Project number:
INCO-CT-2006-032132
Project acronym:
ReForLan
Instrument:
Specific Targeted Project
Thematic Priority:
INCO-DEV-STREP1
Project title: Restoration of forest landscapes for biodiversity conservation and
rural development in the drylands of Latin America
Publishable Final Activity Report
Period covered:
1st January 2007 to 31st December 2009
Date of preparation:
January 2010
Version:
1
Start date of project:
1st January 2007
Duration:
36 months
Project coordinator:
Professor Adrian Newton
Coordinating organisation:
Bournemouth University, Dorset, UK
Proposal number: FP6-2004-INCO-DEV-3 PROP N° 032132
Title: Restoration of forest landscapes for biodiversity conservation and rural
development in the drylands of Latin America
Acronym: ReForLan
Reporting Period: 2007-2009
Name of co-ordinator: Professor Adrian Newton
Centre of Conservation Ecology and Environmental Change, School of Conservation
Sciences, Bournemouth University, Talbot Campus, Fern Barrow, Poole, Dorset, BH12
5BB, UK. Tel. +44 (0)1202 965670. Fax +44 (0)1202 965255. Email
anewton@bournemouth.ac.uk
Project website: http://reforlan.bournemouth.ac.uk/
1. Project Execution
1.1 Objectives
To identify and promote approaches for the sustainable management of arid and semiarid forest ecosystems, by researching ecosystem restoration techniques using native
species of economic value. This aim was addressede through a programme of multidisciplinary research analyzing how restoration of degraded lands can be achieved in a
way that will mitigate the effects of unsustainable land use practices and contribute to
conservation of biodiversity. The research aimed to generate tools for the sustainable
development of native forest landscapes by local communities and other stakeholders, in a
form that can directly support management decision-making and policy development,
including information systems, decision support tools, criteria and indicators of
sustainable forest management and restoration. The project aimed to produce
management plans, practical guidelines and policy recommendations to support
restoration of dryland forests, in ways support the development of rural livelihoods
according to the ecosystem approach.
1.2 Partners involved
Partic. no.
Participant name
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Bournemouth University
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Universidad Austral de Chile
Universidad Nacional del Comahue
Fundación ProYungas
El Colegio de la Frontera Sur
Instituto Politécnico Nacional
Instituto de Ecologia
Universidad de Alcala
Università degli Studi di Trento
Participant short
name
BU
PUC
UACH
UNCO
FPY
ECOSUR
IPN
IE
UAH
UNITN
Country
UK
Chile
Chile
Argentina
Argentina
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Spain
Italy
1.3 Activities
The project: (i) assessed the distribution of dryland forest ecosystems in each of seven
study areas in Mexico and southern South America, by analysis of satellite remote sensing
data; (ii) assessed the pattern and extent of fragmentation of dryland forests using spatial
analysis and GIS techniques; (iii) assessed the current patterns of floristic biodiversity in
dryland forests using the results of field surveys supported by multivariate analyses and
GIS; (iv) developed and tested forest restoration and land reclamation techniques for
reversing degradation of dryland forest ecosystems; (v) determined traditional patterns
of use and the socio-economic value of dryland forest resources to local communities;
(vi) assessed the impact of forest loss, fragmentation and degradation on genetic
variability within socio-economically important tree species; (vii) parameterised a spatially
explicit model of forest dynamics for dryland forests in selected study areas; (viii)
identified priority areas for dryland forest restoration within each of the study areas
based on environmental and socio-economic criteria; (ix) developed appropriate tools to
support the communication and dissemination of research results; (x) disseminated
results through scientific publications and internet resources.
1.4 Methods employed and relationship to the state-of-the-art
Context of research
The processes of economic development and population growth are increasing pressure
on natural resources, leading to widespread ecological degradation. These problems are
most intense in arid and semi-arid areas, which together cover nearly 30% of the earth’s
surface and comprise half the surface area of the world’s developing countries. Despite
their aridity, dryland areas are of global importance for biodiversity, being the centres of
origin for many agricultural crops and other economically important species. Rural
communities in dryland areas are often highly dependent on forest resources to support
their livelihoods, particularly fuelwood and fodder. However, in many areas dryland
forests have been subjected to unsustainable land use practices, including expansion of
rangeland for livestock, over harvesting (particularly for fuelwood), conversion to
agriculture and rapid growth of urban settlements. These processes have resulted in the
widespread deforestation and degradation of dryland forest ecosystems, which has
resulted in negative impacts on biodiversity, soil fertility and water availability, and on
the livelihoods of local people. Such degradation presents a major challenge to policy
initiatives aiming to support sustainable development. Restoration of dryland forest
ecosystems is therefore an urgent priority if such policy goals are to be achieved, yet this
issue has largely been neglected by the scientific research community. The key question
addressed by this project is: how may dryland forest ecosystems be restored in a way
that both benefits biodiversity and supports the livelihoods of local people?
Remote sensing
This project employed the analysis of Landsat MSS, TM, ETM and higher resolution
satellite remote sensing imagery for the assessment of forest cover and condition, as a
basis for developing forest restoration plans. Land cover classifications were completed
for each of seven study areas at multiple dates (spanning 1975 through 2008), enabling
patterns of forest loss, fragmentation and degradation to be determined, and their
relationship to socio-economic and biophysical drivers to be established. The project was
the first to use high-resolution satellite imagery (QuickBird) to analyse the condition and
dynamics of dry forest areas in the study region.
Biodiversity
This project employed state-of-the-art analytical techniques, including multivariate and
spatial statistics, to investigate patterns of biodiversity, and also adopted an integrated
approach to the assessment of all three levels of biodiversity. Statistical approaches
included generalised linear models, multivariate and spatial statistics techniques, which
were applied to floristic data derived from field survey plots. The project has pioneered
the development and application of analytical tools in the R programming environment.
Restoration ecology
This project adopted a rigorous scientific framework applied to restoration ecology,
involving testing of hypotheses based on relevant theory through use of experimental
and modelling approaches, with a specific focus on addressing landscape-scale processes.
A series of field experiments were established, including a novel trans-national field
restoration assay established to a common experimental design in four study areas.
Landscape ecology
This project applied novel GIS techniques to the description and analysis of habitat
fragmentation and the spatial characteristics of forested landscapes, enabling the rates of
forest fragmentation and biodiversity loss to be estimated. Analyses were performed
enabling production of dryland forest distribution, degradation and fragmentation maps,
created from satellite images with the support of GIS techniques. All the partners used
Arc GIS 9.2 or 9.3 and its extensions, which are the most modern tools to manage GIS
data originated from imagery, and some partners also used Idrisi Andes, with its recently
developed suite of spatial modelling tools. Some partners have also used Post-GIS, an
open-source GIS program, integrated with the R programming environment. All the
partners calculated fragmentation metrics using the last version of FRAGSTATS for raster
data. Some partners used MOD 13 Q1 and MOD 16 obtained from MODIS platform to
measure forest degradation. This technology allowed mapping of changes in forest
density over time as an estimate of forest degradation in three study areas. The project
was the first to perform comparative analyses of the process of forest loss and
degradation of multiple study areas in dryland forests, using a common methodology.
Forest dynamics
This project developed and applied spatially explicit process-based models of forest
ecosystems closely integrated with GIS, to provide a tool for assessing the ecological
impacts of land-use change at the landscape scale, and of climate change over selected
tree species. The LANDIS-II model of dryland forest dynamics was used to predict rates
of forest recovery at the landscape scale under different land-use scenarios for
Mediterranean and tropical dry forest areas. This represents the first application of such
an analytical approach to dryland forest. Maxent models of current distribution of
selected tree species, and of predicted distribution under different scenarios of climate
change, have been developed for tropical and subtropical areas. These models were used
to inform development of restoration plans and policies in an unprecedented way in the
selected study areas.
Sustainable use
This project employed participatory research approaches and multicriteria analysis
techniques to identify methods and opportunities for dryland forest restoration suitable
for implementation by local communities. Approaches involved participatory engagement
with various stakeholders and multiple criteria techniques, which enabled priorities for
restoration to be identified within local communities. This project represents the first to
employ both the Delphi technique and spatial multi-criteria analysis to the participatory
identification of forest restoration priorities.
Genetic variation
This project assessed the impact of forest loss, fragmentation, and degradation on
genetic variability within socio-economically important tree species of conservation
concern in dryland ecosystems, and it employed both traditional methods for assessing
genetic variation such as quantitative genetic techniques and isozyme analysis, and
single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), a novel technique. None of the species
examined had been analysed previously using these techniques. In addition
hypervariable neutral microsatellite markers, a state-of-the-art molecular technique,
were used to assess patterns of genetic variation in a number of species, including A.
chilensis, Nothofagus pumilio and Podocarpus sp.
Decision-support tools
This project developed a range of decision-support tools including exploration of the
potential impact of different land-use policy options on forest restoration and its
contribution to sustainable development, supported by spatially explicit modelling and
analysis techniques. Approaches such as LANDIS-II and spatial Multicriteria analysis
represent novel approaches for informing management and decision options relating to
the restoration of dryland forest landscapes. Additional pilot decision-support tools based
on Bayesian Belief Networks, and definition and validation of criteria and indicators, were
also undertaken.
1.5 Results achieved
The project met all of its principal objectives, namely to: (i) identify opportunities for
enhanced economic productivity and limits to sustainable production, with a particular
focus on identifying incentives for supporting dryland forest restoration by local
communities; (ii) analyse the natural resource use systems at local, regional and
international levels through an integrated approach, by developing a comparative
programme of research in seven study areas distributed in dryland areas of Mexico, Chile
and Argentina; (iii) use information gathered using participatory techniques to inform the
planning and implementing of sustainable management strategies for dryland forest
resources; (iv) develop appropriate decision-support tools, including information
systems, criteria and indicators of sustainability and rehabilitation, together with case
studies of practical restoration trials, to support dryland ecosystem management and
policies, (v) disseminate results through scientific publications, research reports and
internet resources.
Principal results are summarized below by Work Package (WP).
WP1: Assessing the current extent and recent loss of dryland forest ecosystems
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Satellite remote sensing images were acquired and GIS databases compiled in all
7 study areas
Collation of information on historical extent of forest cover was performed in all 7
study areas
Collation of training point data was completed in all 7 study sites
Common protocol to analyse remote sensing imagery defined
Land cover classification completed and maps of current forest distribution
produced for all study areas
Collation of existing socio-economic and environmental data completed in all 7
study areas
Maps of forest distribution in 1975 produced for all study areas
Accuracy assessment completed
Identification of potential forest areas completed
Deforestation and regeneration rates calculated over time
GIS databases (7) incorporating both environmental data and field-verified maps
of forest cover completed
Regression models produced analysing deforestation trends and causal factors
Manuscripts (8) describing research results completed, ready for submission to
international journals
Key findings: The study revealed that land use intensification and limited natural
regeneration continue to threaten dryland forest cover. Forest loss was consistently
detected in all study areas, ranging from an annual deforestation rate of -1.7% in central
Chile to a negligible -0.04% in the central Valley of Chiapas where 68% of the original
area of dry forest in was lost by 1990. In central Chile, this deforestation rate was
accompanied by shrubland reduction at an annual rate of -0.7%, while agriculture, urban
areas and timber plantations increased at annual rates of 1.1%, 2.7% and 3.2%,
respectively. In southern Argentina, the major trend in land use change was a consistent
expansion of exotic pine plantations mostly at the expense of dry grasslands. In central
Veracruz, rates of overall forest loss appear relatively minor (annualized loss of -0.15%
between 1973 and 2008) with historical records suggesting that most deforestation
occurred prior to the start of the previous century; however, a realistic annual
deforestation rate of -1.22% arose from the comparison of Landsat 1973 and 2000
images. Rates of forest loss varied considerably between different time periods in all
study areas.
We also detected consistencies in biophysical and social variables that explained change
of forest cover across study areas. For central Chile, the multivariate logistic regression
model for the change of forest to no forest revealed that the probability of an area
experiencing forest loss was positively related to the extent of the area within a forest
patch, insolation, distance to roads, and slope. For southern Argentina, where
establishment of tree plantations was a major land use change, distance to roads, slope,
altitude, distance to towns >1,000 inhabitants, and precipitation explained best this
afforestation process. In northern Argentina, slope, distance to rivers and roads and
mean annual precipitation were positively related to the probability of forest loss. The
main drivers of undisturbed forest loss in Xalapa were proximity to areas with gentle
slopes, cattle pastures and the hydraulic infrastructure needed for crop irrigation. In
Chiapas, the probability of forest occurrence was inversely related to insolation during
winter months and positively related to slope, regional relative accessibility to principal
markets, elevation, and annual precipitation. In Oaxaca, the main explanatory variables
of deforestation with significant positive correlation were elevation, distance to
agriculture and distance to villages; those with significant negative correlation were
insolation and forest patch distance.
