APPLICATION TO THE ANIMAL ETHICS COMMITTEE FOR APPROVAL TO USE ANIMALS OR ANIMAL TISSUE FOR TEACHING PURPOSES (in accordance with the Animal Welfare Act 1999) Please ensure the detail is appropriate to enable all members of the Committee to clearly understand the proposed use. Before answering the following questions make sure that you have read the 'Royal (Dick) School for Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Code of Ethical Conduct for the Use of Live Animals for Teaching. This is available from http://www.JMCentre.ed.ac.uk/ethicalteaching/guidelines I HAVE READ THE ABOVE CODE AND AGREE 1. To abide with the code 2. To keep up-to-date records of animal usage, and provide an annual return of numbers used, manipulated, or observed as well as at any time when requested to do so by the Committee. 3. To inform the committee forthwith of any changes in staff or in numbers of students associated with this course. APPLICANT’S SIGNATURE: ____________________________ DATE: ______________________ APPLICANT’S NAME (TYPED): Professor Natalie Waran POSITION: Academic Leader DEPARTMENT: SIGNATURE OF HEAD OF DEPARTMENT: School of Natural Sciences, Unitec ________________________________________ NAME OF HOD (TYPED):Elaine Watson SHORT TITLE OF TEACHING MODULE/COURSE: eg Animal Restraint and Handling For JMAEC use only: Application Number: __JMAEC/2011/1____________ Date Received: _____________________________ Date Approved: _____________________________ Expiry Date: _____________________________ Section A: General Information All applicants complete Section A. If the answer to any question is not known, in detail, please answer so as to cover all possibilities. A1 COURSE TITLE (and Programme Name) General Animal Husbandry, Care for Cats, Care for Dogs and Animal First Aid (in the Certificate in Certificate in Animal Care (CAC)) A2 Student numbers Number of students normally enrolled: CAC – 60/year A3 Practical/Laboratory course duration Application to cover teaching through to end of 2012 A4 Practical/Laboratories per week Maximum 4 hours per species class time, plus maximum 7 hours per species exam time. Note that animals are not being handled for these periods of time – this is simply the time that is available for these particular classes. For instance a dog that is being used for an exam will usually only be “in use” for approximately five periods of 10 minutes each during that maximum 7 hour period. Likewise, students in a four-hour class are likely to spend at least half of that learning the theory of restraint and handling, with an hour to an hour and a half of actual contact time with a number of different animals. A5 Students per session CAC – max 20 (split class), A6 Laboratory/Practical duration Approximately 1.5 hours teaching; up to 7 hours for exams. (See A4) A7 Alternatives offered Does the Department offer students the possibility of doing other work as an alternative activity to these laboratories? If yes, state what alternative. The nature of these courses means that students need to be competent at handling live animals. However, see B10 for actions taken as preliminary introduction and extension of work with live animals. A8 Technician present Give the name(s) of the staff member(s) who is/are present throughout each laboratory session. These courses are all supervised by the lecturers, whose qualifications and experience is detailed in A9 and A10. A9 Lecturer(s) Lecturer(s) in charge of paper. CAC – Kate Kemp/Peter Fraser/Arnja Dale Additional lecturers: Melika Barnes Dr Barbara Binney Dr Diane Fraser Jill Fulcher Mick Martin Dr Judy Nicholson Dr Kylie Walker A10 Experience Duration of her/his experience and her/his qualifications. Melika Barnes, Certificate in Animal Care Four years’ experience as an Animal Control Officer, Manager of Pawsitive Steps Dog Training. Three years’ teaching experience. Dr Barbara Binney BVSc. 15 years’ experience as a practising veterinarian. Completing a MSc. Nancy Clarke BSc, MSc. Practical experience as canine behaviourist at Battersea Dogs’ Home. Four years’ teaching experience. Arnja Dale BSc, MSc, MSc (Hons). Five years’ experience as an animal behaviourist, 13 years tutoring experience. Mark Farnworth, BSc (Hons), MSc. Three years’ experience as research assistant in Animal Behaviour. Holder of Home Office licence for experimental procedures in large and small animals. 5 years’ teaching experience. Diane Fraser PhD, BScAg (Animal Honours). 15 years’ experience teaching on animal programmes, teaching husbandry and handling. Peter Fraser Certificate in Captive Wild Animals. 