each other it may be called "cheating;" competitition vs. cooperation
Psychological level: parental ethnotheories concerning sibling and peer relationships: independence and a relative lack of social responsibility; gender relatively greater part of identity vs. role
Socialization practices: parent and teacher socialization of sibling and peer interactions: parents and teachers are primary teachers
Behavioral level: independent styles of interaction across the lifespan, e.g. peer pressure as a mechanism for peers to act in deviant ways, sexual behavior in adolescence as a choice more than for procreation d.
The interdendent pathway
Cultural level: siblings as part of a hierarchy, peer culture including sibling culture with roles as teachers, mentors and caretakers
Institutional level: assumptions in Japanese, Chinese, other collectivistic classrooms: peers mentor and help each other. Cooperation emphasized more than competition.
Psychological level: parental ethnotheories: interdependence and a great deal of social responsibility; gender as a social role
Socialization practices: styles of interaction, friendship/relationships as an educational context, siblings/peers may be very important teachers
Behavioral level: cultural conceptions of sibling and peer relationships, internal model of sibling relationship as the ideal relationship, prototype for other relationships (in contrast to style of mother-child relationship as prototype), lifespan account of sibling and peer interactions. Peer pressure for peers to act in a more conforming manner. Sexual behavior in adolescence for procreation more than for choice/pleasure. e. Effects of social change and interactions between the pathways e.1 Correlates of peer/sibling relationships: education, socioeconomic status, gender, etc. e.2 Peers and values: Prosocial and antisocial issues in peer and sibling relations

e.3
Change and continuity in peer and sibling relationships e.g., increasing importance of peer culture associated with increased use of technology and free time in collectivistic societies, more traditional societies with coordinated changes in family interaction f. Policy issues f.1Implications of the conception of the two pathways for education and interventions in multicultural societies
Conclusions
?Peer relations and sexuality
Abramovitch, R., Corter, C., & Lando, B. (1979). Sibling interaction in the home. Child
Development , 51 , 1268-1271.
Ashley J., & Tomasello, M. (1998). Cooperative problem-solving and teaching in preschoolers. Social Development , 2 , 143-163.
Azmitia, M., & Hesser, J. (1993). Why siblings are important agents of cognitive development: A comparison of siblings and peers. Child Development , 64 , 430-444.
Berndt, T.J. (1982). The features and effects of friendship in early adolescence. Child
Development, 53, 1447-1460.
Björkqvist, K. (1994). Sex differences in physical, verbal, and indirect aggression: A review of recent research. Sex Roles, 30, 177-188.
Björkqvist, K., Lagerspetz, K., & Kaukiainen, A. (1992). Do girls manipulate and boys fight? Developmental trends in regard to direct and indirect aggression. Aggressive
Behavior, 18, 117-127.
Brown, B. (1990) Cliques and Crowds. In Laurence Steinberg (Eds.), Adolescence.
(pp.163-164) McGraw-Hill Companies.
Brown, B., (1990)., “Peer Groups and Peer Culture”. In S.S. Feldman & G.R. Elliott
(eds), At the Threshold: The Developing Adolescent. (171-196). Cambridge: Harvard
University Press.
Brown, B.B., Larson, R.W., & Saraswathi, T.S. (2002). The World’s Youth: Adolescence in eight regions of the globe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Brownell, C. A., & Carriger, M. S. (1991). Collaborations among toddler peers:
Individual contributions to social contexts. In L. B. Resnick, J. M. Levine, & S.
D. Teasley (Eds.), Perspectives on socially shared cognition . (pp. 365-393.)
Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Bryant, B. (1989). The child’s perspective of sibling caretaking and its relevance to understanding social-emotional functioning and development. In P. G. Zukow (Ed.)
Sibling interaction across cultures: Theoretical and methodological issues . (pp.
143-164.) New York, NY: Springer-Verlag.
Bryant, B. K. (1992). Sibling caretaking: Providing emotional support during middle childhood. In F. Boer & J. Dunn (Eds.), Children's sibling relationships:
Developmental and clinical issues . (pp. 55-69.) Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Campbell, F.A.& C.T. Ramey. (1995). Cognitive and school outcomes for high-risk
African American students at middle adolescence: Positive effects of early intervention.
American Association Research Journal 32 (4): 743-72.
Campbell, F.A.& Taylor, K. (1996). Early Childhood Programs that Work for Children from Economically Disadvantaged Families. Young Children, 74-80.
Green, M.B. (2000) Bullying and Harassment In Schools. In R.
Scolaro Moser and C. E. Frantz (Eds.), Shocking Violence: youth perpetrators & victims--a multidisciplinary perspective. (pp/ 72-101) Springfield, Ill.: Charles C Thomas
Publishing Inc.
Cicirelli, V.G. (1969). The impact of Head Start: An evaluation of the effects of Head
Start on children’s cognitive and affective development, Vol. 1. Athens: Westinghouse
Learning Corp., Ohio University.