WP2: Assessing fragmentation and degradation of dryland forest ecosystems
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Data collection on forest stand structure and environmental variables
completed through field survey in all study areas
Degradation maps were generated from high resolution satellite images in Chile
WEPP model developed in Chiapas to simulate long term degradation effects
Collection of environmental and socioeconomic variables completed in all study
areas
Appropriate metrics for assessment of forest fragmentation identified in all study
areas
Analyses of fragmentation completed for each of the study areas
Statistical analyses of factors influencing pattern of forest fragmentation
completed in all study areas
Maps produced of forest fragmentation and degradation in all of the study areas
GIS databases (7) incorporating both environmental data and forest
fragmentation and degradation completed for all 7 study areas
Regression models produced analysing forest degradation trends and causal
factors
Manuscripts (5) describing research results completed, ready for submission to
international journals
Key findings: Trends in the landscape indices analysed revealed specific stages in the
process of fragmentation of dryland forests in Latin America. Dryland forest in Salta and
Veracruz are affected by a progressive fragmentation (division of large patches into
smaller ones) across the study periods. Veracruz exhibited a higher degree of
fragmentation than Salta, due to a greater variation in the relative values of the
landscape indices examined. Dryland forests in Oaxaca, Valparaíso and Cantillana were
characterized by a rapid fragmentation in the earliest years and a loss of forest patches
in more recent years. In the case of Oaxaca, this trend was more evident given by a
rapid increase in the number of patches during the first time interval. In Bariloche, the
forest showed a union of patches by regeneration, whereas in Chiapas, the dryland forest
did not exhibit a substantial change in the spatial configuration, remaining almost stable.
Driving factors of dryland forest degradation were related to accessibility to forests from
roads and urban areas and from agricultural frontiers in Chile (Valparaiso and Cantillana)
and in Salta, Argentina. In these areas, human pressures such as logging for fuelwood
and timber, browsing by cattle and fire have been the main causes of forest degradation.
In conclusion, our results demonstrate that dryland forests have been fragmented in
most of the study landscapes over the last four decades. Although forest degradation was
analysed only in Chile and one study area in Argentina, results reveal that forest
degradation can represent an additional threat along with forest fragmentation to dryland
forests in Latin America.
WP3: Analysis of biodiversity in dryland forest ecosystems
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Establishment and assessment of field plots has been completed in all 7 study
areas
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Databases were created incorporating results of field data for all 7 study regions
and integrated with GIS databases created in WP1
Statistical analysis of species-area relationships and floristic composition of forest
fragments completed, including regression models produced analysing impacts of
deforestation and fragmentation on diversity
Manuscripts (15) describing research results completed, ready for submission to
international journals
Key findings: Although in some regions patch variables (size, perimeter, perimeter:
area ratio, shape, etc.) were sufficient to predict some of the variation of woody species
diversity, overall they explained only a small proportion of the variance among sites and
patches. Patch attributes did not predict tree species richness of dry forests over most
regions of Mexico, but weak relationships with cover and tree species richness were
present in the Chilean database that showed a much lower range of tree species richness
values.
In most cases, environmental variables (topographic, climatic and
anthropogenic) were not strong predictors of tree diversity individually, with the
exception of elevation, which seems to account for a large increase in species richness of
trees, particularly in the database from Veracruz, Oaxaca, and Argentinean Yugas-Chaco
transition. In both these cases, it seems that drier forests at low elevations tend to be
species-poor compared to wetter higher elevation forests. In contrast, forests from Chile
and Chiapas seem to vary less with regard to topographic elevation gradients and
orographic rainfall gradients. At all sites in the dry forests of the Americas, much of the
variance in tree species richness among remnant forest patches seems to depend on
historical impacts of fire, grazing and cutting on current patch structure and diversity,
and possibly also on patch distribution and spacing over the landscape. These results
highlight the importance of developing restoration approaches in order for biodiversity
within these landscapes to be effectively conserved.
WP4: Experimental analysis of dryland forest restoration techniques
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Field experiments have been established, botanical material collected and
seedling production completed in all study sites
Seedlings transplanted trials investigating forest restoration techniques and
ecological processes have been completed in six study areas
Transnational field experiments completed in four study areas
The role of livestock in acceleration dryland forest succession was conducted in
Chiapas
A phenological study was conducted in central Veracruz and Chiapas
A study on potential use of the El Niño rainy years for restoration was conducted
in the Chilean Central Valley
Statistical analyses of experimental results were completed in seven study areas
Recommendations were produced with respect to restoration techniques and
approaches completed for all study areas
A database was created incorporating results of field experiments completed in all
study areas
Manuscripts (11) describing research results completed
Key findings: In Chiapas, Mexico the main obstacles for TDF restoration were related
to social and economical constraints. From a biological point of view, one problem is the
scarce knowledge on native species, including technical or biological information for
germination and growth requirements which limit their use in management and
conservation plans. Local knowledge about native trees is restricted to a few species;
therefore this increases the importance of studies, on more species. Training on tree
species propagation is essential because many local producers have manifested interest
in establishing and managing plantations of native species. To strengthen the strategy
for TDF restoration, it is important to take into consideration a research approach, the
role of local communities and the participation of governmental and nongovernmental
organizations. In Oaxaca, Mexico, since the long dry season affects seedling survival,
particularly in black and volcanic tuff soils, it is advisable to transplant at the beginning
of the rainy season in order to allow the development of a better root system. Use of
terraces facilitates plant survival because it increases the capture of the rain and
concentrates the moisture at the bottom of the furrow. However, few communities use
them because of their high cost. More research is recommended on seed germination,
growth of native tree species and vegetative reproduction by cuttings. In Central
Veracruz, Mexico, restoration success is directly related to site condition, since the best
species performance was recorded in the least disturbed sites with isolated shrubs or
trees that act as nurse individuals. Seedling transplant into disturbed sites is an
important technique to accelerate restoration of a site. Enrichment planting is
recommended in early successional sites with neither non-resprouting nor key primary
tree species (e.g., Cedrela odorata or other multipurpose, foraging and fruit species). In
mixed plantations, C. odorata as one of the most valuable woods in the area, can be
selected if irrigation is available and density of transplanted seedling is low. Encouraging
natural succession (passive restoration) excluding cattle and fire is advisable since
primary species are present at early successional sites and most of them are able to
resprout. Selection of tree species for restoration should take into account local
knowledge and site characteristics. In Central Valley, Chile, for forest restoration it
may be not necessary to eliminate herbs, since only during drier years would herbs have
a negative effect on seedling survival and growth. The use of nurse trees increases
success in restoration, in particular the nitrogen-fixing species. Exotic species may be
useful as nurse species and they may facilitate seedling establishment of woody native
species. It is not necessary to eradicate woody exotic species if they are not aggressive,
at least during the first phase of restoration programmes. Eradication may be necessary
after seedlings of woody native species are established. If plantations are established in
open sites, it is recommended to irrigate during summer even when the precipitation of
the year has been normal. Under any environmental condition herbivores should be
excluded. In Coastal range, Chile, the main factors influencing restoration success are
the presence of nurse species and water availability. Acacia caven is recommended as a
nurse species because it represents the main canopy in extended areas of degraded
forests. When dry conditions are very restrictive, it is recommended to apply irrigation to
plantations; however, it is important to consider distance to water sources and difficulty
to set up an irrigation system. In Northwestern Argentina, the use of native tree
species is recommended based on the following: 1) mortality in exotic tree species is
grater than in native tree species mainly during the dry season; 2) some exotic species
have difficulty with respect to site adaptation in the study area. A mixture of exotic
species and native species is recommended, to reduce ramification. In the case of the
native species, Cedrela balansae, pruning and chemical control of the insect pest,
Hisipyla grandella is recommended. In Southwestern Argentina, the main limiting
factor for establishment of A. chilensis is drought, especially in the limit with the steppe,
where some scattered isolated woodlands of this species occur. It is recommended to
use nurse shrubs (against extreme cold weather and soil frost during the winter) or
artificial shade (from direct sunshine and wind desiccation during the summer) to protect
seedlings and improve their survival. It is recommended that seedlings be planted when
older than two years, since in their first year, they are more vulnerable and mortality is
very high.
WP5: Sustainable use and restoration of dryland forest ecosystems
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Socio-economic analysis completed in all study areas
Recommendations for sustainable development of dryland forest resources
produced in report form (5 reports, one for each target area)
Database completed incorporating results of participatory surveys
Manuscripts (8) describing research results completed
Key findings: Clearly a single formula for restoration cannot be proposed for all the
studied regions, since the areas are not only ecologically but also socio economically
different. Land tenure is communal and the extension of land is relatively reduced in
most rural areas with dry forests in southern Mexico, whereas, land is mostly private and
extends for vast expanses in the northern Argentinean Yungas. Specific strategies and
recommendations should be individually targeted. However, some common points can
be identified. The need for restoring native forest has been recognized in several of the
studied regions. However, the willingness to carry out this restoration can be hindered
by loss of knowledge in the use value of native species (Chile), the uneven distribution of
such knowledge among people and even towns (Oaxaca) or conflicting governmental
policies (Chiapas). Clearly more studies of commercially important plant species such as
boldo and quillay in Chile are needed. Most areas concur on the need for more education
about the use value of native forest resources.
Management training is also
recommended in most regions. However, more studies on forest management and
restoration are needed. Firewood is a common resource of many dry forests of the
studied areas, and their extraction has contributed to forest degradation. One option to
reduce the impact of forest extraction on native species could be the establishment of
dendroenergetic plantations (Chiapas). In other regions this possibility should be
explored. For instance in Oaxaca, plantation of oaks has been recently established in
degraded areas in the Upper Mixtec region. Their supervised use for firewood in these
areas in the future supported by demographic and plant growth studies are necessary.
Searching for other energetic sources for heating is clearly desirable. Indeed, some
alternatives for cooking have been explored recently in some areas (Chiapas, Oaxaca),
but they require more diffusion. Overgrazing is a common problem, causing severe
degradation and erosion problems (Veracruz, Oaxaca), therefore careful management
programs of domestic animals such as sheep, cattle and goats are required. Exploring
the possibility of alternative sources of income for local people that replaces the use of
these animals, in particularly goats, is desirable. The need for implementing programs for
restoration and reforestation of native forests is also commonly recognized, but their
costs could be a major obstacle to their success.
Practices that foment passive
restoration is an alternative that should be explored in the future for circumvent the
costs of restoration, at least in certain cases. Most studies concur that ecosystem
services (water, soil, carbon sequestering) should be incentives for forest restoration in
addition to those involving direct economic benefits. This, however, requires the
involvement of local government and international organizations, since this kind of
practice can contribute to solving global problems. Since restoration involves long term
consequences, it is necessary that restoration programs are considered as projects of
long duration. These programs should be accompanied by research and monitoring of
the consequences of restoration, and should also be long-term activities.
WP6: Genetic variation and restoration of dryland tree species
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Genetic marker protocols were optimised for all targets species
Genetic analyses for each of the target species completed for genetic variation at
isozyme level in Austrocedrus chilensis and for Catopsis berteroniana,
Malacomeles denticulata. Also three Cedrela species were analyzed in Yungas
forests.
Results obtained for each of the target species
Database created incorporating results of genetic research
Analyses completed describing impacts of forest loss, fragmentation and
degradation on genetic variation
Recommendations produced for restoration of dryland forest resources based on
genetic results
Manuscripts (6) describing research results completed
Key findings: The genetic effects of fragmentation and forest degradation can be
complex and vary considerably among species. Some species can be benefited under
moderate levels of fragmentation. Since diversity decreases dramatically only with small
reductions of small sized fragments but not with small reductions of medium or large
fragments, it is important to keep fragments of medium or large size and avoid at all
means reductions in fragment size. Medium and large sized fragments can sustain some
species such as Catopsis berteroniana, which only succeed at fragment borders. In such
conditions, this species can maintain a healthy genetic diversity without evidence of
recent bottlenecks, and demographically show a nearly stable size distribution and a
positive growth. Under further reductions in fragment size, the total perimeter of the
fragments also decreases. Therefore, the habitat of this kind of species also decreases.