10 years’ experience as a zookeeper. # years’ teaching experience. Jill Fulcher BSc (Hons), Diploma in Veterinary Nursing, Diploma in Animal Care. 18 years’ experience as veterinary nurse, research assistant, farm work, breeding kennels and the RSPCA. Two years’ teaching experience. Kate Kemp, Certificate in Veterinary Nursing, Certificate in Higher Education. 11 years’ experience as a veterinary nurse including at the Auckland Zoo. Two years’ teaching experience. Mick Martin, Certificate in Principles of Canine Behaviour Thirty years’ experience in dog training including RNZAF, RAAF and Police Dog training and Red Cross Search Dog Unit. Three years’ teaching experience. Dr Judy Nicholson BSc (Hons), PhD. 14 years’ experience teaching on animal-related courses at Unitec. Dr Kylie Walker, BVSc. Six years’ experience as a practising veterinarian. One year’s teaching experience.. A11 History How long has this paper been running with similar laboratories? CAC – 9 years A12 Changed format If the laboratory format has changed since the last application to AEC, or within the last 5 years, please provide details and reasons for the changes. There have been a number of nominal changes, plus some collapsing together of programmes. However, the animal use has remained essentially the same. A13 Demonstrators Please name the demonstrators/Instructors/Tutors who teach labs and give their qualifications. If these change from year to year, continued approval of this application requires that their names are supplied to AEC each year prior to the commencement of the laboratory course, or at any other time at which they change. Handling taught by lecturers specified in A9 and 10 A14 Animal Technician(s) Please name the staff member in charge of animal maintenance and give their qualifications. If this person is replaced, continued approval of this application requires that the new technician’s name and experience be supplied to AEC before continuing with the laboratories. None of the animals used in this programme are kept on site– they are all either pets or horses belonging to private owners in clinics; animals from Edinburgh Zoo or animals owned by staff members. However, all lecturers/demonstrators have appropriate experience in caring for animals, and are capable of assessing the condition and demeanour of the various species, enabling them to withdraw any animal that is upset or appears distressed by the procedures. A15 Type of animal The type of animal that it is proposed to use. Dogs, cats, birds, rabbits and rodents, horses, sheep, cattle. A16 Type justification Please justify completely the use of this type of Students need to be competent at handling these species in order to fulfil the requirements of the qualifications. A17 Source From what source will these animals be procured? Private owners, Edinburgh Zoo kept animals… A18 Animal numbers How many per year will be procured? CAC Students (estimated max) 60 Clinical Animal Care 70 100 40 (15X4) (20-25X3) (25X4) (20X2) Dogs Cats Horses Rabbits & Rodents Birds Sheep Cattle 15 15 20 20 25 25 10 20 36 18 Animal Hus Animal Health 20 25 10 10 20 Total in each year CAWI An Hus 25 Applied Animal Behaviour 50 (25X2) 20 5 3 8 8 25 10 15 Estimated no of animals (N.B. – these are NOT totals but allow for reuse in many species) 80 65 10 40 20 25 10 250 This total of 250 animals per year is maximal and depends to some extent on student numbers and attendance. Many of these animals, particularly pets and livestock belonging to staff members, are used on an ongoing basis through the year, particularly those which are of placid disposition. The final column refers to the estimated number of individual animals used per year. A19 Numbers justification Please justify completely the use of this number of animals. The aim is to provide a minimum of one animal for every four to five students where handling procedures are to be learned. For procedures requiring minimal interference such as leading, placing in cages or trailers, or muzzling, fewer animals may be used. A20 Housing Where are the animals housed? A20.1 before the laboratory session? A20.2 after the laboratory session? Pets (cats, dogs and rabbits) are brought in specifically for the clinic sessions. Zoo animals are handled at a specific facility at the Zoo. Large animals handling (sheep and cattle) takes place in the specialised facilities at the large animal clinic in the Vet school. A21 Lab room In what room(s) is the laboratory session carried out? A designated animal handling room equipped with ventilation and safety measures within the Vet