Cicirelli, V. (1972). The effect of sibling relationship of concept learning of young children taught by child-teachers. Child Development , 43 , 282-287.
Cicirelli, V. (1973). Effects of sibling structure and interaction on children’s categorization style. Developmental Psychology , 9 , 132-139.
Cicirelli, V. (1975). Effects of mother and older sibling on the problem-solving behavior of the younger child. Developmental Psychology , 11 (6), 749-56.
Cicirelli, V. (1976). Mother-child and sibling-sibling interactions on a problem-solving task. Child Development , 47 (3), 588-596.
Conger, John J., (1973). Adolescence and Youth-Psychological Development in a
Changing World. New York: Harper and Row Publishers.
Corsaro, W. A. (1985). Friendship and peer culture in the early years . Norwood, NJ:
Ablex Publishing Corporation.
Corsaro, W. A., & Schwarz, K. (1991). Peer play and socialization in two cultures:
Implications for research and practice. In B. Scales, M. Almy, A. Nicolopoulou,
& S. Ervin-Tripp (Eds.), Play and the social context of development in early care and education . (pp. 234-254.) New York: Teachers College Press.
Cotterell, John. (1996). Social Networks and Social Influences in Adolescence. London: Routledge.
Crick, N.R., & Grotpeter, J.K. (1995). Relational aggression, gender, and socialpsychological adjustment. Child Development, 66, 710-722.
Crick, N.R., & Grotpeter, J.K. (1996). Children’s treatment by peers: Victims of relational and overt aggression. Development and Psychopathology, 8, 367-380.
DeLeon, L. (1999). (on sibling socialization in Zinacantan)
Douvan, Elizabeth., & Adelson, Joseph., (1966). The Adolescent Experience. New
York: John Wiley&Sons, Inc.
Dunn, J. (1992). Sisters and brothers: Current issues in developmental research. In F. Boer
& J. Dunn (Eds.), Children's sibling relationships: Developmental and clinical issues . (pp. 1-17.) Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Dunn, J. (1989). Siblings and the development of social understanding in early childhood.
In P. G. Zukow (Ed.), Sibling interaction across cultures. Theoretical and methodological issues . (pp. 106-116.) New York, NY: Springer-Verlag.
Dunn, J., & Kendrick, C. (1979). Interaction between young siblings in the context of family relationships. In M. Lewis & L. A. Rosenblum, The child and its family .
(pp. 143-168.) New York, NY: Plenum Press.
Dunn, J., & Munn, P. (1986). Siblings and the development of prosocial behaviour.
International Journal of Behavioral Development , 9 , 265-284.
Dunphy, D. (1969) Cliques and Crowds. In Laurence Steinberg (Eds.), Adolescence.
(pp.163) McGraw-Hill Companies.
Ellis, S. & Rogoff, B. (1982). The strategies and efficacy of child versus adult teachers.
Child Development , 53 (3), 730-735.
Ennett, S., & Bauman, K., (1994). The contribution of influence and selection to adolescent peer group homogeneity: The case of adolescent cigarette smoking. Journal of
Personality and Social Psychology, 67, 653-663.
Ennett, S., & Bauman, K. (1996) Cliques and Crowds. In Laurence Steinberg (Eds.)
Adolescence (pp. 163) McGraw-Hill Companies.
Gallimore, R., Tharp, R. G., & Speidel, G. E. (1978). The relationship of sibling caretaking and attentiveness to a peer tutor. American Educational Research Journal , 15 (2),
267-273.
Goncu, A. (1999). Children's engagement in the world. Includes: Peggy Miller, Wendy
Haight, Suzanne Gaskins, et al.
Goodwin, M. H. (1994).? He-said-she-said: Talk as social organization among black children. Indiana University Press.
Goodwin, M. H. on jumprope and hopscotch (girls' games)
Grotpeter, J.K., & Crick, N.R. (1996). Relational aggression, overt aggression, and friendship. Child Development, 67, 2328-2338.
Harris, J. R. (1998). Psych Bulletin paper on peers
Heaven, Patrick C.L. (1994) Contemporary Adolescence: a social psychological approach, Melbourne, Macmillan Education
Hollingshead, A. ([1949] 1975). Cliques and Crowds. In Laurence Steinberg (Eds.)
Adolescence (pp. 163) McGraw-Hill Companies.
Irvin, L., Judith (1996). Developmental Tasks of Early Adolescence: How Adult
Awareness Can Reduce At-Risk Behavior. Annual Editions: Educational Psychology
98/99, 49-52.

Lagerspetz, K.M., Bjorkqvist, K., & Peltonen, T. (1988). Is indirect aggression typical of females? Gender differences in aggressiveness in 11-to 12-year-old children. Aggressive
Behavior, 14, 403-414.
Lancy, D. (1996). Playing on the mother ground.