On the other hand, in a totally forested area, without little or no borders, the habitat of
this kind of species is also minimal. The existence of species with optimum habitat
availability at intermediate levels of fragmentation in which border size is maximized
supports Hustons’s (1979) intermediate disturbance hypothesis. We do not know for
sure how many species behave as Catopsis. Therefore, it is extremely important to
support more demographic and population genetic studies of most forest species in
temperate dry forests and shrublands in order to increase our understanding of the
genetic and demographic consequences of fragmentation for species potentially useful for
restoration. Some populations of the same species may differ considerably in genetic
diversity as is the case of Malacomeles denticulata. This implies that breeding programs
should first examine different populations and do not generalize a priori a common
behavior or genetic characteristics of the species based on studies of one or few
populations of the same species. Conservation programs should focus at population level
and prioritize those populations which are endangered, with have higher genetic
diversity, or both. Restoring practices should explore which phenotypes of the species
planned to be used for restoration are more suitable for resorting and which kind of
habitats are more suitable for a given phenotype..
WP7: Landscape-scale dynamics of dryland forest ecosystems
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Field data collection was completed in each of the target study areas.
Maps on GIS elevation, soil, vegetation types was collated and parameterisation
of models completed based on these maps, field data, published information and
expert knowledge.
Databases completed incorporating model parameters in each target study area
Climate data collated in all 5 areas and incorporated into GIS
Model validation completed in each study area
Different land use scenarios identified in 4 study areas for the LANDIS-II model.
Model predictions of different land-use and restoration scenarios completed
Assessment of the impacts of climate change on the potential for forest
restoration completed
Manuscripts (4) describing research results completed
Key findings: Simulating the potential for ecological restoration is important in areas
where anthropogenic disturbance has degraded forest landscapes. In degraded dry
forests, 'passive' restoration holds great potential to help forest recovery owing to its
relatively low financial costs and potential application over large areas. However, the
conditions under which passive restoration of degraded dry forest might be achieved in
practice are difficult to determine. In this study, we used LANDISII, a spatially explicit
model of forest dynamics, to assess the potential for natural recovery of dry at the
landscape-scale under a variety of different disturbance regimes in four study areas.
Specifically, we focused on the impact of fire, cattle grazing and tree cutting on forest
cover, structure and composition. Results suggest that dry forest is surprisingly resilient
to disturbance; in all study areas, under scenarios of relatively small or infrequent fires,
or light browsing pressure, forest extent was found to recover relatively rapidly. This
highlights the potential for passive restoration in all study areas, despite the fact that
forests have been widely degraded. However, forest structure and composition differed
markedly between disturbance scenarios; for example, in Chile, highest species richness
was recorded under scenarios with moderate disturbance. Complex interactions between
disturbances were also recorded; for example, the spread of invasive tree species in
Chile was found to interact with the fire and grazing regime. In Mexico, LANDIS-II
projections revealed that when grazing acts in combination with fire, forest cover,
structure and composition vary dramatically depending on the frequency and extent of
the fires. In all study areas, profound impacts of disturbance on forest structure were
recorded, even when forest extent was relatively little affected by disturbance regime. In
Mexico, results indicated that that the combination of large frequent fires and grazing has
a major negative impact on dry forest. This suggests that passive landscape-scale
restoration of dry forest is achievable only if grazing is excluded, and fires are carefully
managed to reduce their frequency and intensity. In contrast, forest restoration was
possible in the Chilean study areas under current disturbance regimes, indicating that
disturbance may have been much more severe in the past. This investigation also
highlighted the benefits of integrating high spatial resolution satellite imagery with
spatially explicit models to create a powerful set of tools to predict human impacts and
inform land use decision making in regions dominated by dryland forest.
WP8: identifying priority areas of dryland forest restoration








Database of environmental information collated
Literature review on selection of environmental criteria for restoration conducted
Dialogue established with international forest experts for Delphi process
Dialogue established with stakeholders in 5 study sites resulting in extraction of
information, training sessions and establishment of demonstration site
Multicriteria analysis conducted in northern Argentina, Oaxaca, Veracruz, Central
Chile and Chiapas
Database on environmental information and maps produced illustrating forest
restoration options within study areas, based on environmental criteria.
Exploration and sensitivity analysis of multicriteria analysis completed
Manuscripts (5) describing research results completed, ready for submission to
international journals
Key findings: According to the experts surveyed, during the restoration of unforested
areas, priority should be granted to sites that are close to existing forest, located in less
degraded areas that are less exposed to on-going pressures, and characterized by high
diversity in terms of both species and ecosystems. Among the five criteria, connectivity
and degradation are the ones with the lowest agreement rate (around 60-65 %). The
identification of restoration priorities in degraded forest areas should follow the same
principles except for the fact that more degraded areas should receive priority. In
general, the agreement rate that characterized criteria assessment for degraded forest
areas was higher than in the previous case, and always above 70%. Degradation and
disturbance are considered to be very important factors to guide the selection of
restoration priorities. Connectivity is considered to be very important in the case of
restoration in unforested areas, but slightly less important for degraded forest areas.
Ecosystem diversity is scarcely important for both restoration conditions. Finally, species
diversity is considered very important to guide the selection of restoration priorities in
degraded forests, but not so important in unforested areas. Application of these
methods in Mexico indicated that the key concept that attention should be paid is the
landscape mosaic instead of the single forest patch, which can provide configurations of
reforestation sites through a three-step spatial multicriteria analysis. The need for
integrating ecological and socioeconomic objectives was also addressed in subsequent
steps: ecological objectives provided a basis for the analysis, while socioeconomic ones
allowed for the refinement. This separation was necessary for both making the results
ecologically consistent and preventing exclusion of valuable reforestation options. The
availability of geographical data played a major role in the definition of the criteria sets:
even though the adopted criteria were effective in providing the suitability information
we were looking for, our methodology could take great advantage of a better data set.
This study was indeed primarily aimed at testing a methodology that, having proved to
be effective, should be improved through the selection (or the production) of ad hoc
data. In Veracruz it was found that selected priority areas have a unique combination
of characteristics that make each one important for conserving the biological and
cultural-historical diversity of the region. It appears feasible to connect existing forest
fragments in priority areas using other landscape elements such as permanent or
intermittent streams, secondary vegetation and tree plantations. Also, our data suggest
that ecological restoration should be used to connect cultural sites and create corridors
of ecotourism that may provide an economically sustainable alternative activity for
assuring the well-being of the local populations in the future. In northern Argentina, it
was clear that the objectives of management of land is a matter of societal choice. The
public MCA approach, with stakeholder weightings of criteria provided a structured and
collaborative process for combining multidisciplinary evaluations and inputs. The MCA
applied in this study helped to design and evaluate the “best” alternative as regards
priority areas for forest ecological restoration. MCA helped in particular to combine
different sources of information and to structure an explicit approach to evaluation. It
also served as a forum of discussion, negotiation, exchange of knowledge and final
selection of a finca that was closest to the economic, social, environmental and
institutional criteria as seen by the relevant actors involved in the decision. During the
second phase, we envisaged the proposal of sustainable forestry in a community as the
implementation of three steps: the formulation of which we called the ecosystem model,
i.e. the description of the forest resource mosaic as seen by the community, the
definition of the management goals, the identification of a variety of future options open
for the community for benefiting from the forest while protecting it.
WP9: Development of decision support tools, policy options and management
strategies










A project web site was developed promoting the project where results and
recommendations <http://reforlan.bournemouth.ac.uk/>.
UNEP-WCMC produced a synthesis page on tropical dry forest and its restoration,
highlighting relevant resources and including a brief introduction to the
REFORLAN project
Outreach programmes and capacity building were completed in all study areas,
promoting practical techniques for dryland forest restoration in local
communities, schools and universities
Participative workshops held to identify perception and priorities for forest
restoration at the local level
Dissemination of research results was achieved through scientific publications,
presentations, and booklets; the project was repeatedly profiled in national
media.
Pilot decision-support tools were produced
Book produced synthesizing results of research project
Manuscripts (4) submitted for publication in international scientific journals
Policy recommendations completed
Management recommendations and restoration guidelines completed
Scientific and policy impact
Overall, the project was successful in meeting its initial objectives, producing all
Deliverables on schedule. This represents a significant achievement, given the difficulties
experienced during project implementation, including the global economic downturn and
the influenza outbreak in 2009, which hindered project activities.
The project has delivered the first comparative analysis of dry forest restoration involving
multiple study areas in Latin America, and has been the first to employ a range of
techniques to restoration of dryland forest, including spatial multi-criteria analysis,
spatial modelling of forest dynamics, DNA-based genetic profiling methods. The
integration of these different approaches, conducted in multiple study areas, lends the
project results a high degree of novelty.
The project has also involved a large number (>50) early career students and scientists,
and has generated a substantive number (> 60) of scientific publications.
The project has had an impact at the highest scientific and policy level, in the following
ways:

A publication in the leading journal Science, which demonstrated for the first time,
through a systematic review and meta-analysis, that ecological restoration is effective
in increasing both biodiversity and provision of ecosystem services. This publication
was widely featured in international media, and is delivering a major scientific and
policy impact, providing strong evidence of the potential environmental and societal
value of ecological restoration approaches.

The project has also delivered a second high-impact publication, currently in review in
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA). This provides the first
systematic cost-benefit analysis of ecological restoration, achieved through spatial
analysis of ecosystem services associated with dry forest. Novel elements of this
research included the incorporation of a spatially explicit model of forest dynamics to
generate scenarios of future land cover change, a valuation approach focusing on
estimation of marginal values, and a comparative approach featuring parallel
analyses in four study areas. The results highlighted the fact that restoration impacts
are highly context specific, as the valuation and production of ecosystem services
varies strongly from place to place. However, overall, the results suggest that passive
approaches to dryland forest restoration are likely to be cost effective in most areas
investigated. This finding has major policy implications, which will be explored
through the development of a policy brief linking with REDD-Plus, and an associated
media campaign planned for 2010.
Plan for using and disseminating the knowledge published completed
Dates
Type
Type of audience
1.
2007
Project web site
2.
2007
Project web site
3.
4.
5.
2008
2007
2007
Paper published
Posters
Dissertation
Research / Conservation /
Education
Research / Conservation /
Environmental
Research
Research
Research
6.
2007
7.
2007
8.
9.
10.
11.
2008
2008
2008
2007
Promotion of project on
web site
Promotion of project on
web site
Paper published
Chapter published
Paper published
Book
12.
2007
Book chapter
13.
14.
2008
2008
Book
Book
15.
16.
2008
2008
Thesis finished
Thesis finished
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
Thesis
Thesis
Thesis
Thesis
Thesis
finished
finished
finished
finished
finished
Forest modelling community
Research / Conservation
community
Research
Research
Research
Research / Conservation
community
Research / Conservation
community
Research / Conservation/Education
Conservation / Environmental /
Education
Research in seed dispersal
Research in reforestation and
restoration
Research in change use soil
Research in restoration techniques
Research in restoration techniques
Research in restoration techniques
Research in burned areas in Chile
Countries
addressed
Global
Size of audience
3500 hits per month
Partner
responsible
1
Global
2 million hits per month
UNEP-WCMC
Global
Global
UK and
Mexico
Global
Global Journal
International conference
Accessible to academic
staff and students
International modelling
website
International website
1
UNEP-WCMC
1
Global Journal
International book
Global Journal
1
1
1
2
Global
Global
Global
Global
Latin America
Latin America
1
1
2
Chile
Chile
International
International
2
2
Global
Global
International
International
2
2
Global
Global
Global
Global
Chile
International
International
International
International
National
2
2
2
2
2
Dates
Type
Type of audience
Size of audience
Research in fire and restoration
Research in restoration techniques
Countries
addressed
Global
Chile
International
National
Partner
responsible
2
2
22.
23.
2009
2008
24.
2008
25.
2008
26.
2008
27.
28.
29.
30.
2008
2008
2008
2008
Article
Internal report of
undergraduate student
Internal report of
undergraduate student
Internal report of
undergraduate student
Internal report of
undergraduate student
Presentation
Presentation
Poster
Oral presentation
Research in restoration techniques
Chile
National
2
Research in restoration techniques
Chile
National
2
Research in restoration techniques
Chile
National
2
Research in Chilean Forestry law
Research about ReForLan project
Research avian frugivory
Dispersal process in dry and
temperate forests
Research about passive restoration
Research about El Niño
precipitation
Research and Education
Landowners / Stakeholders /
National government
General public
General public
General public
Research / Conservation
community
Local schools and research
community
Research, forest companies, local
stakeholders
Research community /
Conservation community
Research community /
Conservation community
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
National
International conference
National congress
International Congress
Chile
International
National congress
International
2
2
2
2
2
2
2 and 3
31.
32.
2008
2008
Poster
Additional funds
33.
34.
2008
2008
Additional funds
Project launch meeting
National
Chile
National
Regional
2
3
35.
36.
37.
38.
2008
2008
2008
2008
Newspaper El Sur
Newspaper La Tercera
Newspaper La Tercera
Oral presentation
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Regional
National
National
National
3
3
3
3
39.
2008
Oral presentation
Chile
40 people
3
40.