School Buildings. CHOICE POINT If this laboratory course involves the study of live animals without the use of any invasive technique, with the animal remaining in, or being returned to, its natural environment after the experiment, please go to Section B. If the laboratory involves the use of animal tissues, please go to Section C. If the laboratory involves invasive techniques with live animals, or if the animals are killed following the practical experiment, please go to Section D. Section B: Natural Environment B1 Behaviour Does the laboratory involve procedures in which the behaviour of the animal is manipulated by changing its natural environment, feeding pattern, etc? If so, give full details, justifications, and state whether the manipulations done will have a continuing effect on the behaviour of the animal. B2 Person killing animals If an animal becomes ill, who kills the animals? A staff veterinarian. B3 Method of killing By what means are the animals killed? By a method deemed appropriate for the species by the veterinarian. B5 Death rate On the basis of past experience with this course, estimate the number of animal deaths per year through mischance. There have been no deaths in animals used in this way by the R(D)SVS B6 Injury What is the procedure followed if animals are injured or become ill? If this were to happen, the animal would be attended by one of the staff veterinarians, and/or transferred to the on-site veterinary clinic for examination and treatment by the clinic veterinarian. In the case of large animals, if a veterinarian was not already present, one would be called immediately. B7 Tissue disposal How will animal tissue be disposed of if an animal is killed or dies? This would depend on the ownership of the animal and would be arranged between the veterinary clinic and owner. B8 Procedure details Describe, in detail, the work to be carried out, specifying carefully each step and who carries out each step. Append the written description of the laboratory that is handed to students. Please note that this section should be written so that it can be clearly understood by lay members of the AEC. Students are taught and practice some or all of the following procedures on the different species: Dogs Removal from and replacement in cages Loading into vehicles Application of collars, slip chains, muzzles and Elizabethan collars. Lifting onto examination table Restraint for various procedures including subcutaneous, intramuscular and intravenous injections, applications or ear and eye medications and dosing with tablets (note – giving of injections and application of medication is NOT carried out on these animals; it is the restraint that is being taught). Bandaging techniques – students are taught to apply bandages to various parts of the anatomy, particularly limbs, tail and head. Carrying out of a preliminary examination, which includes such procedures as checking the teeth, eyes and ears, checking Capillary Refill Time (CRT) by pressing on the mucous membranes of the mouth, and auscultating the chest. Taking of rectal temperatures is not included. Cats Removal from and replacement in cages Safe lifting and carrying Restraint for various procedures including subcutaneous, intramuscular and intravenous injections, applications or ear and eye medications and dosing with tablets (note – giving of injections and application of medication is NOT carried out on these animals; it is the restraint that is being taught). Rabbits and Rodents Removal from and replacement in cages Safe lifting and carrying Restraint for various procedures including subcutaneous, intramuscular and intravenous injections, and applications of medications. Birds Removal from and replacement in cages Restraint for various procedures including subcutaneous, intramuscular and intravenous injections. Carrying out of a preliminary examination, which includes such procedures as checking the wings and legs, feathers, vent, beak and mouth. Horses Safe approach to and restraint of horses. Hoof inspection. Leading. Sheep Turning the sheep into a “sitting up” position. Manoeuvering sheep. Cattle Manoeuvering e.g. cutting out and keeping separate one from a group of animals, use of yards and races. B9 Procedure justification Please justify any aspects of the use of animals in this laboratory that you feel has not been fully justified above. Include a specification of the educational aim of this laboratory work. It is essential for the welfare of both animal handlers and the animals themselves that students who are going to be working with animals are