EESH Geology Unit Review
Name___________________ Date________
Part One
1.
Illustrate the rock cycle.
2.
Rock that formed from molten rock is classified as ________________.
3.
__________________ rock may contain fossils.
4.
Sandstone and shale are _______ rock.
a. igneous; b. sedimentary; b. metamorphic
5.
Give three examples of minerals.
6.
Obsidian is a glassy igneous rock. What does that tell you about how it formed?
7.
Igneous rock A has large crystals and is light in color. Igneous rock B has medium-sized
crystals and is dark in color. What does this tell you about the two rocks?
8.
What kinds of rock can form metamorphic rock?
9.
Compare the speeds of P- and S- waves.
10.
What happens when P-waves hit the outer core?
11.
What happens when S-waves hit the outer core?
12.
One earthquake is a magnitude 6 on the Richter Scale. Another is a magnitude 3 on the
Richter Scale.
a. How much more shaking will result from the magnitude 6 earthquake? ____
b. How much more energy is released by the magnitude 6 earthquake? ______
13.
If a magnitude 5 earthquake struck Bangor, Maine, would we be likely to feel it in Blue
Hill? __________________________
Would the intensity of this earthquake be the same in Blue Hill? _____________
What scale is used to describe intensity? _________________________________
What does earthquake intensity describe? _____________________________
13-17 . For each of the following statements, determine if they are true or false. If they are
false, change a word or phrase to correct them.
14.
Sandstone is an intrusive igneous rock.
15.
Extrusive igneous rocks generally have large crystals.
16.
Rocks are to minerals as flour and sugar are to baked goods.
17.
Subduction zones occur along transform boundaries.
18.
Hydraulic fracturing can trigger earthquakes.
19
Which of the following areas are particularly vulnerable to earthquakes?
a. plate boundaries; b. mantle; c. extrusive igneous rock formations
20.
Did the New Madris, Missouri earthquake occur along a plate boundary? How significant
was this earthquake? Could a similar earthquake occur in this area today?
Geology Review Part Two
21.
S-waves travel at a speed of 4,500 m/s. Convert this to km/min using the factor-label
method. Show your work.
22.
P-waves travel at a speed of 6.1 km/s. Convert this to m/min. Show your work.
22.
Draw a diagram of the Earth and label the following. Inner core, mantle, lithosphere,
outer core, crust, asthenopshere
24.
Describe the process of hydraulic fracturing.
a. What resource is it used to obtain?
b. What kind of rock contains this resource that is obtained through hydraulic fracturing?
c. Hydraulic fracturing is also known as __________.
25.
Describe one benefit of surface mining compared to underground mining.
26.
Describe one disadvantage of surface mining compared to underground mining.
27.
Describe two advantages of recycling metals.
28.
Classify each of the following as igneous, metamorphic or sedimentary.
a. granite_______________________
b. sandstone____________________
c. basalt_______________________
d. schist_______________________
e. marble______________________
f. limestone_____________________
29.
Classify each of the following as rocks or minerals.
a. NaCl_________________
b. CaCO3_________________
c. schist _________________
d. coal___________________
30.
___-waves will not travel through the _______________.
31.
What types of soil are vulnerable to liquifaction?
32.
Liquifaction greatly _____ the risk of damage.
a. increases; b. decreases
33.
Why did the Callahan Mine become a Superfund site?
34.
Compare the composition of the oceanic crust and continental crust. (Hint: One is denser.
Which one and why?)
35.
What caused the Himalayan Mountains to form and why are they continuing to grow today?
36.
When a shallow inland sea evaporates, the minerals left behind form ______ rock.
a. igneous; b. sedimentary; c. metamorphic
37.
Much of the bedrock in Maine is granite. This is a:
a. sedimentary rock; b. metamorphic rock; c. intrusive igneous rock;
igneous rock
38.
d. extrusive
If an element has a half-life of twenty million years, and there is 6.25% of it remaining in a
rock, how old is the rock?
Is this an absolute age or relative age?
39.
a. Which layer of rock in the illustration below is the oldest? ____
b. Which layer of rock is the youngest? _____
c. Which layer of rock is the second youngest?____
d.
Which layer of rock is an intrusion? ___
500 × 375 - en.wikibooks.org
40.
The half-life of an element is 50 years. In a certain rock, there is 1/16th of the original parent
element, and 15/16th of the daughter element. How old is the rock?
41.
A scientist is radiometrically dating 3 different rocks. Rock A is dated using element A
(half-life = 50 years), rock B is dated using element B (half-life = 100 years), and rock C is
dated using element C (half-life = 1000 years). If each rock contains 50% of the radioactive
element, and 50% of the daughter element, which rock is oldest?
42.
The half-life of an element is
a.
The amount of particles that the element loses in half of its life.
b.
The amount of time it takes for half of the molecules of that element to transform into
the daughter element.
c.
The amount of time it takes that element to lose half of its daughter elements.
d.
The time it takes a giant tortoise to eat half of the element.