2008
Oral presentation
Chile
60 people
3
41.
2008
42.
2008
Three posters
presentation
Oral presentation
Chile
National
3
Chile
National
3
Dates
Type
Type of audience
Countries
addressed
Global
Size of audience
International
Partner
responsible
3
43.
2008
44.
2008
45.
2007
Promotion of project on
web site
Promotion of project on
web site
Presentation
Research community/conservation
community/educational audience
Research/conservation
community/educational audience
Research/environmental
Latin-America
International
3
Argentina /
Chile
Argentina /
Chile
Argentina /
Chile
Global
Global
Argentina
500 people
4
46.
2007
Presentation
Research/environmental
500 people
4
47.
2007
Presentation
Research/environmental
500 people
4
48.
49.
50.
2007
2008
2008
International journals
International journals
Research
51.
52.
53.
2008
2008
2008
Paper published
Paper published
Poster presentation at
the National Congress
on Biodiversity
Conservation.
Poster presentation
Poster presentation
Poster presentation
Global Journal
Global Journal
National
4
4
4 and 3
Research
Research
Research recovery of birds in
reforestation habitats
General public, Researchers,
Students
Research and forestry community
Forestry, Timber industry,
Research, Conservation
Argentina
Argentina
Argentina
National
National
National
4
4
4
54.
2007
55.
56.
2007
2008
57.
2008
Promotion of project on
web site
Presentation
Booklet (Forestation /
Reforestation
experiences)
Book
Latin-America
Around 1500 visits /
month
40 people
500 copies
5
Research, Forestry
Argentina
and Bolivia
Chiapas,
Mexico
Latin-America
Mexico
500 Copies
5
58.
2007
Promotion leaflets
300 Copies
6
59.
60.
2008
2008
Book chapter
Thesis finished
International
National
6
6
61.
2008
Thesis finished
Mexico
National
6
Capacity building leaflets for local
communities
Research
Research on sustainable use and
restoration
Research on sustainable use and
Bolivia
Argentina
5
5
Dates
Type
Type of audience
Countries
addressed
Size of audience
Partner
responsible
62.
63.
2008
2008
Poster presentation
Five workshops
restoration
Research
Local communities
Mexico
Mexico
6
6, 9 and 10
International
Symposium/National
and international
congress
Pamphlet of local
mushrooms
Community workshops
MSc dissertation
Research / conservation
community
Mexico, Latin
America
National
40 Participants /
workshop
1000
64.
2007
65.
2007
Visitors of forest reserve in Santa
Catarina Ixtepeji
Communities within Oaxaca
Research
Mexico
500
7
66.
67.
2007
2007
Oaxaca
Mexico
7
7
Research
Global
Research
Global
Global Journal
7
Research
Global
Global Journal
7
Research
Global
Global Journal
7
2008
Scientific paper
published
Scientific paper
published
Scientific paper
published
Scientific paper
published
MSc dissertation
250
Accessible to academic
staff and students
Global Journal
68.
2008
69.
2008
70.
2008
71.
2008
72.
Research
Mexico
7
73.
74.
2008
2008
Posters
Field guide completed
Research
Research / Conservation /
Education / Ecotourism
Global
Mexico
75.
2007
Poster
Research
Mexico
76.
2007
Oral presentation
Research
Mexico
77.
2007
Poster on line
global
78.
2007
Undergraduate thesis
Research / Conservation
community
Research
Accessible to academic
staff and students
International conference
Academic,
conservationists,
authorities, tourists
National conference (ca.
2500 people)
National conference (ca.
2500 people)
International web site
Mexico
Accessible to academic
8
7
7
7
7
8
8
8
Dates
Type
Type of audience
Countries
addressed
79.
2008
Project web site
Latin-America
80.
81.
2008
2008
Presentation of proposal
Undergraduate thesis
Research / Conservation /
Education
Research / social sciences
Research
82.
2008
Undergraduate thesis
Research
Mexico
83.
2008
Oral presentation
International
84.
85.
86.
87.
88.
89.
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
90.
2008
Oral presentation
Oral presentation
Oral presentation
Poster presentation
Paper published
Undergraduate thesis
completed
Master thesis completed
Research / Conservation /
Education / Policy / Environmental
law / Government / Justice
leaders/ International
organisations
Research / Education
Research / Education
Research / Education
Research / Education
Research / social sciences
Research
Latin America
91.
2008
Research / Conservation /
Education / Policy/ Environmental
law
Research
92.
93.
94.
95.
2007
2007
2007
2008
Researchers, managers
Researchers
Researchers, managers
Researchers, managers
96.
2007
onwards
Global
Spain
Spain
Global
(Spanish
readers)
10 Countries
10 countries
Undergraduate thesis
completed
Scientific publication
Conference
Conference
Book
Master
Master students
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Size of audience
staff and students
1000
Partner
responsible
8
15
Accessible to academic
staff and students
Accessible to academic
staff and students
Over 200 participants
8
8
1000
1000
1000
1000
Local journal
Accessible to academic
staff and students
Accessible to academic
staff and students
8
8
8
8
8
8
Accessible to academic
staff and students
International journal
80 Participants
65 Participants
International book
8
30, 27 and 37,
respectively
9
8
8
8
9
9
9
9 and 6
Dates
Type
Type of audience
Countries
addressed
Global
Size of audience
97.
2008
Scientific publication
98.
2008
Publication
Researchers, managers,
practitioners
General public
International popular
science magazine
9 and 1
Research
Research
Global
(Spanish
readers)
Global
Global
99.
100.
2009
2008
101.
2008
102.
103.
104.
105.
2008
2009
2009
2009
Scientific publication
Scientific publication
submitted
Presentation and
publication
2 conferences
Cooperation Project
Workshop
Two oral presentations
International journal
International journal
9 and 6
9, 6 and 1
Research
Global
International conference
10
Mexico
Chile
Chile
Global
University researchers
Regional
Regional
International (700)
10
3
3
3
Global
International (700)
3
Latin-America
International (400)
3
Latin-America
International (400)
3
Global
International (7100)
3
2010
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
Two poster
presentations
Book Chapter
Workshop
Booklet
Master Thesis
Oral presentation
Newspaper La Tercera
Paper published
Research
Local community/ Stakeholders
Local communities/Stakeholders
Research community /
Conservation community
Research community /
Conservation community
Research community /
Conservation community
Research community /
Conservation community
Research community / Forestry
community
National community
Regional Community
National community
Research
Research
General public
Research/Biodiversity
106.
2009
107.
2009
Two Poster
presentations
Two oral presentations
108.
2009
One poster presentation
109.
2009
110.
111.
112.
113.
114.
115.
116.
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
Global
National
Regional (80)
National (1000)
National
National (80)
National
Global Journal
3
3
3
3
3
3
8
117.
118.
2009
2009
Thesis finished
Poster presentation
Research /soil seed banks
Conservation/Multicriteria
Mexico
Mexico
International
300 people
8
8
International journal
Partner
responsible
9 and 1
Dates
Type
Type of audience
119.
120.
121.
122.
2009
2009
2009
2009
Poster presentation
Oral presentation
Simposium presentation
Seminar presentation
123.
124.
125.
126.
127.
128.
129.
2009
2009
2009
2008
2009
2009
2009
Paper published
Report
Oral presentation
Report
Book chapter accepted
Book chapter accepted
Book
130.
2009
Book
131.
2009
132.
133.
134.
135.
136.
137.
138.
139.
140.
141.
142.
143.
144.
145.
146.
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2009
2009
Poster presentation in
Congress
Paper published
Report
Poster
Poster
Educational/workshop
Scientific publication
Scientific publication
Book chapter
Scientific publication
Scientific publication
Poster presentation
Poster presentation
Workshop
Conference
Conference
Conservation/Multicriteria
Research/traditional knowledge
Researcher/Graduate students
Researcher/Foresters/Graduate
students
Research
Research, managers, practitioners
Research
Conservation, Forestry
Research, Forestry
Research, Forestry
Forestry, Timber industry,
Research, Conservation
Forestry, Timber industry,
Research, Conservation
Researchers, Students
Research
Conservation, Forestry
Word Forestry Congress
Word Forestry Congress
Researchers, Students
Researchers, managers
Research
Research
Research
Research
Researchers
Researchers
Researchers
Researchers, managers
General public
Countries
addressed
Mexico
Latin America
Mexico
Mexico
Size of audience
Partner
responsible
8
8
8
8
Global
Global
Global
Argentina
Argentina
Argentina
Argentina
500 people
800 people
500 people
50 (Professors,
graduate students)
International journal
International
International conference
Regional
Book, 500 copies
Book, 500 copies
Book, 500 copies
Argentina
Book, 500 copies
5
Latin America
Latin American
Conference
International Journal
International (MDL)
6000 people
6000 people
20
Regional journal
International journal
International journal
International journal
International journal
~ 450 participants
~ 450 participants
~ 14 participants
150 Participants
146 Participants
5
Global
Global
Global
Global
Argentina
Spain
Global
Global
The tropics
Costa Rica
Global
8
6
Spain
Perú
10
10 and 5
10
5
5
5
5
10 and 5
5
5
5
5
9
9 and 1
9
9 and 1
9
9
9
9, 3, 1
9
9
Dates
Type
Type of audience
147.
148.
149.
2009
2007
20072009
Conference
Survey
Handbook
150.
20072009
Workshop
Students
Decision-makers
Development community facilitator
/Research/Government/ONG´s/
Decisor-maker
Residents of the town of study
151.
20072009
Written paper workshop
152.
20082009
153.
2009
154.
155.
2009
2009
156.
2009
157.
2009
158.
2009
159.
2009
160.
2009
161.
2008
162.
2007
163.
2007
Altitudinal transect to
evaluate the Natural
Capital
Presentation and
Publication
Scientific publication
Presentation and
Publication
Presentation and
Publication
Presentation and
Publication
Presentation and
Publication
Presentation and
Publication
Presentation and
Publication
Presentation and
Publication
Presentation and
Publication
Conference
Countries
addressed
Perú
Mexico
Mexico
Size of audience
Mexico
11 workshop (40
participants a rough by
meeting)
150 Participants
27 respondents
Partner
responsible
9
10
6 y 10
6 y 10
Development community facilitator
/Research/Government/ONG´s/
Decisor-maker
Development community facilitator
/Research/Government/ONG´s/
Decisor-maker
Research
Mexico
6
Mexico
6
Latin America
International conference
7
Research
Research
Global
Mexico
International journal
National conference
7
7
Research
Latin America
International conference
7
Research
Mexico
National conference
7
Research
Mexico
National conference
7
Research
Latin America
International conference
7
Research
Global
International conference
7
Research
Global
International conference
7
Research
Global
International conference
7
Research
local
International conference
7
Dates
Type
Type of audience
Size of audience
Research
Countries
addressed
local
International conference
Partner
responsible
7
164.
2007
165.
2007
166.
2007
167.
2009
168.
2009
Conference and
publication
Presentation and
Publication
Presentation and
Publication
Manuscript accepted
with minor modifications
Master thesis
Research
Latin America
International conference
7
Research
Global
International conference
7
Research
Latin America
National Journal
7
Research
Mexico
7
Mexico
Chile
Chile
Chile
National
National
International
2
2
2
Chile
International
2
Chile
Chile
Chile
National
Chile
International
National
National
National
International
2
2
2
2
2
Manuscript
Published manuscript
Published manuscript
Published manuscript
Published manuscript
Dissertation completed
Interview on workshop
High school students and teachers
local authorities
Reforlan project results
Reforlan project results
Research in passive restoration
potential
Research in biodiversity and
conservation
Reforlan project results
Reforlan results
Reforlan proyect
Research of ecological restoration
Research of
biodiversity/fragmentation
Research willingness to restore
Research
Research
Research
Research
Research
Public
Accessible to academic
staff and students
150 , Local community
169.
2009
170.
171.
172.
2008
2009
2009
Worshop on
conservation
Presentation
Presentation
Presentation
173.
2009
Presentation
174.
175.
176.
177.
178.
2009
2009
2007
2009
2009
Presentation
Presentation
Presentation
Manuscript
Manuscript
179.
180.
181.
182.
183.
184.
185.
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
Chile
Latin America
Tropics
Global?
Global?
Latin America
Chile
2
1
1
1
1
1
3
Scientific publication
Research
Regional
International
International journal
International journal
International journal
International journal
International journal
Local
community/National
International journal
186.
2009
7
4
Dates
Type
Type of audience
191.
192.
2009
2010
2007
2007/20
08
2008
2008
Research
Research
General public
Education / Local organisations /
Local communities
Research
Education
193.
2009
Book Chapter
Oral presentation
Publication
Three Community
workshops
Poster
Course about
restoration and
education
Regional newspapers
194.