taught safe and effective methods of restraint of those animals. …. B10 Alternatives Have you considered whether the educational aim could be achieved without the use of animals or animal tissue? Such alternatives include lectures, written material, videotaped material, and computer simulation. Please comment on these alternatives. Students view specially filmed videos on handling companion animal species prior to hands-on experience. In addition the School has acquired the following training models – eg. “Critical Care Jerry” (see attached photo) – which enables students to practice a variety of techniques, including intubation and injections. Using animals specifically for teaching is also minimised by the requirement for extra mural study in a ‘Real’ world working environment. Students are required to complete work experience in a range of animal facilities including farms, wildlife facilities and animal veterinary centres where they have practical, hands-on experience with animals. B11 Animal usage The Committee needs to be assured that the animal usage proposed is the minimum necessary to meet the aims of the laboratory as justified above. If it appears from the application that this is not so, the application will be declined. Please comment here if the usage may not appear minimal, either to a person informed in the area, or to a lay person. Our aim is to draw a balance between minimising animal use and minimising handling per animal. Generally, for animals that are minimally stressed by handling such as dogs and horses, we may have more students per animal than with those less used to handling. Wherever species are more likely to be stressed by handling, we aim for fewer students per animal, shorter session and minimisation of procedures. B15 Advice sought Give details. Please go to Section E. Section C: Animal Tissue C1 Person killing animals Where, and by whom, are the animals killed? Is this a different room from that in which the laboratories are conducted? C2 Method of killing By what means are the animals killed? C3 Drugs/operations Are the animals drugged or operated on prior to being killed? If so, who carries out the operations or injections? C4 Death rate Estimate the number of animal deaths per year in this laboratory course, (a) by design, and (b) through mischance. C5 Injury What is the procedure followed if animals are injured or become ill? C6 Tissue disposal How will animal tissue be disposed of if an animal is killed or dies? C7 Procedure details Describe in detail the work to be carried out, specifying carefully each step and who carries out each step. Append the written description of the laboratory that is handed to students. Please not that this section should be written so that it can be clearly understood by members of the JMAEC. C8 Procedure justification Please justify any aspects of the use of animals in this laboratory that you feel has not been fully justified above. Include a specification of the educational aim of this laboratory work. C9 Alternatives Have you considered whether the educational aim could be achieved without the use of animals or animal tissue? Such alternatives include lectures, written material, videotaped material, and computer simulation. Please comment on these alternatives. C10 Animal Usage The Committee needs to be assured that the animal usage proposed is the minimum necessary to meet the aims of the laboratory. If it appears from the application that this is not so, the application will be declined. Please comment here if the usage may not appear minimal whether to a person informed in the area, or to a lay person. Please go to Section E. Section D: Use of Live Animals D1 Drugs/Operations Are the animals drugged or operated on in the laboratory sessions? If so, who carries out the operations or injections? D2 Alive at end Are the animals alive at the end of the laboratory sessions? D3 Prior Usage Have some or all of the animals been used in experiments previously? If so, give details. D4 Remain Alive Do the animals remain alive? If yes, are the animals kept for further use? If so, indicate the possible further use of the animals. D5 Euthanasia If the animals do not remain alive, by what means and by whom are they killed? D6 Death rate Estimate the number of animal deaths per year in this course, (a) by design, and (b), through mischance. D7 Injury What is the procedure followed if animals are injured or become ill during a laboratory session? D8 Anaesthetic If an anaesthetic is used, explain what is used, in what dosage, and when it will be administered. D9 Anaesthetic