WATER and OCEAN REVIEW SHEET FOR TEST
1. Where can most freshwater on Earth be found? ____GLACIERS____
2. Which of the following DOES NOT conserve water? A
a. taking a 45 minute shower
b. turning off the faucet when you brush your teeth
c. reusing water in factories
d. making sure the dishwasher is full of dishes (instead of half full) before turning it on
3. Plants release water vapor into the air through the process of ____TRANSPIRATION_______.
4. What are the three main types of clouds? CIRRUS, STRATUS, CUMULUS (BE ABLE TO DESCRIBE WHAT EACH
LOOKS LIKE)
5. _70__% of the planet Earth is covered by water.
6. When the soil reaches 100% porosity, it is full of water. Another way to say this is “The soil is
___SATURATED_”.
7. Water changes to water vapor (gas) through the process of __EVAPORATION__.
8. What type of cloud is described using the word “wispy”? ___CIRRUS____
9. After a day at the beach, you leave your towel outside to dry. The towel is drying through the process of
___EVAPORATION___.
10. Rain, sleet, snow and hail are all types of what? _____PRECIPITATION______
11. Steady rain comes from what type of cloud? __NIMBOSTRATUS (WHAT DOES NIMBO OR NIMBUS
MEAN???? PRECIPITATION PRODUCING CLOUD)__
12. Describe what is happening to the total amount of water on this planet? THE AMOUNT OF WATER ON THE
EARTH IS STAYING THE SAME BECAUSE THE WATER CYCLE IS RECYCLING EARTH’S WATER
13. Going back to number 12: The reason your answer for that was is correct is because EVAPORATION and
PRECIPITATION balance each other out. (EVAPORATION TAKES WATER AWAY FROM THE EARTH;
PRECIPITATION RETURNS WATER TO THE EARTH)
14. Which type of clouds are low? STRATUS (CAN BE FOG) High? CIRRUS (WATER VAPOR CAN BE ICE
CRYSTALS)
15. Which type of clouds produce thunderstorms? CUMULONIMBUS
16. Fresh water found in the rock layers below our feet is known as GROUNDWATER.
17. If you see a(n) _ALTOCUMULUScloud in the morning, it could mean that you will see thunderstorms in the
afternoon.
18. Water vapor changes to liquid water during the process of __CONDENSATION.
19. What water cycle process is responsible for cloud formation? ___ CONDENSATION ___
20. For the water cycle to continue, it must get energy from the ____SUN________.
21. What percent of Earth’s water is saltwater? 97% (MOST FOUND IN OCEANS) Freshwater? 3% (MOST
FOUND IN GLACIERS)
22. The ____WATER TABLE is the top of the saturated zone.
23. What is hydrology? THE STUDY OF EARTH’S WATER – HOW DOES IT MOVE, HOW IT IS DISTRUBUTED,
WHAT IS THE QUALITY OF IT
24. You are a snowflake on top of a mountain. Describe 2 ways for you to get to the ocean.
- YOU COULD MELT AND RUN DOWN A MOUNTAIN; YOU COULD THEN RUN INTO A STREAM THAT WOULD
THEN JOIN A RIVER AND EVENTUALLY RUNOFF INTO THE OCEAN
- YOU COULD BE MELT AND BE EVAPORATED INTO THE SKY; THERE YOU COULD CONDENSE INTO A CLOUD
AND WHEN THE CLOUD BECOMES TO HEAVY YOU WILL FALL INTO AN OCEAN AS PRECIPITATION
- YOU COULD MELT AND SINK INTO THE GROUND AND BE USED BY A PLANT; THE PLANT WOULD THEN
TRANSPIRE, RELEASING YOU INTO THE ATMOSPHERE AS WATER VAPOR, WHERE YOU WOULD THEN
CONDENSE INTO A CLOUD AND FALL INTO AN OCEAN AS PRECIPITATION
_________________________________________________________________________________________
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25. How are clouds important to the water cycle?