195.
196.
197.
198.
2009
2009
2009
2010
2009
Oral
Oral
Oral
Oral
Oral
199.
2009
200.
201.
202.
2009
2010
2009
187.
188.
189.
190.
Countries
addressed
Regional
International
Argentina
Argentina
Size of audience
Argentina
Argentina
International book
Over 400 participants
Regional
15 - 70 Participants /
workshop
National
30 participants
Education / Local organisations /
Local communities
Research
Local communities
Research
Research
Research
Argentina
Regional
International
Argentina
International
International
Argentina
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
PhD thesis
Research
Scientific Publication
Oral presentation
Course on conservation
and education
Research
Research
Education
Argentina
Chile
Global
International
Latin America
Accessible to academic
staff and students
International journal
Over 400 participants
30 participants
presentation
presentation
presentation
presentation
presentation
400
200
400
400
400
Partner
responsible
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
participants
participants
participants
participants
participants
4
4
4
4
4 in Col.
With UDEC
4
4
4
4
1. BU (partner 1) has developed a web site <http://reforlan.bournemouth.ac.uk/>
promoting the project where results and recommendations will be made widely available
to the research, conservation and development communities. This has been updated in
2008.
2. UNEP has produced a synthesis page on tropical dry forest and its restoration,
highlighting relevant resources and including a brief introduction to the ReForLan project.
This has been updated in 2008 at
<http://www.unep-wcmc.org/forest/restoration/fris/ecosystems.aspx>.
3. Newton, A.C., 2008. Restoration of Dryland Forests in Latin America: The ReForLan
Project. Ecological Restoration 26, 10-13. A draft was produced in 2007.
4. Fonzo, M., Miles, L., Kapos, V., and Brown, C., 2007. Restoration of Tropical Dry
Forests. UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Cambridge, UK. (submitted
abstract for a poster at The Subsidiary Body for Scientific, Technical and Technological
Affairs SBSTTA13).
5. Tejedor Garavito, N., 2007. Preliminary assessment of the structure and composition
of Chiapas’ dry forest in response to anthropogenic disturbance. Dissertation for MSc.
University of Bournemouth, Dorset, UK.
6. Project registered and disseminated
ii.org/documentation/ProjectsPage>.
on
7. Project
registered
and
disseminated
<www.earthrestorationservice.org/>.
LANDIS
on
website
Earth
<http://www.landis-
Restoration
Service
8. Newton, A.C., 2008. Conservation of tree species through sustainable use: how can it
be achieved in practice? Oryx 42(2), 195-205.
9. Newton, A.C., 2008. Bayesian Belief Networks in environmental modelling: a review
of recent progress. In: Environmental modelling research, ed. P. N. Findley, Nova
Science Publishers, Hauppauge, New York.
10. Newton, A.C. and Oldfield, S., 2008. Red Listing the world’s tree species: a review of
recent progress. Endangered Species Research 6, 137-147.
11. Serey, I., Ricci, M. and Smith-Ramírez, C., 2007. LIBRO ROJO: Prospección del
estado de conservación de la flora y fauna de la región del Libertador Bernardo
O`Higgins. Corporación Nacional Forestal, Santiago, Chile.
12. Smith-Ramírez, C. and Pliscoff, P., 2007. Richness centres of species and priority
areas for conserving biodiversity in Chile’s Region VI. In: LIBRO ROJO: Prospección del
estado de conservación de la flora y fauna de la región del Libertador Bernardo
O`Higgins. Corporación Nacional Forestal, Santiago, Chile.
13. Villagrán, C., Marticorena, C. and Armesto, J.J., 2007. Flora de las plantas vasculares
de Zapallar. Editorial Puntángeles y Publicaciones U.M.C.E., Santiago.
14. Hoffmann, A., and Armesto, J., 2008. Ecología, Conocer la Casa de Todos. Editorial
Biblioteca Americana. Santiago. 646 pp.
15. Reid, S., 2008. Doctorado en ecología. Interaction dynamics of avian frugivores and
plants in a patchy sclerophyllous shrubland of central Chile: implications for seed
dispersal and regeneration pattern. Dissertation for doctoral thesis. Pontificia Universidad
Católica de Chile.
25
16. Altamirano, T., 2008. Restauración de los sistemas Mediterráneos de Chile central:
desempeño de especies y patrones de recolonización natural de aves y plantas.
Undergraduate dissertation. Ingeniería Forestal, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería
Forestal, Universidad Católica de Chile.
17. Necochea, P., 2008. Landscape structure of the relict cloud forests of Fray Jorge
National Park, Chile. Undergraduate dissertation. Ingeniería en Recursos Naturales.
Universidad de Chile.
18. Castro, S., Effect of herbivory and precipitation on different woody species in central
Chile. Undergraduate thesis. Ingeniería Forestal, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería
Forestal, Universidad Católica de Chile.
19. Palma, J. Effect of N-fixing and non N-fixing nurse shrub species on seedling
establishment of two native trees in two contrasting habitats. Master thesis. Manejo de
Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Universidad Católica de
Chile.
20. Mayor, L. Effect of herbaceous cover and precipitation on seedling establishment of
three native woody species in two contrasting habitats. Undergraduate thesis. Ingeniería
Forestal, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Universidad Católica de Chile.
21. Yaitul V. 2009. Efecto de la heterogeneidad espacial en los incendios de Chile
Central. Undergraduate thesis. Universidad de La Frontera. Temuco, Chile..
22. Armesto J.J. , M. A. Bustamante-Sánchez, M. F. Díaz, M. E. González, A. Holtz, M.
Nuñez-Avila & C. Smith-Ramírez. 2007. Fire disturbance regimes, ecosystem recovery
and restoration strategies in Mediterranean and temperate regions of Chile. In:
Restoration strategies after forest fire. Eds.: A. Cerda, P. Robichaud & R. Primlani.
23. Maricarmen, Fernández, 2008. Effects of the herbivory and differential water pulse on
the survival ans establishment of Cryptocaria alba and Maytenus boaria. Research of
undergraduate students of biology.
24. Emilio Jelves, 2008. Effects of the herbivory and differential water pulse on the
survival and establishment of Quillaja saponaria. Research of undergraduate student of
biology.
25. Fernando Romero, 2008. Effects of the herbivory and differential water pulse on the
survival and establishment of Acacia caven and Senna cumingii. Research of
undergraduate student of biology.
26. Luz María Couyoumdjian, 2008. Effects of the herbivory and differential water pulse
on the survival and establishment of Lithrea caustica and Colliguaya odorifera. Research
of undergraduate student of biology.
27. Armesto, J.J., Nuñez-Avila, M., Smith-Ramirez, C., 2008. Ley de recuperación del
bosque nativo y fomento forestal: ¿cual es su aporte a la conservación de la
biodiversidad? (The new Chilean Forestry Law: How can it contribute to the conservation
of biodiversity?) XX Meeting of Botanic Society of Chile, September, Olmue, 2008.
28. Smith-Ramírez, C., Schulz, J., Echeverría, C., Salazar, A., Maturana, V., Celis J.L.,
Becerra, P., Cid, N., Miranda, A., Armesto, J. & Holmgren, M., 2008. Restauración de la
biodiversidad en el bosque esclerófilo de Chile. Como pensar en restauración a una
escala amplia. (Biodiversity restoration in the sclerophyllous forests of Chile. How to
26
think in a big scale). III Congress of Dry Land Ecosystems, November 13, 2008, Santa
Marta, Colombia.
29. Altamirano, T., & Becerra, P., 2008. Recolonización Natural de Aves en Ambientes
Reforestados con Bosque Nativo en la Zona Central de Chile (Natural recovering of birds
in reforested environment with native species in Central Chile). Congreso Internacional
sobre Aves Rapaces y Conservación, Quito, Ecuador 2008.
30. Armesto, J.J., Reid, S., Hoffmann, A., Celis, J.L., Willson, M.F., 2008. Interacciones
planta-frugívoro en bosques mediterráneo-templados de Chile, relevancia histórica,
actual y futura. (Plant-frugivore interactions in Mediterranean-temperate forests of Chile,
past, present and future relevance). II Congress of Ecology of Mexico, November 20,
2008, Mérida, México.
31. Necochea, P., Smith-Ramírez, C., Miranda, A. and Armesto, J., 2008.Cambios
vegetacionales en la región mediterránea de Chile en los últimos 50 años (1955 - 2005).
(Fifty years of vegetation change in the Chilean Mediterranean region (1955 – 2005)).
XLI Congress of Biological Society of Chile, November 26, 2008, Pucón, Chile.
32. PUC won complementary funds to develop WP 4. Project name: Evaluation of
potencial use El Niño phenomena in restoration of native vegetation of central Chile. This
project was send by UACH (partner 3) and PUC (partner 2). Funds from National Comitte
to Science (Conicyt). 16.600.000 Chilean pesos, 22.133 euros (750 Chilean pesos = 1
euro).
33. PUC won complementary funds to develop WP 5. Project name: Ecological restoration
in Sierras de Bellavista. Funds from National Comitte of Environment (CONAMA).
9.000.000 Chilean pesos, 12.000 euros (750 Chilean pesos = 1 euro).
34. The project launch was held in the Colliguay Valley on January 18, 2008. Private
landowners involved in restoration activities, regional stakeholders and students from
ReForLan participated in this activity.
35. A newspaper article on forest restoration activities (WP4) was published in “El Sur”
regional newspaper from Concepcion (July 14th).
36. A newspaper article on forest restoration activities (WP4) was also published in the
national newspaper “La Tercera” (July 14th).
37. A newspaper article on WP1 activities related to land use changes was published in
the national newspaper “La Tercera” (September 13th).
38. A presentation about ReForLan project, among other Chilean restoration initiatives,
was presented by Cristian Echeverria in a seminar on remote sensing applications in
forest science at Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco (November 14 th).
39. An oral presentation on the impacts of biodiversity loss in Chile was presented by
Cristian Echeverria at the El Vergel Agricultural School, Angol (October 20 th).
40. A presentation on ReForLan project, “Processes and Patterns in Fragmented
Landscapes”, was presented by Cristian Echeverria in a seminar on the Nahuelbuta
Reserve at the Universidad de Concepción (September 10th).
41. Three posters were presented by Nayadet Cid, Gustavo Bolados and Guillermo
Machuca at the Ecological Society of Chile Conference held in Pucon (November 26-29th).
42. An oral presentation on land use change was presented by Cristian Echeverria at the
Ecological Society of Chile Conference held in Pucon (November 26 th-29th).
27
43. A website was developed for the new “Landscape Ecology Laboratory” established at
Facultad de Ciencias Forestales at UACH. This website presents the main projects related
to the field, among which ReForLan project appears with its summary and most
important activities <www.lep.udec.cl>.
44. A website was developed for the Latin-American network on ecological restoration
(REDLAN), organization that involves all the restoration initiatives in Latin-American
countries. ReForLan project appears as one of the main projects on restoration in Chile
<www.redlan.org>.
45. Mathiasen, P. & Premoli, A.C., 2007. Variación genética en Nothofagus pumilio a lo
largo del gradiente latitudinal. III Reunión Binacional de Ecología Argentina-Chile. La
Serena, Chile. 30 September - 4 October 2007.
46. Premoli, A.C. & Kitzberger, T., 2007. Evidencia genética de refugios glaciarios de
bosque de Nothofagus en la costa Atlántica de Tierra del Fuego. III Reunión Binacional de
Ecología Argentina-Chile. La Serena, Chile. 30 September - 4 October 2007.
47. Souto, C.P., Premoli, A.C., Kitzberger, T. & Newton, A.C., 2007. Bosques marginales
de Austrocedrus chilensis: dispersión a larga distancia o paleofragmentación por fuego?:
evidencia genética. III Reunión Binacional de Ecología Argentina-Chile. La Serena, Chile.
30 September - 4 October 2007.
48. Premoli, A. C. & Brewer C.A., 2007. Environmental vs. genetically driven variation in
ecophysiological traits of Nothofagus pumilio from contrasting elevations. Australian
Journal of Botany 55: 585-591.
49. Premoli, A.C., Raffaele, E. & Mathiasen, P., 2007. Morphological and Phenological
differences in Nothofagus pumilio from contrasting elevations. Austral Ecology 32: 515523.
50. Premoli, A.C., Echeverria, C. and Machuca, G., 2008. A poster was presented at the
National Congress on Biodiversity Conservation, Argentina (August 11-14th).
51. Lallement, M.E, Tognetti, C. and Gobbi, M.E., 2008. Plantación de lengas en
matorrales post-fuego: efecto de la modificación del sustrato utilizando residuos
madereros. Congreso de Biodiversidad y Conservación (Esquel, Argentina), October
2008.