justification Please justify the choice of the anaesthetic, route of administration, dosage, and timing of anaesthetics(s D10 Neuromuscular block Is a neuromuscular blocking agent used? If so, fully explain and justify. D11 Post-operative What post-operative care is arranged? Include both the use of pain killers and/or other medication and animal management procedures such as frequency of observation and by whom. D12 Procedure details Describe in detail the work to be carried out, specifying carefully each step and who carries out each step. Append the written description of the laboratory that is handed to students. Please note that this section should be written so that it can be understood by members of the JMAEC. D13 Procedure justification Please justify any aspects of the use of animals in this laboratory that you feel has not been fully justified above. Include a specification of the educational aim of this laboratory work. D14 Alternatives Have you considered whether the educational aim could be achieved without the use of animals or animal tissue? Such alternatives include lectures, written material, videotaped material, and computer simulation. Please comment on these alternatives. D15 Animal Usage The Committee needs to be assured that the animal usage proposed is the minimum necessary to meet the aims of the laboratory. If it appears from the application that this is not so, the application will be declined. Please comment here if the usage may not appear minimal either to a person informed in the area, or to a lay person. D16 Advice sought Give details. Section E: Note Student Opinion The committee expects that student opinion about the use of animals in teaching courses will be sampled using a questionnaire every two years at minimum. Please append results from previous opinion surveys. It may also be useful to include statements of opinions from academic staff outside this University on the use of animals in similar laboratories. A pro-forma student opinion questionnaire is available from the JMAEC Secretary, for guidance if required. Results of the recently conducted student survey are attached. Section F Personnel. Every staff member and graduate student who will carry out any scientific procedure on animals must be included in the following section. If the demonstrators are yet to be appointed then this page must be resubmitted once they are appointed containing the additional signatures. This must be prior to commencement of the teaching sessions covered by this application. List name, qualification, and category(ies) for each person (according to the following codes): A Surgical B Non-surgical technique Name Qualifications EXAMPLE: Dr John Smith BSc. Hons, PhD Cert Animal Care BVSc Melika Barnes Barbara Binney Nancy Clarke Arnja Dale Mark Farnworth Diane Fraser Peter Fraser Jill Fulcher Kate Kemp Mick Martin Judy Nicholson Kylie Walker C Animal Monitoring BSc (Hons), MSc BSc, MSc, MSc (Hons) BSc (Hons), MSc PhD, BscAg (Animal Honours) Cert Captive Wild Animals BSc (Hons) DVN, Dip An Care CVN, Cert Higher Education Cert Principles of Canine Behaviour BSc (Hons), PhD BVSc D Euthanasia Category(ies) -tick appropriate box(es) A B C D Describe the experience each person has with the proposed technique. If no experience, nominate the supervisor who will provide the training. Melika Barnes Four years’ experience as an Animal Control Officer, Manager of Pawsitive Steps Dog Training. Three years’ teaching experience. Barbara Binney 15 years’ experience as a practising veterinarian. Nancy Clarke Practical experience as canine behaviourist at Battersea Dogs’ Home. Four years’ teaching experience. Arnja Dale Five years’ experience as an animal behaviourist, 13 years tutoring experience. Mark Farnworth, Three years’ experience as research assistant in Animal Behaviour. Five years’ teaching experience. Diane Fraser 15 years’ experience teaching on animal programmes, teaching husbandry and handling. Peter Fraser 10 years’ experience as a zookeeper. 3 years’ teaching experience. Jill Fulcher 18 years’ experience as veterinary nurse, research assistant, farm work, breeding kennels and the RSPCA. Two years’ teaching experience. Kate Kemp 11 years’ experience as a veterinary nurse including at the Auckland Zoo. Two years’ teaching experience. Mick Martin Thirty years’ experience in dog training including RNZAF, RAAF and Police Dog training and Red Cross Search Dog Unit. Three years’ teaching experience. Dr Judy Nicholson 14 years’ experience teaching on animal-related courses at Unitec. Dr Kylie Walker Six years’ experience as a practising veterinarian. One year’s teaching experience. Every person involved in this protocol must complete and sign the following declaration: 1. 