Lewis, C., Freeman, N. H., Kyriakidou, C., Maridaki-Kassotaki, K., & Berridge, D. M.
(1996). Social influences on false belief access: Specific sibling influences or general apprenticeship? Child Development , 67 , 2930-2947.
Maynard, A. E. (2002). Cultural teaching: The development of teaching skills in
Zinacantec Maya sibling interactions. Child Development , 73 (3): 969-82.
McLellan, Jeffery A., & Pugh, Mary Jo., (1999). The Role of Peer Groups in Adolescent
Society Identity: Exploring the Importance of Stability and Change. Stanford, CA: Jossey-Bass Inc.
Meisner, J. S., & Fisher, V. L. (1980). Cognitive shifts of young children as a function of peer interaction and sibling status. The Journal of Genetic Psychology , 136 ,
247-253.
Mory, M. (1994 February) Cliques and Crowds. In Laurence Steinberg (Eds.)
Adolescence (pp. 164) McGraw-Hill Companies.
Papalia Diane E., Olds, Sally Wendkos (1989) Life Span Development , Sydney,
McGraw-Hill Book Company
Paquette, J. & Underwood, M. (1999). Gender differences in young adolescents’ experiences of peer victimization: Social and physical aggression. Merrill-Palmer
Quarterly, 45, 242-265. Ritch, Savins-Williams., & Berndt, Thomans., (1990).
"Friendship and Peer Relations”. In S.S. Feldman & G.R. Elliott (eds), At the Threshold:
The Developing Adolescent. (277-307). Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Pepler, D. J., Abramovitch, R., & Corter, C. (1981). Sibling interactions in the home: A longitudinal study. Child Development , 52 (4), 1344-1347.
Perez-Granados, D. R., & Callanan, M. A. (1997). Conversations with mothers and siblings: Young children’s semantic and conceptual development.
Developmental
Psychology , 33 (1), 120-134.
Rabain- Jamin, J., Maynard, A. E., & Greenfield, P. M. (in press). Cooperation and negotiation among siblings aged 2 1/2 to 8 years in Senegal and Mexico. To appear in Ethos, 2003.
Raeff, C., Greenfield, P. M., & Quiroz, B. (199*). Scenario study.

Rogoff, B., Malkin, C., & Gilbride, K. (1984). Interactions with babies as guidance in development. In B. Rogoff & J. Wertsch (Eds.),
Children’s learning in the zone of proximal development . (pp. 31-44.) San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Rogoff, B., Mistry, J., Göncü, A., & Mosier, C. (1993). Guided participation in cultural activity by toddlers and caregivers. Monographs of the Society for Research in
Child Development , Volume 58 , Number 8 .
Slee, Phillip T. (1993) Child, adolescent and Family Development Sydney, Harcourt
Brace Jovanovich.
Steinberg, Laurence, (2002). Adolescence. Boston: McGraw-Hill Higher Education.
Sutton, J., Smith, P. K. (1999) Bullying as a group process: An adaptation of the participant role approach. Aggressive Behavior, 25(2), 97-111.
Tobin, J. J., Wu, D. Y. H., & Davidson, D. H. (1989). Preschool in three cultures: Japan,
China, and the United States . New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Weisner, T. S. (1989b). Comparing sibling relationships across cultures. In P. G. Zukow
(Ed.), Sibling interaction across cultures. Theoretical and methodological issues .
(pp. 11-25.) New York, NY: Springer-Verlag.
Weisner, T. S. (1993). Ethnograpic and ecocultural perspectives on sibling relationships.
In Z. Stoneman & P. W. Berman (Eds.), The effects of mental retardation disability, and illness on sibling relationships: Research issues and challenges . (pp. 51-83.)
Baltimore, MD: Paul H. Brookes Publishing.
Weisner, T. S., & Gallimore, R. (1977). My brother's keeper: Child and sibling caretaking.
Current Anthropology , 18 (2), 169-190.
Whiting, B. B., & Edwards, C. P. (1988). Children of different worlds. Cambridge,
MA: Harvard University Press.
Yarrow, M., & Waxler, C. Z. (1976). Dimensions and correlates of prosocial behavior in young children. Child Development , 47 , 118-125.
Youngblade, L. M., & Dunn, J. (1995). Social pretend with mother and sibling:
Individual differences and social understanding. In A. D. Pellegrini (Ed.), The future of play theory: A multidisciplinary inquiry into the contributions of Brian
Sutton-Smith . (pp. 221-40.) New York: State University of New York Press.
Zukow, P. G. (1989a). Siblings as effective socializing agents: Evidence from Central
Mexico. In P. G. Zukow (Ed.), Sibling interaction across cultures. Theoretical and methodological issues . (pp. 79-105.) New York, NY: Springer-Verlag.

Zukow, P. G. (1989b.) Sibling interaction across cultures. Theoretical and methodological issues . New York, NY: Springer-Verlag.