52. Souto, C.P., Premoli, A.C., Kitzberger, T., 2008. Patterns of genetic variation of
Austrocedrus chilensis and their correlate with the history of disturbances in Patagonia.
XXIII Reunión Argentina de Ecología. San Luis, Argentina. 25-28 november 2008.
53. Kitzberger, T., Souto, C.P. and Premoli, A.C., 2008. Are fragmented woodlands of
Austrocedrus from NW Patagonia fire paleorefugia? Demographic evidences. (Dissertation
Heinemann). XXIII Reunión Argentina de Ecología. San Luis, Argentina. 25-28 november
2008.
54. Fundación ProYungas web-site has a section for the ReForLan project
<http://www.proyungas.org.ar/nuestrotrabajo/reforlan.htm>, linked to the main project
web-site.
55. April 2007. FPY presented the work and achievements of the Responsible Forestry
Management Program, a body of actions implemented by FPY that includes the ReForLan
Project in a workshop at Tarija, Bolivia.
28
56. In press. FPY (partner 5) edited the booklet “Tree growth and performance in
reforestation and restoration trials: experiences from Valle Morado experimental
plantation”: this publication in Spanish summarizes seven years of reforestation and
restoration experiences from a 50-ha experimental plot that harbours 8 native and 7 exotic
tree species.
57. March 2008. FPY (partner 5) edited the book “Ecology, natural history and
conservation of Premontane forests at the austral Yungas”: the book focuses on ReForLan
study area and compiles, in the form of chapters, available and recently produced
information for this threatened ecosystem. It was published in Spanish by Ediciones del
Subtrópico with support of the ReForLan Project. Two chapters correspond to project staff.
58. ECOSUR, 2007 Collecting seeds: good practices for seed collection from native tree
species and ECOSUR, 2007 Forest restoration and sustainable management of the
tropical dry forest in central Chiapas, Mexico.
59. Miceli-Méndez, C.L., Ferguson, B.G. and Ramírez-Marcial, N., 2008. Seed Dispersal by
Cattle: Natural History and Applications to Neotropical Forest Restoration and
Agroforestry. In: Myster, R.W. (Ed), Post-Agricultural Succession in the Neotropics,
Springer, pp 165-191.
60. Alfredo Velasco Pérez, 2008. MSc. thesis. Escuela de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad
Autónoma de Chiapas, San Cristóbal de Las Casas, Chiapas, México.
61. Rigoberto Alfaro. 2008. Influence of holistic vs. conventional management on
composition and function of pastures in the dry tropics. MSc. thesis. ECOSUR, San
Cristóbal de Las Casas, Chiapas, Mexico.
62. Poster title: Diversidad de árboles del Bosque seco en la Depresión Central de
Chiapas, México. II Mexican Congress of Ecology, Mérida, Yucatán, México, November
17-21, 2008.
63. Five “Sustainable Livelihood” workshops were held in Chiapas,
interviewing local people in order to accomplish the objectives of WP8.
64. Trujillo Argueta Sonia, Gomez Ocampo Zaneli, del Castillo Rafael F.
Chaparro Demetria. 2007. Determinación del grado de endogamia de
explotadas en Oaxaca.
Séptimo Simposio Internacional Bienal
Oaxaqueños. Instituto Welte de Estudios Oaxaqueños.
Universidad
Sureste, campus El Rosario. 2-4 agosto 2007 Oaxaca, Oax.
México,
for
y Mondragón
dos especies
de Estudios
Regional del
65. Vázquez Mendoza, S. Rivera García Raúl y Valenzuela Ricardo 2009 Pamphlet of local
mushroom of Santa Catarina Ixtepeji
66. Community workshops in Mixteca Alta, Oaxaca, Mexico
67. Zaneli Gómez Ocampo, 2007. MSc dissertation. Diversidad genética de una bromelia
de importancia comercial. Tesis maestría en Ciencias en conservación y aprovechamiento
de recursos naturales. CIIDIR Oaxaca, Instituto Politécnico Nacional
68. del Castillo, R.F. and Trujillo, S., 2008. The effect of inbreeding depression on
outcrossing estimates in populations of a tropical pine. New Phytologist 177(2): 517-524.
69. del Castillo, R.F. and Pérez-Ríos, M.A., 2008. Changes in seed rain during secondary
succession in a tropical montane cloud forest region in Oaxaca, Mexico. Journal of
Tropical Ecology 24(4): 433-444.
29
70. del Castillo, R. F., S. Trujillo A., and Sáenz-Romero, C. 2009. Ecology, genetics, and
conservation of Pinus chiapensis, a keystone species. Forest Ecology and
Management 257: 2201–2208
71. del Castillo, R. F. and S. Trujillo A. 2009. Reproductive implications of combined and
separate sexes in a trioecious population of Opuntia robusta (Cactaceae). American
Journal of Botany 96(6): 1148-115
72. Vázquez Mendoza Sadoth, 2008. MSc dissertation. Ecología de Comunidades de
Macromicetos a lo largo de un Gradiente Altitudinal en Santa Catarina Ixtepeji, Oaxaca.
Tesis Maestría en Ciencias.
73. Aguilar Santelises María de los Remedios y del Castillo Rafael F. 2008. Valoración del
efecto de la aculturación sobre el conocimiento tradicional de uso de plantas en El
Rincón, Sierra Norte, Oaxaca Congreso Mexicano de Ecología 2008, Mérida, Yucatán, 1621 de noviembre 2008. Oral presentation
74. Illustrated field guide of common mushrooms in Santa Catarina Ixtepeji completed
and in searching for a publisher.
75. “Fenología de árboles con potencial para restauración ecológica del bosque seco de
Veracruz”. Claudia Alvarez-Aquino, Javier Tolome Romero and Guadalupe WilliamsLinera. XVII Mexican Conference of Botany. Zacatecas, Zacatecas, October 14-18, 2007.
76.
“Estructura de la vegetación y biodiversidad de árboles en el bosque seco del
centro de Veracruz con fines de restauración”. Guadalupe Williams-Linera. XVII Mexican
Congress of Botany. Zacatecas, Zacatecas, October 14-18, 2007.
77.
Poster in the web-site exhibition about important projects being carried out at
INECOL (http://www.ecologia.edu.mx/inecol2005/nuevacara/carteles/27.jpg).
78.
Estructura, composición y diversidad de la selva baja caducifolia del centro de
Veracruz, Mexico. BSc thesis. Student: Luis Eduardo Zacarías. Advisor: Guadalupe
Williams-Linera. Date: May 2007.
79.
IE
has
developed
a
web
site
<http://proyectos.inecol.edu.mx/reforlan/>promoting the project in Veracruz where
results and recommendations will be made widely available to the research, conservation
and development communities.
80.
Maria Elena Ramos. Presentation of research proposal. Colegio de Veracruz.
Xalapa, Veracruz. March, 2008.
81.
Daniela Nogueira Trueba. Contribución al conocimiento de la flora del Bosque
Tropical Caducifolio en el centro de Veracruz, México. Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y
Agropecuarias. Universidad Veracruzana. Campus Orizaba-Córdoba, Peñuela, Veracruz.
Undergraduate thesis. October 2008.
82.
Maria Toledo Garibaldi. Estructura de la vegetación, composición y diversidad de
especies leñosas a lo largo del gradiente altitudinal de la selva baja caducifolia del centro
de Veracruz. Historia y proyección futura. Facultad de Biología. Universidad Veracruzana.
Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico. Undergraduate thesis. Completed and defended on November
3, 2008.
83.
Montero, J.A. and López-Barrera, F. El papel de las políticas públicas en el cambio
de uso de suelo, la restauración del paisaje forestal, la conservación de la biodiversidad y
el desarrollo sustentable. El caso de la selva baja caducifolia en el centro de Veracruz,
30
México. The 6th Annual Colloquium of the IUCN Academy of Environmental Law. Mexico,
D.F. November 10-15, 2008. Oral presentation.
84.
Williams-Linera, G. Restauración del paisaje del bosque tropical seco para la
conservación de la biodiversidad y el desarrollo rural en el centro de Veracruz. In:
Simposio, Aproximaciones y estrategias de la restauración ecológica en México. Mexican
Congress of Ecology. Mérida, Yucatán. November 16-21, 2008. Invited oral presentation.
85.
Alvarez-Aquino, C., G. Williams-Linera. Restauración ecológica experimental de
selva baja caducifolia en el centro de Veracruz. Mexican Congress of Ecology. Mérida,
Yucatán. November 16-21, 2008. Oral presentation.
86.
Pedraza, R. A. Evaluación de plantaciones forestales y su papel en la restauración
de la selva baja caducifolia en el centro de Veracruz. Mexican Congress of Ecology.
Mérida, Yucatán. November 16-21, 2008. Oral presentation.
87.
Ponce González, O., C. Alvarez-Aquino. Remoción de semillas y germinación (in
situ y ex situ) de cuatro especies arbóreas nativas de la selva baja caducifolia del centro
de Veracruz. Mexican Congress of Ecology. Mérida, Yucatán. November 16-21, 2008.
Poster.
88.
Méndez Main, S., 2008. Actividad Económica y situación social de un municipio
situado en la región del bosque seco: Paso de Ovejas. Con-ciencia política. (Revista
Veracruzana de El Colegio de Veracruz. Xalapa, México, especializada en ciencia política,
administración pública, desarrollo regional y derecho. Publicación trimestral).
89.
Hernández Ascensión, E., 2008. Biodiversidad y sucesión secundaria en el bosque
tropical seco del centro de Veracruz, México. Escuela de Biología. BUAP. Puebla, Puebla.
Undergraduate thesis completed and defended: December 5, 2008.
90.
Montero Solano, J.A., 2008. El papel de las políticas públicas en el cambio de uso
de suelo en el centro de Veracruz: hacia la restauración del paisaje forestal, la
conservación de la biodiversidad y el desarrollo sustentable. Universidad Anahuac.
Maestria en Política, Gestión y Derecho Ambientales. Xalapa, Veracruz. MSc thesis.
Completed.
91.
Ponce González, O., 2008. Remoción de semillas y germinación (in situ y ex situ)
de cuatro especies arbóreas nativas de la selva baja caducifolia del centro de Veracruz.
Facultad de Biología, UV. Undergraduate thesis. Completed.
92.
Rey Benayas, J.M., Martins, A., Nicolau, J.M. & Schulz, J.J. 2007. Abandonment of
agricultural land: an overview of drivers and consequences. CAB Reviews: Perspectives in
Agriculture, Veterinary Science, Nutrition and Natural Resources 2, No. 057.
93.
Rey Benayas, J.M., Bullock, J.M. y Newton, A.C. 2007. Creación de islotes
forestales para reconciliar restauración ecológica, conservación y uso agrícola. I Congreso
Nacional de Biodiversidad. DIVERSITAS/International Union Biological Sciences. 12-14
November, 2007. Segovia. Pp. 22.
94. Rey Benayas, J.M., Bullock, J.M. y Newton, A.C. 2007. Creación de islotes forestales
para reconciliar restauración ecológica, conservación y uso agrícola. Reunión “Retos y
nuevas perspectivas en la revegetación de sistemas forestales”. Sociedad Española de
Ciencias Forestales y Asociación Española de Ecología Terrestre. 21-23 November, 2007.
Alcalá de Henares. Pp. 303-308.
95. González-Espinosa, M., Rey Benayas, J.M. y Ramírez-Marcial, N. (eds.), 2008.
Restauración de bosques en América Latina. Mundi-Prensa México y Fundación
31
Internacional para la Restauración de Ecosistemas. México DF. More information at
<http://www.fundacionfire.org/publicaciones.html>.
96. Official Master on Restoration Ecology, directed by Jose M. Rey Benayas. More
information at <http://www2.uah.es/master_rest_eco/>. 2007 – onwards.
97. Rey Benayas, J.M., Bullock, J.M. & Newton, A.C., 2008. Creating woodland islets to
reconcile ecological restoration, conservation, and agricultural land use. Frontiers in
Ecology and the Environment 6, 329-336 (doi: 10.1890/070057).
98. Rey Benayas, J.M., Bullock, J.M. y Newton, A.C., 2008. La creación de islotes
forestales en tierras de cultivo. Quercus 270: 22-26.
99.
Cayuela, L., de la Cruz, M. & Ruokolainen, K., 2009. A method to incorporate the
effect of taxonomic uncertainty in the face of taxonomic uncertainty. Ecography,
accepted.
100. Golicher, D.J., Cayuela, L. & Newton, A., 2008. Pseudo-absences, pseudo-models
and pseudo-niches: pitfalls of the area under the curve. Ecography, submitted.
101. Orsi, F., Geneletti, D. Combining environmental and socioeconomic indicators in a
spatial context to identify priority areas for forest restoration. In Carey, P. (Ed.)