ONCE EVAPORTATION TURNS WATER TO WATER VAPOR AND TAKES IT AWAY FROM THE EARTH TO THE SKY,
IT CONDENSES INTO CLOUDS AND THE CLOUDS RETURN THE WATER TO THE EARTH AS PRECIPITATION
26. Name 2 things you can do to conserve water.
TAKE SHORTER SHOWERS, TURN OFF WATER WHILE YOU ARE BRUSHING YOUR TEETH, ONLY RUN
DISHWASHER WHEN IT’S FULL
27. How do waves move? UP AND DOWN (NO WATER MOVES FORWARD IN WAVES); THE PARTICLES IN A
WAVE MOVE IN A CLOCKWISE, CIRCULAR MOTION
28. Label the parts of a wave on the following diagram: crest, trough, wavelength, waveheight, amplitude
A. CREST
B. IGNORE
C. TROUGH
D. WAVELENGTH
E. AMPLITUDE
A TO C = WAVE HEIGHT
29. Label the following diagram: continental slope, continental shelf, continental rise, guyot, seamount, mid-ocean
ridge, trench
CONTINENTAL
SHELF
VOLCANIC
ISLAND
ABYSSAL PLAIN
CONTINENTAL
SLOPE
GUYOT
MID OCEAN
RIDGE
CONTINENTAL
RISE
TRENCH
30. Currents that are caused by the wind are called __SURFACE CURRENTS____.
31. Underwater earthquakes create __TSUNAMIS_____.
32. The gently sloping area of the ocean floor that extends outward from the edge of a
Continent is called the ___CONTINENTAL SHELF_____.
33. The flat region of the ocean floor is the __ABYSSAL PLAIN___.
SEAMOUNTS
34. A deep canyon in the ocean floor is called a ___TRENCH______.
35. The long chain of underwater mountains is known as the ___MID OCEAN RIDGE_.
36. The highest part of the wave is called the ____CREST____.
37. The lowest part of the wave is called the ____TROUGH____.
38. Tsunamis have really long ___WAVELENGTHS OR WAVE HEIGHTS___.
39. The distance between one crest and another crest is the ___WAVELENGTH___.
40. One half the distance of the wave height is the __AMPLITUDE___.
41. As a wave reaches the shore, the _BOTTOM OF THE WAVE (OR THE TROUGH) of the wave drags along the
bottom of the ocean.
42. Circulation in the ocean that brings deep, cold ocean water to the surface is known as
__UPWELLING_____.
43. As a wave reaches the shore, the wavelength ___DECREASES____.
44. Currents that are due to differences in the amount of salt in the ocean are called
___DEEP OCEAN CURRENTS_____. (CAN ALSO BE CAUSED BY DIFFERENCE IN TEMPERATURE)
45. An ocean current is like a __RIVER running through the ocean.
46. The rise and fall of sea level is a _____TIDE_____.
47. __TIDE__ are caused by the gravitational pull of the moon.
48. Salinity is the measure of __SALT__ in the oceans.
49. A flat-topped, underwater seamount is called a ___GUYOT____.
** RIP CURRENTS are powerful currents that want to pull you back into the ocean.**
50. **** NEW QUESTION TO REVIEW!!! COMPARE AND CONTRAST SURFACE CURRENTS AND DEEP OCEAN
CURRENTS.
SIMILARITIES: THEY ARE BOTH LIKE RIVERS RUNNING THROUGH THE OCEANS (CURRENTS); THEY BOTH CARRY
WATER FORWARD, UNLIKE A WAVE
DIFFERENCES: SURFACE CURRENTS HAPPEN AT THE SURFACE OF THE WATER, WHILE DEEP OCEAN CURRENTS
OCCUR DEEP IN THE OCEAN; SURFACE CURRENTS ARE CAUSED BY WINDS, WHILE DEEP OCEAN CURRENTS ARE
CAUSED BY A DIFFERENCE IN SALINITY OR A DIFFERENCE IN TEMPERATURE