Western Hemisphere Geography (not including US) -Go to www.flashcardmachine.com for flash card review “harlandale” is login “indians” is password.” 1. Capitals a. South America i. Argentina ii. Brazil iii. Chile iv. Paraguay v. Uruguay vi. Bolivia vii. Peru viii. Ecuador ix. Columbia x. Venezuela xi. Guyana (former UK colony) xii. Suriname (form Dutch colony) xiii. French Guyana (still owned by France) b. c. 2. Rivers a. b. c. d. e. f. g. North America i. Costa Rica ii. Panama iii. Honduras iv. Nicaragua v. El Salvador vi. Guatemala vii. Belize viii. Mexico ix. Canada x. Greenland (Denmark) Caribbean i. Cuba ii. Haiti (western half of Hispanola) iii. Dominican Republic (eastern half of Hispanola) iv. Jamaica v. The Bahamas vi. Trinidad and Tobago vii. Barbados Buenos Aires Brasilia Santiago Asuncion Montevideo La Paz and Sucre Lima Quito Santa Fe de Bogota Caracas George Town Paramaribo Cayenne San Jose Panama City Tegucigalpa Managua San Salvador Guatemala City Belmopan Mexico City Ottawa Godthab Havana Port-au-Prince Santo Domingo Kingston Nassau Port au Spain Bridgetown (Please review the Slide Show on my website. Instructions on top of this assignment.) Amazon River i. Widest river in the world; 2nd longest river in the world. ii. The Brazilian cities of Manaus and Belem are on it. iii. Negro and Madeira rivers flow into it. Parana River i. Flows past Asuncion, Paraguay before ending at the Rio de la Plata (near Buenos Aires) ii. Iguasoo Falls- one of the most famous waterfalls in world is on Parana where Argentina, Paraguay, and Brazil meet. Orinoco River i. Large jungle river that flows entirely through Venezuela Magdalena River i. Major river of Columbia Mackenzie River i. Largest river of Canada; lies entirely in Canada’s Northwest Territory ii. Begins at Great Slave Lake St. Lawrence River i. Forms boundary between Canada and US ii. Begins at Lake Ontario and flows to Atlantic Ocean iii. Montreal, Quebec and Quebec City are on it. Saskatchewan River i. Major river that flows through Prairie Provinces (Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Alberta) ii. Ends in Lake Winnipeg 3. 4. Mountain Ranges and Mountains a. The Andes i. Large mountain range that runs down the spine of South America 1. Mostly in Chile, Peru, Ecuador, Columbia, and Venezuela 2. Mt. Aconcagua, tallest mountain in South America, is on border of Chile and Argentina 3. Mt Chimborazo- most famous volcano in South America; located in Ecuador. b. The Rocky Mountains i. Large mountain range of North America; it has various branches ii. The Cascades 1. Branch of Rockies that runs through Oregon and Washington State 2. Mt. Hood, largest mountain of Oregon 3. Mt. Ranier, largest mountain of Washington State iii. Sierra Nevada 1. Mountain range between California and Nevada 2. Mt. Whitney, the tallest mountain in the Lower 48, is located here near Death Valley Nat’l Park iv. Olympic Mountains 1. Mountain range in Washington State on Olympic peninsula v. Alaska Range 1. Northern extension of Cascades; features tallest mountains of North America 2. Features Mt. McKinley (Denali), the tallest mountain in North America. vi. Brooks Range 1. Far northern mountain range in Alaska 2. Separates interior of Alaska from the frozen tundra north near the Arctic Ocean. c. Appalachian Mtns i. Ancient Mountain range of Eastern U.S. ii. Mt. Mitchell (6,643ft), the tallest mountain east of the Rockies, is in North Carolina Bodies of Water a. Bering Sea i. Branch of Pacific Ocean with the Aleutian islands to the south and the Bering Strait to the north b. Bering Strait i. Separates Asia from Alaska; named after Danish explorer who found it. c. Beaufort Sea i. Large sea of Arctic Ocean which faces the massive oil reserves at Prudhoe Bay, AK d. Great Bear Lake i. Northernmost of the two great Arctic lakes e. Great Slave Lake i. Southernmost of the two great Arctic lakes; source of Mackenzie River