Landscape Ecology and Conservation (Proceedings of the 15 th Annual IALE (UK)
Conference, held at Murray Edwards College Cambridge, 2008), pp. 1-8. IALE (UK).
102. - Ianni E. Seminar held at Instituto de Ecologia, Xalapa, Mexico, 5 November
2008, on MCA as decision support tool in environmental decision-making.
- Ianni E. Seminar held at CITRO, Xalapa, Mexico, 5 November 2008, on MCA as decision
support tool in environmental decision-making.
103. UACh worked on a complementary project to REFORLAN. This project is about the
assessment of water demands in the Casablanca Valley and the determination of priority
sites for restoration with the purpose of securing a larger water production and with a
better quality. This project was funded by the National Committee of Science and
Technology (CONICYT). 18.000.000 Chilean pesos, 23076 euros (780 Chilean pesos = 1
euro).
104. The complementary project organized a workshop in the Casablanca County. In
this workshop the main project objectives were presented and REFORLAN activities were
also communicated to the local people (R. Urrutia made an oral presentation REFORLAN).
Water managers of rural communities and local and regional stakeholders participated in
this activity.
C. Echeverría made two oral presentations in the 19th Conference of the
Society for Ecological Restoration International hold in Perth, Western
105.
Australia, 23-27 August 2009:
-Restoration of dryland forest landscapes for biodiversity conservation in
Central Chile. C. Echeverria, R. Urrutia, J. Schulz, JM. Rey-Benayas, A. Lara.
Replacement of a forest stand of exotic species by native plants in the
dryland landscape in Central Chile. C. Echeverria, G. Bolados, R. Pizarro.
19th Conference of the
Society for Ecological Restoration International hold in Perth, Western
106.
C. Echeverría also presented two posters in the
Australia, 23-27 August 2009
An integrated approach to restore the natural capital of dryland forest in
central Chile. I. Schiappacasse, L. Nahuelhual, F. Vásquez, C. Echeverría.
32
Restoration of dryland forest landscapes for biodiversity conservation in
central Chile. C. Echeverría, R. Urrutia, J. Schulz, J. M. Rey-Benayas, A. Lara.
107. Two oral presentations were given by project members in the Latin America
Congress of Landscape Ecology in Brazil:
C. Echeverría presented: ““A comprehensive assessment of spatial patterns
and causes of landscape change in Chile” C. Echeverria, A. Newton, JM Rey-Benayas, J.
Schulz, L. Nahuelhual, D. González”. Latin American Congress of Landscape Ecology,
Campos do Jordão, Brazil, 4-7 October 2009.
I. Schiappacasse presented: “An integrate approach to restore the natural
capital of dryland forests in central Chile”. I. Schiappacasse, L. Nahuelhual, F. Vásquez,
c. Echeverría. Latin American Congress of Landscape Ecology, Campos do Jordão, Brazil,
4-7 October 2009.
108. R. Fuentes presented a poster in the Latin American Congress of Landscape
Ecology entitled “Estimating forest degradation using MODIS products in the dry land
forest landscape in Central Chile” D. González, R. Fuentes, C. Echeverria C, AP.Cortes.
109. Ignacio Schiappacasse attended to the World Forestry Congress in Buenos Aires,
Argentina, 18-23 October, 2009. He presented two posters:
An integrated approach to restore the natural capital of dryland forest in
central Chile”. I. Schiappacasse, L. Nahuelhual, F. Vásquez, C. Echeverría.
Spatio-temporal analysis of deforestation and fragmentation patterns. C.
Echeverria, JM. Rey-Benayas, L. Nahuelhual, D. González, A. Newton.
110. A. Lara and R. Urrutia sent a report on native forests in Chile. It included
information on REFORLAN results and it will be published in 2010.
Lara, R. Reyes & R. Urrutia. Bosques Nativos in: Informe Pais, Estado del
medio ambiente en Chile 2009 (Native Forests in: National Report, State of the
environment in Chile). Universidad de Chile. Santiago, Chile (submitted).
111. A final workshop on the main results of REFORLAN and the complementary project
will be held in Viña del Mar on December 11, 2009. The local community and Regional
stake holders will be invited to participate. Researchers and students from UACh and PUC
will present their results. A total of 11 oral presentations were given.
112. A booklet containing the main results of the REFORLAN project, especially
concerning the restoration techniques, will be primarily distributed in the final workshop
of REFORLAN.
113. I. Schiappacasse is in the final stage of his Master thesis entitled “Considering
time in the contingent valuation method: a case study from Central Chile”.This thesis
contributes to the accomplishment of WP5.
114. Ignacio Schiappacasse made an oral presentation at the XIV Congreso de
Economistas Agrarios de Chile. Viña del Mar, Chile. 5-6 de noviembre 2009. The title of
the presentation was “Valuing the benefits of dryland forest restoration in central Chile”.
Schiappacasse, I., Nahuelhual, L., Vásquez,, F., Echeverría, C.
115. A newspaper article on Reforlan’s results was published in “La Tercera”, a national
distribution newspaper. This article illustrated the major achievements obtained for WP1,
WP2, WP4, WP5, WP7, WP8 and WP9 by UACh.
116. Williams-Linera, G. and Lorea, F., 2009. Tree species diversity driven by
environmental and anthropogenic factors in tropical dry forest fragments of central
Veracruz, Mexico. Biodiversity and Conservation 18:3269–3293. DOI 10.1007/s10531009-9641-3.
33
117. Laura Patricia Barradas Sánchez. Caracterización del banco de semillas en
vegetación secundaria de selva baja caducifolia en el centro de Veracruz. Facultad de
Biología, UV. Xalapa, Mexico. Completed.
118. Gómez Alanis, C. and Williams-Linera, G. 2009. Análisis multicriterio de variables
bióticas y culturales para identificar áreas prioritarias para la conservación de la selva baja
caducifolia. VII Congreso Nacional sobre Áreas Naturales Protegidas de México. July 13-17,
2009, San Luis Potosí, México. Poster presentation.
119. Gómez Alanis, C., Williams-Linera, G. and Ladrón de Guevara, S. 2009. Uso de
variables bioticas y culturales en el análisis multicriterio para identificar áreas de
importancia para la conservación del bosque tropical caducifolio en el centro de Veracruz.
Encuentro Nacional sobre Biodiversidad, Conservación y Restauración Ecológica. 17-19
November, 2009, Morelia, México. Poster presentation.
120. Suárez, A., Williams-Linera, G., Vibrans, H, Valdez-Hernández, J.I., Cetina-Alcalá,
V, Trejo, C. Integrando el Conocimiento Local en la Selección de Especies Leñosas para
Recuperación de Bosque Seco en Paso de Ovejas, Veracruz, México. VII Congreso
Mexicano de Etnobiología y 1er Congreso Latinoamericano de Etnobiología, Pachuca,
Mexico, 2-6 November, 2009. Oral presentation
121. Williams-Linera, G. Restauracion ecologica y biodiversidad en paisajes forestales
del centro de Veracruz. Simposio sobre Restauración Ecológica. In: Encuentro Nacional
sobre Biodiversidad, Conservación y Restauración Ecológica. Morelia, Mexico, 19
November 2009. Simposium presentation.
122. Suárez-Islas, A. Selección de especies leñosas potenciales para la rehabilitación
de la selva baja caducifolia de Paso de Ovejas, Veracruz con base en el conocimiento
local. Colegio de Postgraduados. Seminario de Botánica. Montecillos, Mexico. August 19,
2009. Seminar presentation.
123. Orsi, F., Geneletti, D., 2010. Identifying priority areas for Forest Landscape
Restoration in Chiapas (Mexico): An operational approach combining ecological and
socioeconomic criteria. Landscape and Urban Planning 94, 20-30.
124. Ianni, E., Malizia, L., Geneletti, D. An experience of Forest Landscape Restoration
in the Yungas ecosystem (Northern Argentina). UNEP Report.
125. Orsi, F., Church, R. L., Geneletti, D. An Integer Programming-based model to
include ecosystem services into the prioritisation of forest restoration areas. Oral
presentation and abstract at the European Congress of Conservation Biology held in
Prague (1-5 September 2009).
126. Garnier, F. 2008. Economic and Financial Analyses of Reforestation and Forest
Enrichment in Northwestern Argentina. Fundación ProYungas.
127. Blundo, C y LR Malizia. 2009. Impacto del aprovechamiento forestal en la
estructura y diversidad de la selva pedemontana. En AD Brown, P Blendinger y T
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las Yungas Australes. Ediciones del Subtrópico, Fundación ProYungas.
128. Malizia, LR, SE Pacheco y BA Loiselle. 2009. Árboles de valor forestal en las
Yungas de la alta cuenca del río Bermejo. En AD Brown, P Blendinger y T Lomáscolo
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129.
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Yungas: protocolo para el desarrollo de un plan de manejo forestal e implementación en
una finca piloto. Ediciones del Subtrópico, Fundación ProYungas. 101 pp.
130. Balducci, ED, MF Arturi, JF Goya y AD Brown. 2009. Potencial de Plantaciones
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131. Pacheco S., Cristobal L., Buzza K. Land Use Change in the Yungas Biosphere
Reserve in NW Argentina and its area of influence (1975-2005).
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Landscape Ecology Conference. Campos do Jordão, Brasil. October 4-7, 2009. Poster.
132. Ianni, E, M Mattenet, D Geneletti y LR Malizia. 2009. Community-based forest
management in the Yungas Biosphere Reserve, Northern Argentina. Environment,
Development and Sustainability.
133. Fundación ProYungas y ONF Internacional. 2009. Forest restoration of sensitive
lands in the Yungas Biosphere Reserve, Provinces of Jujuy and Salta, Argentina.
134. Blundo, C, Malizia L.R, Pacheco S. 2009. Red Subtropical de Parcelas Permanentes
en la Cuenca del Río Bermejo: Diversidad, Uso y Conservación del bosque. Congreso
Forestal Mundial. Buenos Aires, Argentina. 18-23 Octubre. Poster.
135. Badinier, C, LR Malizia y P Eliano. 2009. Definición de criterios y líneas prioritarias
de acción para el manejo de las selvas subtropicales de montaña (Yungas) del noroeste
de Argentina. 18-23 Octubre, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Poster.
136. Theoretical and Practical Workshop: Tools for GIS. By Pacheco S., Cristóbal L.,
and Buzza K. Tucumán, Argentina. December 14-18, 2009.
137. Rey Benayas, J.M., Bullock, J.M. y Newton, A.C. 2008. Creación de islotes
forestales para reconciliar restauración ecológica, conservación y uso agrícola. Cuadernos
de la Sociedad Española de Ciencias Forestales 28: 277-282.
138. Rey Benayas, J.M., Newton, A.C., Díaz, A., Bullock, J.M. 2009. Enhancement of
Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services by Ecological Restoration: a Meta-analysis. Science
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139. Cayuela, L. 2009. Fragmentation. En: Gillespie, R. & Clague, D. (eds.)
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140. Cayuela, L., Golicher, D.J., Newton, A., Kolb, M., de Alburquerque, F.S., Arets,
E.J.M.M., Alkemade, R.M. y Pérez, A.M. 2009. Species distribution modelling in the
tropics: Problems, potentialities, and the role of biological data for species conservation.
Tropical Conservation Science 2(3): 319-352.
141. Cayuela, L., Hawk, A.A., Fernández-Vega, J., Murcia, C., Oviedo-Brenes, F. 2009.
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142. Cayuela, L., de la Cruz, M., Ruokolainen, K. 2009. A method to incorporate the
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143. Galvez, L., Cayuela, L. 2009. The Tree Biodiversity Network (BIOTREE): Prospects
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144. Preliminarey program of the BIOTREE-NET Workshop. Granada, Spain, 23-25
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145. Rey Benayas, J.M. 2009. Restoration of biodiversity and ecosystem services. IX
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146. Rey Benayas, J.M. 2009. Restauración de la biodiversidad y los servicios
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147. Rey Benayas, J.M. 2009. Restauración de la biodiversidad y los servicios
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148. Huerta, M. 2007. 27 surveys were applied to decision-makers in Villaflores,
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149. Parra, M., Herrera, B., Huerta, M., Ramos, P., Román, S., Araujo, R., Liscovsky, I.