2. 3. I have read the Code of Ethical Use of Animals in teaching, I have read this application and approved the approach to the teaching session(s), with particular reference to the ethics of practicals/experimentation and the welfare of the animals being used, I agree to follow the procedures, defined in this protocol, and will not deviate from them. NAME 1. Barbara Binney 2. Nancy Clarke 3. Arnja Dale 4. Mark Farnworth 5. Diane Fraser 6. Peter Fraser 7. Jill Fulcher 8. Kate Kemp 9. Judy Nicholson 10. Kylie Walker 11. Natalie Waran SIGNATURE Please send the signed original plus eleven copies of your application, and two copies of any other material such as laboratory instruction sheets and student opinion surveys to: Secretary, Jeanne Marchig International Centre for Animal Welfare Education Animal Ethics Committee Phone: University ex The current Chairperson of the University Animal Ethical Committee is: Professor Phone: University ex Please keep a copy of your application. Appendix 1 Grading of Manipulations Used (This page does not need to be photocopied) The purpose of this is to provide an overall estimate of the severity or invasiveness of each animal use. This should be estimated by taking into account the effect of any anaesthetic, analgesic, euthanasia technique, or other strategy or practice that is applied or used, or any other step taken to avoid or alleviate the stress or pain caused to the animal. Select which of the five grades (O, A, B, C, X), best describes the severity of the proposed manipulation using the examples provided. Grade O: Grazing trials or field behavioural studies using healthy animals; exposure to ambient conditions within the thermoneutral range; non-invasive studies of tame or trained animals kept in benign indoor conditions. Grade A: Use of completely anaesthetised animals which do not regain consciousness; standard methods of euthanasia which rapidly induce unconsciousness (e.g. anaesthetic overdose, physical or electrical stunning); simple venipuncture or venisection; injection of non-toxic substances, skin tests which cause low-level irritation without ulceration; feeding trained animals by orogastric tube; studies of vaccines using killed pathogens; induction of subclinical parasitism; induction of mild fever without other debilitating effects; benign preference tests in unnatural surroundings; movement of free-range domesticated livestock to unfamiliar housing. Grade B: Recovery from major surgery like thoracotomy, orthopaedic procedures, hysterectomy or gall bladder removal, with effective use of analgesics, surgical procedures on conscious animals but with the use of local anaesthetics and systemic analgesics, studies of live vaccines, induction of clinical parasitism, induction of mild reversible diarrhoea, moderate surgical or pharmacological modification of homeostatic capacity (e.g. limited gut resection), long-term restraint leading to reversible stereotypes, changing social group composition, movement of excitable free-range domesticated livestock to unfamiliar housing. Grade C: Recovery from major surgery without the use of analgesics; marked social or environmental deprivation; studies of facial eczema; induction of severe diarrhoea or severe infectious pneumonia; modification of homeostatic capacity (e.g. chemical induction of diabetes mellitus without replacement therapy); marked surgical modification of homeostatic capacity (e.g. extensive gut resection); induction of severe aggressive behaviour which does not lead to self-mutilation or excessive intraspecific aggression; capture, handling, restraint or housing, without the use of tranquillisers, of wild or semi-domesticated animals that exhibit marked flight responses. Grade X: Conducting major surgery without the use of anaesthesia (e.g. where animals are immobilised physically or with muscle relaxants); testing the efficacy of analgesics in animals with induced pain; studies of biological or other means of killing pest animals; toxicity testing using the traditional LD50 test; evaluation of vaccines where death is the measure of failure to protect; studies of the pathogenesis of fatal diseases caused by infectious or toxic agents; studies of recovery from third degree burns or serious traumatic injuries; induction of psychotic-like behaviour or of agnostic interactions which lead to severe injury or death. Note: These examples are not exhaustive or definitive. Every endeavour