Biology Quiz #3 Review Sheet
3. ______________________ are changes in DNA the affect the expression of a gene. They are caused by
_______________________.
4. Give four environmental examples of things that cause mutations:
5. ____________________ are a change in a specific base of DNA. This causes a change in the
________________ which causes a change in the ________________ _____________ which can
produce a different protein.
6. Name three kinds of these mutations:
7. Describe what is happening during each step of meiosis next to the picture:
8. Describe each below and label if it occurs in meiosis, mitosis or both.
Source of variation
Point Mutation
Definition
Mitosis
Meiosis
Nondisjunction
Independent
Assortment
Crossing Over
9. At the beginning of mitosis cells are (diploid/haploid). At the end of mitosis (identical/genetically
different) (diploid/haploid) cells are produced. Mitosis is part of the ____________ ______________. The
longest phase of the cell cycle is _________________.
10. What is the purpose of mitosis? What types of cells undergo mitosis?
11. Before meiosis, cells undergo ___________________. At the beginning of meiosis cells are
(diploid/haploid). At the end of meiosis, (identical/genetically different) (diploid/haploid)cells are
produced.
12. What is the purpose of meiosis? What types of cells undergo meiosis?
13. Two gametes join together to form a _________________, or a fertilized _________. The male gamete is
called ______________.
14. Why is Mendel? What did he study?
15. _________________ are different forms of a trait. If an organism has two of the same ____________ they
are said to be (heterozygous/homozygous) . If an orgaims have two different ____________ they are said
to be (heterozygous/homozygous). Hint: Blanks are all the same word)
16. The ___________________ is the actual traits that an organism carries, the __________________ is how
the organism looks or behaves.
17. An organism that is homozygous dominant for freckles would have the genotype:
18. An organism that is homozygous recessive for freckles would have the genotype:
19. An organism that heterozygous for the freckles trait would have the genotype:
20. What are Mendel’s four laws?
Complete the follow problems. Make sure to show your work using the punnett square provided.
21. Human earlobes are either attached or free. Free earlobes are dominant over attached. Suppose a man
with the genotype FF and a woman with attached earlobes produce a child. What are the possible
genotypes of the child? What are the possible phenotypes of the child?
22. In mice, black fur is dominant over brown fur. If a brown mouse and a black mouse are bred, the resulting
progeny are all black. What are the genotypes of the parents?
23. In garden peas, purple flowers are dominant over white flowers. If a white-flowered garden pea is crossed
with a homozygous dominant purple-flowered plant, what is the genotype of the offspring?
22. Complete the following table:
Types of Inheritance
Definition
Example
Incomplete
Codominance
Multiple Alleles
Polygenic
Sex-Linked
Complete the follow problems. Make sure to show your work using the punnett square provided.
24. If a female is a carrier for hemophilia X H X h and is married to a man with hemophilia X h Y, what is
the probability that she will have a daughter with hemophilia?
25. A normal female marries a man who has hemophilia . (You’ll need to figure out the genotypes). What
percentage of their sons will have hemophilia?
26. A woman with sickle cell anemia is married to a man who is a carrier for the trait.
( a a x A a). What is the chance of their children having sickle cell anemia?
27. What is the chance that two people (both being carriers for sickle cell anemia) will have a child with the
disease?
28. Von Willebrand Disease is an autosomal dominant disorder (not located on the sex chromosomes) where
blood will not clot properly. What would be the two possible genotypes of a person who has the disorder?
29. Two grandmothers have O blood and want to know if their shared grandson will also have O blood. What
are the possibilities of if the father has A and the mother has B?
30. For the next seven items assume that the ability to roll the tongue (R ) is dominant to the lack of this
ability (r ). Draw a pedigree to show how the trait passes in the family.
Mr. and Mrs. Jones could roll their tongues. Their daughter, Sally was unable to roll her tongue. Mr. Smith
could roll his tongue, but Mrs. Smith could not. Their son, John, could roll his tongue.
Mr. Jones and Mrs. Smith died. Mrs. Jones married Mr. Smith. They had a daughter, Mary, who could roll her
tongue.
a. Draw a pedigree
b. Indicate the genotype of all the members of the family.