f. Hudson Bay i. Largest Canadian bay in the middle of Canada g. Baffin Bay i. Large bay that separates Canada from Greenland h. Lake Winnepeg i. Large lake in present-day Canadian province of Manitoba i. Gulf of St. Lawrence i. Branch of the Atlantic Ocean where the St. Lawrence River empties j. Gulf of Mexico i. Southern part of Gulf of Mexico is the Gulf of Campeche k. Florida Straits i. Separates Florida from Cuba l. Strait of Cuba i. Separates Cuba from the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico m. Gulf of California i. Body of water that separates Baja California from mainland Mexico ii. Mexicans call it “Sea of Cortes” n. Lake Nicaragua i. Largest lake of Nicaragua; first chosen site of “Panama Canal”; later moved to Panama. o. Lake Maracaibo i. Largest lake of Venezuela; has tons of oil p. Rio de la Plata i. Estuary which drains the Parana and Uruguay rivers q. Lake Titicaca i. Located at the border of Peru and Bolivia ii. Highest navigable lake in the world iii. The capital of Bolivia, La Paz, is nearby. r. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Straits of Magellan i. Strait at the tip of South America that separates it from the large island, Tierra del Fuego s. Drake Passage i. Large strait which separates South America (Tierra del Fuego in particular) from the Antarctic Peninsula Peninsulas a. Alaskan Peninsula i. Sticks out of Alaska deep into the Bering Sea; Aleutian Islands begin there. b. Yucatan Peninsula i. Jungle peninsula full of Maya Indians; site of present day Cancun beach resort. c. Isthmus of Tehuantepec i. “Skinny” part of Mexico that connects Mexico proper with the Yucatan. Important Islands a. Baffin Island i. Large Canadian Arctic island which faces Greenland across from Baffin Sea b. Ellesmere Island i. Northernmost Canadian Arctic island; expeditions to North Pole begin here. c. Greenland i. Largest island in the world; colony of Denmark ii. Called Kalalit Nunaat by native Eskimo. d. West Indies island divided into two main sections i. Greater Antilles 1. Includes the large islands (Cuba, Hispanola, Jamaica, and Puerto Rico) ii. Lesser Antilles 1. Includes the remainder of the small Caribbean islands. e. Hispanola i. Large island which contains Haiti and the Dominican Republic f. The Galapagos Island i. Large archipelago, owned by Ecuador, off the coast of South America ii. Visited by Charles Darwin in 1830s; famous for its diversity of animals g. Easter Island i. Small, strange island off the coast of Chile; famous for large alien heads made of large stones h. Tierra del Fuego i. Large island at the tip of South America, co-owned by Chile and Argentina i. Falkland Islands (called Islas Malvinas in by Argentina) i. British island group off the southern coast of Argentina ii. Argentina and the U.K. fought a war in 1982 for possession of these islands. Deserts and Regions a. Atacama Desert i. Located in northern Chile ii. Driest spot in the world b. Chihuahua Desert i. Large desert of northern Mexico in present day Chihuahua province and New Mexico c. Sonoran Desert i. Large desert of northern Mexico in present day Sonora province and Arizona Regions a. The Llanos i. Large tropical prairie land of Venezuela. ii. Orinoco River flows through the middle of it. b. Mato Grosso i. Large prairie land of Brazil c. El Gran Chaco i. Hot semi-arid prairie land of Paraguay d. The Altiplano i. High, dry, steppe region of Bolivia e. The Pampas i. Fertile grassy area of Argentina near Buenos Aires; most agriculture and livestock is grown here. f. Patagonia i. Cold, bleak area of southern Argentina near Tierra del Fuego. Miscellaneous a. All Central American nations border both the Atlantic and Pacific except for El Salvador and Belize (Atlantic) b. Chile and Ecuador are only South American nations NOT to border Brazil. c. Panama connects to South America with Columbia (used to be a province of Columbia until US stole it).