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150. Huerta, M. 11 Sustainable Livelihood Workshop in poor villages in Chiapas, Mex.,
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151. Huerta, M. 11 Written paper by Sustainable Livelihood Workshop, between 2008
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152. Huerta, M. 2008-2009. Nine reports: Evaluation of the Natural Capital in the same
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153. Pacheco Hernández Adriana, María de los Remedios Aguilar Santelises, Marco
Antonio Vásquez Dávila 2009. Plantas útiles del bosque templado de Santiago Huauclilla,
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154. del Castillo, R. F. and S. Trujillo A. 2009. Evidence of restoration cost in the
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155. Vázquez Mendoza, S. del Castillo, R. F. y Valenzuela Ricardo. 2009. Implicaciones
de la distribución altitudinal de macromicetos en Santa Catarina Ixtepeji, Oaxaca,
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Oaxaca Instituto Politécnico Nacional, expected to be defended by December 2010.
156. Del Castillo, R.F. 2009. Restauración de ecosistemas naturales degradades: la
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157. Vázquez Mendoza, S. del Castillo, R. F. y Valenzuela Ricardo. 2009. Patrones de
diversidad de macromicetos lignícolas y micorrízicos respecto a gradientes altitudinales.
Congreso Nacional de Micología, Guadalajara Jalisco, September 24, 2009.
36
158. Trujillo Argueta Sonia y del Castillo Rafael F. 2009. Estimación de polimorfismo
genético en una rosacea por medio de SNPs. V Jornadas Politécnicas de Investigación.
CIIDIR IPN Unidad Oaxaca. Noviembre 10-12 2009. Nacional National Symposium with
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159. Trujillo Argueta Sonia, Gomez Ocampo Zaneli, del Castillo Rafael F. y Mondragón
Chaparro Demetria. 2009. Estructura genética de una epífita de importancia económica
en Oaxaca, México. Simposio “Conservación y Manejo de los Recursos Vegetales en
América Latina”. Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica. Diciembre 3-4 2009.
with published abstract.
160. del Castillo R.F., S. Trujillo and Cuauhtemoc Sáenz-Romero. 2008. Ecological and
genetic considerations for conservation of an endangered Mexican white pine. Conference
on breeding and genetic resources of five-needle pines. Korea forest search Institute.
22-26 september. Yang yang, South Korea. With published abstract.
161. Del Castillo, R.F & S. Trujillo Argueta. 2008. Genetic factors may increase the
risk of population extinction in small populations of a tropical pine. XX International
Congress of Genetics. Berlin, Germany. July 12-17. With published abstract
162. Del Castillo, R.F, S. Trujillo Argueta. 2007. Mating systems in a tropical pine with
contrasting population sizes. The Ecological Society of America (ESA) 92nd Annual
Meeting been held jointly with the Society for Ecological Restoration International
(SER)18th International Conference. August 5-10 2007. San José, California, USA. With
published abstract.
163. Trujillo Argueta Sonia y del Castillo Rafael F. 2009. Estimación de polimorfismo
genético en una rosacea por medio de SNPs. V Jornadas Politécnicas de Investigación.
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164. Gomez O.Z., S. Trujillo A., R.F del Castillo, M.D Mondragón Ch.. Variación
isoenzimática en Catopsis berteroniana (Shult.F.)Mez. II Simposio de Biodiversidad de
Oaxaca. CIIDIR IPN Unidad Oaxaca. 25-27 abril 2007. Sta. Cruz Xoxocotlan, Oax.
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165. Vásquez Mendoza, S., R. F. del Castillo y Ricardo Valenzuela Garza. 2007. Listado
preliminar de macromicetos del municipio de Santa Catarina Ixtepeji, Oaxaca, México XI
Congreso de la Sociedad Mesoamericana para la Biología y la Conservación 26-30 de
noviembre del 2007, Oaxtepec, Morelos, México.
166. Del Castillo R.F. and S. Trujillo Argueta. 2007 Mating system in a tropical pine
with contrasting population sizes. Ecological Society of America and Ecological Society of
America and Society of Ecological Restoration. Joint meeting, 5-10 August, PS-62-97.
167. Zacarías-Eslava, Yunuhé, R. F. del Castillo. Sobre las comunidades templadas de
la Sierra Juárez, Oaxaca, en diferentes pisos altitudinales. Manuscript accepted with
minor modifications in Boletín de la Sociedad Botánica de México Nov. 2009
168. Zacarias Eslava Yunhué. 2009. Estructura y composición del bosque templado en
Santa Catarina Ixtepeji, Oaxaca, a lo largo de un gradiente altitudinal. Tesis Maestría en
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169. Community Workshop on conservation. IPN. High School students, teachers and
local authorities in Mexico.
37
170. Becerra P. Ecología de la restauración en ecosistemas mediterráneos de Chile. IV
Coloquio Herencia Natural de Chile. Restauración en ambientes terrestres y acuáticos:
¿utopia o realidad? Noviembre 12.
171. C. Smith. 2008. Presentation of Reforlan project in a course on Forest Ecology in
Universidad de Los Lagos, December 2008, Osorno, Chile
172. A. Miranda, T. Fuentes, C Smith-Ramirez and M. Holmgren. Vegetation cover
dynamics in the Chilean Mediterranean Region. InterAmerican Landscape Ecology
Congress. Sao Paulo, Brasil. October 2009.
173. A. Vásquez, C Smith-Ramirez, N. Cid, C. Echeverría and J. Armesto. Landscape
drivers in tree diversity and plant regeneracion in Mediterranean Chilean forests.
InterAmerican Landscape Ecology Congress. Sao Paulo, Brasil. October 2009.
174. C Smith. Presentation of Reforlan project in a curse of Ecological Restoration of
the Silviculture department of Universidad Austral de Chie, Ocober 2009. Valdivia, Chile.
175. C Smith. Restauración pasiva del bosque esclerófilo. December 11, 2009,
Valparaiso, Chile.
176. C. Smith. Presentation of Reforlan Project to environmentalist, The Nature
Conservancy and REPARA NGO. Universidad Católica de Chile. September 2007.
Santiago, Chile.
177. Becerra, P., C Smith-Ramírez, J. Armesto. 2009. Ecología de restauración de los
bosques esclerófilos de Chile central. Manuscript.
178. Becerra, P. C Smith-Ramírez, C. Echeverría, J. Armesto 2009. Plant biodiversity in
a fragmented landscape in Central Chile. Manuscript.
179. C Smith-Ramírez, V Maturana and J. Armesto 2009. Willingness to restore with
native species by rural communities in Central Chile. Manuscript.
180. Newton, A. C., L. Cayuela, C. Echeverría, J. J. Armesto, R. F. Del Castillo, D.
Golicher, D. Geneletti, M. Gonzalez-Espinosa, A. Huth, F. López-Barrera, L. Malizia, R.
Manson, A. Premoli, N. Ramírez-Marcial, J. Rey Benayas, N. Rüger, C. Smith-Ramírez,
and G. Williams-Linera. 2009. Toward integrated analysis of human impacts on forest
biodiversity: lessons from Latin America. Ecology and Society 14(2): 2. [online] URL:
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181. Cayuela, L., Golicher, D. J., Newton, A. C., Kolb, M., de Alburquerque, F. S.,
Arets, E. J. M. M., Alkemade, J. R. M. and Pérez A. M. (2009) Species distribution
modelling in the tropics: problems, potentialities and the role of biological data for
effective species conservation. Tropical Conservation Science. Vol. 2 (3):319-352, 2009.
182. Newton A C, Hill R, Echeverría C, Golicher D, Rey Benayas JM, Cayuela L and
Hinsley S (2009) Remote sensing and the future of landscape ecology. Progress in
Physical Geography. 33; 528. DOI: 10.1177/0309133309346882
183. Birch, J., Newton, A.C., Alvarez Aquino C, Cantarello E, Echeverría C, Kitzberger
T, Schiappaccasse I, Tejedor Garavito N. (2009) Cost-effectiveness of dryland forest
restoration evaluated by spatial analysis of ecosystem services. PNAS.
184. Birch, J., 2009. The impact of forest restoration on natural capital and the
provision of ecosystem services. Bournemouth University MSc dissertation. Dissertation
completed.
38
185. Echeverria, C. (UACH) 2009 Interview and public feedback based on workshop for
WP9 web page link:http://blogs.elmercurio.com/cienciaytecnologia/2009/12/15/mas-deun-tercio-del-bosque-de.asp
186. Souto, C.P.; A.C. Premoli & P. Reich. Complex bioclimatic and soil gradients shape
leaf trait variation in Embothrium coccineum (Proteaceae) among austral forests in
Patagonia. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural 82(2) 209-222.
187. Premoli, A.C.; P. Quiroga; C. P. Souto. Genética de la conservación: de
poblaciones a filogeografía. Simonetti y Dirzo (eds.) (Book chapter)
188. Souto, C.P.; K. Heinemann; T. Kitzberger; & A.C. Premoli. Biodiversity and
genetic patterns of Austrocedrus chilensis stands mirror fire history of drylands of
Patagonia. Abstract accepted submitted to IV Southern Connection Congress to be held
between 15-19th February 2010.
189. Gobbi, M.E. La restauración en los bosques andinopatagónicos. Una deuda
pendiente. Bariloche Naturaleza y Tecnología 27:34-35. Registrada en el Ministerio
RR.EE. bajo el número REG843085.
190. Gobbi, M.E. I Taller de interpretación de los impactos ambientales en el territorio
de la comunidad Currumil. 70 personas. Gobbi, M.E. I Taller de interpretación de los
impactos ambientales en el territorio de la comunidad Puel. 15 personas. Gobbi, M.E.
Taller de Producción de Plantas Nativas: Principios básicos. Comunidad Currumil. 60
personas.
191. Lallement, M.E., Tognetti, C. & Gobbi, M.E. Plantación de lengas en matorrales
post-fuego: efecto de la modificación del sustrato utilizando residuos madereros.
Primeras Jornadas de Ciencias Naturales en la Patagonia. Universidad Nacional de la
Patagonia San Juan Bosco. Esquel. Poster
192. Gobbi,
M.E.
Curso
Restauración
Ecológica:
Un
Proyecto
Educativo
Interdisciplinario. Semana de las Ciencias. Subsec. Ciencia, Tecnología y DPP de Río
Negro. 20 hs.
193. Lallement, M., C. Tognetti & M.E. Gobbi. Participación de voluntarios en proyectos
de restauración de bosques quemados. Ecos del Parque. En prensa.
194. Gowda, J.H. & Kitzberger, T. Land use planning in dynamic landscapes: a case
study for northern Patagonian forests. Proceedings of the 16th Annual IALE Conference,
held in 2009 (Brasil).
195. Gowda, J.H. & Kitzberger, T. La distribución actual y potencial del ciprés de la
cordillera como herramienta para el ordenamiento territorial del ecotono norpatagonico.
Ecogestion, Esquel, Argentina.
196. Kitzberger, T., Souto, C., & Premoli, A. The ghost of fragmentation past: habitat
suitability models and genetic markers help unveil dry forest non-equilibrium landscapes
in northern Patagonia. Proceedings of the 16th Annual IALE Conference, held in 2009
(Brasil).
197. Kitzberger, T., C. Souto, M. Arbetman, P. Mathiasen & A.C. Premoli. Niche model
and genetics show opposite responses to glaciations in Patagonian trees with contrasting
cold tolerances. Abstract accepted submitted to IV Southern Connection Congress to be
held between 15-19th, February, 2010.
198. Premoli, A.C., Souto, C.P., Echeverría, C., Machuca, G., Acosta, M.C. Mathiasen,
P. & M.P. Quiroga. Forest conservation: genetic and biodiversity distribution inputs. Oral
39
contribution to the symposia Conservacion de bosques at Jornadas Argentinas de
Botanica 2009.
199. Mathiasen, P. PhD thesis. Variación y estructura genética en Nothofagus pumilio
(Poepp. et Endle.) Krasser ‘lenga’ a lo largo de diferentes gradientes ambientales.
Advisor: A.C. Premoli.
200. Mathiasen, P. & A.C. Premoli. Out in the cold: genetic variation of Nothofagus
pumilio (Nothofagaceae) provides evidence for latitudinally distinct evolutionary histories
in austral South America. Molecular Ecology doi: 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2009.04456.x.
201. Premoli A.C., P. Mathiasen, T. Kitzberger. Forest fires reset genetic structure of
seeders and preserve that of sprouters, evidence in South American Nothofagus. Oral
contribution to the symposia Plant ecological genetic insights in the southern hemisphere.
VI Southern Connection Congress 15-19 February 2010, Bariloche, Argentina.
202. Premoli A.C. Curso RED LATINOAMERICANA DE BOTÁNICA & POSTGRADO EN
ECOLOGÍA & BIOLOGÍA EVOLUTIVA UNIVERSIDAD DE CHILE ¿CUÁN ANTIGUA ES LA
HISTORIA BIOGEOGRÁFICA DE ESPECIES ACTUALES DE NOTHOFAGUS S.S. DE
PATAGONIA REFLEJADA POR PATRONES FILOGEOGRÁFICOS?
40