must be made to minimise the severity or intrusiveness of proposed manipulations (e.g. by using analgesics to control pain, or by euthanasia of conscious animals before they progress to an unpleasant death). The greater the severity or intrusiveness of a manipulation the greater the strength of the required justification for the work. Manipulations graded ‘X’ require especially strong justification and would be approved only in exceptional circumstances and with close supervision. Grading the manipulation(s) clearly requires a value judgement to be made by the applicant. This is verified subsequently (or amended) by the JMAEC. The experience of the lecturer, and the quality of the environment in which the manipulation is carried out may alter the grading that is selected – this needs to be kept in mind. Protocol ID ANIMAL USE STATISTICS APPLICATION/FINAL RETURN FORM If more than one animal type is required, fill in one form for each type. Application: When applying to the AEC for approval of a manipulation the applicant should complete Box 1 and enter in boxes 2 to 7, in the ‘Planned’ column (P), the appropriate figures for the total number of animals required to complete the project. Final Return: When the manipulation is completed a copy of the approved original application form is to be returned. Boxes 2 to 10 should then be completed in the ‘Used’ column (U) by entering the appropriate figures for the number of animals that were actually used. NAME / INSTITUTION: 1. Animal Type Various Code: a,b,c,e,f,g,m,n,o,p,q (See next page) 2. Source of Animals (number) 3. Status of Animals (number) P U P Breeding Unit a Normal/Conventional a Commercial b *SPF/Germ Free b Farm c Diseased c Born During Project d Transgenic/Chimaera d Captured e Protected Species e Imported f Embryonated Eggs f Public Sources g 250 Pre-natal Stages g 250 Other h TOTAL = A U 250 *Specific Pathogen Free 4. Main Category of Manipulation/Use (enter the total from 2 above in one box only) P U P U P Veterinary Teaching a 250 Animal Husbandry Species Conservation d Research g Basic Biological b Research e Commercial h c Medical Research f Other j Environmental Management 5. Any Re-use of Animals (number to be inserted) P No prior Use a 250 U P Previously Used b U Total = a + b = 250 U 6. Manipulations that are expected to cause little or no stress or discomfort. No suffering. O 82 (72 dogs, 10 horses) Manipulations that involve minor stress or pain, any pain is of short duration. Little suffering. A Manipulations that can involve significant but unavoidable stress. If significant pain occurs it will be alleviated. Suffering may occur. B Manipulations that cause severe stress or pain which cannot be alleviated because of needs to achieve purpose of experiment. Suffering is probable. C Manipulations that cause severe unrelieved stress or pain of short or long duration. High levels of suffering likely. X 160 (rest) 8 (poled dogs) 7. Expected date of completion: These are ongoing programmes – application is for the maximum 3 years, starting from February 2007, ending November 2009 ANIMAL DISPOSAL/FATE AT CONCLUSION OF THIS TEACHING EXERCISE The data in boxes 8 to 10 refer only to the animals noted in this protocol which actually entered the project and were manipulated. They do not refer to those it was proposed to manipulate but which were never used. This information is to be provided only when the teaching exercise has been completed and the animals have been disposed of as below. 8. Alive Used 9. Dead Used Retained by your institutions farms/colonies a Killed for dissection, sampling, taking organs a Returned to commercial farmers b Died/destroyed in the course of the manipulations/use b Released to the wild c Euthanased after manipulation or use c Disposed of to others d 250 Died/destroyed for reason not associated with manipulation/use d =B 250 TOTAL ALIVE 10. Grand Total Manipulated / Used TOTAL DEAD =C = B + C = 250/year Check on the final return that B+C=A in the ‘Used’ column of Box 2. ANIMAL TYPE CODES: Type of animal used. No distinctions on basis of sex, age, breed, strain or physiological condition. Box 1 Rodents Rabbits Farm Animals CODE LETTERS 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 a b c d e f g h CODE LETTERS Mice Rats Guinea Pigs Hamsters Rabbits Sheep Cattle Goats Birds Miscellaneous 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 p q r s t u w x Fowls, Chickens Pigeons Other Birds Marine Mammals Possums Reptiles Amphibia Fish 0 Other Domestic Mammals 1 1 1 1 1 j k m n o Deer Pigs Horses Dogs Cats 1 y Other Species (*Name)